Method for evaluating backfat thickness and shearing force in quality characters of Sichuan yak meat
The application of a detection reagent of a molecular marker combination of a PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-387G > A and a molecular marker E9-554T > C in evaluating the quality traits of Sichuan yak meat,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, molecular marker E9-554T > C located at NC-037334.1: 61176089,;
the molecular marker E9-387G > A genotype is obviously larger than that of GA individual when the GG individual beef shearing force is larger than that of the genotype,
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
2. The application of a pair of detection primers of molecular marker combinations of PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-387G > A and molecular marker E9-554T > C in evaluation of quality traits of Sichuan yak meat or preparation of a kit for evaluating the quality traits of the Sichuan yak meat is characterized in that,
the nucleotide sequence of the primer is shown as SEQ ID NO 1-2;
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, molecular marker E9-554T > C located at NC-037334.1: 61176089, respectively;
the molecular marker E9-387G > A genotype is obviously larger than that of GA individual when the GG individual beef shearing force is larger than that of the genotype,
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
3. A method for evaluating the quality traits of Sichuan yak meat is characterized in that the genotype of the molecular marker combination of the PPARGC1B gene exon 9E 9-387G > A and the molecular marker E9-554T > C is detected,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, molecular marker E9-554T > C located at NC-037334.1: 61176089, respectively;
the molecular marker E9-387G > A genotype is obviously larger than that of GA individual when the GG individual beef shearing force is larger than that of the genotype,
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the primer of claim 2 is used to genotype the combination of molecular markers in the sample.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the beef quality trait is backfat thickness and/or shear force.
Application of a detection reagent of a PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-387G > A in evaluation of the shear force character of Sichuan yak meat,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, respectively;
the genotype of the molecular marker E9-387G > A is that the beef shearing force of GG individuals is obviously larger than that of GA individuals.
7. A method for evaluating the shearing force character of Sichuan yak meat is characterized in that the genotype of a molecular marker E9-387G > A of the 9 th exon of PPARGC1B gene is detected,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, respectively;
the molecular marker E9-387G > A genotype is obviously larger than that of GA individual when the GG individual beef shearing force is larger than that of the genotype,
the application of the detection reagent of the PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-554T > C in the evaluation of the backfat thickness property of the Sichuan yak meat,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-554T > C is located in NC-037334.1: 61176089, respectively;
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
9. A method for evaluating the backfat thickness property of Sichuan yak meat is characterized in that the genotype of a molecular marker E9-554T > C of the 9 th exon of PPARGC1B gene is detected,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-554T > C is located in NC-037334.1: 61176089, respectively;
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
Background
With the continuous, stable and continuous high-speed growth of livestock husbandry in China, the dairy cattle industry in China has a certain scale and foundation after development, and the beef cattle industry is still in the starting stage. However, with the development of national economy, the increasing economic consumption ability of the nation and the continuous pursuit of healthy diet, the beef cattle industry is rapidly developed and is one of the industries with the highest growth speed in the animal husbandry.
China has abundant yak resources, accounts for more than 95% of the total number of the world, and is mainly distributed in Sichuan, Tibet, Qinghai and other places. The yak is not large in proportion in beef cattle, but is a dominant stock suitable for the special ecological environment of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, provides milk, meat, hair, down, leather, vitality, fuel and other necessary products for production and life for local herdsmen, is closely related to Tibetan culture, is a material basis on which local herdsmen live and develop, and is also an indispensable important stock in local animal husbandry economy. The yak meat has the advantages of sturdy and firm constitution, tall and big body, developed heart and lung, compact muscles, short body, long legs, firm bones and muscles, strong cold resistance, capability of providing yak meat with low cost and unique flavor for people, 9.4 percent higher protein content and 3.5 percent lower fat content than common yellow beef, bright red meat color, rich essential amino acid content in human body and complete variety, and is an ideal protein similar to that provided by grain and agricultural organization (FAO) in the United nations and is a high-quality protein source.
The yak meat has the characteristics of green, safety, no public nuisance and rich nutritive value, is rich in amino acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) which are necessary for human body, and has reasonable composition proportion of n-6PUFA and n-3PUFA, thus forming unique flavor. The fat content of yak meat is lower than that of other varieties of cattle of the same age, but the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is obviously higher than that of common yellow cattle, and the yak meat contains eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) which are not detected in the yellow cattle meat. In addition, the feed has rich trace elements, contains macroelements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and the like necessary for human bodies, and also contains trace elements such as zinc, manganese, copper, iron and the like, wherein the content of the iron element is more obviously higher than that of cattle such as Simmental cattle and the like, and the feed is green and healthy natural food and has good nutritional value and economic value.
The Sichuan yak meat which lives in a pollution-free environment and is eaten by natural pasture is regarded as natural green food, accords with the trend of people to healthy life, accords with the pursuit of people to green healthy food, and is gradually concerned by people. The Sichuan yaks are special cattle species in alpine regions, are suitable for severe environments such as severe cold, oxygen deficiency and the like, have certain milk yield and meat yield, and still have great development potential in terms of meat quality.
Peroxidase proliferation activating Receptor gamma co-activator-1 beta (Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma, coactivor 1beta, PPARGC1B, or PGC-1 beta) belongs to the superfamily of steroid, thyroid gland and retinoic acid receptors, is a transcription factor of nuclear Receptor for regulating the expression of target genes, has transcription activity when activated by ligand, and further can regulate the expression of various signal channel genes on the transcription level.
PPARGC1B can be currently divided into three subtypes, PPAR α, β (or δ) and γ, depending on their molecular structure. Among them, PPARGC1B, a member of PPAR-gamma family, is a key regulator of energy metabolism and balance, is widely distributed in high-oxidative metabolic tissues such as heart, skeletal muscle and brown fat cell, and has a regulatory effect in vivo by binding to transcription factors such as peroxidase proliferation-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1). In addition, the PPARGC1B gene may be involved in regulation by post-transcriptional activation modification, or may be regulated by activation of transcription of a gene downstream of a nuclear receptor and a transcription factor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for evaluating the back fat thickness and the shearing force in the quality characters of the Sichuan yak meat.
The invention aims to provide an application of a detection reagent of a molecular marker combination of a PPARGC1B gene exon 9E 9-387G > A and a molecular marker E9-554T > C in evaluation of quality traits of Sichuan yak beef.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide application of a pair of detection primers of molecular marker combinations of PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-387G > A and molecular marker E9-554T > C in evaluation of quality characters of Sichuan yak meat or preparation of a kit for evaluating the quality characters of the Sichuan yak meat.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a method for evaluating the quality character of Sichuan yak meat.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the detection reagent of the PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-387G > A in the evaluation of the meat shearing force character of the Sichuan yak meat.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide a method for evaluating the shearing force character of Sichuan yak meat.
The sixth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the detection reagent of the PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-554T > C in the evaluation of the meat backfat thickness property of the Yak meat in Sichuan.
The seventh purpose of the invention is to provide a method for evaluating the backfat thickness property of the Sichuan yak meat.
The PPARGC1B gene influences the quality character of the Sichuan yak meat at 4 SNP site single nucleotide polymorphic sites (E9-189A > C, E9-542C > T, E9-387G > A, E9-554T > C, respectively) in the Sichuan yak meat. Wherein E9-387G > A (located at nucleotide 61175922 of chromosome 7 of NC _ 037334.1: 61175922, ARS-UCD version 1.2 bovine genome, NC _ 037334.1: 61175922), E9-554T > C (located at nucleotide 61176089 of chromosome 7 of NC _ 037334.1: 61176089, ARS-UCD version 1.2 bovine genome, NC _ 037334.1: 61176089) sites are closely related to the yak meat quality trait. The dominant genotype of E9-387G > A is GG, and the individual shearing force index of the GG is obviously higher than that of the GA genotype; the dominant genotype of E9-554T > C is TT, and the dominant genotype is obviously lower in TT backfat thickness than other genotypes.
Therefore, the invention claims the application of the detection reagent of the molecular marker combination of the PPARGC1B gene exon 9E 9-387G > A and the molecular marker E9-554T > C in the evaluation of the quality traits of the Sichuan yak meat,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922 (i.e. nucleotide 61175922 of chromosome 7 of the ARS-UCD version 1.2 bovine genome, NC-037334.1: 61175922), the molecular marker E9-554T > C is located at NC-037334.1: 61176089 (i.e., nucleotide 61176089 of chromosome 7 of the ARS-UCD version 1.2 bovine genome, NC-037334.1: 61176089);
the molecular marker E9-387G > A genotype is obviously larger than that of GA individual when the GG individual beef shearing force is larger than that of the genotype,
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
And the application of a pair of primers of molecular marker combination of PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-387G > A and molecular marker E9-554T > C in evaluating the quality characters of the Sichuan yak meat or preparing a kit for detecting the quality characters of the Sichuan yak meat,
the nucleotide sequence of the primer is shown as SEQ ID NO 1-2;
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, molecular marker E9-554T > C located at NC-037334.1: 61176089, respectively;
the molecular marker E9-387G > A genotype is obviously larger than that of GA individual when the GG individual beef shearing force is larger than that of the genotype,
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
Wherein, the upstream sequence: 5'-CACCACGCCTCCATACA-3' (SEQ ID NO:1)
The downstream sequence: 5'-TCAGGACTTGCCCATAACT-3' (SEQ ID NO: 2).
And a method for evaluating the quality character of the Sichuan yak meat, which detects the genotype of the molecular marker combination of the PPARGC1B gene exon 9E 9-387G > A and the molecular marker E9-554T > C,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, molecular marker E9-554T > C located at NC-037334.1: 61176089, respectively;
the molecular marker E9-387G > A genotype is obviously larger than that of GA individual when the GG individual beef shearing force is larger than that of the genotype,
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
Preferably, the primer is used to detect the genotype of the molecular marker combination of the sample.
The method is applied to the auxiliary breeding of the quality characters of the Sichuan yak beef, wherein the quality characters of the beef are backfat thickness and/or shearing force, and the method also belongs to the protection range of the invention.
The invention also claims the application of the detection reagent of the PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-387G > A in the evaluation of the shearing force character of the Sichuan yak meat,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, respectively;
the genotype of the molecular marker E9-387G > A is that the beef shearing force of GG individuals is obviously larger than that of GA individuals.
And a method for evaluating the shearing force character of the Sichuan yak meat, detects the genotype of a molecular marker E9-387G > A of the 9 th exon of the PPARGC1B gene,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922, respectively;
the molecular marker E9-387G > A genotype is obviously larger than that of GA individual when the GG individual beef shearing force is larger than that of the genotype,
similarly, the invention also claims the application of the detection reagent of the PPARGC1B gene exon 9 molecular marker E9-554T > C in the evaluation of the meat backfat thickness property of the Sichuan yak meat,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-554T > C is located in NC-037334.1: 61176089, respectively;
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
And a method for evaluating the backfat thickness property of the Sichuan yak meat, detects the genotype of a molecular marker E9-554T > C of the 9 th exon of the PPARGC1B gene,
wherein, the molecular marker E9-554T > C is located in NC-037334.1: 61176089, respectively;
the genotype of molecular marker E9-554T > C is obviously smaller than that of individuals with genotype TC for the beef backfat thickness of TT individuals.
A kit for evaluating the quality traits of Sichuan yak meat contains the reagent.
Preferably, the primer comprises a nucleotide sequence shown as SEQ ID NO 1-2. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention takes the Sichuan yaks as objects to obtain the molecular marker which influences the quality traits of the Sichuan yaks. The target fragment of the PPARGC1B gene is amplified by PCR, the single nucleotide polymorphism of the target gene fragment is detected by a direct sequencing method, and the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphism and the quality character of the Sichuan yak meat is analyzed. Lays a foundation for further constructing the core cattle group with excellent high-quality meat quality traits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electrophoresis picture of amplification products of a mixed pool of PPARGC1B gene of a Sichuan yak.
FIG. 2 shows the sequencing result of the amplification product of the mixed pool of the PPARGC1B gene of the Sichuan yak.
FIG. 3 is an electrophoresis picture of PCR amplification products of individual Sichuan yak PPARGC1B gene.
FIG. 4 shows SNPs sites of the PPARGC1B gene of Yak in Sichuan (in this example, genotypes E9-189 AA and E9-554 CC were not detected).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The test methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are, unless otherwise specified, commercially available reagents and materials.
Example 1 design of primer for amplification of PPARGC1B Gene sequence and amplification of PPARGC1B Gene sequence
First, experiment method
1. Obtaining a sample
In the embodiment, the selected 85 Sichuan yaks are 24-36 months old and come from Abaca, Sichuan province, blood samples are collected and stored in a refrigerator at the temperature of-80 ℃, and DNA of each blood sample is extracted.
2. Primer design and Synthesis
The bovine PPARGC1B gene sequence (ENSBTAT00000068740.1) was queried based on the Ensembl website, primers were designed using Primer Premier 5.0 software, and the designed primers were synthesized by Biotechnology engineering (Shanghai) Inc., at the position of exon 9 of the target gene, and the Primer sequences were as follows.
The upstream sequence: 5'-CACCACGCCTCCATACA-3' (SEQ ID NO:1)
The downstream sequence: 5'-TCAGGACTTGCCCATAACT-3' (SEQ ID NO: 2).
3. Mixed pool PCR amplification and sequencing
DNA of each blood sample of 85 Sichuan yaks is mixed to serve as a DNA mixing pool, and the DNA mixing pool serves as a template to amplify target fragments. The PCR amplification reaction system is 20 mu L, and comprises 1 mu L of mixed pool DNA template, 0.4 mu L of upstream primer and downstream primer, 10 mu L of Green Taq Mix and 8.2 mu L of deionized water. The PCR amplification procedure was: pre-denaturation at 94 ℃ for 4 min; denaturation at 94 ℃ for 30s, annealing at 54 ℃ for 30s, extension at 72 ℃ for 1min, and 35 cycles; extension at 72 ℃ for 5 min. After the PCR product is detected by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and the length of the band is correct, the PCR product is sent to the company Limited in Biotechnology engineering (Shanghai) for sequencing.
4. Single sample DNA amplification and sequencing
The target fragment is amplified by using a single sample DNA as a template, and 85 samples are amplified in total. The PCR amplification reaction procedure is consistent with the mixed pool PCR amplification procedure. The PCR amplification product was detected by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis, and after confirming that the band was clear, non-specific band and correct length, it was sent to Biotechnology engineering (Shanghai) Ltd for sequencing.
5. Statistical data analysis
Observing overlapping peaks by adopting Seqman software;
second, experimental results
The electrophoresis result shows that the PCR amplification product band of the DNA mixed pool is clear and bright, no smear, primer dimer and nonspecific amplification band exist, the length of the PCR product amplified by the primer is about 944bp, and the length of the amplification product is consistent with the expectation, as shown in FIG. 1. Can be used for subsequent tests.
2 overlapping peaks were found in the mixed pool PCR amplification sequencing results, which are shown in FIG. 2. 2 SNP sites are all positioned on the 9 th exon of the gene and are respectively E9-189A > C; E9-542C > T.
And performing PCR amplification by using a single blood DNA sample of the Sichuan yak as a template, wherein the length of a target fragment is 944bp, and a sequencing result is shown in figure 3. And carrying out DNA electrophoresis detection on the obtained PCR amplification product, and observing by a gel electrophoresis imager to confirm that an electrophoresis band is uniform and clear without abnormal bands such as smearing, dimer and the like. The next test was carried out.
And respectively carrying out PCR amplification by taking DNA individual samples of 85 Sichuan yaks as templates, and sending the obtained electrophoresis results to a company for sequencing after the electrophoresis results are abnormal. The sequencing results were determined using SeqMan software for one-by-one pair of SNP sites of overlapping peaks, and finally 4 SNP sites (E9-189A > C, E9-387G > A, E9-542C > T, and E9-554T > C) were determined in 85 sequencing samples, and the different genotypes of the SNPs sites are shown in FIG. 4.
Wherein, the molecular marker E9-387G > A is positioned in NC-037334.1: 61175922 (i.e. nucleotide 61175922 of chromosome 7 of the ARS-UCD version 1.2 bovine genome, NC-037334.1: 61175922), the molecular marker E9-554T > C is located at NC-037334.1: 61176089 (i.e., nucleotide 61176089 of chromosome 7 of the ARS-UCD version 1.2 bovine genome, NC-037334.1: 61176089).
Example 2 population genetic characterization of SNPs sites of PPARGC1B Gene
First, experiment method
Calculating the gene frequency, genotype frequency, genetic heterozygosity (H), effective allele factor (Ne), and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) of the allele using Popgene32 software; calculating chi2A value; carrying out difference significance test on the relationship between meat quality traits and genotypes of the Sichuan yaks by utilizing multiple comparative analysis in single-factor variance of SPSS 23.0 software, and when P is obtained<A difference of 0.05 is significant, P<A difference of 0.01 is extremely significant. The test data are expressed as "mean ± sem".
Second, experimental results
The genotype frequencies and the gene frequency distribution of 4 SNP sites of the PPARGC1B gene of the Sichuan yak are shown in Table 1, wherein E9-189A>The gene frequency of the allele A and the gene frequency of the allele C at the C locus are respectively 0.0235 and 0.9765, the gene frequency of the allele C is obviously higher than that of the allele A and belongs to a dominant gene in a population, the frequency of the CC genotype is 0.9529, and the frequency of the AC genotype is 0.0471; E9-387G>The gene frequencies of alleles G and A at the A site are 0.9176 and 0.0824 respectively, the gene frequency of the allele G is obviously higher than that of the allele A and belongs to a dominant gene in a population, the frequency of the GG genotype is 0.8471, the frequency of the GA genotype is 0.1412, and the frequency of the AA genotype is 0.0118; E9-542C>The gene frequencies of the T locus, the allele C and the T are respectively 0.0294 and 0.9706, the gene frequency of the allele T is obviously higher than that of the allele C and belongs to a dominant gene in a population, the frequency of the TT genotype is 0.9529, the frequency of the CT genotype is 0.0353, and the frequency of the TT genotype is 0.0118; E9-554T>The gene frequency of C locus allele T and C is 0.9647 and 0.0353 respectively, the gene frequency of allele T is obviously higher than that of allele C, the allele T belongs to a dominant gene in a population, the frequency of TT genotype is 0.9294, and the frequency of TC genotype is 0.0706. The gene heterozygosity (H) and the Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of the 4 SNPs are lower than 0.25, which indicates that the polymorphism of the population belongs to low-grade polymorphism in the PPARGC1B gene; chi shape2Examination shows that E9-542G is removed>The rest three sites except the A site are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state (P) in the Sichuan yak population>0.05)
TABLE 1 results of population genetic characterization analysis of 4 SNPs of PPARGC1B Gene
Note: chi shape2Values representing no significance (P)>0.05)，χ2 0.05(df＝2)＝5.99，χ2 0.01(df＝2)＝9.21。
Example 3 analysis of the SNPs sites of the PPARGC1B Gene and the traits of Yak meat quality
First, experiment method
1. The 85-head Sichuan yaks of example 1 were obtained from a cattle farm in Abaca, Sichuan province, and healthy yak blood samples in the same environment, the same feeding conditions and the same period were collected and stored at-20 ℃ for extraction of blood genome DNA, and data on relevant meat quality traits were collected and analyzed.
2. SPSS 23.0 single-factor variance analysis on the correlation between the quality traits and genotypes of the Sichuan yak meat.
Second, experimental results
The SPSS 23.0 single-factor variance analysis shows that the correlation between the quality traits and the genotypes of the Sichuan yak meat is shown in the table 2. The result of meat quality character correlation analysis with the Sichuan yaks shows that: different genotypes of E9-387G > A sites are obviously related to the shearing force character of the Sichuan yak, the shearing force index of the dominant genotype GG is extremely higher than that of other genotypes (P is less than 0.01), but indexes among the genotypes, such as backfat thickness, cooking loss, meat color (L brightness, a red degree and b yellow degree), the pH value of 45min after slaughtering and the pH value of 24h after slaughtering, do not have obvious difference (P is more than 0.05); the E9-554T > C locus, carrying wild homozygous (TT), had significantly lower backfat thickness than mutant heterozygous genotype (TC) (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in indicators such as shear stress, cooking loss, flesh color (L x brightness, a x redness, b x yellowness) and post-mortem pH 45min, post-mortem pH 24h (P > 0.05).
The analysis result shows that: the different genotypes of the E9-387G A, E9-554T > C sites have obvious correlation with the shearing force and the backfat thickness in the quality traits of the Sichuan yak meat. The dominant genotype of E9-387G > A is GG, and the individual shearing force index of the GG is obviously higher than that of the GA genotype; the dominant genotype of E9-554T > C is TT, and the dominant genotype is obviously lower in TT backfat thickness than other genotypes.
TABLE 2 correlation between the quality traits and genotypes of Sichuan yak meat
Note: the same index in the same column marked with completely different letters indicates significant difference (P <0.05 or P < 0.01); the same or no letters are used to indicate that the difference is not significant (P > 0.05).
Compared with a mutant heterozygous Genotype (GA) individual, a wild homozygous genotype (GG) individual has obvious shear force difference in the tenderness index at the E9-387G > A sites, and the PPARGC1B gene plays a certain role in regulating the shear force in the tenderness character in the Sichuan yak meat quality character.
Backfat thickness is one of the important carcass traits of cattle, and the result mainly reflects the amount of fat deposition and directly influences the meat quality indexes such as tenderness, water retention capacity and meat color. In the test, the backfat thickness of an individual heterozygous (TC) with E9-554T > C site mutation is 0.51 +/-0.09 cm and is obviously higher than that of a wild homozygous (TT).
It should be finally noted that the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and that other variations and modifications based on the above description and thought may be made by those skilled in the art, and that all embodiments need not be exhaustive. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Sequence listing
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