1. The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that n measuring points are arranged on the component, wherein n is more than or equal to 4, the measuring points are called initial points before the component is subjected to pose adjustment and positioning and are called target points after the pose adjustment and positioning, all the measuring points have the same position tolerance, and the method for optimizing and constructing the measuring points for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component comprises the following steps:

step 1, measuring and obtaining a coordinate set A of an initial point of a measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Step 2, obtaining theoretical coordinates of a target point of the measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R } and a tolerance set A thereof²：

Where δ represents the coordinate tolerance of the target point;

step 3 effective criterion for constructing measuring point, wherein d_ijIs the actual length of two initial points, D_ijIs the theoretical length of the two target points,length ranges allowed for two target points:

finding out the jth measuring point which does not meet the criterion requirement of the formula 6, and removing the jth measuring point, wherein i is not equal to j, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;

step 4, screening effective measuring points from all measuring points according to the criterion in the step 3, and obtaining a coordinate set B of the initial point of the effective measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Obtaining a coordinate set B of the target point of the valid measurement point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }²：

Step 5, constructing a function min (x y z alpha beta gamma) containing six unknown quantities, and solving the solution of the unknown quantities when the function is solved to obtain the minimum value:

wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin, x, y and z represent line coordinate components of the origin of the centrolizing coordinates formed by the effective measuring points relative to the reference coordinate system { R }, and alpha, beta and gamma represent angle coordinate components of three directions of the centrolizing coordinates formed by the effective measuring points relative to the reference coordinate system { R };

solving to obtain:

step 6, constructing a transformation matrix T before and after the effective measurement point attitude adjustment positioning of the components:

wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin;

step 7, transforming the initial point of the effective measuring point into the construction point of the effective measuring point by transforming the matrix T, and obtaining the coordinate set B of the construction point of the effective measuring point relative to the reference coordinate system { R }^T：

And 8, solving the position deviation between the construction point of the effective measurement point and the target point:

wherein, Delta_lx、Δ_ly、Δ_lzThree coordinate components of the deviation of the construction point and the position of the target point of the effective measurement point in the reference coordinate system { R } respectively;

step 9, constructing a preferred criterion of the effective measuring points:

step 10, screening preferred effective measuring points from the effective measuring points according to the criterion in the step 9, and obtaining a coordinate set C of the initial point of the preferred effective measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Coordinate set C of a target point of a preferred valid measurement point with respect to a reference coordinate system { R }, is obtained²：

Step 11 constructs a function min (X Y Z a beta Γ) containing six unknowns and solves the function to obtain a solution of the unknowns at minimum:

wherein c denotes a cosine function cos, s denotes a sine function sin, X, Y, Z denotes a line coordinate component of the origin of the centrolizing coordinates constituted by the preferred effective measurement points with respect to the reference coordinate system { R }, and A, BETA, Γ denote angular coordinate components of the three directions of the centrolizing coordinates constituted by the preferred effective measurement points with respect to the reference coordinate system { R };

solving to obtain:

step 12, constructing a correction transformation matrix T before and after the component posture adjustment positioning^C：

Wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin;

step 13 by modifying the transformation matrix T^CThe initial point correction of the preferred effective measuring point is transformed into the construction point of the preferred effective measuring point, and the coordinate set C of the construction point of the preferred effective measuring point relative to the reference coordinate system { R } is obtained^T：

2. The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component parts by optimizing and constructing the measurement points according to claim 1, wherein the pose of the component parts before the pose alignment positioning is random and the pose after the pose alignment positioning is determined.

3. The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component parts by optimizing and constructing the measurement points according to claim 1, wherein the measurement points are wrapped around the component parts.

4. The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component parts by optimizing and constructing the measurement points according to claim 1, wherein the optimized effective measurement points are required to envelop more than two thirds of the component parts.

Background

The posture adjustment of the components refers to the rotation of the components around three axes of a coordinate system XYZ; the positioning of the component refers to the movement of the component around three axes of the coordinate system XYZ. The position and the posture of the airplane component can be uniquely determined through attitude adjusting and positioning, and high-precision assembly of the airplane component is realized.

The airplane is assembled by a large number of components through posture adjustment and positioning. When some components are assembled in the attitude adjusting and positioning mode, only the overall accuracy needs to be concerned, for example, the overall accuracy of the attitude adjusting and positioning of the external components determines the pneumatic appearance of the airplane, the overall accuracy of the attitude adjusting and positioning of the internal components determines the structural gravity center of the airplane, and the two accuracy indexes are core requirements of the design and the manufacture of the airplane.

In order to meet the overall accuracy of the airplane component in the attitude adjusting, positioning and assembling process, at least four measuring points need to be arranged on the airplane component, the overall accuracy of the component is evaluated by using coordinates of the measuring points, and the coordinate deviation of the measuring points reflects the deviation of the overall accuracy. In order to achieve the overall accuracy of the attitude adjustment positioning of the aircraft components, the following two problems are generally solved: on one hand, the rigidity of the airplane component is weak, deformation exceeding the design requirement is easy to occur in the attitude adjusting and positioning process, so that the position deviation of a measuring point arranged on the component is easy to occur, the overall precision evaluation of the component is inaccurate, and the manufacturing quality of the airplane is influenced; on the other hand, if the aircraft component has no deformation exceeding the design requirement, but a small deformation is necessary, it is also difficult to make all or most of the measurement points on the component be within the ideal coordinates and the tolerance range thereof after the attitude adjustment positioning. In order to solve the above problems, the current technical solution is: firstly, the measuring point is positioned at an accurate position through the correction of the zero assembly, although the method is feasible, the efficiency is low, the cost is high, and in most cases, the method can only correct the positions of part of the measuring points, which has a function of improving the overall precision but has a limited effect; and secondly, arranging a shape-preserving tool for the part assembly, fixing the part assembly on the shape-preserving tool, and controlling the deformation of the part assembly through the shape-preserving tool with high rigidity.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the overall precision is affected by position deviation of a zero component and a measuring point thereof easily in the process of adjusting and positioning the zero component, the invention provides a measuring point optimization and construction method for improving the overall precision of adjusting and positioning the zero component, and the overall precision of adjusting and positioning the zero component is improved by analyzing, processing, optimizing and constructing the coordinate data of the measuring point on the zero component on the premise of not correcting and shape-preserving the zero component.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that n measuring points are arranged on the component, wherein n is more than or equal to 4, the measuring points are called initial points before the component is subjected to pose adjustment and positioning and are called target points after the pose adjustment and positioning, all the measuring points have the same position tolerance, and the method for optimizing and constructing the measuring points for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component comprises the following steps:

step 1, measuring and obtaining a coordinate set A of an initial point of a measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Step 2, obtaining theoretical coordinates of a target point of the measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R } and a tolerance set A thereof²：

Where δ represents the coordinate tolerance of the target point;

step 3 effective criterion for constructing measuring point, wherein d_ijIs the actual length of two initial points, D_ijIs the theoretical length of the two target points,length ranges allowed for two target points:

finding out the jth measuring point which does not meet the criterion requirement of the formula 6, and removing the jth measuring point, wherein i is not equal to j, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;

step 4, screening effective measuring points from all measuring points according to the criterion in the step 3, and obtaining a coordinate set B of the initial point of the effective measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Obtaining a coordinate set B of the target point of the valid measurement point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }²：

Step 5, constructing a function min (x y z alpha beta gamma) containing six unknown quantities, and solving the solution of the unknown quantities when the function is solved to obtain the minimum value:

wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin, x, y and z represent line coordinate components of the origin of the centrolizing coordinates formed by the effective measuring points relative to the reference coordinate system { R }, and alpha, beta and gamma represent angle coordinate components of three directions of the centrolizing coordinates formed by the effective measuring points relative to the reference coordinate system { R };

solving to obtain:

step 6, constructing a transformation matrix T before and after the effective measurement point attitude adjustment positioning of the components:

wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin;

step 7, transforming the initial point of the effective measuring point into the construction point of the effective measuring point by transforming the matrix T, and obtaining the coordinate set B of the construction point of the effective measuring point relative to the reference coordinate system { R }^T：

And 8, solving the position deviation between the construction point of the effective measurement point and the target point:

wherein, Delta_lx、Δ_ly、Δ_lzThree coordinate components of the deviation of the construction point and the position of the target point of the effective measurement point in the reference coordinate system { R } respectively;

step 9, constructing a preferred criterion of the effective measuring points:

step 10, screening preferred effective measuring points from the effective measuring points according to the criterion in the step 9, and obtaining a coordinate set C of the initial point of the preferred effective measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Coordinate set C of a target point of a preferred valid measurement point with respect to a reference coordinate system { R }, is obtained²：

Step 11 constructs a function min (X Y Z a beta Γ) containing six unknowns and solves the function to obtain a solution of the unknowns at minimum:

wherein c denotes a cosine function cos, s denotes a sine function sin, X, Y, Z denotes a line coordinate component of the origin of the centrolizing coordinates constituted by the preferred effective measurement points with respect to the reference coordinate system { R }, and A, BETA, Γ denote angular coordinate components of the three directions of the centrolizing coordinates constituted by the preferred effective measurement points with respect to the reference coordinate system { R };

solving to obtain:

step 12, constructing a correction transformation matrix T before and after the component posture adjustment positioning^C：

Wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin;

step 13 by modifying the transformation matrix T^CThe initial point correction of the preferred effective measuring point is transformed into the construction point of the preferred effective measuring point, and the coordinate set C of the construction point of the preferred effective measuring point relative to the reference coordinate system { R } is obtained^T：

The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that the pose of the component before pose adjustment and positioning is random, and the pose after pose adjustment and positioning is determined.

The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the components by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that the measuring points need to envelop the components.

The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that the optimized effective measuring points are enveloped by more than two thirds of the component.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and obvious benefits:

(1) the integral precision of the posture-adjusting positioning of the components is improved. The measuring points preferentially constructed by the method disclosed by the application have the invariance of the position relation before and after the posture adjustment and positioning, and the precision of the evaluated part has the accuracy due to the invariance and the stability of the measuring points serving as the reference.

(2) The method improves the working efficiency of the zero assembly posture adjustment positioning, optimizes and constructs the measuring points through the analysis and transformation of the coordinate data of the measuring points on the zero assembly, completes the related work based on the method disclosed by the application, and greatly improves the posture adjustment positioning efficiency compared with the prior zero assembly shape correction and shape preservation.

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of embodiments:

drawings

FIG. 1 is a pose schematic of an aircraft panel and its measurement points before and after pose alignment.

Fig. 2 is an illustration of measurement points that do not meet a validity criterion.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of the matching of construction points of measurement points on an aircraft panel to target points in a reference coordinate system { R }.

Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of the deviation of the construction point from the target point for the ith measurement point on the aircraft panel.

FIG. 5 is an illustration of the matching of a revised build point to a target point for a preferred measurement point on an aircraft panel.

The numbering in the figures illustrates: 1 covering, 2 stringers, 3 airplane wall boards before attitude adjustment and positioning, 4 airplane wall boards after attitude adjustment and positioning, 5 initial points, 6 target points, 7 jth measuring points, 8 ith measuring point tolerance boxes, 9 ith construction points and 10 ith target points

Detailed Description

The component parts in this embodiment are aircraft panels, which are composed of skin 1 and stringers 2. The skin 1 is made of carbon fiber reinforcement resin matrix composite materials, the stringer 2 is made of aluminum alloy, and the two materials are assembled into the aircraft wallboard through screw connection.

Referring to fig. 1, 20 measurement points are provided on an aircraft panel. The left side of fig. 1 is an airplane wall plate 3 and an initial point 5 before attitude adjustment positioning, and the right side of fig. 1 is an airplane wall plate 4 and a target point 6 after attitude adjustment positioning, and due to factors such as deformation of the airplane wall plate, the position relationship of 20 initial points on the airplane wall plate is definitely inconsistent with the position relationship of the target point, namely: the 20 initial points 5 on the aircraft wall plate 3 before the attitude adjustment and positioning can not be correspondingly superposed with the 20 target points 6 on the aircraft wall plate 4 after the attitude adjustment and positioning, or the part of the initial points 5 on the aircraft wall plate 3 before the attitude adjustment and positioning can not be enveloped in the tolerance box range of the corresponding target points 6.

Before the attitude adjusting and positioning, on the premise of not correcting or shape-preserving the aircraft wall plate, all or most of initial points 5 on the aircraft wall plate 3 before the attitude adjusting and positioning are enveloped in the range of a tolerance box 8 of a corresponding target point 6 by the method disclosed by the invention, so that the aircraft wall plate meets the integral assembly precision in the attitude adjusting and positioning process.

The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that n measuring points are arranged on the component, wherein n is more than or equal to 4, the measuring points are called initial points before the component is subjected to pose adjustment and positioning and are called target points after the pose adjustment and positioning, all the measuring points have the same position tolerance, and the method for optimizing and constructing the measuring points for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component comprises the following steps:

step 1, measuring and obtaining a coordinate set A of an initial point of a measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Step 2, acquiring the target point relative of the measuring pointsTheoretical coordinates in a reference coordinate system { R } and its tolerance set A²：

Where δ represents the coordinate tolerance of the target point;

step 3 effective criterion for constructing measuring point, wherein d_ijIs the actual length of two initial points, D_ijIs the theoretical length of the two target points,length ranges allowed for two target points:

finding out the jth measuring point which does not meet the criterion requirement of the formula 6, and removing the jth measuring point, wherein i is not equal to j, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;

as shown in fig. 2, find out the jth measuring point 7 which does not satisfy the criterion requirement of formula 6, and eliminate the jth measuring point 7;

step 4, screening effective measuring points from all measuring points according to the criterion in the step 3, and obtaining a coordinate set B of the initial point of the effective measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Obtaining a coordinate set B of the target point of the valid measurement point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }²：

Step 5, constructing a function min (x y z alpha beta gamma) containing six unknown quantities, and solving the solution of the unknown quantities when the function is solved to obtain the minimum value:

wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin, x, y and z represent line coordinate components of the origin of the centrolizing coordinates formed by the effective measuring points relative to the reference coordinate system { R }, and alpha, beta and gamma represent angle coordinate components of three directions of the centrolizing coordinates formed by the effective measuring points relative to the reference coordinate system { R };

solving to obtain:

step 6, constructing a transformation matrix T before and after the effective measurement point attitude adjustment positioning of the components:

wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin;

step 7, transforming the initial point of the effective measuring point into the construction point of the effective measuring point by transforming the matrix T, and obtaining the coordinate set B of the construction point of the effective measuring point relative to the reference coordinate system { R }^T：

FIG. 3 shows an ith build point 9 and an ith target point 10 of aircraft panel measurement points matched under a reference coordinate system { R };

and 8, solving the position deviation between the construction point of the effective measurement point and the target point:

wherein, Delta_lx、Δ_ly、Δ_lzAre respectively provided withThree coordinate components of the structural point representing the valid measurement point and the position of the target point deviating from the reference coordinate system { R };

as shown in fig. 4, which is an illustration of the deviation of the ith construction point 9 from the ith target point 10 on the aircraft panel, the ith construction point 9 is located within the tolerance box 8 of the ith target point 10;

step 9, constructing a preferred criterion of the effective measuring points:

step 10, screening preferred effective measuring points from the effective measuring points according to the criterion in the step 9, and obtaining a coordinate set C of the initial point of the preferred effective measuring point relative to a reference coordinate system { R }¹：

Coordinate set C of a target point of a preferred valid measurement point with respect to a reference coordinate system { R }, is obtained²：

Step 11 constructs a function min (X Y Z a beta Γ) containing six unknowns and solves the function to obtain a solution of the unknowns at minimum:

wherein c denotes a cosine function cos, s denotes a sine function sin, X, Y, Z denotes a line coordinate component of the origin of the centrolizing coordinates constituted by the preferred effective measurement points with respect to the reference coordinate system { R }, and A, BETA, Γ denote angular coordinate components of the three directions of the centrolizing coordinates constituted by the preferred effective measurement points with respect to the reference coordinate system { R };

solving to obtain:

step 12, constructing a correction transformation matrix T before and after the component posture adjustment positioning^C：

Wherein c represents a cosine function cos, s represents a sine function sin;

step 13 by modifying the transformation matrix T^CThe initial point correction of the preferred effective measuring point is transformed into the construction point of the preferred effective measuring point, and the coordinate set C of the construction point of the preferred effective measuring point relative to the reference coordinate system { R } is obtained^T：

Fig. 5 shows an illustration of the matching of the corrected construction point to the target point of a preferred measurement point on the aircraft panel.

The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that the pose of the component before pose adjustment and positioning is random, and the pose after pose adjustment and positioning is determined.

The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the components by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that the measuring points need to envelop the components.

The method for improving the overall pose accuracy of the component by optimizing and constructing the measuring points is characterized in that the optimized effective measuring points are enveloped by more than two thirds of the component.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and obvious benefits:

(1) the integral precision of the posture-adjusting positioning of the components is improved. The measuring points preferentially constructed by the method disclosed by the application have the invariance of the position relation before and after the posture adjustment and positioning, and the precision of the evaluated part has the accuracy due to the invariance and the stability of the measuring points serving as the reference.

(2) The method improves the working efficiency of the zero assembly posture adjustment positioning, optimizes and constructs the measuring points through the analysis and transformation of the coordinate data of the measuring points on the zero assembly, completes the related work based on the method disclosed by the application, and greatly improves the posture adjustment positioning efficiency compared with the prior zero assembly shape correction and shape preservation.