1. An alloy powder for repairing an H13 steel die is characterized in that: the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.35-0.40% of C, 1.00-1.20% of Si, 0.25-0.35% of Mn, 4.70-5.20% of Cr4, 1.50-1.55% of Mo1, 1.00-1.25% of V, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, and the balance of Fe; the particle size distribution of the alloy powder is 135-325 meshes.

2. The alloy powder for repairing an H13 steel die as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the alloy powder comprises the following steps: the raw material components are proportioned according to the mass percentage composition ratio, then the small steel ingot is smelted in vacuum, the small steel ingot is smelted by applying medium-frequency induction heating, the powder is prepared by adopting a water atomization method, and then the powder is subjected to particle size screening.

3. A laser repair method of an H13 steel die, using the alloy powder for H13 steel die repair of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, preprocessing an H13 steel die to be repaired: grinding the H13 steel die surface; then cleaning to remove oil contamination impurities; preheating the surface of the cleaned H13 steel die;

step 2, preheating alloy powder: placing alloy powder for repairing an H13 steel die in a drying box for preheating;

step 3, powder feeding and laser cladding: under the condition of introducing protective gas, coaxially feeding powder through fiber laser scanning to alloy powder on the surface of the H13 steel die pretreated in the step 1, and preparing a cladding layer on the surface of the pretreated H13 steel die;

and 4, detection: performing surface dye inspection on the cladding layer prepared in the step 3, and detecting whether a defect exists;

and 5, grinding: and (4) grinding the cladding layer which is detected to be qualified in the step (4) to obtain a repaired H13 steel die with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements.

4. The laser repairing method for the H13 steel die as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 1, the grinding amount is 0.3-1.0 mm; the surface preheating temperature is 400-500 ℃.

5. The laser repairing method for the H13 steel die as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 2, alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die is placed in a drying box and preheated to 100-150 ℃.

6. The laser repairing method for the H13 steel die as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 3, the protective gas is argon.

7. The laser repairing method for the H13 steel die as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 3, the powder feeding speed is 2.5-3.5 g/s, and the powder feeding airflow is 6-8L/min.

8. The laser repairing method for the H13 steel die as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step 3, the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2.8-3.0 KW, the diameter of a circular light spot is 5mm, the lap joint rate is 30-50%, and the scanning speed is 450-600 mm/min.

9. The laser repairing method for the H13 steel die as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 3, the thickness of the prepared cladding layer is 1.8-2.0 mm.

10. The laser repairing method for the H13 steel die as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step 5, the single-side grinding amount is 1.0-1.5 mm.

Background

H13 steel is an important material for hot dies, and is often used for manufacturing forging dies, extrusion dies, and the like, which have a large impact load. In the use process, due to impact, hot corrosion, workpiece friction and the like, the H13 die surface after a period of use has the damage problems of abrasion, corrosion, hot cracking and the like. The damaged H13 steel die is repaired, so that the cost for purchasing a new die is reduced, and the method becomes one of the technical problems which are mainly solved by enterprise technicians. The traditional repair processes such as plasma surfacing, manual arc welding and the like are easy to cause the repaired H13 die to be thermally deformed and to fail, the heat affected zone is large, fatigue cracks are easy to generate in the heat affected zone in the subsequent use, and the service life of the repaired H13 die steel is short.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides alloy powder for repairing an H13 steel die and a laser repairing method, which can solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.35-0.40% of C, 1.00-1.20% of Si, 0.25-0.35% of Mn, 4.70-5.20% of Cr4, 1.50-1.55% of Mo1, 1.00-1.25% of V, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, and the balance of Fe; the particle size distribution of the alloy powder is 135-325 meshes.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the preparation method of the alloy powder comprises the following steps: the raw material components are proportioned according to the mass percentage composition ratio, then the small steel ingot is smelted in vacuum, the small steel ingot is smelted by applying medium-frequency induction heating, the powder is prepared by adopting a water atomization method, and then the powder is subjected to particle size screening.

A laser repairing method for an H13 steel die uses an alloy powder for H13 steel die repairing, and comprises the following steps:

step 1, preprocessing an H13 steel die to be repaired: grinding the H13 steel die surface; then cleaning to remove oil contamination impurities; preheating the surface of the cleaned H13 steel die;

step 2, preheating alloy powder: placing alloy powder for repairing an H13 steel die in a drying box for preheating;

step 3, powder feeding and laser cladding: under the condition of introducing protective gas, coaxially feeding powder through fiber laser scanning to alloy powder on the surface of the H13 steel die pretreated in the step 1, and preparing a cladding layer on the surface of the pretreated H13 steel die;

and 4, detection: performing surface dye inspection on the cladding layer prepared in the step 3, and detecting whether a defect exists;

and 5, grinding: and (4) grinding the cladding layer which is detected to be qualified in the step (4) to obtain a repaired H13 steel die with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 1, the grinding amount is 0.3-1.0 mm; the surface preheating temperature is 400-500 ℃.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 2, alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die is placed in a drying box and preheated to 100-150 ℃.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 3, the protective gas is argon.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 3, the powder feeding speed is 2.5-3.5 g/s, and the powder feeding airflow is 6-8L/min.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in step 3, the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2.8-3.0 KW, the diameter of a circular light spot is 5mm, the lap joint rate is 30-50%, and the scanning speed is 450-600 mm/min.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 3, the thickness of the prepared cladding layer is 1.8-2.0 mm.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 5, the single-side grinding amount is 1.0-1.5 mm.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:

1. according to the invention, by preparing the alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die, the cladding layer is prepared on the H13 steel die by laser cladding under a specific condition, the defects of large thermal deformation, large heat affected zone and the like caused by the traditional process are avoided, and the high-quality cladding layer which is smooth and flat, has no air holes, cracks and inclusion defects and can be prepared on the surface of the H13 steel die to be repaired, so that the repaired H13 steel die has longer service life.

2. The laser repairing method provided by the invention can save production cost, save energy and protect environment.

3. The laser repairing method provided by the invention is simple and practical, the conditions are easy to control, and the large-scale production is easy to realize.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:

the alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.35-0.40% of C, 1.00-1.20% of Si, 0.25-0.35% of Mn, 4.70-5.20% of Cr4, 1.50-1.55% of Mo1, 1.00-1.25% of V, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, and the balance of Fe; proportioning the raw material components according to the alloy proportion, then carrying out vacuum melting on the small steel ingots, applying medium-frequency induction heating to melt the small steel ingots, adopting a water atomization method to prepare powder, and then carrying out particle size screening on the powder; the particle size distribution of the alloy powder is 135-325 meshes.

A laser repairing method for an H13 steel die comprises the following steps:

step 1, pretreating an H13 steel die, grinding the surface of the die, wherein the grinding amount is 0.3-1.0 mm, cleaning the die by using industrial alcohol, removing impurities such as oil stains and the like, and preheating the surface of the H13 steel die to be repaired to 400-500 ℃;

step 2, placing alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die in a drying box to be preheated to 100-150 ℃;

step 3, scanning the alloy powder coaxially fed and conveyed in place by using optical fiber laser under the condition of introducing protective gas, and preparing a cladding layer on the surface of the ground die, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.8-2.0 mm; the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 2.8-3.0 KW, the diameter of a circular light spot is 5mm, the lap joint rate is 30-50%, and the scanning speed is 450-600 mm/min; the protective gas is argon; the powder feeding speed is 2.5-3.5 g/s, and the powder feeding airflow is 6-8L/min.

Step 4, performing surface dye inspection on the cladding layer prepared in the step 3, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;

and 5, grinding the cladding layer qualified in the step 4, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 1.0-1.5 mm, and obtaining the repaired H13 steel die with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements.

Example 1

In this embodiment, the alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die comprises, by weight: 0.35 percent of C, 1.00 percent of Si, 0.25 percent of Mn0, 4.70 percent of Cr1.50 percent of Mo1.00 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the balance of Fe; proportioning the raw material components according to the alloy proportion, then carrying out vacuum melting on the small steel ingots, applying medium-frequency induction heating to melt the small steel ingots, adopting a water atomization method to prepare powder, and then carrying out particle size screening on the powder; the particle size distribution of the alloy powder is 135-325 meshes;

a laser repairing method for an H13 steel die comprises the following steps:

step 1, pretreating an H13 steel die, grinding the surface of the die, wherein the grinding amount is 0.3mm, cleaning the die by using industrial alcohol, removing impurities such as oil stains and the like, and preheating the surface of the H13 steel die to be repaired to 400 ℃;

step 2, placing alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die in a drying box to be preheated to 100 ℃;

step 3, scanning the alloy powder coaxially fed and conveyed in place by fiber laser under the condition of introducing protective gas, and preparing a cladding layer on the surface of the ground die, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.8 mm;

the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 2.8KW, the diameter of a circular light spot is 5mm, the lap joint rate is 30%, and the scanning speed is 450 mm/min; the protective gas is argon; the powder feeding speed is 2.5g/s, and the powder feeding air flow is 6L/min.

Step 4, performing surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;

and 5, grinding the qualified cladding layer, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 1.0mm, and obtaining the repaired H13 steel die with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements.

Example 2

In the implementation, the alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.35 percent of C, 1.10 percent of Si, 0.30 percent of Mn0, 5.00 percent of Cr1.50 percent of Mo1.10 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the balance of Fe; proportioning the raw material components according to the alloy proportion, then carrying out vacuum melting on the small steel ingots, applying medium-frequency induction heating to melt the small steel ingots, adopting a water atomization method to prepare powder, and then carrying out particle size screening on the powder; the particle size distribution of the alloy powder is 135-325 meshes.

A laser repairing method for an H13 steel die comprises the following steps:

step 1, pretreating an H13 steel die, grinding the surface of the die, wherein the grinding amount is 0.5mm, cleaning the die by using industrial alcohol, removing impurities such as oil stains and the like, and preheating the surface of the H13 steel die to be repaired to 450 ℃;

step 2, placing alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die in a drying box to be preheated to 125 ℃;

step 3, scanning the alloy powder coaxially fed and conveyed in place by fiber laser under the condition of introducing protective gas, and preparing a cladding layer on the surface of the ground die, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.9 mm; the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2.9KW, the diameter of a circular light spot is 5mm, the lap joint rate is 40%, and the scanning speed is 500 mm/min; the protective gas is argon; the powder feeding speed is 3.0g/s, and the powder feeding air flow is 7L/min.

Step 4, performing surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;

and 5, grinding the qualified cladding layer, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 1.0mm, and obtaining the repaired H13 steel die with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements.

Example 3

In the implementation, the alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.40 percent of C, 1.20 percent of Si, 0.35 percent of Mn0, 5.20 percent of Cr1.55 percent of Mo1.55 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the balance of Fe; proportioning the raw material components according to the alloy proportion, then carrying out vacuum melting on the small steel ingots, applying medium-frequency induction heating to melt the small steel ingots, adopting a water atomization method to prepare powder, and then carrying out particle size screening on the powder; the alloy powder has the following particle size distribution: 135-325 mesh;

a laser repairing method for an H13 steel die comprises the following steps:

step 1, pretreating an H13 steel die, grinding the surface of the die, wherein the grinding amount is 1.0mm, cleaning the die by using industrial alcohol, removing impurities such as oil stains and the like, and preheating the surface of the H13 steel die to be repaired to 480 ℃;

step 2, placing alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die in a drying box to be preheated to 150 ℃;

step 3, scanning the alloy powder coaxially fed and conveyed in place by fiber laser under the condition of introducing protective gas, and preparing a cladding layer on the surface of the ground die, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 2.0 mm; the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 2.9KW, the diameter of a circular light spot is 5mm, the lap joint rate is 50%, and the scanning speed is 550 mm/min; the protective gas is argon; the powder feeding speed is 3.5g/s, and the powder feeding air flow is 8L/min;

step 4, performing surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;

and 5, grinding the qualified cladding layer, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 1.5mm, and obtaining the repaired H13 steel die with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements.

Example 4

In this embodiment, the alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die comprises, by weight: 0.40 percent of C, 1.20 percent of Si, 0.35 percent of Mn0, 5.20 percent of Cr1.55 percent of Mo1.55 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the balance of Fe; proportioning the raw material components according to the alloy proportion, then carrying out vacuum melting on the small steel ingots, applying medium-frequency induction heating to melt the small steel ingots, adopting a water atomization method to prepare powder, and then carrying out particle size screening on the powder; the granularity distribution of the alloy powder is 135-325 meshes;

a laser repairing method for an H13 steel die comprises the following steps:

step 1, pretreating an H13 steel die, grinding the surface of the die, wherein the grinding amount is 1.0mm, cleaning the die by using industrial alcohol, removing impurities such as oil stains and the like, and preheating the surface of the H13 steel die to be repaired by 500 ℃;

step 2, placing alloy powder for repairing the H13 steel die in a drying box to be preheated to 150 ℃;

step 3, scanning the alloy powder coaxially fed and conveyed in place by fiber laser under the condition of introducing protective gas, and preparing a cladding layer on the surface of the ground die, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 2.0 mm; the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 3.0KW, the diameter of a circular light spot is 5mm, the lap joint rate is 50%, and the scanning speed is 600 mm/min; the protective gas is argon; the powder feeding speed is 3.5g/s, and the powder feeding air flow is 8L/min.

Step 4, performing surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;

and 5, grinding the qualified cladding layer, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 1.5mm, and obtaining the repaired H13 steel die with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements.

As can be seen from the examples, the H13 steel die repaired by the method has good performance and can meet the relevant use requirements.

The upper and lower limit values and interval values of the process parameters (such as chemical component mass percentage, temperature, grinding amount, granularity and the like) of the invention can realize the invention, and the examples are not listed.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.