1. A plate chamfering device for a numerical control machine tool comprises a workbench (1), wherein supporting rods (4) are fixedly connected to four corners of the outer wall of the top of the workbench (1), a top outer wall of each supporting rod (4) is fixedly connected with a same top plate (5), supporting legs (2) are fixedly connected to four corners of the outer wall of the bottom of the workbench (1), non-slip mats are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the bottoms of the supporting legs (2), the plate chamfering device is characterized in that position adjusting mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the bottoms of the top plates (5) and the outer wall of the top of the workbench (1), a first electric push rod (9) is arranged at the bottom of each position adjusting mechanism at the top, a motor mounting plate (7) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the first electric push rod (9), and a rotating motor (11) is fixedly connected to the outer, be located the bottom position adjustment mechanism's top outer wall rotates and is provided with second electric putter (18), and the equal fixedly connected with chamfer of the output shaft circumference outer wall of second electric putter (18) and rotation motor (11) polishes head (17), the fixed telescopic machanism that is provided with of top outer wall of chamfer polished head (17), and telescopic machanism's top all is provided with inserted bar (20), one of them the top outer wall of inserted bar (20) is opened there is the spread groove, and the circumference inner wall equidistance of spread groove is opened has a plurality of draw-in grooves (15), another the bottom outer wall fixedly connected with connecting rod of inserted bar (20), and connecting rod and connecting groove looks adaptation, a plurality of fixture blocks of circumference outer wall fixedly connected with (21) of connecting rod, and fixture block (21) and draw-in groove (15) looks adaptation.

2. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic mechanism comprises a movable sleeve (16), two sliding grooves (23) are formed in the circumferential inner wall of the movable sleeve (16), a third sliding block (22) is slidably arranged on each of the inner walls of the two sliding grooves (23), and the outer wall of the opposite side of the third sliding block (22) is fixedly connected with the circumferential outer wall of the inserted link (20).

3. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the position adjusting mechanism comprises a first electric guide rail (8), a first slider (10) is slidably arranged on an outer wall of the first electric guide rail (8), a placing plate (13) is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the first slider (10), a second mounting groove is formed in an outer wall of the placing plate (13), a second electric guide rail (12) is fixedly connected to an inner wall of the second mounting groove on the opposite side, a second slider is slidably arranged on an outer wall of the second electric guide rail (12), and a first electric push rod mounting plate (14) is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the second slider.

4. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the outer wall of the top of the workbench (1) and the outer wall of the bottom of the top plate (5) are both provided with first mounting grooves, and the outer walls of two ends of the first electric guide rail (8) are fixedly connected with the inner walls of two ends of the first mounting grooves.

5. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a material presenting tray (19) is fixedly arranged on an outer wall of the telescoping mechanism, an arc-shaped groove is formed on an outer wall of a top of the material presenting tray (19), and a plurality of material presenting holes are formed on an inner wall of the arc-shaped groove and are honeycomb-shaped.

6. The chamfering device for the sheet material for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 5, wherein the outer wall of the circumference of the material presenting tray (19) is provided with an annular mounting groove, the inner wall of the bottom of the annular mounting groove is connected with a plurality of arc-shaped movable pieces (24) through torsion spring hinges, and an elastic cloth belt (25) is fixedly arranged between one inner wall and one outer wall of every two adjacent arc-shaped movable pieces (24).

7. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 6, wherein a rotating wheel mounting frame (27) is fixedly connected to an outer wall of one end of the arc-shaped movable plate (24), and the same rotating wheel (26) is rotatably connected to an outer wall of an opposite side of the rotating wheel mounting frame (27).

8. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein two clamping key mounting plates (3) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the workbench (1), and clamping keys (6) are fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the two clamping key mounting plates (3) on the opposite sides.

9. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the position adjusting mechanism at the bottom is replaced by a first slide rail (32), a fourth slide block (31) is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the first slide rail (32), a slide plate (30) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fourth slide block (31), a second slide rail (29) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the slide plate (30), a fifth slide block is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the second slide rail (29), a second electric push rod mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fifth slide block, and two connecting frames (28) are fixedly connected between the circumferential outer wall of the second electric push rod mounting plate and the circumferential outer wall of the first electric push rod mounting plate (14).

Background

The numerical control machine tool is a digital control machine tool for short, and is an automatic machine tool provided with a program control system. The control system is capable of logically processing and decoding a program defined by a control code or other symbolic instructions, represented by coded numbers, which are input to the numerical control device via the information carrier. After operation, the numerical control device sends out various control signals to control the action of the machine tool, and the parts are automatically machined according to the shape and the size required by the drawing.

When the digit control machine tool used, can carry out the chamfer to panel, prevent that barb after its processing was accomplished from leading to the fact the influence to the user, and simultaneously, also need carry out the chamfer to the through-hole on the panel, the both ends of through-hole all need the chamfer, at present, panel chamfer device for current digit control machine tool, when carrying out the chamfer to the through-hole on the panel, once can only carry out the chamfer to the one end of through-hole, then need overturn to panel, carry out the secondary chamfer, the work efficiency of this kind of working method can greatly reduced device, increase staff's work load simultaneously, therefore, need to design a panel chamfer device for digit control machine tool to solve above-mentioned problem urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problem that two ends of a through hole cannot be chamfered simultaneously by a plate chamfering device for a numerical control machine tool, the invention provides the plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool.

The invention provides a plate chamfering device for a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a workbench, wherein supporting rods are fixedly connected at four corners of the outer wall of the top of the workbench, the outer wall of the top of each supporting rod is fixedly connected with a top plate, supporting legs are fixedly connected at four corners of the outer wall of the bottom of the workbench, anti-skidding pads are fixedly connected with the outer walls of the bottoms of the supporting legs, position adjusting mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the bottoms of the top plates and the outer wall of the top of the workbench, a first electric push rod is arranged at the bottom of each position adjusting mechanism at the top, a motor mounting plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the bottom of the motor mounting plate, a rotating motor is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the bottom of each position adjusting mechanism at the bottom, a second electric push rod is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the top of each position adjusting mechanism at the bottom, and chamfering polishing heads are fixedly connected with the outer walls of the tops of the top of the second electric push rods and the output shafts of the rotating motors, the fixed telescopic machanism that is provided with of top outer wall of head is polished to the chamfer, and telescopic machanism's top all is provided with the inserted bar, one of them the top outer wall of inserted bar is opened there is the spread groove, and the circumference inner wall equidistance of spread groove is opened has a plurality of draw-in grooves, another the bottom outer wall fixedly connected with connecting rod of inserted bar, and connecting rod and connecting groove looks adaptation, a plurality of fixture blocks of circumference outer wall fixedly connected with of connecting rod, and fixture block and draw-in groove looks adaptation.

Preferably, telescopic machanism includes movable sleeve, and movable sleeve's circumference inner wall is opened has two spouts, two the inner wall of spout all slides and is provided with the third slider, and the circumference outer wall fixed connection of the relative one side outer wall of third slider and inserted bar.

Preferably, the position adjusting mechanism comprises a first electric guide rail, a first sliding block is arranged on the outer wall of the first electric guide rail in a sliding mode, a placing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first sliding block, a second mounting groove is formed in the outer wall of the placing plate, a second electric guide rail is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the opposite side of the second mounting groove, a second sliding block is arranged on the outer wall of the second electric guide rail in a sliding mode, and a first electric push rod mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second sliding block.

Preferably, the top outer wall of workstation and the bottom outer wall of roof all open and have first mounting groove, and the both ends outer wall of the both ends of first electronic guide rail and the both ends inner wall fixed connection of first mounting groove.

Preferably, telescopic machanism's outer wall is fixed to be provided with and is the charging tray, and the top outer wall that is the charging tray is opened there is the arc recess, and the inner wall of arc recess is opened has a plurality of and is the material hole, and it is the honeycomb briquette form to be the material hole.

Preferably, the circumference outer wall that is the charging tray is opened there is the annular mounting groove, and the bottom inner wall of annular mounting groove has a plurality of arc movable pieces through torsional spring hinged joint, fixes being provided with the elasticity strap between one side inner wall and one side outer wall of per two adjacent arc movable pieces.

Preferably, the outer wall of one end of the arc-shaped movable piece is fixedly connected with a rotating wheel mounting frame, and the outer wall of the opposite side of the rotating wheel mounting frame is rotatably connected with the same rotating wheel.

Preferably, the top outer wall fixedly connected with of workstation has two centre gripping key mounting panels, and the relative one side outer wall of two centre gripping key mounting panels all fixedly is provided with the centre gripping key.

Preferably, the position adjusting mechanism located at the bottom is replaced by a first slide rail, a fourth slide block is arranged on the outer wall of the first slide rail in a sliding mode, a sliding plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fourth slide block, a second slide rail is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the sliding plate, a fifth slide block is arranged on the outer wall of the second slide rail in a sliding mode, a second electric push rod mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fifth slide block, and two connecting frames are fixedly connected between the circumferential outer wall of the second electric push rod mounting plate and the circumferential outer wall of the first electric push rod mounting plate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a plate chamfering device for a numerical control machine tool, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. the plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool is characterized in that a rotating motor, a sliding groove, a third sliding block, an inserting rod, a clamping groove, a clamping block, a first electric push rod and a second electric push rod are arranged, when a through hole of a plate is chamfered, the plate is firstly installed on a clamping key to be clamped, the first electric push rod drives a chamfering head to move downwards so as to drive the inserting rod to move downwards, a connecting rod at the top part moves downwards to be inserted into a connecting groove at the bottom part, the clamping block is inserted into the clamping groove at the moment, the rotating motor is started to drive the chamfering head at the top part and the chamfering head at the bottom part to rotate simultaneously, the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod drive the third sliding block to move in the sliding groove, two chamfering heads move oppositely, the purpose of chamfering at two ends of the through hole on the plate simultaneously is achieved, the plate is prevented from being rotated by a worker, chamfering is carried out again, the labor capacity of workers is reduced, and the chamfering efficiency of the device is increased.

2. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool comprises a material disc, a material hole, an annular mounting groove, an arc-shaped movable sheet, a torsional spring hinge, an elastic cloth belt and a rotating wheel, wherein a large amount of scraps are generated in the chamfering process, the scraps can be distributed in a spark form due to high-speed rotation of a chamfering and polishing head, and can be rapidly condensed after the sparks are scattered in through holes of the plate, so that the through holes on the plate are unsmooth, the scraps need to be polished again in the later period, the labor cost is increased, when polishing is carried out, the rotating motor drives two telescopic mechanisms to rotate, so that the two material discs are driven to rotate, when the rotating motor rotates at a high speed, the arc-shaped movable sheet can be outwards opened under the action of centrifugal force, the rotating wheel on the arc-shaped movable sheet is in contact with the through holes on the plate, the friction force during rotation is reduced, and meanwhile, the elastic cloth between the arc-shaped movable sheets is opened, form a circular between a plurality of elasticity cloths, plug up the through-hole, avoid the mars to fall into inside the through-hole, the honeycomb briquette form simultaneously is the material hole, makes the mars fall and is being the downthehole back of material, is difficult for popping out, reaches the purpose of protecting the through-hole inner wall, has increased the suitability of device, can protect the through-hole of multiple different specifications, has avoided carrying out the secondary to the through-hole and has polished, increases the processing cost.

3. The plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool is characterized in that a first electric guide rail, a second electric guide rail, a first slide block, a second slide block, a first slide rail, a second slide rail, a fourth slide block and a fifth slide block are arranged, before polishing, the plate is arranged on the clamping key, the first slide block is driven to move by the first electric guide rail on the top, the second slide block is driven to move by the second electric guide rail, so that the first electric push rod mounting plate is driven to move, the position of the chamfer polishing head is adjusted to be right above the through hole of the plate, a connecting frame is connected between the first electric push rod mounting plate and the second electric push rod mounting plate, thereby when the first electric putter mounting panel at top removed, can drive the second electric putter mounting panel of bottom and remove, reach and carry out position control's purpose to the chamfer head of polishing, guarantee simultaneously that two chamfers head of polishing can keep on same vertical line constantly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a plate chamfering device for a numerical control machine tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first electric guide rail and a second electric guide rail of a sheet chamfering device for a numerical control machine tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a structure at the position A of the plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool, which is provided by the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable sleeve and an inserted link of a chamfering device for a sheet material for a numerical control machine tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a material presenting tray of the chamfering device for plates for a numerical control machine tool, which is provided by the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotating wheel and an elastic cloth belt of the plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool provided by the invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first slide rail and a second slide rail according to a second embodiment of the chamfering device for a sheet material for a numerical control machine tool of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-workbench, 2-supporting legs, 3-clamping key mounting plate, 4-supporting rods, 5-top plate, 6-clamping key, 7-motor mounting plate, 8-first electric guide rail, 9-first electric push rod, 10-first slide block, 11-rotating motor, 12-second electric guide rail, 13-placing plate, 14-first electric push rod mounting plate, 15-clamping groove, 16-movable sleeve, 17-chamfer polishing head, 18-second electric push rod, 19-material presenting plate, 20-insertion rod, 21-clamping block, 22-third slide block, 23-sliding groove, 24-arc movable sheet, 25-elastic cloth belt, 26-rotating wheel, 27-rotating wheel mounting frame, 28-connecting frame, 29-second sliding rail, 30-sliding plate, 31-fourth sliding block, 32-first sliding rail.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-6, a plate chamfering device for a numerical control machine tool comprises a workbench 1, wherein four corners of the outer wall of the top of the workbench 1 are respectively connected with a support rod 4 through a bolt, the outer wall of the top of the support rod 4 is connected with a same top plate 5 through a bolt, four corners of the outer wall of the bottom of the workbench 1 are respectively connected with support legs 2 through bolts, the outer wall of the bottom of the support legs 2 is respectively connected with a non-slip mat through bolts, the outer wall of the bottom of the top plate 5 and the outer wall of the top of the workbench 1 are respectively and fixedly provided with a position adjusting mechanism, the bottom of the position adjusting mechanism at the top is provided with a first electric push rod 9, the outer wall of the bottom of the first electric push rod 9 is connected with a motor mounting plate 7 through a bolt, the outer wall of the bottom of the motor mounting plate 7 is connected with a rotating motor 11 through a bolt, and the outer wall of the top of the position adjusting mechanism at the bottom is rotatably provided with a second electric push rod 18, and the outer wall of the top of the second electric push rod 18 and the outer wall of the circumference of the output shaft of the rotating motor 11 are both connected with a chamfer polishing head 17 through bolts, the outer wall of the top of the chamfer polishing head 17 is fixedly provided with a telescopic mechanism, the top of the telescopic mechanism is provided with an inserting rod 20, the outer wall of the top of one inserting rod 20 is provided with a connecting groove, the inner wall of the circumference of the connecting groove is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 15 at equal intervals, the outer wall of the bottom of the other inserting rod 20 is connected with a connecting rod through bolts, the connecting rod is matched with the connecting groove, the outer wall of the circumference of the connecting rod is connected with a plurality of clamping blocks 21 through bolts, and the clamping blocks 21 are matched with the clamping grooves 15.

The telescopic mechanism comprises a movable sleeve 16, two sliding grooves 23 are arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the movable sleeve 16, third sliding blocks 22 are arranged on the inner walls of the two sliding grooves 23 in a sliding manner, and the outer wall of the opposite side of the third slider 22 is connected with the circumferential outer wall of the insert rod 20 by bolts, the position adjusting mechanism comprises a first electric guide rail 8, and the outer wall of the first electric guide rail 8 is provided with a first slide block 10 in a sliding way, the outer wall of the first slide block 10 is connected with a placing plate 13 through a bolt, the outer wall of the placing plate 13 is provided with a second mounting groove, and the inner wall of the opposite side of the second mounting groove is connected with a second electric guide rail 12 through a bolt, the outer wall of the second electric guide rail 12 is provided with a second slide block in a sliding way, the outer wall of the second slide block is connected with a first electric push rod mounting plate 14 through a bolt, the outer wall of the top of the workbench 1 and the outer wall of the bottom of the top plate 5 are both provided with first mounting grooves, and the outer walls of the two ends of the first electric guide rail 8 are connected with the inner walls of the two ends of the first mounting groove through bolts. Through the third sliding block 22 and the sliding groove 23, the movable sleeve 16 can stretch and retract while rotating, so that the chamfering head 17 can chamfer the through hole on the plate conveniently; the front and back positions of the first electric push rod mounting plate 14 are adjusted through the first electric guide rail 8 and the first sliding block 10, and the left and right positions of the first electric push rod mounting plate 14 are adjusted through the second electric guide rail 12 and the second sliding block; the position adjustment mechanism is installed in the first installation groove.

Telescopic machanism's outer wall is fixed to be provided with and is charging tray 19, and the top outer wall that is charging tray 19 is opened there is the arc recess, the inner wall of arc recess is opened has a plurality of holes that are of being, it is the honeycomb briquette form to be the material hole, the circumference outer wall that is charging tray 19 is opened there is the annular mounting groove, and the bottom inner wall of annular mounting groove has a plurality of arc movable pieces 24 through torsional spring hinged joint, the fixed elasticity strap 25 that is provided with between one side inner wall and one side outer wall of every two adjacent arc movable pieces 24, the one end outer wall of arc movable piece 24 has rotation wheel mounting bracket 27 through bolted connection, and the relative one side outer wall rotation of rotating wheel mounting bracket 27 is connected with same rotation wheel 26. The honeycomb briquette-shaped material holes ensure that sparks are not easy to pop out after falling into the material holes; when the arc-shaped movable pieces 24 rotate, the elastic cloth 25 among the arc-shaped movable pieces 24 is opened, a circle is formed among the elastic cloth 25, the through hole is blocked, and sparks are prevented from falling into the through hole; the rotating wheel 26 contacts with the through hole on the plate to reduce the friction force during rotation.

The top outer wall of the workbench 1 is connected with two clamping key mounting plates 3 through bolts, the outer wall of one side of the two clamping key mounting plates 3 opposite to each other is fixedly provided with a clamping key 6, and plates needing chamfering are stably clamped through the clamping keys 6.

The working principle is as follows: when chamfering is carried out on the through hole of the plate, the plate is firstly installed on the clamping key 6 to be clamped, the positions of the upper and lower chamfering grinding heads 17 are adjusted by the position adjusting mechanism, then the first electric push rod 9 drives the chamfering grinding heads 17 to move downwards so as to drive the insertion rod 20 to move downwards, the connecting rod at the top part moves downwards to be inserted into the connecting groove at the bottom part, at the moment, the fixture block 21 is inserted into the clamping groove 15, the rotating motor 11 is turned on to drive the chamfering grinding heads 17 at the top part and the chamfering grinding heads 17 at the bottom part to rotate simultaneously, the first electric push rod 9 and the second electric push rod 18 drive the third slide block 22 to move in the sliding groove 23 so as to cause the two chamfering grinding heads 17 to move oppositely, the purpose of chamfering simultaneously carried out on the two ends of the through hole on the plate is achieved, the phenomenon that a worker rotates the plate and chamfers again is avoided, the labor capacity of the worker is reduced, and the chamfering efficiency of the device is increased, in the process of chamfering, a large amount of scraps are generated, the scraps are emitted in a spark form due to the high-speed rotation of the chamfering polishing head 17, when sparks are scattered in through holes of the plate, the sparks are rapidly condensed to cause unsmooth through holes on the plate, the through holes need to be polished again in the later period, the labor cost is increased, when the scraps are polished, the rotating motor 11 drives the two telescopic mechanisms to rotate, so as to drive the two material presenting discs 19 to rotate, when the rotating motor 11 rotates at high speed, the arc-shaped movable sheets 24 are outwards opened under the action of centrifugal force, the rotating wheels 26 on the arc-shaped movable sheets are contacted with the through holes on the plate, the friction force during rotation is reduced, meanwhile, the elastic cloth 25 between the arc-shaped movable sheets 24 is opened, a circle is formed among the elastic cloth 25, the through holes are blocked, the sparks are prevented from falling into the through holes, and meanwhile, the honeycomb-shaped material presenting holes are formed, make the mars fall and be the material downthehole back, be difficult for popping out, reach the purpose of carrying out the protection to the through-hole inner wall, increased the suitability of device, can protect the through-hole of multiple different specifications, avoided polishing the through-hole twice, increase the processing cost.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, in the plate chamfering device for the numerical control machine tool, a position adjusting mechanism located at the bottom is replaced by a first slide rail 32, a fourth slide block 31 is slidably disposed on the outer wall of the first slide rail 32, a slide plate 30 is connected to the outer wall of the fourth slide block 31 through a bolt, a second slide rail 29 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the slide plate 30, a fifth slide block is slidably disposed on the outer wall of the second slide rail 29, a second electric push rod mounting plate is connected to the outer wall of the fifth slide block through a bolt, and two connecting frames 28 are connected between the circumferential outer wall of the second electric push rod mounting plate and the circumferential outer wall of the first electric push rod mounting plate 14 through bolts.

The working principle is as follows: before polishing, install panel on centre gripping key 6, first electronic guide rail 8 through the top drives first slider 10 and removes, second electronic guide rail 12 drives the second slider and removes, thereby it removes to drive first electric putter mounting panel 14, adjust the position of chamfer head 17, make it just to being directly over the panel through-hole, be connected with link 28 between first electric putter mounting panel 14 and the second electric putter mounting panel simultaneously, when the first electric putter mounting panel 14 at top removed, can drive the second electric putter mounting panel of bottom and remove, reach the purpose that carries out position adjustment to chamfer head 17, guarantee simultaneously that two chamfer heads 17 can keep constantly on same vertical line.

The control mode of the invention is automatically controlled by the controller, the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming of a person skilled in the art, the supply of the power supply also belongs to the common knowledge in the field, and the invention is mainly used for protecting mechanical devices, so the control mode and the circuit connection are not explained in detail in the invention.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.