1. The sponge with low hysteresis loss comprises a raw material formula and a raw material formula, and is characterized in that the index range of black materials in the formula of the sponge with low hysteresis loss is 0.9-1.1; the black material is TM 8020; the white material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of graft polyether, 60-80 parts of high-activity polyether, 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.1-0.5 part of silicone oil, 0.1-0.6 part of catalyst, 1.8 parts of open-cell polyether and 2.6-3 parts of water.

2. The sponge with low hysteresis loss as recited in claim 1, wherein the white material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of graft polyether, 80 parts of high-activity polyether, 2 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5 part of silicone oil, 0.47 part of catalyst, 1.8 parts of open-cell polyether and 2.6 parts of water.

3. A low hysteresis loss sponge according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the hysteresis factor index of the low hysteresis loss is in the range of 15% to 20%.

4. The sponge with low hysteresis loss as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the molecular weight of the high activity polyether is 8000 of 5000-.

5. A low hysteresis loss sponge according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the cross-linking agent comprises any one of glycerol, TEOA and DEOA.

6. The low hysteresis loss sponge according to claim 5 wherein the cross-linking agent is DEOA.

7. The sponge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the silicone oil is B-8715 and B-8738 in a weight ratio of 4: 1.

8. A low hysteresis loss sponge according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the catalyst is LED-103 and Z-130 in a weight ratio of 1: 0.8-5 of a mixture.

9. Use of a low hysteresis loss sponge according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in an automotive seat.

Background

Ideally, the elastic solid material has a definite shape and is deformed by an external force if it is compressed, and the work of the external force is stored in the form of potential energy, and after the pressure is removed, the potential energy is changed into kinetic energy, and the material basically recovers the original shape and size, but during the compression and recovery processes, the load-deformation curves do not coincide, that is, the work consumed by the material under compression is not equal to the work done externally under recovery, and the difference is the lost work, which means that during the process, an energy loss for overcoming the internal friction of the elastic solid material is generated, and the loss is called hysteresis loss (hysteresis factor), and is specifically represented by the ratio of the work lost during the compression and recovery processes to the work consumed under compression.

Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the service time of automobiles is higher and higher, the automobile seat is more and more dependent on the automobile seat, the requirement on riding comfort is higher and higher, the sponge is used as a main filling bearing object in the seat, the influence of the sponge on the comfort of the whole seat is important and intuitively felt, the sponge is reflected on the comfort, the sponge mainly surrounds wrapping property, supporting property and shock absorption, the wrapping property is more related to the design of a modeling surface, and the latter two are related to the comprehensive influence of indexes such as density, comfort factors, rebound rate, hysteresis loss and the like besides the matching with the design of the whole seat. The hysteresis loss index not only affects the static comfort evaluation of the seat, but also has obvious influence on the dynamic comfort evaluation, so that more and more automobile host factories pay attention to the hysteresis loss index, and the development of a sponge product with low hysteresis loss is an urgent need at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a low-hysteresis-loss sponge and application thereof, wherein the hysteresis factor index range of the low-hysteresis-loss sponge is between 15% and 20%, and the low-hysteresis-loss sponge is good in rebound resilience and high in comfort when applied to an automobile seat.

The invention provides a low hysteresis loss sponge, which comprises a raw material formula and a raw material formula, wherein the index range of a black material in the low hysteresis loss sponge formula is 0.9-1.1; the black material is TM 8020; the white material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of graft polyether, 60-80 parts of high-activity polyether, 1-2 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.1-0.5 part of silicone oil, 0.1-0.6 part of catalyst, 1.8 parts of open-cell polyether and 2.6-3 parts of water.

The black material index is the index or the proportion of the hydrogen acid radicals in the black material, reflects the concentration or the proportion of the black material participating in the reaction, and when the input black material/white material is 42/100, the hydrogen acid radicals just can completely react, and the index is 1.0 at the moment, so that the input amount can be represented by the black material index. TM8020 is a general isocyanate mixture. The grafted polyether (POP, H45) is a special polyether polyol prepared by graft copolymerization of general polyether or polyether containing double chains in the presence of olefin monomer (such as styrene, acrylonitrile and the like) and initiator; the high activity polyether (330N) is prepared by the addition polymerization reaction of an initiator (a compound containing an active hydrogen group) and Ethylene Oxide (EO), Propylene Oxide (PO), Butylene Oxide (BO) and the like in the presence of a catalyst; the cross-linking agent is also called bridging agent, and is an important component of the polyhydrocarbon photoresist, the photochemical curing action of the photoresist depends on the cross-linking agent with double photosensitive functional groups to participate in reaction, the cross-linking agent generates double free radicals after exposure, the double free radicals react with the polyhydrocarbon resin to form bridge bonds between polymer molecular chains and become insoluble substances with three-dimensional structures, the main action of the cross-linking agent is to generate chemical bonds between linear molecules to connect the linear molecules together to form a net structure, and thus the strength and elasticity of a high molecular material can be improved; the silicone oil is colorless (or light yellow), tasteless, nontoxic, and nonvolatile liquid, and has heat resistance, electric insulation, weather resistance, hydrophobicity, physiological inertia, small surface tension, low viscosity-temperature coefficient, and high compression resistance.

Preferably, the white material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of graft polyether, 80 parts of high-activity polyether, 2 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5 part of silicone oil, 0.47 part of catalyst, 1.8 parts of open-cell polyether and 2.6 parts of water.

Further, the hysteresis factor index range of the low hysteresis loss in the above technical scheme is between 15% and 20%.

The low hysteresis loss sponge in the technical scheme is characterized in that the hysteresis factor index range is between 15% and 20%, and the hysteresis loss index range of the existing seat sponge is mainly between 15% and 30%.

Further, the molecular weight of the high-activity polyether in the technical scheme is 5000-8000. Preferably, the molecular weight is 8000.

In the technical scheme, the high-molecular high-activity polyether 330N is adopted, the reaction activity is high, a polyurethane Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) product can be prepared by reacting with isocyanate in the black material, and the high-resilience product prepared by using the high-molecular high-activity polyether has excellent resilience, compressibility and comfort.

Further, the cross-linking agent in the above technical solution includes any one of glycerol, TEOA and DEOA. Preferably, the crosslinking agent is DEOA.

In the technical scheme, TEOA (triethanolamine) is colorless to light yellow viscous liquid with ammonia smell, is easily dissolved in water and ethanol, and can be used as an initiator of polyether in the field of polyurethane, and a cross-linking agent and an auxiliary catalyst of polyurethane foam and elastomer; DEOA (diethanolamine) is a white crystalline or colorless liquid, is highly hygroscopic and acts as a crosslinking agent in the production of high resilience polyurethane foams.

Further, in the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the silicone oil B-8715 to the silicone oil B-8738 is 4: 1.

In the technical scheme, the mixture of B8715 and B-8738 is selected as a silicone oil assistant, and the mixture is used for the reaction of high-activity polyether and grafted polyether by optimizing the proportion of the two, so as to play a role in stabilizing and regulating cells. Wherein B8715 is a foam homogenizing silicone oil auxiliary agent for producing high-resilience polyurethane foam, the produced foam has the advantage of low fogging value, and the molded foam produced by using the foam as a stabilizer has an ideal open-cell structure; b-8738 is also a low haze silicone oil suitable for high resilience molding of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) systems, and acts as a stabilizer in the production of high resilience polyurethane foams.

Further, in the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the catalyst to the LED-103 to the Z-130 is 1: 0.8-5.

In the technical scheme, the LED-1033 and the Z-130 are used as catalysts, wherein the LED-1033 is an acid-terminated low-odor reaction type delayed foaming catalyst, the opalescence time can be prolonged, the materials can fully flow for time to completely fill a die cavity, the molecular structure of the main component of the delayed foaming catalyst contains hydroxyl functional groups, and the hydroxyl functional groups can react with NCO in isocyanate to generate a part of polyurethane foam, so that the delayed foaming catalyst can play a role in reducing the odor and VOC volatilization of polyurethane products, can be used for the low-odor high-resilience flexible molded foam for automobiles, can provide good fluidity and later-stage curing effect, and can reduce the odor and VOC volatilization of the foam; z-130 is a light yellow, low-viscosity and tasteless amine catalyst, contains active hydrogen in the structure, can react with isocyanate, and is suitable for high-resilience polyurethane foam.

The invention also provides application of the low-hysteresis loss sponge in an automobile seat.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that: the low-hysteresis loss sponge takes high-activity polyether and grafted polyether as main raw materials, is simultaneously matched with open-cell polyether, is polymerized by a cross-linking agent and a catalyst to form a net-shaped high-molecular structure, and is promoted to be stable by added silicone oil, so that the obtained sponge has excellent stability, rebound resilience and compressibility; the hysteresis factor index range of the low hysteresis loss sponge is between 15% and 20%, and the low hysteresis loss sponge is good in rebound resilience and high in comfort when applied to an automobile seat.

Detailed Description

The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The raw materials mentioned in the following examples are all commercially available products and are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.

The above technical features of the present invention and those described in detail below (e.g., in the embodiments) can be combined with each other to form a new or preferred technical solution.

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples:

wherein, the black material index refers to the index or the proportion of hydrogen acid radicals in the black material; the density, 25% ILD, rebound resilience, hysteresis factor were determined according to DIN EN ISO corresponding method.

Example 1: verifying the influence of the grafted polyether content on the hysteresis loss performance of the sponge

The influence of the content of the grafted polyether (POP) on the hysteresis loss performance of the sponge is examined under the condition that the content of other components is not changed by taking the POP as an independent variable and taking the high-activity polyether as a dependent variable, wherein the content of each component is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 contents of the components

Preparation method of the low hysteresis loss sponge: sequentially adding the white raw materials into a stirring kettle according to a certain proportion, mixing, heating the mixture to 85 ℃ for heat treatment, vacuumizing the stirring kettle, and stirring for 2.5 hours; then adding the black materials according to a proportion, uniformly stirring, keeping the pressure for 5min at the temperature of 55 ℃ and the pressure of 0.5MPa for casting and molding, and demolding; and finally, carrying out vacuum foaming treatment on the demolded product, compressing 85% of the product in volume, discharging waste gas, and carrying out vacuum pumping treatment to obtain the low-hysteresis loss sponge. The performance parameters were measured using the ISO standard and the results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 Effect of POP on sponge hysteresis loss Performance

As can be seen from the results in table 2, the lower the POP content, the higher the rebound resilience, and the lower the hysteresis loss when the black index is the same, with the other components being unchanged; the rebound resilience becomes higher and the hysteresis loss becomes smaller as the blackness index is lowered, but the rebound resilience and the hysteresis loss are both deteriorated when the blackness index is 0.85 and the POP is 40 parts, and therefore the blackness index is preferably not less than 0.9. When the POP content is 20 parts, the sponge is relatively soft, but has high resilience and low hysteresis loss, and is comfortable when used as a vehicle seat. Therefore, a POP content of 20 parts is preferable.

Example 2: verification of the Effect of Water content on sponge hysteresis loss Performance

The influence of the water content on the hysteresis loss performance of the sponge is examined under the condition that the content of other components is not changed by taking the water content in the formula as a variable, wherein the content of the other components is shown in a table 3, the sponge preparation method refers to an example 1, and the test result is shown in a table 4.

TABLE 3 contents of other components

TABLE 4 Effect of Water on sponge hysteresis loss Performance

Water (number of parts)	Density (kg/m)3)	Black index	25％ILD(N)	Rebound resilience (%)	Hysteresis factor (%)
						2.6	58	1	331	69.5	19.3
2.7	59	0.98	328	65	20.7
						2.8	58	0.96	316	63	20.7
2.9	59	0.94	314	62	21.2
						3	58	0.92	309	62	21.5

From the results in table 4, it can be seen that the rebound rate is continuously reduced and the hysteresis loss is gradually increased with the increase of the water amount under the condition that other components are not changed, which indicates that the hysteresis loss of the sponge is influenced to a certain extent by the overhigh water content.

Example 3: verifying the influence of the cross-linking agent variety on the hysteretic loss performance of the sponge

By taking different crosslinking agents as variables and under the condition that the content of other components is not changed, the influence of the variety of the crosslinking agents on the hysteresis loss performance of the sponge is examined, wherein the content of each component is shown in table 5, the sponge preparation method refers to example 1, and the test result is shown in table 6.

TABLE 5 contents of the components

TABLE 6 influence of crosslinker variety on the hysteresis loss Properties of sponges

Variety of crosslinking agents	Density (%)	25％ILD(N)	Rebound resilience (%)	Hysteresis factor (%)
					Glycerol	58	351	64.5	20.7
TEOA	58	347	65.4	19.6
					DEOA	58	331	69.5	19.3

As can be seen from the results in Table 6, the use of DEOA, a common crosslinking agent for high resilience foams, with the other components unchanged, results in a relatively soft sponge, the best resilience, and the lowest hysteresis loss, and therefore, DEOA is the preferred crosslinking agent.

Example 4: verifying the influence of the molecular weight of the high-activity polyether on the hysteresis loss performance of the sponge

The influence of the molecular weight of the high-activity polyether on the hysteresis loss performance of the sponge is examined under the condition that the contents of other components are not changed by adopting the high-activity polyether with different molecular weights, wherein the contents of all the components are shown in a table 7, the sponge preparation method refers to an example 1, and the test result is shown in a table 8.

TABLE 7 contents of the components

Formulation of	Number of parts
		Graft polyether H45	40
High activity polyether 330N	60
		Crosslinking agent DEOA	2
Silicone oil B-8715	0.4
		Silicone oil B-8738	0.1
Catalyst LED-103	0.1
		Catalyst Z-130	0.5
Open-cell polyether	1.8
		Water (W)	2.6

TABLE 8 influence of high-live polyether molecular weight on the hysteresis loss Properties of the sponges

High living polyether molecular weight	25％ILD(N)	Rebound resilience (%)	Hysteresis factor (%)
				5000	331	69.5	19.3
6000	327	71	18.4
				8000	315	73	17.9

From the results in Table 8, it can be seen that the higher the molecular weight of the high-activity polyether, the higher the resilience of the sponge produced and the lower the hysteresis loss without changing the contents of the components. Therefore, the present invention preferably selects the high-activity polyether with the molecular weight of 8000.

Test example:

ILD testing was performed on a low hysteresis loss sponge prepared with the formulation of example 4 (with a high live polyether molecular weight of 8000) and a commercially available common sponge having the same density, the same ISO index, nearly identical hardness, but different hysteresis factor index than the sponge described above, with the results shown in table 9.

Table 9 sponge ILD test

From the test results in table 9, it can be seen that the sponge prepared in example 4 has an ILD of 25% 279N, but has a rebound resilience as high as 76.66%, while the sponge prepared in the prior art has an ILD of 25% 268N and a rebound resilience of only 65.02%, which indicates that the sponge prepared by the method of the present invention has low hysteresis loss and better rebound effect.

In conclusion, the hysteresis factor index range of the low hysteresis loss sponge prepared by the formula is 15-20%, and the sponge has good rebound resilience and high comfort when being applied to automobile seats.

Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.