1. An air conditioning system for a vehicle, comprising:

the first heat exchanger comprises a liquid flow passage, and circulating liquid in the liquid flow passage can heat or cool air entering the vehicle;

the liquid return flow passage is connected with the liquid flow passage and is used for circulating the circulating liquid;

the refrigerating and heating structure is used for refrigerating and heating the circulating liquid in the liquid return flow passage;

the method is characterized in that:

the refrigeration heating structure includes:

the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating unit comprises a refrigerant circulating flow channel for circulating and flowing of refrigerant, wherein a second heat exchanger is arranged on the refrigerant circulating flow channel;

the waste heat heating unit comprises a cooling flow channel for circulating flow of a cooling medium, the cooling flow channel is used for radiating heat of a heat generating component of the vehicle, and a third heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling flow channel;

the liquid return flow channel penetrates through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, circulating liquid exchanges heat with a refrigerant at the second heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with a cooling medium at the third heat exchanger;

the refrigeration and heating structure also comprises a short-circuit flow passage which is arranged on the liquid return flow passage and is connected to two ends of the third heat exchanger in parallel;

the refrigeration and heating structure also comprises a control valve used for controlling the circulating liquid to flow to the short-circuit runner or the third heat exchanger.

2. The vehicular air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the liquid return flow passage is also connected with an electric heating unit in series, and the electric heating unit can heat the circulating liquid after flowing through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger.

3. The air conditioning system for vehicles as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cooling flow channel is provided with a radiator, and the radiator can radiate the cooling medium in the cooling flow channel.

4. The air conditioning system for vehicles as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cooling flow channel is provided with at least one of a driving motor heat exchanger, a controller heat exchanger and a battery heat exchanger, cooling media in the cooling flow channel can exchange heat with the cooling media of the driving motor in the driving motor heat exchanger, can exchange heat with the cooling media of the controller in the controller heat exchanger, and can exchange heat with the cooling media of the battery in the battery heat exchanger.

5. The air conditioning system for vehicles as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the inner diameter of a flow passage for circulating liquid to flow through in the third heat exchanger is smaller than that of a short-circuit flow passage, and/or the flow passage in the third heat exchanger extends in a bending mode, so that the resistance of the circulating liquid flowing through the third heat exchanger is larger than that of the circulating liquid flowing through the short-circuit flow passage, and the control valve is arranged on the short-circuit flow passage.

6. A cooling and heating method using the air conditioning system for vehicles of claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature of air blown into the vehicle is controlled by heating or cooling the circulating liquid in the liquid return flow channel;

in the refrigeration mode, cooling the circulating liquid in the liquid return flow channel by an air-conditioning refrigeration and heating unit;

in the heating mode, the circulating liquid in the liquid return channel is heated by at least one of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit;

when the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit are selected to heat the circulating liquid, the waste heat heating unit is preferentially selected to heat the circulating liquid.

7. A cooling and heating method according to claim 6, wherein: the liquid return flow passage is also provided with an electric heating unit, and when the circulating liquid is heated, the starting priority of the waste heat heating unit, the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit and the electric heating unit is sequentially reduced.

8. A cooling and heating method according to claim 7, wherein: the heating mode includes the following modes:

1) the temperature of the cooling medium in the cooling flow channel is higher than the optimal working temperature of the heating element, only the waste heat heating unit is started, and the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is higher than or equal to the set temperature in the mode;

2) the temperature of a cooling medium in the cooling flow channel is higher than the optimal working temperature of the heating element, the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit, after the operation mode 1), the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is lower than the set temperature, and the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit is started on the basis of the mode 1);

3) the temperature of a cooling medium in the cooling flow channel is less than or equal to the optimal working temperature of the heating element, the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit, only the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit is started, and the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is greater than or equal to the set temperature in the mode;

4) under the condition of the mode 2), only starting the waste heat heating unit and the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit cannot ensure that the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is greater than or equal to the set temperature, and starting the electric heating unit to heat the circulating liquid;

5) under the condition of the mode 1), only starting the waste heat heating unit cannot ensure that the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is greater than or equal to the set temperature, and starting the electric heating unit to heat the circulating liquid;

6) under the condition of the mode 3), only starting the waste heat heating unit cannot ensure that the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is greater than or equal to the set temperature, and starting the electric heating unit to heat the circulating liquid;

7) the temperature of a cooling medium in the cooling flow channel is less than or equal to the optimal working temperature of the heating element, the ambient temperature is less than the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit, and only the electric heating unit is started to heat the circulating liquid; the turn-on priorities of the modes 1) to 7) are sequentially lowered.

9. A cooling and heating method according to claim 8, wherein: the cooling flow channel is provided with a radiator, and in the mode 1), the radiator can radiate the cooling medium in the cooling flow channel.

10. A vehicle, including an automotive air conditioning system, characterized in that: the air conditioning system for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Background

Fig. 1 shows a vehicle air conditioning system in the prior art, which specifically includes a first heat exchanger 300 and a second heat exchanger 400, where the first heat exchanger 300 and the second heat exchanger 400 are connected in series. The first heat exchanger 300 is an evaporator, and is connected in series to a refrigerant pipe of the air-conditioning refrigeration system to cool air. The second heat exchanger 400 mainly functions to heat and raise the temperature of air, wherein the second heat exchanger 400 has modes of electric heating, water heating and the like, and utilizes electric heating or an external engine water system or a fuel oil (gas) heating mode. When in use, in a refrigeration mode, the fan 200 blows air to the first heat exchanger 300 through the air inlet mechanism 100 and finally to the vehicle interior through the air outlet mechanism 500; in the heating mode, the fan 200 blows air to the second heat exchanger 400 through the air inlet mechanism 100, and finally blows air to the vehicle through the air outlet mechanism 500.

The problem that prior art's on-vehicle air conditioning system exists is, first heat exchanger 300 and second heat exchanger 400's function singleness, and second heat exchanger 400 is idle during refrigeration, and first heat exchanger 300 is idle during heating, and for the narrow and small space in the car of air conditioner, the heat exchanger of air conditioner can not obtain make full use of.

For this reason, chinese utility model patent that the publication number is CN209541224U discloses a revolving crane sharing runner cooling and heating system of getting on bus, and it specifically includes middle heat exchanger, the heat exchanger of blowing, and the heat exchanger of blowing includes heat transfer core and fan, and the fan is bloied towards the heat transfer core. The intermediate heat exchanger is connected with the heat exchange core body of the blowing heat exchanger through a connecting pipeline, and circulating liquid flows in the connecting pipeline. The heating source and the refrigerating source are connected with the intermediate heat exchanger, and the heating source and the refrigerating source can heat and cool the circulating liquid in the connecting pipeline in the intermediate heat exchanger, so that the temperature of air blown into the vehicle is controlled.

Through heating and cooling to circulating liquid among the prior art, and cooperate the fan, only need be equipped with one and fan complex heat exchanger can use, but do not introduce heating source and refrigeration source among the prior art, generally, the refrigeration source can adopt the refrigerated mode of air conditioner, and the heating source still can adopt foretell various modes, including electrical heating, waste heat heating etc. however, present heating source is comparatively single, can't match according to actual conditions, can lead to the waste heat of vehicle can't effectively utilize, energy utilization is rateed lowly, perhaps be not enough to circulating liquid's heating degree, the hot blast temperature that leads to the air conditioner is lower, can't satisfy the operation requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a vehicle air conditioning system, which aims to solve the technical problems of low energy utilization rate and low hot air temperature caused by single heating source in the vehicle air conditioning system in the prior art; a refrigeration and heating method is also provided to ensure the hot air temperature of the air conditioner and improve the energy utilization rate; the utility model also provides a vehicle to improve the energy utilization ratio of whole car, guarantee the hot-blast temperature of air conditioner.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the air conditioning system for the vehicle is as follows: an air conditioning system for a vehicle, comprising:

the first heat exchanger comprises a liquid flow passage, and circulating liquid in the liquid flow passage can heat or cool air entering the vehicle;

the liquid return flow passage is connected with the liquid flow passage and is used for circulating the circulating liquid;

the refrigerating and heating structure is used for refrigerating and heating the circulating liquid in the liquid return flow passage;

the refrigeration heating structure includes:

the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating unit comprises a refrigerant circulating flow channel for circulating and flowing of refrigerant, wherein a second heat exchanger is arranged on the refrigerant circulating flow channel;

the waste heat heating unit comprises a cooling flow channel for circulating flow of a cooling medium, the cooling flow channel is used for radiating heat of a heat generating component of the vehicle, and a third heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling flow channel;

the liquid return flow channel penetrates through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, circulating liquid exchanges heat with a refrigerant at the second heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with a cooling medium at the third heat exchanger;

the refrigeration and heating structure also comprises a short-circuit flow passage which is arranged on the liquid return flow passage and is connected to two ends of the third heat exchanger in parallel;

the refrigeration and heating structure also comprises a control valve used for controlling the circulating liquid to flow to the short-circuit runner or the third heat exchanger.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the present invention is equipped with two heating sources: the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit are connected in series on the liquid return flow passage, and the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit can be controlled to be opened and closed. Whether the circulating liquid flows to the heat exchanger corresponding to the waste heat heating unit or not can be controlled through the control valve on the short-circuit runner. When the air conditioner is used, one or two of the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit are selected to be opened and closed according to the waste heat quantity of the vehicle and the hot air temperature requirement of the air conditioner, so that the waste heat of the vehicle can be effectively utilized, the energy utilization rate is improved, the heating source can be switched according to the actual working environment, and the hot air temperature is ensured.

Furthermore, an electric heating unit is connected to the liquid return channel in series, and the electric heating unit can heat the circulating liquid after flowing through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger. After the electric heating unit is arranged, the number of heating sources is increased, the optional scope is larger during actual use, and the hot air temperature can be further ensured to meet the use requirement.

Furthermore, a radiator is arranged on the cooling flow passage, and the radiator can radiate the cooling medium in the cooling flow passage. After the radiator is arranged, when the temperature of the cooling flow channel is higher and cannot be reduced to a set temperature through heat exchange with circulating liquid, the radiator can be opened to further dissipate heat, and the cooling flow channel can be guaranteed to effectively dissipate heat of a heating component.

Furthermore, at least one of the driving motor heat exchanger, the controller heat exchanger and the battery heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling flow channel, the cooling medium in the cooling flow channel can exchange heat with the cooling medium of the driving motor in the driving motor heat exchanger, can exchange heat with the cooling medium of the controller in the controller heat exchanger, and can exchange heat with the cooling medium of the battery in the battery heat exchanger. Through at least one of driving motor heat exchanger, controller heat exchanger and battery heat exchanger, can realize the heat transfer between the part that generates heat of coolant and vehicle, can in time take away the heat of the part that generates heat on the one hand, on the other hand also can be with heat transfer to the circulating liquid in, heats, effectively utilizes the harmful waste heat of vehicle.

Further, the inner diameter of a flow passage for circulating liquid to flow through in the third heat exchanger is smaller than the inner diameter of a short-circuit flow passage, and/or the flow passage in the third heat exchanger extends in a bending mode, so that the resistance of the circulating liquid flowing through the third heat exchanger is larger than that of the circulating liquid flowing through the short-circuit flow passage, and the control valve is arranged on the short-circuit flow passage. Because the flow resistance of the third heat exchanger is large, after the short-circuit runner is communicated, liquid can naturally flow to a place with smaller resistance, the use requirement can be met only by arranging the control valve on the short-circuit runner, and the third heat exchanger does not need to be opened or closed.

The technical scheme of the refrigeration and heating method of the invention is as follows: a cooling and heating method of a vehicle air conditioning system is characterized in that circulating liquid in a liquid return flow channel is heated or cooled, so that the temperature of air blown into a vehicle is controlled;

in the refrigeration mode, cooling the circulating liquid in the liquid return flow channel by an air-conditioning refrigeration and heating unit;

in the heating mode, the circulating liquid in the liquid return channel is heated by at least one of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit;

when the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit are selected to heat the circulating liquid, the waste heat heating unit is preferentially selected to heat the circulating liquid.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the present invention is equipped with two heating sources: the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit are connected in series on the liquid return flow passage, and the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit can be controlled to be opened and closed. Whether the circulating liquid flows to the heat exchanger corresponding to the waste heat heating unit or not can be controlled through the control valve on the short-circuit runner. When the air conditioner is used, one or two of the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit are selected to be opened and closed according to the waste heat quantity of the vehicle and the hot air temperature requirement of the air conditioner, and the waste heat heating unit is preferentially selected, so that the waste heat of the vehicle can be effectively utilized, the energy utilization rate is improved, the heating source can be switched according to the actual working environment, and the hot air temperature is ensured.

Furthermore, an electric heating unit is further arranged on the liquid return channel, and when the circulating liquid is heated, the starting priorities of the waste heat heating unit, the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit and the electric heating unit are sequentially reduced. After the electric heating unit is arranged, the number of heating sources is increased, the optional scope is larger during actual use, and the hot air temperature can be further ensured to meet the use requirement. Moreover, the energy utilization rate of the electric heating unit is low, and the electric heating unit is arranged at the last priority position, so that the energy utilization rate can be improved.

Further, the heating mode includes the following modes:

1) the temperature of the cooling medium in the cooling flow channel is higher than the optimal working temperature of the heating element, only the waste heat heating unit is started, and the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is higher than or equal to the set temperature in the mode;

2) the temperature of a cooling medium in the cooling flow channel is higher than the optimal working temperature of the heating element, the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit, after the operation mode 1), the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is lower than the set temperature, and the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit is started on the basis of the mode 1);

3) the temperature of a cooling medium in the cooling flow channel is less than or equal to the optimal working temperature of the heating element, the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit, only the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit is started, and the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is greater than or equal to the set temperature in the mode;

4) under the condition of the mode 2), only starting the waste heat heating unit and the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit cannot ensure that the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is greater than or equal to the set temperature, and starting the electric heating unit to heat the circulating liquid;

5) under the condition of the mode 1), only starting the waste heat heating unit cannot ensure that the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is greater than or equal to the set temperature, and starting the electric heating unit to heat the circulating liquid;

6) under the condition of the mode 3), only starting the waste heat heating unit cannot ensure that the heating temperature of the circulating liquid is greater than or equal to the set temperature, and starting the electric heating unit to heat the circulating liquid;

7) the temperature of a cooling medium in the cooling flow channel is less than or equal to the optimal working temperature of the heating element, the ambient temperature is less than the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit, and only the electric heating unit is started to heat the circulating liquid;

the turn-on priorities of the modes 1) to 7) are sequentially lowered.

The energy utilization efficiency of the modes 1) to 7) is gradually reduced, seven working modes are provided according to actual use scenes, and the energy utilization system is matched for use according to actual conditions during use and is more convenient.

Further, a radiator is arranged on the cooling flow passage, and in the mode 1), the radiator can radiate the cooling medium in the cooling flow passage.

After the radiator is arranged, when the temperature of the cooling flow channel is higher and cannot be reduced to a set temperature through heat exchange with circulating liquid, the radiator can be opened to further dissipate heat, and the cooling flow channel can be guaranteed to effectively dissipate heat of a heating component.

The technical scheme of the vehicle is as follows: a vehicle comprising a vehicle air conditioning system, the vehicle air conditioning system comprising:

the first heat exchanger comprises a liquid flow passage, and circulating liquid in the liquid flow passage can heat or cool air entering the vehicle;

the liquid return flow passage is connected with the liquid flow passage and is used for circulating the circulating liquid;

the refrigerating and heating structure is used for refrigerating and heating the circulating liquid in the liquid return flow passage;

the refrigeration heating structure includes:

the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating unit comprises a refrigerant circulating flow channel for circulating and flowing of refrigerant, wherein a second heat exchanger is arranged on the refrigerant circulating flow channel;

the waste heat heating unit comprises a cooling flow channel for circulating flow of a cooling medium, the cooling flow channel is used for radiating heat of a heat generating component of the vehicle, and a third heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling flow channel;

the liquid return flow channel penetrates through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, circulating liquid exchanges heat with a refrigerant at the second heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with a cooling medium at the third heat exchanger;

the refrigeration and heating structure also comprises a short-circuit flow passage which is arranged on the liquid return flow passage and is connected to two ends of the third heat exchanger in parallel;

the refrigeration and heating structure also comprises a control valve used for controlling the circulating liquid to flow to the short-circuit runner or the third heat exchanger.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the present invention is equipped with two heating sources: the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit are connected in series on the liquid return flow passage, and the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit can be controlled to be opened and closed. Whether the circulating liquid flows to the heat exchanger corresponding to the waste heat heating unit or not can be controlled through the control valve on the short-circuit runner. When the air conditioner is used, one or two of the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit and the waste heat heating unit are selected to be opened and closed according to the waste heat quantity of the vehicle and the hot air temperature requirement of the air conditioner, so that the waste heat of the vehicle can be effectively utilized, the energy utilization rate is improved, the heating source can be switched according to the actual working environment, and the hot air temperature is ensured.

Furthermore, an electric heating unit is connected to the liquid return channel in series, and the electric heating unit can heat the circulating liquid after flowing through the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger. After the electric heating unit is arranged, the number of heating sources is increased, the optional scope is larger during actual use, and the hot air temperature can be further ensured to meet the use requirement.

Furthermore, a radiator is arranged on the cooling flow passage, and the radiator can radiate the cooling medium in the cooling flow passage. After the radiator is arranged, when the temperature of the cooling flow channel is higher and cannot be reduced to a set temperature through heat exchange with circulating liquid, the radiator can be opened to further dissipate heat, and the cooling flow channel can be guaranteed to effectively dissipate heat of a heating component.

Furthermore, at least one of the driving motor heat exchanger, the controller heat exchanger and the battery heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling flow channel, the cooling medium in the cooling flow channel can exchange heat with the cooling medium of the driving motor in the driving motor heat exchanger, can exchange heat with the cooling medium of the controller in the controller heat exchanger, and can exchange heat with the cooling medium of the battery in the battery heat exchanger. Through at least one of driving motor heat exchanger, controller heat exchanger and battery heat exchanger, can realize the heat transfer between the part that generates heat of coolant and vehicle, can in time take away the heat of the part that generates heat on the one hand, on the other hand also can be with heat transfer to the circulating liquid in, heats, effectively utilizes the harmful waste heat of vehicle.

Further, the inner diameter of a flow passage for circulating liquid to flow through in the third heat exchanger is smaller than the inner diameter of a short-circuit flow passage, and/or the flow passage in the third heat exchanger extends in a bending mode, so that the resistance of the circulating liquid flowing through the third heat exchanger is larger than that of the circulating liquid flowing through the short-circuit flow passage, and the control valve is arranged on the short-circuit flow passage. Because the flow resistance of the third heat exchanger is large, after the short-circuit runner is communicated, liquid can naturally flow to a place with smaller resistance, the use requirement can be met only by arranging the control valve on the short-circuit runner, and the third heat exchanger does not need to be opened or closed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art air conditioning system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an air conditioning system for a vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a waste heat heating unit in embodiment 2 of the air conditioning system for a vehicle according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a waste heat heating unit in embodiment 3 of the air conditioning system for a vehicle according to the present invention;

description of reference numerals: 100-an air intake mechanism; 200-a fan; 300-a first heat exchanger; 400-a second heat exchanger; 500-air outlet mechanism;

1-a first heat exchanger; 2-a blower; 3-air intake mechanism; 4-air outlet mechanism; 5, an air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit; 6, a waste heat heating unit; 7-an electrical heating unit; 8-a compressor; 9-a reversing valve; 10-a condensing heat exchanger; 11-an electrically controlled expansion valve; 12-a second heat exchanger; 13-a second water pump; 14-drive motor heat exchanger; 15-electromagnetic on-off valve; 16-a heat sink; 17-a third heat exchanger; 18-connecting lines; 19-a first water pump; 20-short-circuit flow channel;

21-a third heat exchanger; 22-a cooling flow channel; 23-drive motor heat exchanger; 24-a controller heat exchanger;

25-a cooling flow channel; 26-a third heat exchanger; 27-drive motor heat exchanger; 28-controller heat exchanger.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

Embodiment 1 of the air conditioning system for a vehicle of the present invention:

as shown in fig. 2, the air conditioning system for a vehicle includes a first heat exchanger 1, and the first heat exchanger 1 is provided with a gas flow passage and a liquid flow passage, which are relatively independent and can transfer heat with each other. When the heat exchanger is used, the blower 2 is started, air enters the gas channel of the first heat exchanger 1 through the air inlet mechanism 3 and enters the vehicle through the air outlet mechanism 4, when the air flows in the gas channel, the air and circulating liquid in the liquid channel are subjected to heat exchange, and the circulating liquid heats or cools the air to heat or refrigerate the interior of the vehicle. The circulating liquid in this embodiment is an antifreeze.

In order to heat or cool the circulating liquid, a refrigerating and heating structure is provided in the invention, and specifically as shown in fig. 2, the circulating liquid refrigerating and heating structure includes an air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5, a waste heat heating unit 6 and an electric heating unit 7, and the principle of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit is consistent with that of the prior art.

The air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit comprises a refrigerant circulating flow channel, a compressor 8, a reversing valve 9, a condensing heat exchanger 10, an electric control expansion valve 11 and a second heat exchanger 12 are arranged on the refrigerant circulating flow channel, the second heat exchanger 12 is a plate heat exchanger, and the reversing valve 9 is a four-way valve and can control the flowing direction of a refrigerant. The refrigerant circulation channel has a refrigerant flow section in the second heat exchanger 12, and the second heat exchanger 12 further has a first antifreeze flow section relatively independent from the refrigerant flow section. The using process of the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit is the same as that of the air conditioner refrigerating and heating mode in the prior art, in the refrigerating mode, the condensing heat exchanger 10 is a condenser, the second heat exchanger 12 is an evaporator, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant output by the compressor 8 sequentially passes through the condensing heat exchanger 10, the electric control expansion valve 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 and then returns to the compressor 8, and the refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat when passing through the second heat exchanger 12, so that the antifreeze in the first antifreeze flowing section can be cooled. In the heating mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant output by the compressor 8 sequentially passes through the second heat exchanger 12, the electronic control expansion valve 11 and the condensing heat exchanger 10 and then returns to the compressor 8, and the refrigerant is condensed to release heat when passing through the second heat exchanger 12, so that the antifreeze can be heated.

The waste heat heating unit 6 comprises a cooling flow channel, and a second water pump 13, a driving motor heat exchanger 14, a radiator 16 and a third heat exchanger 17 are arranged on the cooling flow channel. In this embodiment, the cooling liquid in the cooling channel exchanges heat with the cooling antifreeze in the driving motor heat exchanger 14 to take away the heat generated by the driving motor.

The cooling channel is provided with a cooling liquid flowing section on the third heat exchanger 17, the third heat exchanger 17 is also provided with a second antifreeze flowing section, and the cooling liquid flowing section and the second antifreeze flowing section are independently arranged and can exchange heat. The radiator 16 includes a fan that is selectively turned on or off as needed. The second water pump 13 is capable of driving a circulation flow of the cooling liquid.

In this embodiment, the electric heating unit 7 heats the antifreeze solution by using an electric heating method, for example, a resistance wire is added to the connection pipeline, or an electromagnetic heating method is used. In the invention, a connecting pipeline 18 is used for sequentially connecting a first heat exchanger 1, a first antifreeze solution flowing section of a second heat exchanger 12, a second antifreeze solution flowing section of a third heat exchanger 17 and an electric heating unit 7, and a first water pump 19 is arranged on the connecting pipeline 18 and used for driving antifreeze solution to circularly flow.

As shown in fig. 2, a short-circuit flow passage 20 is further connected to the connecting line 18, two ends of the short-circuit flow passage 20 are connected to the connecting line 18 and located at two ends of the third heat exchanger 17, and an electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is disposed on the short-circuit flow passage 20 and can control on-off of the short-circuit flow passage 20. In practical use, in order to enhance the heat exchange degree in the heat exchanger, the pipe in the heat exchanger is usually curved or has a small inner diameter to slow down the flow velocity of the liquid, so that the local resistance of the liquid is large when the liquid flows through the heat exchanger. When the short-circuit flow passage 20 is communicated, the local resistance in the third heat exchanger 17 is far larger than that of the short-circuit flow passage 20, at the moment, more liquid flows downstream through the short-circuit flow passage 20, only a part of liquid or even no liquid flows to the third heat exchanger 17, and it can be considered that the short-circuit flow passage 20 is communicated to short-circuit the second antifreeze flowing section in the third heat exchanger 17.

In the invention, the refrigerating and heating structure only has the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5 for refrigerating, and the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5, the waste heat heating unit 6 and the electric heating unit 7 for heating, wherein the waste heat heating unit 6 utilizes heat released by vehicle parts when in use, only consumes electric energy of a water pump when in heating, and the energy utilization rate is higher; the energy utilization rate (the air-conditioning heating efficiency is more than 1) of the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 is more than that (the electric heating efficiency is less than 1) of the electric heating unit 7, and during use, on the premise of meeting the requirements of opening and heating temperature, the waste heat heating unit 6 is preferentially selected, then the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 is selected, and finally the electric heating unit 7 is selected.

The refrigerating and heating method in use of the invention is as follows:

first, refrigeration mode

The starting condition of the refrigeration mode is that the environment temperature is greater than or equal to the lowest starting temperature (set value) of the air conditioner compressor. After the starting condition is met, the first water pump 19 and the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5 are started, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is switched on, and the electric heating unit 7 is switched off. The refrigerant output by the compressor 8 passes through the reversing valve 9, the condensing heat exchanger 10, the electric control expansion valve 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 in sequence, and finally returns to the compressor 8 through the reversing valve 9. According to the conventional air-conditioning refrigeration principle, at the second heat exchanger 12, the refrigerant evaporates to absorb heat, exchanges heat with the antifreeze flowing through the second heat exchanger 12, absorbs the energy of the antifreeze, and reduces the temperature of the antifreeze. When the antifreeze liquid flows into the first heat exchanger 1, the temperature of a liquid flow passage in the first heat exchanger 1 is low, and the air blown to the vehicle by the blower 2 is cooled, so that cold air is blown to the vehicle to realize refrigeration.

Wherein, under the refrigeration mode, waste heat heating unit 6 has following two kinds of modes:

1) when the temperature of the cooling antifreeze solution in the driving motor is higher than the optimal working temperature of the driving motor, the second water pump 13 is started, the third heat exchanger 17 does not work due to the communication of the electromagnetic on-off valve 15, the radiator 16 works, and the driving motor exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the cooling flow channel to output a heat source to the outside.

2) When the temperature of the cooling antifreeze solution in the driving motor is less than or equal to the optimal working temperature of the driving motor, the second water pump 13 is closed, the third heat exchanger 17 does not work due to the communication of the electromagnetic on-off valve 15, the radiator 16 does not work, and the driving motor does not output a heat source to the outside.

Heating mode

Among the heating modes are the following modes (in order of priority for activation):

1) the driving motor operates, the temperature of the cooling antifreeze fluid flowing out of the driving motor is higher than the optimal working temperature of the driving motor, and the temperature of the cooling antifreeze fluid flowing in of the driving motor is lower than or equal to the optimal working temperature of the driving motor. The first water pump 19 is started, the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 does not work, the electric heating unit 7 does not work, the second water pump 13 is started, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is disconnected, the third heat exchanger 17 is started, the radiator 16 does not work, and the antifreeze is heated by the waste heat heating unit 6.

Because driving motor during operation need dispel the heat in order to protect driving motor, arrange first bit order with the mode that uses waste heat heating unit 6 alone, convert driving motor's harmful heat into profitable heat, under this kind of heating mode, except that the water pump need consume the energy, need not to drop into energy consumption again on heating.

2) The driving motor operates, the temperature of the cooling antifreeze fluid flowing out of the driving motor is higher than the optimal working temperature of the driving motor, and the temperature of the cooling antifreeze fluid flowing in of the driving motor is higher than the optimal working temperature of the driving motor. The first water pump 19 is started, the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 does not work, the electric heating unit 7 does not work, the second water pump 13 is started, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is disconnected, the third heat exchanger 17 is started, the radiator 16 works, the antifreeze solution is heated through the waste heat heating unit 6, and meanwhile, heat is dissipated through the radiator 16.

Mode 1) and mode 2), the temperature of the antifreeze flowing into the electric heating unit 7 is greater than or equal to the air-conditioning temperature value (set value for driver operation).

3) The driving motor operates, the ambient temperature is more than or equal to the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5, and the temperature of the cooling antifreeze fluid flowing out of the driving motor is more than the optimal working temperature of the driving motor. After the above mode 1) is operated, the temperature of the antifreeze flowing into the electric heating unit 7 is much lower than the air-conditioning temperature value (set value for driver operation, difference value is set value).

The first water pump 19 is started, the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 works, the electric heating unit 7 does not work, the second water pump 13 is started, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is disconnected, the third heat exchanger 17 is started, the radiator 16 does not work, and the antifreeze is heated through the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 and the waste heat heating unit 6.

In the heating mode, waste heat of the driving motor is fully utilized, and meanwhile, the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5 is used for efficiently heating to supplement heat energy, so that the heating requirement is met to the greatest extent, and the energy utilization optimization is realized.

4) The environment temperature is more than or equal to the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5, the temperature of the cooling antifreeze liquid flowing out of the driving motor is less than or equal to the optimal working temperature of the driving motor, the first water pump 19 is started, the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5 operates, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is switched on, the waste heat heating unit 6 does not operate, and the electric heating unit 7 does not operate.

5) After operating under the conditions of mode 3), the temperature of the antifreeze solution flowing into the electric heating unit 7 is still much lower than the air-conditioning temperature value (set value for driver operation, difference value is set value), and the present mode is operated. The first water pump 19 is started, the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 works, the electric heating unit 7 runs, the second water pump 13 is started, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is disconnected, the third heat exchanger 17 is started, the radiator 16 does not work, and the antifreeze is heated through the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5, the waste heat heating unit 6 and the electric heating unit 7.

6) Operating under the conditions of mode 1), the temperature of the antifreeze fluid flowing into the electric heating unit 7 is still much lower than the air-conditioning temperature value (set value for driver operation, difference value is set value), and the mode is operated. The first water pump 19 is started, the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 does not work, the electric heating unit 7 works, the second water pump 13 is started, the third heat exchanger 17 is started, and the radiator 16 does not work.

7) In mode 4), the temperature of the antifreeze solution flowing into the electric heating unit 7 is equal to or lower than the air-conditioning temperature value (set value for driver operation, difference value being set value), and this mode is operated. The first water pump 19 is started, the air-conditioning cooling and heating unit 5 is operated, the residual heat heating unit 6 is not operated, and the electric heating unit 7 is operated.

8) When the ambient temperature is lower than the starting temperature of the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5 and the temperature of the antifreeze coolant flowing out of the driving motor is lower than or equal to the optimal working temperature of the driving motor, the first water pump 19 is started, the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating unit 5 does not operate, the residual heat heating unit 6 does not operate, and the electric heating unit 7 operates.

The eight heating modes are ranked from high to low according to the energy utilization efficiency, and the energy can be maximally saved during heating. The turn-on priority at the time of a specific use is sequentially lowered.

In the mode 1) and the mode 2), the structures are the same except whether the radiator is opened or not, and in other embodiments, the radiator may be eliminated, and at this time, the mode 1) and the mode 2) are the same mode.

In this embodiment, the antifreeze forms a circulating liquid that can flow circularly, and in other embodiments, the circulating liquid may be changed according to actual conditions, for example, clear water is selected.

In this embodiment, the cooling medium flowing in the cooling flow channel is cooling liquid, and in other embodiments, the cooling medium may be gas.

In this embodiment, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 can control whether the circulating liquid flows to the third heat exchanger 17 or the short-circuit runner 20, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 forms a control valve, and in other embodiments, the third heat exchanger may also be provided with a control valve.

In this embodiment, the return liquid flow path is formed by the connecting pipeline 18 and the parts (the first antifreeze flow section and the second antifreeze flow section) of the second heat exchanger 12 and the third heat exchanger 17 connected to the connecting pipeline 18.

The electric heating unit is arranged in the embodiment, and when one or two of the waste heat heating unit and the air conditioner refrigerating and heating unit are both opened, the heating requirement cannot be met, and the heating can be carried out through the electric heating unit. In other embodiments, the electric heating unit may be eliminated when the air conditioning cooling and heating unit alone can meet the use requirement.

In other embodiments, the heat exchanger of the driving motor may be replaced by a heat exchanger of a controller or a heat exchanger of a battery pack or a heat exchanger of a fuel cell, etc.

In the present invention, the type of the heat exchanger can be changed according to the actual situation, for example, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a spiral plate heat exchanger is adopted.

Embodiment 2 of the air conditioning system for a vehicle of the present invention:

as shown in fig. 3, the difference from the above embodiment is that in the present embodiment, a third heat exchanger 21, a drive motor heat exchanger 23, and a controller heat exchanger 24 are connected in series to a cooling flow passage 22, and a cooling medium is sequentially subjected to heat exchange with the two heat exchangers to increase the temperature. Of course, in other embodiments, one or both of the drive motor heat exchanger and the controller heat exchanger may be replaced with a battery heat exchanger.

Embodiment 3 of the air conditioning system for a vehicle of the present invention:

as shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that a third heat exchanger 26 is connected in series to the cooling flow path 25, and a drive motor heat exchanger 27 and a controller heat exchanger 28 are connected in parallel to the cooling flow path 25. Of course, in other embodiments, one or both of the drive motor heat exchanger and the controller heat exchanger may be replaced with a battery heat exchanger.

It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the cooling channels all exchange heat with the heat exchanger to raise the temperature, and in other embodiments, the cooling channels may be directly connected to the cooling channels of the heat generating components, or the cooling channels may directly penetrate or be arranged beside the heat generating components.

The specific embodiment of the refrigeration and heating method of the present invention is the same as that in the above embodiments, and is not repeated herein.

In a specific embodiment of the vehicle of the present invention, the vehicle includes an air conditioning system for the vehicle, and the structure of the air conditioning system is the same as that in the above embodiment, which is not described herein again.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.