1. A multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for precambrian basement Damara strata is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring multi-source satellite remote sensing data and DEM elevation data;

step two, preprocessing the multisource satellite remote sensing data acquired in the step one to acquire preprocessed ASTER and Quickbird remote sensing data;

step three, carrying out false color synthesis and three-dimensional image generation on ASTER remote sensing data of the multi-source satellite remote sensing data preprocessed in the step two;

fourthly, performing true color fusion processing on the Quickbird remote sensing data of the multi-source satellite remote sensing data preprocessed in the second step;

step five, collecting and performing spectral measurement on a main stratum rock sample;

performing spectrum pretreatment and diagnosis mark identification on the main formation rock sample to obtain the wavelength of a spectrum diagnosis absorption peak of the main formation rock sample;

constructing a sweat group stratum remote sensing map identification mark;

step eight, constructing a roxine group stratum remote sensing map identification mark;

constructing a Chusi group stratum remote sensing map identification mark;

step ten, constructing a Charpy stratum remote sensing map identification mark;

and step eleven, identifying the main strata of the precambrian basal dammara rock system.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the multi-source satellite remote sensing data in the first step comprise multi-source satellite remote sensing data including ASTER satellite remote sensing data and Quickbird satellite remote sensing data; the ASTER satellite remote sensing data is data with the highest spatial resolution of 15 meters and 15 visible-short wave-thermal infrared spectral bands, and the Quickbird satellite remote sensing data is data with the highest spatial resolution of 0.61 meters and 5 visible-near infrared spectral bands; the DEM elevation data is digital elevation model data with the spatial resolution of 30 meters.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and the radiation correction, the geometric correction, the data mosaic and the image enhancement are preprocessed in the second step.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and the radiation correction in the second step is completed by adopting a radiation regression analysis method, the geometric correction is completed by adopting a polynomial correction method, the data embedding is completed by adopting an embedding method based on geographic coordinates, and the image enhancement is completed by adopting a histogram matching method.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the method comprises the following steps of: carrying out red, green and blue color transformation on the eighth waveband of the ASTER remote sensing data, the sixth waveband of the ASTER remote sensing data and the first waveband of the ASTER remote sensing data preprocessed in the second step, and forming a false color image through contrast stretching; the three-dimensional image generation method of the ASTER remote sensing data comprises the following specific steps of: and (3) taking the false color synthetic image as plane data, taking DEM elevation data acquired in the step one as Z-axis data, and generating an ASTER false color three-dimensional image based on a three-dimensional geological modeling method-a trend surface model method.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the fourth step of true color fusion processing specifically comprises the following steps: performing red, green and blue color transformation on the third, second and first 3 wave bands of the Quickbird remote sensing data preprocessed in the second step, and forming true color data through contrast stretching; and fusing the synthesized QuickBird true color data and the synthesized QuickBird remote sensing data panchromatic wave band based on a principal component transformation method to obtain a QuickBird true color fused image.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and fifthly, collecting main stratum rock samples in the precambrian basement dammara rock system working area, recording point position coordinates of longitude and latitude formats of sample collection places by adopting a GPS, and adopting a visible-short wave ground spectrum measuring instrument for spectrum measurement.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and preprocessing in the sixth step comprises baseline correction, filling zero and envelope removal, and diagnostic feature identification adopts a continuum removal method and a spectral absorption feature analysis method to obtain the wavelength position corresponding to the spectral diagnostic absorption peak of the rock of the main stratum of the precambrian basement dammara system.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the concrete steps of the eleventh step are as follows: and (4) projecting the GPS point location coordinates acquired by the primary stratum rock sample of the precambrian basement Damara rock system acquired in the fifth step onto the ASTER false color three-dimensional image acquired in the third step and the Quickbird true color fusion image acquired in the fourth step, and identifying and outlining a primary stratum distribution range corresponding to the sample acquisition point location by using a red line on the ASTER false color three-dimensional image and the Quickbird true color fusion image by combining the primary stratum remote sensing map identification marks respectively constructed in the seventh step, the eighth step, the ninth step and the tenth step, and identifying the distribution range of the primary stratum of the precambrian basement Dammar rock system in the whole area by using the range as an identification sample.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the eleventh step, a manual interpretation method is adopted to identify and draw out a main stratum distribution range corresponding to a sample acquisition point position on the ASTER false color three-dimensional image and the Quickbird true color fusion image by using a red line; and identifying the distribution range of the main strata of the precambrian basement Dammar rock system in the whole region by adopting a supervision classification method-minimum distance method.

Background

The dammara mountaineering zone goes through four evolution stages of opening and closing of a valley, strong mountaineering movement of the four stages forms a highly metamorphic precambrian basement dammara rock system, and metamorphic rock stratum units of the dammara basement include ancient ababis (metamorphic miscellaneous rock), new ancient norsbaub and swakopp. The norxibu group includes the epstein group and the sweatband group, and the swakopu group includes the roxen group, the chusi group, the caribbe group, and the cusubu group. Wherein, the stratums of the perspirant group, the Roxin group, the Chusi group and the Kariti group are closely related to mineral deposits (spots) such as uranium, gold, copper, marble and the like produced in the area. Therefore, the method has important significance for identifying the main strata of the precambrian basement dammara rock system related to various mineral products in the analysis area, analyzing the structural evolution in the analysis area, endowing the sedimentary metamorphic environments of the mineral strata and guiding the exploration and development of the mineral products.

Nowadays, the technical method for identifying the stratum of different times is mainly a conventional geological method (such as a petrology method, a mineralogy method, a field actual measurement method and the like), the method plays an important role in identifying the stratum of different times in the field, but the method has high manual and economic cost, long period and limited identification range, is not beneficial to large-scale popularization and use, and particularly needs to pay higher cost for a working area with a severe natural and traffic environment. With the continuous enrichment of remote sensing data types and the continuous improvement of data resolution, the identification of different generations of strata by applying a multi-source remote sensing technology becomes possible. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for the precambrian basement dammara rock system stratum, and the method has important significance for reducing the field uranium ore investigation cost, analyzing sedimentary evolution and identifying the orexigenic rock layer.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for precambrian basement dammara rock system strata, which can quickly and accurately identify the main strata of the precambrian basement dammara rock system in an area, and reduce the field investigation cost.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for precambrian basement dammara rock series strata, which comprises the following steps:

acquiring multi-source satellite remote sensing data and DEM elevation data;

step two, preprocessing the multisource satellite remote sensing data acquired in the step one to acquire preprocessed ASTER and Quickbird remote sensing data;

step three, carrying out false color synthesis and three-dimensional image generation on ASTER remote sensing data of the multi-source satellite remote sensing data preprocessed in the step two;

fourthly, performing true color fusion processing on the Quickbird remote sensing data of the multi-source satellite remote sensing data preprocessed in the second step;

step five, collecting and performing spectral measurement on a main stratum rock sample;

performing spectrum pretreatment and diagnosis mark identification on the main formation rock sample to obtain the wavelength of a spectrum diagnosis absorption peak of the main formation rock sample;

constructing a sweat group stratum remote sensing map identification mark;

step eight, constructing a roxine group stratum remote sensing map identification mark;

constructing a Chusi group stratum remote sensing map identification mark;

step ten, constructing a Charpy stratum remote sensing map identification mark;

and step eleven, identifying the main strata of the precambrian basal dammara rock system.

The multi-source satellite remote sensing data in the first step comprise multi-source satellite remote sensing data including ASTER satellite remote sensing data and Quickbird satellite remote sensing data; the ASTER satellite remote sensing data is data with the highest spatial resolution of 15 meters and 15 visible-short wave-thermal infrared spectral bands, and the Quickbird satellite remote sensing data is data with the highest spatial resolution of 0.61 meters and 5 visible-near infrared spectral bands; the DEM elevation data is digital elevation model data with the spatial resolution of 30 meters.

And the radiation correction, the geometric correction, the data mosaic and the image enhancement are preprocessed in the second step.

And the radiation correction in the second step is completed by adopting a radiation regression analysis method, the geometric correction is completed by adopting a polynomial correction method, the data embedding is completed by adopting an embedding method based on geographic coordinates, and the image enhancement is completed by adopting a histogram matching method.

The method comprises the following steps of: carrying out red, green and blue color transformation on the eighth waveband of the ASTER remote sensing data, the sixth waveband of the ASTER remote sensing data and the first waveband of the ASTER remote sensing data preprocessed in the second step, and forming a false color image through contrast stretching; the three-dimensional image generation method of the ASTER remote sensing data comprises the following specific steps of: and (3) taking the false color synthetic image as plane data, taking DEM elevation data acquired in the step one as Z-axis data, and generating an ASTER false color three-dimensional image based on a three-dimensional geological modeling method-a trend surface model method.

The fourth step of true color fusion processing specifically comprises the following steps: performing red, green and blue color transformation on the third, second and first 3 wave bands of the Quickbird remote sensing data preprocessed in the step two, and forming true color data through contrast stretching; and fusing the synthesized QuickBird true color data and the synthesized QuickBird remote sensing data panchromatic wave band based on a principal component transformation method to obtain a QuickBird true color fused image.

And fifthly, collecting main stratum rock samples in the precambrian basement dammara rock system working area, recording point position coordinates of longitude and latitude formats of sample collection places by adopting a GPS, and adopting a visible-short wave ground spectrum measuring instrument for spectrum measurement.

And preprocessing in the sixth step comprises baseline correction, filling zero and envelope removal, and diagnostic feature identification adopts a continuum removal method and a spectral absorption feature analysis method to obtain the wavelength position corresponding to the spectral diagnostic absorption peak of the rock of the main stratum of the precambrian basement dammara system.

The concrete steps of the eleventh step are as follows: and (4) projecting the GPS point location coordinates acquired by the primary stratum rock sample of the precambrian basement Damara rock system acquired in the fifth step onto the ASTER false color three-dimensional image acquired in the third step and the Quickbird true color fusion image acquired in the fourth step, and identifying and outlining a primary stratum distribution range corresponding to the sample acquisition point location by using a red line on the ASTER false color three-dimensional image and the Quickbird true color fusion image by combining the primary stratum remote sensing map identification marks respectively constructed in the seventh step, the eighth step, the ninth step and the tenth step, and identifying the distribution range of the primary stratum of the precambrian basement Dammar rock system in the whole area by using the range as an identification sample.

In the eleventh step, a manual interpretation method is adopted to identify and draw out a main stratum distribution range corresponding to a sample acquisition point position on the ASTER false color three-dimensional image and the Quickbird true color fusion image by using a red line; and identifying the distribution range of the main strata of the precambrian basement Dammar rock system in the whole region by adopting a supervision classification method-minimum distance method.

The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

(1) the multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for the precambrian basement dammara rock system stratum provided by the invention can quickly identify the main stratum distribution range of the precambrian basement dammara rock system in a working area, greatly reduce the field geological survey cost of the main stratum of the precambrian basement dammara rock system in the working area, and provide important basis for geological surveyors to select key survey areas to develop field geological survey;

(2) the multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for the precambrian basement dammara rock system stratum overcomes the defects that a traditional investigation method is high in labor and economic cost, long in period, limited in identification range, not beneficial to large-scale popularization and use, and especially for a working area with a severe natural and traffic environment, higher cost is required, and even the method cannot be developed.

(3) The multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for the stratums of the Prime wary basement Dammara rock system can be used for quickly identifying the main stratums similar to the ancient metamorphic rock area, and has an important leading function for developing field geological survey and basic geological mapping of a working area.

(4) The multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for the precambrian basement damaray rock system stratum has important significance for structural evolution in an analysis area and stratum deposition metamorphic environments, researching and judging the geological conditions of the mineral formation, predicting the prospect area of the mineral formation and guiding the investigation and development of the mineral formation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a drawing of the recognition of the ASTER remote sensing image of the sweat group formation provided by the invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of Quickbird remote sensing image recognition of a rock stratum provided by the invention.

FIG. 3 is a Quickbird remote sensing image recognition diagram of a Chuss group stratum provided by the invention.

Fig. 4 is a chart of the image recognition of the ASTER in caribbean formation provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

The invention relates to a multi-source remote sensing identification method suitable for a precambrian basement Dammara rock system stratum, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining multi-source satellite remote sensing data and DEM elevation data.

Acquiring multi-source satellite remote sensing data and DEM elevation data of a main stratum of a basement Dammar rock system covering the surface of a certain area and exposing the surface; the multi-source satellite remote sensing data comprises ASTER satellite remote sensing data and Quickbird satellite remote sensing data. The maximum spatial resolution of the ASTER satellite remote sensing data is 15 meters, and the ASTER satellite remote sensing data has 15 visible-short wave-thermal infrared spectrum segments; the maximum spatial resolution of remote sensing data of the Quickbird satellite is 0.61 m, and the Quickbird satellite has 5 visible-near infrared spectral bands; the acquisition time of the two remote sensing data is noon time, and the sky is cloudless and the signal-to-noise ratio is high; DEM elevation data refers to digital elevation model data with a spatial resolution of 30 meters.

Covering a certain area and exposing the primary strata of the precambrian basal dammara series including the sweaty group, the Roxin group, the Chusi group and the Caribbean group.

And step two, preprocessing the multisource satellite remote sensing data acquired in the step one, and acquiring preprocessed ASTER and Quickbird remote sensing data.

Preprocessing the multisource satellite remote sensing data obtained in the first step, including ASTER satellite remote sensing data and Quickbird satellite remote sensing data, wherein the preprocessing includes radiation correction, geometric correction, data mosaic and image enhancement, and obtaining preprocessed ASTER and Quickbird remote sensing data. The method comprises the steps of completing radiation correction by adopting a radiation regression analysis method, completing geometric correction by adopting a polynomial correction method, completing data mosaic by adopting a mosaic method based on geographic coordinates, and completing preprocessing such as image enhancement by adopting a histogram matching method.

And step three, performing false color synthesis and three-dimensional image generation on the ASTER remote sensing data of the multi-source satellite remote sensing data preprocessed in the step two.

Carrying out red, blue and green color transformation on the eighth waveband, the sixth waveband and the first waveband of the ASTER remote sensing data of the multi-source satellite remote sensing data preprocessed in the step two, and forming a false color synthetic image through contrast stretching; and (3) taking the false color synthetic image as plane data, taking DEM elevation data acquired in the step one as Z-axis data, and generating an ASTER false color three-dimensional image based on a three-dimensional geological modeling method-a trend surface model method.

And step four, performing true color fusion processing on the Quickbird remote sensing data of the multi-source satellite remote sensing data preprocessed in the step two.

And D, performing red, green and blue color transformation on the third, second and first 3 wave bands of the QuickBird remote sensing data of the multi-source satellite remote sensing data preprocessed in the step two, forming a true color image through contrast stretching, and fusing the synthesized QuickBird true color data and the panchromatic wave band of the QuickBird remote sensing data based on a principal component transformation method to obtain a QuickBird true color fusion image with the spatial resolution of 0.61 m.

And step five, acquiring and performing spectral measurement on the main stratum rock sample.

Collecting main stratum rock samples in a precambrian basement dammara rock system working area, wherein the sample collection size is 3cm (height) multiplied by 6cm (width) multiplied by 9cm (length), and recording point position coordinates of longitude and latitude formats of sample collection positions by using a GPS (global positioning system); the spectral measurement adopts a visible-short wave ground spectral measurement instrument, and the visible-short wave ground spectral measurement instrument uses a FieldSpec PRO FR spectrometer produced by American ASD company to perform reflection spectral measurement on the rock sample indoors to obtain the spectral curve of the main stratum rock sample.

The major strata of the precambrian basement dammara series of work areas include the sweaty group, the Roxin group, the Chusi group, and the Caribbi group.

And sixthly, performing spectrum pretreatment and diagnosis mark identification on the main stratum rock sample to obtain the wavelength position corresponding to the spectrum diagnosis absorption peak of the main stratum rock of the precambrian basement dammara rock system.

Preprocessing the spectrum curve of the rock sample of the main stratum of the precambrian basement dammara rock system obtained in the fifth step by adopting baseline correction, zero filling and envelope removal; and (3) performing diagnostic feature identification on the preprocessed spectral curve by adopting a spectral absorption feature analysis method of a continuum removal method, and acquiring the wavelength position corresponding to the spectral diagnostic absorption peak of the rock of the main stratum of the precambrian basement dammara system.

And seventhly, constructing a sweat group stratum remote sensing map identification mark.

If the ASTER false color three-dimensional image obtained in the third step shows a color tone of light blue purple and light yellow green, the three-dimensional landform is a middle-low mountain, and the terrain is strongly cut; displaying gray yellow with bluish violet hue, claw-shaped and arc-shaped shade lines on the Quickbird true color fusion image obtained in the fourth step; and the spectral diagnostic absorption peak wavelength of the formation rock is 1098nm and 2340nm, the formation is a sweat group formation (figure 1).

And step eight, constructing a roxine group stratum remote sensing map identification mark.

If the ASTER false color three-dimensional image obtained in the third step shows a bluish dark color tone, the three-dimensional landform is a high and steep mountain land, is weather-resistant and has strong landform cutting; displaying light gray with white color tones and braided shadow patterns on the Quickbird true color fusion image acquired in the fourth step; and the spectral diagnostic absorption peak wavelength of the formation rock is 970nm and 2342nm, the formation is a rock group formation of Roxin (figure 2).

And step nine, constructing a Chusi group stratum remote sensing map identification mark.

If the ASTER false color three-dimensional image obtained in the third step shows a yellow brown and dark brown color tone, the three-dimensional landform is a steep landform in middle and low mountains, weather-resistant and strong in landform cutting; displaying light gray tones, locally displaying yellow-green tones and comb-shaped shadow stripes on the Quickbird true color fusion image acquired in the fourth step; and the spectrum of the stratum rock has no obvious diagnostic absorption characteristics, the stratum is a Chusi group stratum (figure 3).

Step ten, constructing a Charpy stratum remote sensing map identification mark.

If the ASTER false color three-dimensional image obtained in the third step shows a bluish dark color tone, the three-dimensional landform is a gentle hillside and weather-resistant; the Quickbird true color fusion image obtained in the fourth step shows thicker discontinuous light white color tone and linear shadow; and the spectral diagnostic absorption peak wavelengths of the formation rock are 643nm, 2150nm and 2341nm, the formation is a caribbean formation (figure 4).

And step eleven, identifying the main strata of the precambrian basal dammara rock system.

Projecting the GPS point location coordinates acquired by the primary stratum rock sample of the precambrian basement Dammar rock system acquired in the fifth step onto the ASTER false color three-dimensional image acquired in the third step and the Quickbird true color fusion image acquired in the fourth step, identifying and outlining a primary stratum distribution range corresponding to the sample acquisition point by using a red line on the ASTER false color three-dimensional image and the Quickbird true color fusion image based on a manual interaction interpretation method by combining a primary stratum remote sensing map identification mark (shown in the following table 1) respectively constructed in the seventh step, the eighth step, the ninth step and the tenth step, and identifying the distribution range of the primary stratum of the precambrian basement Dammar rock system in the whole area by using the range as an identification sample and adopting a supervision classification method-minimum distance method.

TABLE 1 recognition mark table of remote sensing map of Pramazon basement Memora rock system

The manual interpretation in the step eleven refers to respectively delineating the main stratum distribution ranges of the precambrian basement dammara rock system on the ASTER false color three-dimensional image and the Quickbird true color fusion image by adopting red lines; the training sample refers to the confirmed distribution range of the prime stratums of the precambrian basement dammara rock system on the ASTER false color three-dimensional image and the Quickbird true color fusion image as an identification sample, and the whole distribution range of the prime stratums in the working area is automatically identified based on the sample; supervised classification refers to classification using the minimum distance method.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.