1. Three-dimensional thunder and lightning real-time supervision early warning system, its characterized in that: the lightning detection device comprises a control assembly, wherein eight paths of frequency conversion detection assemblies are connected to the control assembly, the eight paths of frequency conversion detection assemblies are used for detecting, detecting and acquiring pulse signals excited by lightning and converting the pulse signals into data types which can be identified by the control assembly, and each eight path of frequency conversion detection assembly comprises a lightning electromagnetic pulse signal sensor and a signal input device; the control assembly is connected with a three-dimensional imaging assembly, the three-dimensional imaging assembly is used for generating and displaying a three-dimensional fine channel structure, and the three-dimensional imaging assembly comprises a GIS imaging device and a liquid crystal display screen; the control assembly comprises a controller, an interlocking device, a trigger and a driver are connected to the controller, an auxiliary energy supply assembly is further connected to the control assembly, the auxiliary function assembly comprises a timer, an audible and visual alarm and a wireless transceiver, the controller is connected with an upper computer through the wireless transceiver to achieve remote communication, and the controller is connected with the signal input devices through the interlocking device to ensure that the signal input devices are not interfered with one another; the controller is connected with a timer through a trigger, the timer is used for recording time nodes of actions of the thunder electromagnetic pulse signal sensor, the controller is connected with an audible and visual alarm through a driver, and the audible and visual alarm is used for feeding back audible and visual alarm information when an emergency occurs; the controller is also connected with a power supply assembly, and the power supply assembly comprises a voltage stabilizer and a UPS power supply so as to provide stable power supply voltage for the controller.

2. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the model of controller is STM32F103C8T6, is equipped with 64 pins on the controller, the controller links to each other with the stabiliser through a pin, the controller links to each other with signal input ware through No. two pins, No. three pins and No. four pins, the controller links to each other with GIS image device through No. fifteen pins, the controller links to each other with wireless transceiver through No. twenty pin and No. twenty-one pin, the controller links to each other with the trigger through No. thirty-three pin and No. thirty-four pin, the controller links to each other with the driver through No. thirty-eight pin and No. forty-five pin.

3. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the interlocking device comprises a first normally open switch, a second normally open switch and a third normally open switch which are connected in parallel, wherein a resistor and a capacitor which are connected in parallel are respectively arranged on the first normally open switch, the second normally open switch and the third normally open switch and are connected with a signal input device, a first key, a second key and a third key are respectively arranged on the first normally open switch, the second normally open switch and the third normally open switch, the first key is connected with a pin II of the controller, the second key is connected with a pin III of the controller, and the third key is connected with a pin IV of the controller.

4. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the signal input device comprises a photoelectric coupler TLP290, a first pin of the photoelectric coupler is respectively connected with a first key, a second key and a third key, a ninth resistor, a fourth capacitor and a tenth resistor which are connected in parallel are arranged between the first pin and the second pin of the photoelectric coupler, a fifth capacitor and an eighth resistor which are connected in parallel are arranged between the third pin and the fourth pin of the photoelectric coupler, and the third pin of the photoelectric coupler is an input pin and is connected with the thunder electromagnetic pulse signal sensor.

5. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the type of the trigger is FDS9945, 8 pins are arranged on the trigger, a pin II and a pin III of the trigger are correspondingly connected with a pin thirty-three and a pin thirty-four of the controller respectively, a first resistor is connected between the pin I and the pin II of the trigger, a second resistor is connected between the pin III and the pin IV of the trigger, and a pin eight of the trigger is connected with the timer.

6. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the type of the timer is DS1302, 8 pins are arranged on the timer, a fourth resistor and a fourth capacitor are arranged between a sixth pin and a seventh pin of the timer, and the seventh pin of the timer is connected with an eighth pin of the trigger.

7. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the driver is of the ULN2003 model, 16 pins are arranged on the driver, a first pin of the driver is connected with a forty-five pin of the controller, a seventh pin of the driver is connected with a thirty-eight pin of the controller, a sixteenth pin of the driver is provided with a third electromagnetic relay, the third electromagnetic relay is provided with a fifth resistor and a first diode which are connected in parallel, a tenth pin of the driver is provided with a first electromagnetic relay, the first electromagnetic relay is provided with a sixth resistor and a second diode which are connected in parallel, and an indicator light interface and a loudspeaker interface are respectively arranged on the second electromagnetic relay and the second electromagnetic relay.

8. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the model of the wireless transceiver is ESP8266, 8 pins are arranged on the wireless transceiver, a fourth pin of the wireless transceiver is connected with a twenty-first pin of the controller, and an eighth pin of the wireless transceiver is connected with a twenty-first pin of the controller.

9. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the voltage stabilizer comprises a voltage stabilizing chip LM7815, the first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the UPS power supply through a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor which are connected in parallel, a rectifier bridge is arranged on the UPS power supply, and the third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the first pin of the controller.

10. The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the controller is connected with a radiator, the type of the radiator is TC4427, the radiator is provided with 8 pins, a second pin of the radiator is connected with a twenty-fourth pin of the controller, a fourth pin of the radiator is connected with a twenty-fifth pin of the controller, an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube is connected to the fifth pin of the radiator through an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor which are connected in parallel, and a condenser tube is arranged on the MOS tube.

Background art:

lightning is a powerful and somewhat daunting discharge with lightning and thunder. The condition for generating thunder is that the thundercloud has accumulation and forms polarity, and the thunder can be generally divided into three categories of thermal thunder, sharp thunder and lightning and topographic thunder according to different terrains and meteorological conditions.

Typically, hot lightning is a type of lightning that occurs in summer, often afternoon, often accompanied by rainstorms or hailstones. The hot lightning is formed quickly and does not last for a long time, namely 1-2 hours; the length of the lightning area is no more than 200-300 km, and the width of the lightning area is no more than dozens of kilometers; when strong cold air or warm air flow invades a certain place at the same time, the front cover or the vicinity contacted by the cold air and the warm air can generate cold front thunder and lightning, the topographic thunder and lightning generally appears in a topographic open area, the scale of the topographic thunder and lightning is small, and the occurrence frequency is high.

In order to prevent damages caused by lightning, a lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system is required to be arranged, at present, the existing monitoring and early warning system is basically a two-dimensional positioning system, can only provide the position of a landing point of cloud-ground lightning, cannot provide a three-dimensional channel form for the development of the lightning, and limits the identification, prevention and protection work of lightning disaster accidents to a certain extent; the existing two-dimensional early warning positioning system adopts a threshold value method to carry out simple lightning positioning, so that the positioning precision is poor, the whole lightning generation and development process cannot be provided, corresponding basic parameter data cannot be collected and recorded in real time, and the customized service capability in industries and departments such as electric power, traffic, civil aviation, forestry, chemical industry and the like is limited; meanwhile, some existing three-dimensional early warning systems can only represent lightning by one point every time, and cannot provide a fine channel structure of lightning every time.

The invention content is as follows:

the embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system which is reasonable in structural design, based on the integrated control action and the pulse positioning principle of a controller, and combined with various electrical elements and structures, can provide a three-dimensional fine channel structure for generation and development of each lightning in real time, and collect, record and transmit a full waveform of a lightning signal in real time, can overcome the defects of a traditional two-dimensional lightning threshold method, improves the positioning precision, adopts an eight-path frequency conversion type detection technology, greatly reduces the missing detection rate, and improves the safety factor; meanwhile, by means of a three-dimensional GIS visualization technology, the three-dimensional characteristics of lightning occurrence development can be truly reproduced, and the problems in the prior art are solved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system comprises a control assembly, wherein eight paths of frequency conversion detection assemblies are connected to the control assembly, the eight paths of frequency conversion detection assemblies are used for detecting, detecting and acquiring pulse signals excited by lightning and converting the pulse signals into data types which can be identified by the control assembly, and each eight paths of frequency conversion detection assemblies comprise a lightning electromagnetic pulse signal sensor and a signal input device; the control assembly is connected with a three-dimensional imaging assembly, the three-dimensional imaging assembly is used for generating and displaying a three-dimensional fine channel structure, and the three-dimensional imaging assembly comprises a GIS imaging device and a liquid crystal display screen; the control assembly comprises a controller, an interlocking device, a trigger and a driver are connected to the controller, an auxiliary energy supply assembly is further connected to the control assembly, the auxiliary function assembly comprises a timer, an audible and visual alarm and a wireless transceiver, the controller is connected with an upper computer through the wireless transceiver to achieve remote communication, and the controller is connected with the signal input devices through the interlocking device to ensure that the signal input devices are not interfered with one another; the controller is connected with a timer through a trigger, the timer is used for recording time nodes of actions of the thunder electromagnetic pulse signal sensor, the controller is connected with an audible and visual alarm through a driver, and the audible and visual alarm is used for feeding back audible and visual alarm information when an emergency occurs; the controller is also connected with a power supply assembly, and the power supply assembly comprises a voltage stabilizer and a UPS power supply so as to provide stable power supply voltage for the controller.

The model of controller is STM32F103C8T6, is equipped with 64 pins on the controller, the controller links to each other with the stabiliser through a pin, the controller links to each other with signal input ware through No. two pins, No. three pins and No. four pins, the controller links to each other with GIS image device through No. fifteen pins, the controller links to each other with wireless transceiver through No. twenty pin and No. twenty-one pin, the controller links to each other with the trigger through No. thirty-three pin and No. thirty-four pin, the controller links to each other with the driver through No. thirty-eight pin and No. forty-five pin.

The interlocking device comprises a first normally open switch, a second normally open switch and a third normally open switch which are connected in parallel, wherein a resistor and a capacitor which are connected in parallel are respectively arranged on the first normally open switch, the second normally open switch and the third normally open switch and are connected with a signal input device, a first key, a second key and a third key are respectively arranged on the first normally open switch, the second normally open switch and the third normally open switch, the first key is connected with a pin II of the controller, the second key is connected with a pin III of the controller, and the third key is connected with a pin IV of the controller.

The signal input device comprises a photoelectric coupler TLP290, a first pin of the photoelectric coupler is respectively connected with a first key, a second key and a third key, a ninth resistor, a fourth capacitor and a tenth resistor which are connected in parallel are arranged between the first pin and the second pin of the photoelectric coupler, a fifth capacitor and an eighth resistor which are connected in parallel are arranged between the third pin and the fourth pin of the photoelectric coupler, and the third pin of the photoelectric coupler is an input pin and is connected with the thunder electromagnetic pulse signal sensor.

The type of the trigger is FDS9945, 8 pins are arranged on the trigger, a pin II and a pin III of the trigger are correspondingly connected with a pin thirty-three and a pin thirty-four of the controller respectively, a first resistor is connected between the pin I and the pin II of the trigger, a second resistor is connected between the pin III and the pin IV of the trigger, and a pin eight of the trigger is connected with the timer.

The type of the timer is DS1302, 8 pins are arranged on the timer, a fourth resistor and a fourth capacitor are arranged between a sixth pin and a seventh pin of the timer, and the seventh pin of the timer is connected with an eighth pin of the trigger.

The driver is of the ULN2003 model, 16 pins are arranged on the driver, a first pin of the driver is connected with a forty-five pin of the controller, a seventh pin of the driver is connected with a thirty-eight pin of the controller, a sixteenth pin of the driver is provided with a third electromagnetic relay, the third electromagnetic relay is provided with a fifth resistor and a first diode which are connected in parallel, a tenth pin of the driver is provided with a first electromagnetic relay, the first electromagnetic relay is provided with a sixth resistor and a second diode which are connected in parallel, and an indicator light interface and a loudspeaker interface are respectively arranged on the second electromagnetic relay and the second electromagnetic relay.

The model of the wireless transceiver is ESP8266, 8 pins are arranged on the wireless transceiver, a fourth pin of the wireless transceiver is connected with a twenty-first pin of the controller, and an eighth pin of the wireless transceiver is connected with a twenty-first pin of the controller.

The voltage stabilizer comprises a voltage stabilizing chip LM7815, the first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the UPS power supply through a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor which are connected in parallel, a rectifier bridge is arranged on the UPS power supply, and the third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the first pin of the controller.

The controller is connected with a radiator, the type of the radiator is TC4427, the radiator is provided with 8 pins, a second pin of the radiator is connected with a twenty-fourth pin of the controller, a fourth pin of the radiator is connected with a twenty-fifth pin of the controller, an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube is connected to the fifth pin of the radiator through an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor which are connected in parallel, and a condenser tube is arranged on the MOS tube.

By adopting the structure, the pulse signals excited by the thunder and lightning are detected and obtained through the eight paths of variable frequency detection components, and are converted into data types which can be identified by the control component and transmitted to the controller, so that the missing detection rate is greatly reduced, and the detection radius is enlarged to about 300 km; the lightning electromagnetic pulse signal sensor is matched with the timer, and the full waveform of the lightning signal is collected, recorded and transmitted in real time, so that the defects of the traditional two-dimensional lightning threshold value method can be overcome, and the positioning precision is improved; the three-dimensional space position of the lightning synchronous pulse radiation source is calculated by adopting a cross-correlation optimization method through the cooperation of a GIS imaging device and a liquid crystal display screen, the three-dimensional characteristics of lightning occurrence development can be truly reproduced, and the problem of lightning high-precision positioning can be solved; by means of a grid-variable two-dimensional FDTD technology, shielding and attenuation of lightning electromagnetic signals by real landform isolated mountains are avoided, and lightning positioning errors and intensity estimation accuracy are reduced; the three-dimensional channel structure for lightning occurrence and development is provided in real time, a lightning event can be truly reproduced, powerful support can be provided for lightning disaster accident identification, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, simplicity, convenience and practicability.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the control assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an electrical schematic of the controller of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an electrical schematic of the interlock device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an electrical schematic diagram of the signal input device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an electrical schematic of the trigger of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an electrical schematic of the timepiece of the invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a lightning impulse signal sensor according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless transceiver according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an electrical schematic of the actuator of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is an electrical schematic of the audible and visual alarm of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is an electrical schematic diagram of the voltage regulator of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is an electrical schematic diagram of the heat sink of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system includes a control component, on which eight frequency conversion detection components are connected, the eight frequency conversion detection components are used for detecting, acquiring and detecting a pulse signal excited by lightning and converting the pulse signal into a data type recognizable by the control component, and the eight frequency conversion detection components include a lightning electromagnetic pulse signal sensor and a signal input unit; the control assembly is connected with a three-dimensional imaging assembly, the three-dimensional imaging assembly is used for generating and displaying a three-dimensional fine channel structure, and the three-dimensional imaging assembly comprises a GIS imaging device and a liquid crystal display screen; the control assembly comprises a controller, an interlocking device, a trigger and a driver are connected to the controller, an auxiliary energy supply assembly is further connected to the control assembly, the auxiliary function assembly comprises a timer, an audible and visual alarm and a wireless transceiver, the controller is connected with an upper computer through the wireless transceiver to achieve remote communication, and the controller is connected with the signal input devices through the interlocking device to ensure that the signal input devices are not interfered with one another; the controller is connected with a timer through a trigger, the timer is used for recording time nodes of actions of the thunder electromagnetic pulse signal sensor, the controller is connected with an audible and visual alarm through a driver, and the audible and visual alarm is used for feeding back audible and visual alarm information when an emergency occurs; the controller is also connected with a power supply assembly, and the power supply assembly comprises a voltage stabilizer and a UPS power supply so as to provide stable power supply voltage for the controller.

The model of controller is STM32F103C8T6, is equipped with 64 pins on the controller, the controller links to each other with the stabiliser through a pin, the controller links to each other with signal input ware through No. two pins, No. three pins and No. four pins, the controller links to each other with GIS image device through No. fifteen pins, the controller links to each other with wireless transceiver through No. twenty pin and No. twenty-one pin, the controller links to each other with the trigger through No. thirty-three pin and No. thirty-four pin, the controller links to each other with the driver through No. thirty-eight pin and No. forty-five pin.

The interlocking device comprises a first normally open switch, a second normally open switch and a third normally open switch which are connected in parallel, wherein a resistor and a capacitor which are connected in parallel are respectively arranged on the first normally open switch, the second normally open switch and the third normally open switch and are connected with a signal input device, a first key, a second key and a third key are respectively arranged on the first normally open switch, the second normally open switch and the third normally open switch, the first key is connected with a pin II of the controller, the second key is connected with a pin III of the controller, and the third key is connected with a pin IV of the controller.

The signal input device comprises a photoelectric coupler TLP290, a first pin of the photoelectric coupler is respectively connected with a first key, a second key and a third key, a ninth resistor, a fourth capacitor and a tenth resistor which are connected in parallel are arranged between the first pin and the second pin of the photoelectric coupler, a fifth capacitor and an eighth resistor which are connected in parallel are arranged between the third pin and the fourth pin of the photoelectric coupler, and the third pin of the photoelectric coupler is an input pin and is connected with the thunder electromagnetic pulse signal sensor.

The type of the trigger is FDS9945, 8 pins are arranged on the trigger, a pin II and a pin III of the trigger are correspondingly connected with a pin thirty-three and a pin thirty-four of the controller respectively, a first resistor is connected between the pin I and the pin II of the trigger, a second resistor is connected between the pin III and the pin IV of the trigger, and a pin eight of the trigger is connected with the timer.

The type of the timer is DS1302, 8 pins are arranged on the timer, a fourth resistor and a fourth capacitor are arranged between a sixth pin and a seventh pin of the timer, and the seventh pin of the timer is connected with an eighth pin of the trigger.

The driver is of the ULN2003 model, 16 pins are arranged on the driver, a first pin of the driver is connected with a forty-five pin of the controller, a seventh pin of the driver is connected with a thirty-eight pin of the controller, a sixteenth pin of the driver is provided with a third electromagnetic relay, the third electromagnetic relay is provided with a fifth resistor and a first diode which are connected in parallel, a tenth pin of the driver is provided with a first electromagnetic relay, the first electromagnetic relay is provided with a sixth resistor and a second diode which are connected in parallel, and an indicator light interface and a loudspeaker interface are respectively arranged on the second electromagnetic relay and the second electromagnetic relay.

The model of the wireless transceiver is ESP8266, 8 pins are arranged on the wireless transceiver, a fourth pin of the wireless transceiver is connected with a twenty-first pin of the controller, and an eighth pin of the wireless transceiver is connected with a twenty-first pin of the controller.

The voltage stabilizer comprises a voltage stabilizing chip LM7815, the first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the UPS power supply through a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor which are connected in parallel, a rectifier bridge is arranged on the UPS power supply, and the third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the first pin of the controller.

The controller is connected with a radiator, the type of the radiator is TC4427, the radiator is provided with 8 pins, a second pin of the radiator is connected with a twenty-fourth pin of the controller, a fourth pin of the radiator is connected with a twenty-fifth pin of the controller, an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube is connected to the fifth pin of the radiator through an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor which are connected in parallel, and a condenser tube is arranged on the MOS tube.

The working principle of the three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system in the embodiment of the invention is as follows: based on the integrated control action and the pulse positioning principle of the controller, various electrical elements and structures are combined, a three-dimensional fine channel structure which is developed and generated by each lightning can be provided in real time, the full waveform of a lightning signal is collected, recorded and transmitted in real time, the defect of a traditional two-dimensional lightning threshold value method can be overcome, the positioning precision is improved, the eight-path frequency conversion type detection technology is adopted, the missing detection rate is greatly reduced, and the safety coefficient is improved; meanwhile, by means of a three-dimensional GIS visualization technology, the three-dimensional characteristics of lightning occurrence and development can be truly reproduced.

The whole work flow is as follows: firstly, a high-gain frequency modulation type lightning electromagnetic pulse signal sensor is used for realizing real-time capture of pulse signals of different frequency bands excited by lightning; then, electromagnetic interference caused by complex landforms and site environments is eliminated through experimental means and various electromagnetic simulation technologies; and finally, combining key positioning technologies such as 'waveform correlation' and 'peak searching matching' and the like, and combining the respective advantages of the multi-band magnetic signal and the electric signal in the positioning technology to realize the track motion description of the development of lightning of different distances and different types in a three-dimensional space.

Specifically, by utilizing a variable grid two-dimensional FDTD technology, the shielding and attenuation of the lightning electromagnetic signals by real landform isolated mountains are solved, and the lightning positioning error and the intensity estimation precision are reduced; and the detection efficiency can be improved by adopting a frequency conversion type detection technology according to the influence of special landforms and landforms in different areas and site electromagnetic interference on detection.

The three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system in the embodiment of the invention aims to achieve the purposes of monitoring, early warning and protecting key lightning protection areas by compatible matched application of a three-dimensional lightning positioning system and a passive corona field lightning arrester, and can pertinently give lightning stroke risk levels in the process of different types of thunderstorm activities through establishing a three-dimensional lightning full-information detection network, accurately position, early warn and timely protect the lightning, so that the lightning stroke disaster prevention and control work can achieve the unification of effectiveness, rationality and economy, and the loss of lightning disasters is reduced to the maximum extent.

In order to ensure that a user can timely acquire related lightning early warning information, a timer is required to be set to record corresponding action time nodes, and different signal issuing forms such as C/S and B/S are adopted to set the lightning early warning information according to the requirements of different industries and departments.

In the whole scheme, the controller is used as a core component, 64 pins are arranged on the controller, the controller is connected with the voltage stabilizer through a pin I, the controller is connected with the signal input device through a pin II, a pin III and a pin IV, the controller is connected with the GIS imaging device through a pin fifteen, the controller is connected with the wireless transceiver through a pin twenty and a pin twenty-one, the controller is connected with the trigger through a pin thirty-thirteen and a pin thirty-four, and the controller is connected with the driver through a pin eighteen and a pin forty-five, so that real-time monitoring and early warning of thunder and lightning are realized, a three-dimensional fine channel structure for occurrence and development of the thunder and lightning is provided, and full waveforms of thunder and lightning signals are acquired, recorded and transmitted in real time.

Preferably, the controller is connected with the signal input devices through an interlocking device to ensure that the signal input devices are not interfered with each other; the interlocking device comprises a first normally open switch, a second normally open switch and a third normally open switch which are connected in parallel, wherein a resistor and a capacitor which are connected in parallel are respectively arranged on the first normally open switch, the second normally open switch and the third normally open switch and are connected with the signal input device; the signal input device comprises a photoelectric coupler TLP290, a first pin of the photoelectric coupler is respectively connected with a first key, a second key and a third key, a ninth resistor, a fourth capacitor and a tenth resistor which are connected in parallel are arranged between the first pin and the second pin of the photoelectric coupler, a fifth capacitor and an eighth resistor which are connected in parallel are arranged between the third pin and the fourth pin of the photoelectric coupler, and the third pin of the photoelectric coupler is an input pin and is connected with the thunder electromagnetic pulse signal sensor; the quantity of the normally open switch in the interlocking device is set according to the quantity of thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse signal sensor, and the index corresponds, and 3 normally open switches in the interlocking device can be input into the controller when 8 thunder and lightning electromagnetic pulse signal sensor gather the signal in proper order, guarantee that the signal that the controller received can not take place disorderly.

Preferably, the controller is connected with a timer through a trigger, and the timer is used for recording the time node of the action of the lightning electromagnetic pulse signal sensor, so that the action of the functional electric element is synchronized; the type of the trigger is FDS9945, 8 pins are arranged on the trigger, a pin II and a pin III of the trigger are correspondingly connected with a pin thirty-three and a pin thirty-four of the controller respectively, a first resistor is connected between the pin I and the pin II of the trigger, a second resistor is connected between the pin III and the pin IV of the trigger, and a pin eight of the trigger is connected with the timer; the model of the timer is DS1302, 8 pins are arranged on the timer, a fourth resistor and a fourth capacitor are arranged between a sixth pin and a seventh pin of the timer, the seventh pin of the timer is connected with an eighth pin of the trigger, the trigger triggers the timer to act to record corresponding time nodes when signals are input every time, and therefore it is guaranteed that each signal acquisition has one-to-one corresponding time nodes, and errors are reduced.

Preferably, the controller is connected with the liquid crystal display screen through the GIS imaging device so as to display the corresponding three-dimensional fine channel structure on the liquid crystal display screen; GIS belongs to a class of information systems, differing in that it is capable of operating and processing georeferenced data describing the location and attributes of elements of the earth's surface space, two geographic data components in GIS: spatial data relating to spatial element geometry; the attribute data provides information of the space elements, so that the method can be applied to the fields of lightning early warning and imaging; the liquid crystal display screen can clearly show corresponding detailed images, and more intuitively shows a three-dimensional structure.

Preferably, the controller is connected with the audible and visual alarm through the driver, and the audible and visual alarm is used for feeding back audible and visual alarm information when an emergency occurs; when a thunder disaster occurs, the thunder disaster is fed back to a user side in time, and sound and light alarm information is sent out to prompt the user to adopt corresponding protection measures; the driver is of the type ULN2003, 16 pins are arranged on the driver, a pin of the driver is connected with a pin forty-five of the controller, a pin seven of the driver is connected with a pin thirty-eight of the controller, a pin sixteen of the driver is provided with a third electromagnetic relay, a fifth resistor and a first diode which are connected in parallel are arranged on the third electromagnetic relay, a pin ten of the driver is provided with a first electromagnetic relay, a sixth resistor and a second diode which are connected in parallel are arranged on the first electromagnetic relay, and an indicator light interface and a loudspeaker interface are respectively arranged on the second electromagnetic relay and the second electromagnetic relay.

Preferably, the model of wireless transceiver is ESP8266, is equipped with 8 pins on wireless transceiver, and wireless transceiver's No. four pins link to each other with the No. twenty pin of controller, and wireless transceiver's No. eight pin links to each other with the No. twenty-one pin of controller, makes to establish wireless communication between controller and the user host computer, realizes uploading in real time of thunder and lightning monitoring early warning data.

Preferably, the controller is connected with a radiator, the radiator is TC4427 in model number, the radiator is provided with 8 pins, the second pin of the radiator is connected with the twenty-fourth pin of the controller, the fourth pin of the radiator is connected with the twenty-fifth pin of the controller, the fifth pin of the radiator is connected with an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube through an eleventh resistor and a twelfth resistor which are connected in parallel, and the MOS tube is provided with a condenser tube, so that overhigh temperature rise of the controller can be reduced, and the controller can be kept to stably operate for a long time.

In summary, the three-dimensional lightning real-time monitoring and early warning system in the embodiment of the invention is based on the integrated control function and the pulse positioning principle of the controller, and combines various electrical elements and structures, can provide a three-dimensional fine channel structure for occurrence and development of each lightning in real time, and can collect, record and transmit a full waveform of a lightning signal in real time, so that the defects of a traditional two-dimensional lightning threshold method can be overcome, the positioning precision is improved, and the eight-path frequency conversion type detection technology is adopted, so that the missing detection rate is greatly reduced, and the safety factor is improved; meanwhile, by means of a three-dimensional GIS visualization technology, the three-dimensional characteristics of lightning occurrence and development can be truly reproduced.

The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternative modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.