1. A method of extracting areas and frequencies of river dryout flow breakouts, the method comprising:

s1: acquiring an optical remote sensing image set of a target area within a specified time range;

s2: preprocessing each scene of remote sensing images in the optical remote sensing image set to obtain a multi-scene preprocessed image;

s3: for each scene preprocessing image, calculating the iNDWI value of each pixel of the scene preprocessing image, and adding the iNDWI value serving as a new waveband into the remote sensing image corresponding to the scene preprocessing image to obtain a multi-scene iNDWI image;

iNDWI＝(P_NIR-P_Green)/(P_NIR+P_Green)

wherein, P_NIRAnd P_GreenRespectively representing the reflectivity of a near infrared band and the reflectivity of a green band in the preprocessed image;

s4: in the same spatial pixel position, taking the pixel with the largest iNDWI value in all iNDWI images to obtain the largest iNDWI pixel of the spatial pixel position, and carrying out mosaic synthesis on the largest iNDWI pixels of all spatial pixel positions according to the spatial position to obtain a largest synthesized iNDWI image;

s5: setting an iNDWI threshold, and extracting all pixels higher than the iNDWI threshold in the maximum synthesized iNDWI image to obtain a river dry cutoff area;

s6: cutting each iNDWI image by using the river dry cutoff area to obtain a first image set, and synthesizing the first image set into an effective monitoring frequency image with a single wave band;

the band value of each spatial pixel position in the effective monitoring times image is the number of images of the first image set with effective pixels at the spatial pixel position;

s7: removing all pixels which are not higher than the iNDWI threshold value in each iNDWI image by using a mask method to obtain a second image set, and synthesizing the second image set into a dry outage frequency image with a single wave band;

the wave band value of each spatial pixel position in the dry outage frequency image is the number of images with effective pixels in the spatial pixel position of the second image set;

s8: and dividing the dry flow breaking frequency image by the effective monitoring frequency image to obtain a dry flow breaking frequency image.

2. The method for extracting areas and frequencies of river dryout flow break according to claim 1, wherein the target area is obtained by:

and generating a buffer area with a specified width as the target area based on the regional river course vector data.

3. The method of extracting river dry run-out flow break areas and frequencies of claim 2, wherein the pre-processing comprises radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, ortho correction, and demisting.

4. The method for extracting areas and frequencies of river dryout flow break of claim 3, wherein the step S5 further comprises:

and removing the influence of bridges, ships and Jiangxian continents from the river drying flow-breaking area.

5. An apparatus for extracting areas and frequencies of river dryout flow breakouts, the apparatus comprising:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring an optical remote sensing image set of a target area within a specified time range;

the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing each scene of remote sensing images in the optical remote sensing image set to obtain a multi-scene preprocessed image;

the iNDWI image acquisition module is used for calculating the iNDWI value of each pixel of each scene preprocessing image for each scene preprocessing image, and adding the iNDWI value as a new waveband into the remote sensing image corresponding to the scene preprocessing image to obtain a multi-scene iNDWI image;

iNDWI＝(P_NIR-P_Green)/(P_NIR+P_Green)

wherein, P_NIRAnd P_GreenRespectively representing the reflectivity of a near infrared band and the reflectivity of a green band in the preprocessed image;

the maximum synthesis iNDWI image acquisition module is used for acquiring a pixel with the maximum iNDWI value in all iNDWI images at the same spatial pixel position to obtain a maximum iNDWI pixel at the spatial pixel position, and performing mosaic synthesis on the maximum iNDWI pixels at all spatial pixel positions according to the spatial position to obtain a maximum synthesis iNDWI image;

the river dry flow-breaking area extracting module is used for setting an iNDWI threshold value, extracting all pixels higher than the iNDWI threshold value in the maximum synthesized iNDWI image, and obtaining a river dry flow-breaking area;

the effective monitoring frequency image acquisition module is used for cutting each iNDWI image by using the area where the river is dry and flows out to obtain a first image set, and synthesizing the first image set into an effective monitoring frequency image with a single wave band;

the band value of each spatial pixel position in the effective monitoring times image is the number of images of the first image set with effective pixels at the spatial pixel position;

the image acquisition module for the dry outage times is used for removing all pixels which are not higher than the iNDWI threshold value in each iNDWI image by using a mask method to obtain a second image set, and synthesizing the second image set into a dry outage times image with a single waveband;

the wave band value of each spatial pixel position in the dry outage frequency image is the number of images with effective pixels in the spatial pixel position of the second image set;

and the image acquisition module of the dry cutoff frequency is used for dividing the image of the dry cutoff frequency by the image of the effective monitoring frequency to obtain the image of the dry cutoff frequency.

6. The device for extracting areas and frequencies of river dryout flow break of claim 5, wherein the target area is obtained by:

and generating a buffer area with a specified width as the target area based on the regional river course vector data.

7. The apparatus for extracting river dry flow break regions and frequencies of claim 6, wherein the pre-processing comprises radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, ortho correction, and dehazing.

8. The apparatus for extracting a river dryout break zone and frequency as claimed in claim 7, wherein the river dryout break zone extraction module further comprises:

and removing the influence of bridges, ships and Jiangxian continents from the river drying flow-breaking area.

9. A computer readable storage medium for extracting river dryness cutout regions and frequencies, comprising a memory for storing processor executable instructions which, when executed by said processor, implement steps comprising the method of extracting river dryness cutout regions and frequencies of any of claims 1-4.

10. An apparatus for extracting river dryout break regions and frequencies, comprising at least one processor and a memory storing computer executable instructions which when executed by the processor implement the steps of the method of extracting river dryout break regions and frequencies of any one of claims 1 to 4.

Background

Water resources are essential for promoting sustainable development, support human life, maintain ecosystem balance, and play an irreplaceable role in ensuring economic development. Surface water, as a type of surface covering, is an important index of water resources and plays an important role in many aspects such as climate control, biogeochemical circulation, surface energy balance and the like. At present, due to climate change, unreasonable utilization of water resources and large-scale mining, a large number of river reach are dried and cut off, the connectivity of a water system is seriously damaged, and the ecological environment health is influenced. Therefore, the timely monitoring and finding of the river drying and flow-breaking is crucial to maintaining the natural environment health and the economic sustainable development.

The development of surface water research using satellite remote sensing began in 1970, and a number of related studies have subsequently emerged. Around 2000 years, along with the rapid development of remote sensing satellites, several effective surface Water coverage indexes, such as Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), have been proposed and widely used in surface Water resource distribution and change research. However, the current method of visual interpretation for extracting dry and cutoff of rivers by using an optical remote sensing satellite is time-consuming and labor-consuming, is easily interfered by subjective factors, and cannot be applied to large areas; in addition, in the prior art, images at a single moment can only be processed, and the situation of dry and flow interruption of the river at the corresponding moment is obtained, so that the region and the degree/frequency of the dry and flow interruption of the river in a certain period (such as the year, summer or winter) cannot be found.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method, a device, a medium and equipment for extracting a river drying and flow-breaking area and frequency, which can efficiently extract the river drying and flow-breaking area and the flow-breaking frequency in a long-time range and a large-space area and provide technical support for river evaluation, management, guarantee and restoration.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of extracting areas and frequencies of river dry out flow break, the method comprising:

s1: acquiring an optical remote sensing image set of a target area within a specified time range;

s2: preprocessing each scene of remote sensing images in the optical remote sensing image set to obtain a multi-scene preprocessed image;

s3: for each scene preprocessing image, calculating the iNDWI value of each pixel of the scene preprocessing image, and adding the iNDWI value serving as a new waveband into the remote sensing image corresponding to the scene preprocessing image to obtain a multi-scene iNDWI image;

iNDWI＝(P_NIR-P_Green)/(P_NIR+P_Green)

wherein, P_NIRAnd P_GreenRespectively representing the reflectivity of a near infrared band and the reflectivity of a green band in the preprocessed image;

s4: in the same spatial pixel position, taking the pixel with the largest iNDWI value in all iNDWI images to obtain the largest iNDWI pixel of the spatial pixel position, and carrying out mosaic synthesis on the largest iNDWI pixels of all spatial pixel positions according to the spatial position to obtain a largest synthesized iNDWI image;

s5: setting an iNDWI threshold, and extracting all pixels higher than the iNDWI threshold in the maximum synthesized iNDWI image to obtain a river dry cutoff area;

s6: cutting each iNDWI image by using the river dry cutoff area to obtain a first image set, and synthesizing the first image set into an effective monitoring frequency image with a single wave band;

the band value of each spatial pixel position in the effective monitoring times image is the number of images of the first image set with effective pixels at the spatial pixel position;

s7: removing all pixels which are not higher than the iNDWI threshold value in each iNDWI image by using a mask method to obtain a second image set, and synthesizing the second image set into a dry outage frequency image with a single wave band;

the wave band value of each spatial pixel position in the dry outage frequency image is the number of images with effective pixels in the spatial pixel position of the second image set;

s8: and dividing the dry flow breaking frequency image by the effective monitoring frequency image to obtain a dry flow breaking frequency image.

Further, the target area is obtained by:

and generating a buffer area with a specified width as the target area based on the regional river course vector data.

Further, the preprocessing comprises radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, orthometric correction, and cloud removal.

Further, the S5 further includes:

and removing the influence of bridges, ships and Jiangxian continents from the river drying flow-breaking area.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for extracting areas and frequencies of river dry out flow break, said apparatus comprising:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring an optical remote sensing image set of a target area within a specified time range;

the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing each scene of remote sensing images in the optical remote sensing image set to obtain a multi-scene preprocessed image;

the iNDWI image acquisition module is used for calculating the iNDWI value of each pixel of each scene preprocessing image for each scene preprocessing image, and adding the iNDWI value as a new waveband into the remote sensing image corresponding to the scene preprocessing image to obtain a multi-scene iNDWI image;

iNDWI＝(P_NIR-P_Green)/(P_NIR+P_Green)

wherein, P_NIRAnd P_GreenRespectively representing the reflectivity of a near infrared band and the reflectivity of a green band in the preprocessed image;

the maximum synthesis iNDWI image acquisition module is used for acquiring a pixel with the maximum iNDWI value in all iNDWI images at the same spatial pixel position to obtain a maximum iNDWI pixel at the spatial pixel position, and performing mosaic synthesis on the maximum iNDWI pixels at all spatial pixel positions according to the spatial position to obtain a maximum synthesis iNDWI image;

the river dry flow-breaking area extracting module is used for setting an iNDWI threshold value, extracting all pixels higher than the iNDWI threshold value in the maximum synthesized iNDWI image, and obtaining a river dry flow-breaking area;

the effective monitoring frequency image acquisition module is used for cutting each iNDWI image by using the area where the river is dry and flows out to obtain a first image set, and synthesizing the first image set into an effective monitoring frequency image with a single wave band;

the band value of each spatial pixel position in the effective monitoring times image is the number of images of the first image set with effective pixels at the spatial pixel position;

the image acquisition module for the dry outage times is used for removing all pixels which are not higher than the iNDWI threshold value in each iNDWI image by using a mask method to obtain a second image set, and synthesizing the second image set into a dry outage times image with a single waveband;

the wave band value of each spatial pixel position in the dry outage frequency image is the number of images with effective pixels in the spatial pixel position of the second image set;

and the image acquisition module of the dry cutoff frequency is used for dividing the image of the dry cutoff frequency by the image of the effective monitoring frequency to obtain the image of the dry cutoff frequency.

Further, the target area is obtained by the following process:

and generating a buffer area with a specified width as the target area based on the regional river course vector data.

Further, the preprocessing comprises radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, orthometric correction, and cloud removal.

Further, the river dry out flow break area extraction module further comprises:

and removing the influence of bridges, ships and Jiangxian continents from the river drying flow-breaking area.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium for extracting river dry run break regions and frequencies, comprising a memory for storing processor executable instructions which, when executed by said processor, implement the steps comprising the method of extracting river dry run break regions and frequencies as described in the first aspect above.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a device for extracting river dryout break regions and frequencies, comprising at least one processor and a memory storing computer executable instructions, the processor implementing the steps of the method for extracting river dryout break regions and frequencies as described in the first aspect above when executing the instructions.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the method for extracting the river dryout and flow-out areas and the frequency can be suitable for obtaining the high-efficiency river dryout and flow-out information in a long-time range and a large-space area. The invention utilizes the inverse normalized water body index and the remote sensing image maximum synthesis method, and overcomes the complex steps that the river range needs to be extracted independently for each image in the traditional method. In addition, the invention can rapidly obtain the frequency of occurrence of dry cutoff by counting the total number of the available images and the number of the images judged as non-water bodies on the same pixel position, thereby improving the efficiency of the area and the frequency of the dry cutoff of the river. The river dry-up flow-breaking region and the frequency extraction method established by the invention play an important role in reflecting regional river water resource reserve and periodic change and researching regional ecological environment bearing capacity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for extracting areas and frequencies of river dry flow interruption according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device for extracting the area and frequency of the river dry flow cutoff of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1:

the embodiment of the invention provides a method for extracting a river drying and flow-breaking area and frequency, and as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:

s1: and acquiring an optical remote sensing image set of the target area within the specified time range.

The step is to obtain a set of available remote sensing images in a target area in a target time period, and in actual implementation, all available remote sensing images can be obtained, or multiple periods of remote sensing images can be obtained every few days or every day.

The target area may be determined by:

and generating a buffer zone with a specified width (the radius of the buffer zone is equal to or larger than the width of the river) based on the river channel vector data in the zone, and taking the buffer zone as a target zone for judging the dry and flow cutoff of the river.

S2: and preprocessing each scene of remote sensing images in the optical remote sensing image set to obtain a multi-scene preprocessed image.

According to the level of the remote sensing image, operations such as radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, orthometric correction and cloud removal processing are carried out as required.

S3: and for each scene preprocessing image, calculating the iNDWI value of each pixel of the scene preprocessing image, and adding the iNDWI value serving as a new waveband into the remote sensing image corresponding to the scene preprocessing image to obtain a multi-scene iNDWI image.

iNDWI＝(P_NIR-P_Green)/(P_NIR+P_Green)

Wherein, P_NIRAnd P_GreenAre respectively provided withThe reflectivity of the near infrared band and the green band in the preprocessed image.

This step modifies the Normalized Water body Index (Normalized Difference Water Index, NDWI)) that has been maturely used in the surface Water extraction to form an inverse Normalized Water body Index (inversed Difference Water Index, iNDWI). And calculating the iNDWI value of each pixel of each scene preprocessing image, and adding the iNDWI value serving as a new waveband into the original remote sensing image to obtain the iNDWI image.

S4: and in the same spatial pixel position, taking the pixel with the largest iNDWI value in all iNDWI images to obtain the largest iNDWI pixel at the spatial pixel position, and carrying out mosaic synthesis on the largest iNDWI pixels at all spatial pixel positions according to the spatial position to obtain a largest synthesized iNDWI image.

In this step, a maximum synthesis method is used, the iNDWI image set obtained in S3 is embedded based on iNDWI, and the pixel with the maximum iNDWI value in all the iNDWI image sets is taken at the same spatial pixel position to obtain a single maximum synthesis iNDWI image, namely, the image containing the maximum river drying and flow breaking area.

S5: and setting an iNDWI threshold, and extracting all pixels higher than the iNDWI threshold in the maximum synthesized iNDWI image to obtain a river dry flow cutoff area.

The iindwi threshold may be determined by a threshold segmentation method such as an empirical method or the ohio method.

In the step, the influence of bridges, ships and river continents can be removed from the area where the river is dry and broken. The shape of the bridge is regular, the ship and the Jiangxian continent are positioned in the water body, and the bridge, the ship and the Jiangxian continent can be removed by utilizing the characteristics.

S6: and cutting each iNDWI image by using a river dry cutoff area to obtain a first image set, and synthesizing the first image set into an effective monitoring frequency image with a single wave band.

The band value of each spatial pixel position in the effective monitoring frequency image is the image number of the first image set with effective pixels at the spatial pixel position, and represents the effective monitoring frequency of the spatial pixel position.

S7: and removing all pixels which are not higher than the iNDWI threshold value in each iNDWI image by using a mask method, namely removing all pixels which are judged as water bodies to obtain a second image set, and synthesizing the second image set into a dry outage frequency image with a single wave band.

The band value of each spatial pixel position in the dry cutoff frequency image is the number of images of the second image set with effective pixels at the spatial pixel position, and represents the frequency of occurrence of dry cutoff.

S8: and dividing the image of the dry cutoff frequency by the image of the effective monitoring frequency to obtain an image of the dry cutoff frequency.

In the step, the image of the dry cutoff frequency is divided by the image of the effective monitoring frequency to obtain an image of the dry cutoff frequency, namely, on each pixel, the frequency of occurrence of dry cutoff/the effective monitoring frequency of the position is taken as a waveband value which represents the frequency of occurrence of dry cutoff on the pixel.

The method for extracting the river dryout and flow-out areas and the frequency can be suitable for obtaining the high-efficiency river dryout and flow-out information in a long-time range and a large-space area. The invention utilizes the inverse normalized water body index (iNDWI) and the remote sensing image maximum synthesis method to overcome the complex steps that the traditional method needs to extract the river range separately for each image. In addition, the invention can rapidly obtain the frequency of occurrence of dry cutoff by counting the total number of the available images and the number of the images judged as non-water bodies on the same pixel position, thereby improving the efficiency of the area and the frequency of the dry cutoff of the river. The river dry-up flow-breaking region and the frequency extraction method established by the invention play an important role in reflecting regional river water resource reserve and periodic change and researching regional ecological environment bearing capacity.

In order to facilitate the understanding and implementation of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described in detail below by using a Google Earth Engine cloud platform, taking the example of extracting the river dryout and cutoff region and frequency of the baoding city of china in summer (6 months to 9 months) in 2020 by using Sentinel-2 MSI Level-1C remote sensing images:

1. and based on the vector data of the river channels in the region, generating a buffer zone by taking 100 meters as a buffer radius, and taking the buffer zone as a target region for judging the dry and flow cutoff of rivers.

2. And obtaining an optical image set of the target area within the specified time range.

The step obtains all available Sentinel-2 MSI Level-1C image sets including 395 scene remote sensing images in the summer baoding city of 2020.

3. Preprocessing the remote sensing image;

according to the level of the remote sensing image, operations such as radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, orthometric correction and cloud removal are carried out as required.

In the step, a threshold value is set to be 10% through a CLOUD COVERAGE attribute CLOOUD _ COVERAGE _ ASSESSMENT carried by the Sentinel-2 remote sensing image, images with CLOUD COVERAGE attribute values higher than 10% are filtered, and the images are gathered to form a residual 26-scene preprocessed image.

4. The NDWI which is mature and applied in the aspect of surface Water extraction is modified to form an inverse normalized Water body Index (iNDWI), the iNDWI value of each pixel of each image in the preprocessed image is calculated, the iNDWI value is used as a new waveband, and the new waveband is added into the original remote sensing image corresponding to the preprocessed image to obtain an iNDWI image set. Wherein, the iNDVI calculation formula is as follows;

iNDWI＝(P_NIR-P_Green)/(P_NIR+P_Green)

in the formula, P_NIRAnd P_GreenRespectively representing the reflectivities of the near infrared band and the green band in the preprocessed image, P in the Sentinel-2 MSI Level-1C image_GreenCorresponding wave band is B3, P_NIRThe corresponding band is B8.

5. And embedding the iNDWI image set based on the iNDWI by using a maximum synthesis method, and taking the pixel with the maximum iNDWI value in all the iNDWI images at the same spatial pixel position to obtain a single maximum synthesized iNDWI image, namely the image containing the maximum river drying and flow breaking area.

6. For the maximum synthesized iNDWI image, the iNDWI threshold is set to 0.3008 by Otsu method, and all pixels higher than the set iNDWI threshold are extracted, which is the area of dry and cutoff of river.

7. The influence of bridges, ships, Jiangxizhou and the like on river dryout and flow cutoff areas is eliminated

8. And cutting the iNDWI image set by using a river dry cutoff area, and synthesizing the first image set obtained after cutting into an effective monitoring frequency image with a single wave band, wherein the wave band value of the image pixel is the image quantity of the first image set with effective pixels at the position and represents the effective monitoring frequency at the position.

9. And removing all pixels smaller than the iNDWI threshold value in the iNDWI image set by using a masking method, namely removing all pixels judged as a water body, synthesizing the obtained second image set into a dry cut-off frequency image with a single wave band, wherein the wave band value of the image pixel is the image quantity of the second image set with effective pixels at the position and represents the frequency of dry cut-off.

10. And dividing the image of the dry cutoff frequency with the image of the effective monitoring frequency to obtain an image of the dry cutoff frequency, namely taking the 'frequency of occurrence of dry cutoff/the effective monitoring frequency of the position' as a waveband value on each pixel and representing the frequency of occurrence of dry cutoff on the pixel.

Example 2:

the embodiment of the invention provides a device for extracting a river drying and flow-breaking area and frequency, and as shown in fig. 2, the device comprises:

and the data acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring an optical remote sensing image set of the target area within a specified time range.

And the preprocessing module 2 is used for preprocessing each scene of remote sensing images in the optical remote sensing image set to obtain a multi-scene preprocessed image.

And the iNDWI image acquisition module 3 is used for calculating the iNDWI value of each pixel of each scene preprocessing image for each scene preprocessing image, and adding the iNDWI value as a new waveband into the remote sensing image corresponding to the scene preprocessing image to obtain a multi-scene iNDWI image.

iNDWI＝(P_NIR-P_Green)/(P_NIR+P_Green)

Wherein, P_NIRAnd P_GreenThe reflectivities of the near infrared band and the green band in the preprocessed image are respectively.

The maximum synthesized inndwi image obtaining module 4 is configured to obtain, at the same spatial pixel position, a pixel with the maximum inndwi value in all the inndwi images, to obtain a maximum inndwi pixel at the spatial pixel position, and perform mosaic synthesis on the maximum inndwi pixels at all the spatial pixel positions according to the spatial position, to obtain a maximum synthesized inndwi image.

And the river dry flow-breaking area extraction module 5 is used for setting an iNDWI threshold value, extracting all pixels higher than the iNDWI threshold value in the maximum synthesized iNDWI image, and obtaining a river dry flow-breaking area.

And the effective monitoring frequency image acquisition module 6 is used for cutting each iNDWI image by using a river dry cutoff area to obtain a first image set, and synthesizing the first image set into an effective monitoring frequency image with a single wave band.

The band value of each spatial pixel position in the effective monitoring times image is the number of images of the first image set with effective pixels at the spatial pixel position.

And the image acquisition module 7 for the dry outage times is used for removing all pixels which are not higher than the iNDWI threshold value in each iNDWI image by using a mask method to obtain a second image set, and synthesizing the second image set into a dry outage times image with a single waveband.

The band value of each spatial pixel position in the dry outage number image is the number of images of the second image set having effective pixels at the spatial pixel position.

And the dry cutoff frequency image acquisition module 8 is used for dividing the dry cutoff frequency image by the effective monitoring frequency image to obtain a dry cutoff frequency image.

The invention can obtain the target area through the following processes:

and generating a buffer area with a specified width as a target area based on the regional river course vector data.

The preprocessing comprises radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, orthometric correction and cloud removal.

In one refinement of the present invention, the river dryout flow break zone extraction module further comprises:

and removing the influence of bridges, ships and Jiangxian continents from the river drying cutoff area.

The device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the method embodiment, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding content in the method embodiment 1 without reference to the device embodiment. It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the apparatus and the unit described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

Example 3:

the method of the embodiment 1 provided by the present invention can implement the service logic through a computer program and record the service logic on a storage medium, and the storage medium can be read and executed by a computer, so as to implement the effect of the solution described in the embodiment 1 of the present specification. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium for extracting river dry out cutout regions and frequencies, comprising a memory for storing processor executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the steps comprising the method of extracting river dry out cutout regions and frequencies of embodiment 1.

The storage medium may include a physical device for storing information, and typically, the information is digitized and then stored using an electrical, magnetic, or optical media. The storage medium may include: devices that store information using electrical energy, such as various types of memory, e.g., RAM, ROM, etc.; devices that store information using magnetic energy, such as hard disks, floppy disks, tapes, core memories, bubble memories, and usb disks; devices that store information optically, such as CDs or DVDs. Of course, there are other ways of storing media that can be read, such as quantum memory, graphene memory, and so forth.

The above description of the storage medium according to method embodiment 1 may also include other implementation manners, the implementation principle and the generated technical effect of this embodiment are the same as those of method embodiment 1, and reference may be specifically made to the description of related method embodiment 1, which is not repeated here.

Example 4:

the invention also provides a device for extracting the areas and frequencies of river dry-out flow break, which can be a single computer, and can also comprise an actual operating device and the like which use one or more of the methods or one or more of the embodiment devices of the specification. The apparatus for extracting the river dryness flow break region and frequency may comprise at least one processor and a memory storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of any one or more of the methods for extracting the river dryness flow break region and frequency as described in embodiment 1 above.

The above-mentioned device may also include other implementation manners according to the description of method embodiment 1, and the implementation principle and the generated technical effect of this embodiment are the same as those of method embodiment 1, and reference may be specifically made to the description of related method embodiment 1, which is not described in detail herein.

It should be noted that, the above-mentioned apparatus or system in this specification may also include other implementation manners according to the description of the related method embodiment, and a specific implementation manner may refer to the description of the method embodiment, which is not described herein in detail. The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program class, storage medium + program embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures are not necessarily required to be in the particular order shown or in sequential order to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.

The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a vehicle-mounted human-computer interaction device, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. Of course, when implementing one or more of the present description, the functions of each module may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware, or a module implementing the same function may be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may therefore be considered as a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method or apparatus that comprises the element.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, one or more embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, one or more embodiments of the present description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, one or more embodiments of the present description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

One or more embodiments of the present description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. One or more embodiments of the specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment. In the description of the specification, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its spirit and scope. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.