1. The utility model provides a soil body frost heaving rate testing arrangement around tunnel which characterized in that: the device comprises a sample installation test system, a fixing device, a liquid supplementing device, a refrigerating system, a volume pressure control system and a data acquisition device; fixing device sets up inside sample installation test system and is used for supporting sample installation test system, the inside intercommunication of fluid infusion device and sample installation test system, for ground body test base member (2) moisturizing of sample installation test system and for the inner ring middle part space oil supplementation of ground body test base member (2), the inside refrigerating system who is its quick refrigeration that is equipped with of sample installation test system, volume pressure control system carries out pressure control and measures ground body test base member (2) middle part discharge liquid's volume behind the frost heaving to sample installation test system with fluid infusion device intercommunication, data acquisition device and sample installation test system and volume pressure control system are connected for data acquisition.

2. The device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil around the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the test sample installation and test system comprises a rock-soil body test base body (2), a base body base (18), a linear temperature sensor (1), an annular permeable stone (5), an annular hollow steel shell (19), a steel casing (25) and a rigid heat-insulation upper cover (22); the rock-soil body testing base body (2) is an annular soil body and is fixed at the central part of the base body base (18), a plurality of layers of linear temperature sensors (1) are arranged in the rock-soil body testing base body (2) along the axial direction, the linear temperature sensors (1) are radially arranged at intervals of 90 degrees on each layer, the outer ring of the rock-soil body testing base body (2) is tightly contacted with the inner wall of the annular permeable stone (5), and the outer side of the annular permeable stone (5) is tightly connected with the inner ring of the annular hollow steel shell (19); the inner ring of the rock-soil body testing base body (2) is tightly provided with a rubber film (26), a steel protective cylinder (25) is sleeved outside the annular hollow steel shell (19) in a clearance mode, the top of the steel protective cylinder (25) is provided with a rigid heat-insulation upper cover (22), and heat-insulation sponge (15) is filled in the steel protective cylinder (25) and the rigid heat-insulation upper cover (22).

3. The device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil around the tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: the fixing device comprises a plurality of fixing rod limiting nuts (23), a plurality of fixing rods (24) and a plurality of supporting legs (17); the rock-soil mass testing base body (2) is supported on a base body base (18) through a plurality of support legs (17), the interior of the rigid heat-insulation upper cover (22) is supported by the plurality of support legs (17), and heat-insulation sponge (15) is filled around the rigid heat-insulation upper cover; the base body base (18) is connected with the rigid heat-preservation upper cover (22) through a plurality of fixing rods (24), and the fixing rods (24) are adjusted and fixed through fixing rod limiting nuts (23).

4. The device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil around the tunnel according to claim 3, wherein: the liquid supplementing device comprises an oil supplementing tank (10), an oil supplementing pipe (6), a water supplementing tank (11) and a water supplementing pipe (16); the oil supplementing tank (10) supplements aviation oil to the inner ring middle space of the rock-soil body testing base body (2) through the oil supplementing pipe (6), and the water supplementing tank (11) is communicated with the water supplementing pipe (16) to supplement water to the rock-soil body testing base body (2) through the annular permeable stone (5).

5. The device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil around the tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: the refrigerating system comprises an inner spiral cooling pipe (4), an outer spiral cooling pipe (21), a cooling liquid circulation pipe (9) and two cold bath machines (20); an inner spiral cooling pipe (4) is arranged in the inner ring of the rubber film (26), and a linear temperature sensor (1) is arranged in the middle of the inner spiral cooling pipe (4); the outer spiral cooling pipe (21) is sleeved in the annular wall cavity of the annular hollow steel shell (19) in a ring mode; one cold bath machine (20) of the two cold bath machines (20) is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the inner spiral cooling pipe (4) through a cooling liquid runner pipe (9), and the other cold bath machine (20) is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the outer spiral cooling pipe (21) through the cooling liquid runner pipe (9).

6. The device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil around the tunnel according to claim 5, wherein: the volume pressure control system comprises a pressure volume controller (12) for performing pressure control; the pressure volume controller (12) is installed on the oil supplementing pipe (6) and keeps the volume of aviation oil in the middle space of the inner ring of the rock-soil body testing base body through the oil supplementing pipe (6), controls the pressure of the middle space of the inner ring of the rock-soil body testing base body (2) to be unchanged, is used for testing the volume of liquid discharged from the middle of the low-temperature rock-soil body testing base body (2), and can calculate the real frost heaving deformation of the rock-soil body testing base body (2).

7. The device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil around the tunnel according to claim 6, wherein: the data acquisition device comprises a data acquisition instrument (13), a computer (14) and a plurality of data acquisition lines (3); the data of the linear temperature sensors (1) are transmitted to a data acquisition instrument (13) through data acquisition lines (3), the data acquisition instrument (13) is connected with a computer (14), all data are processed by the computer (14), and the data of the pressure volume controller (12) are connected with the computer (14) through the data acquisition lines (3).

8. The device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil around the tunnel according to claim 3, wherein: the foot (17) is made of polyvinyl chloride material.

9. The device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil around the tunnel according to claim 5, wherein: the outer spiral cooling pipe (21) and the inner spiral cooling pipe (4) are made of brass.

Background

In recent years. The scale and the number of tunnel construction in cold areas of China are increasing day by day. Tunnels constructed in cold regions are all subjected to freezing damage to different degrees, and normal operation of the tunnels is threatened. After the tunnel in the cold region is built, the water-containing soil body around the tunnel freezes and expands in winter, and frost heaving force acts on the lining, so that the lining concrete cracks and leaks water, the safe operation of the tunnel is influenced, the driving safety is endangered, the healthy service of the tunnel is even influenced, and the service life is reduced. Therefore, adverse effects of frost heaving deformation of soil around the tunnel need to be considered in the design and construction of the project.

The current research conclusion shows that the frost heaving deformation of the soil body presents obvious anisotropy, namely that the frost heaving quantity in the flow direction of the heat flow is obviously larger than that in the vertical direction of the heat flow. For a tunnel in a cold region in a homogeneous stratum, the heat flow direction of the tunnel is consistent with the normal direction of a tunnel lining, negative temperature continuously develops towards surrounding soil along a lining normal line, and the freezing mode of the tunnel is obviously different from the one-dimensional freezing mode of a horizontal stratum simulated by a traditional one-dimensional freezing test, so that the frost heaving rate of the soil obtained based on the one-dimensional frost heaving test is not reasonable when applied to lining frost damage evaluation.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above problems, the invention provides a device for testing the frost heaving rate of the soil body around the tunnel, which is suitable for simulating the frost heaving deformation of the soil body around the tunnel in the cold region and can accurately test the frost heaving deformation rate of the soil body around the tunnel in the cold region.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a test device for simulating frost heaving deformation of soil around a tunnel comprises a sample installation test system, a fixing device, a liquid supplementing device, a refrigerating system, a volume pressure control system and a data acquisition device; fixing device sets up inside sample installation test system and is used for supporting sample installation test system, the inside intercommunication of fluid infusion device and sample installation test system for ground body test base member moisturizing of sample installation test system and for the inner ring middle part space oil supplementation of ground body test base member, the inside refrigerating system who is its quick refrigeration that is equipped with of sample installation test system, volume pressure control system and fluid infusion device intercommunication carry out pressure control and measure the volume of rock body test base member middle part discharge liquid behind the frost heaving to sample installation test system, data acquisition device and sample installation test system and volume pressure control headtotail for data acquisition.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention realizes reasonable test of frost heaving deformation index of soil around the circular tunnel by arranging a reasonable thermal control device, and breaks through the defect of frost heaving rate tested by the current one-dimensional frost heaving test in the frost heaving prevention design of tunnel engineering.

2. The pressure volume controller enables the internal pressure of the rock-soil mass testing base body to be at a constant value, can accurately measure the volume change of the liquid at the middle part of the inner ring of the rock-soil mass testing base body in real time, and can further reduce errors by adopting the aviation oil with extremely small thermal expansion and cold contraction values, thereby obtaining the accurate frost heaving deformation rate.

3. The invention adopts the linear temperature sensor to test the temperature in a rock-soil mass test matrix in a wider range, and the transverse and longitudinal directions of the temperature sensor are effectively measured.

4. The refrigerating system consisting of the cold bath machine, the inner spiral cooling pipe, the outer spiral cooling pipe and the cooling liquid circulation pipe can be used for quickly and accurately cooling to a specified temperature, and the frost heaving deformation process of the soil body around the actual cold region tunnel can be effectively simulated.

5. The whole testing process can realize real-time monitoring, real-time acquisition and real-time calculation, and can feed back frost heaving deformation data of the rock-soil body testing matrix in the whole cooling process in real time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of section A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of section B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of section C-C of FIG. 1;

wherein: 1. a linear temperature sensor; 2. testing a matrix by using a rock-soil body; 3. a data acquisition line; 4. an inner spiral cooling tube; 5. a ring-shaped porous stone; 6. supplementing an oil pipe; 7. an exhaust pipe; 8. an exhaust valve; 9. a coolant flow pipe; 10. an oil supplementing tank; 11. a water replenishing tank; 12. a pressure volume controller; 13. a data acquisition instrument; 14. a computer; 15. heat-insulating sponge; 16. a water replenishing pipe; 17. a support leg; 18. a base; 19. an annular hollow steel shell; 20. a cold bath machine; 21. an outer spiral cooling tube; 22. a rigid heat-insulating upper cover; 23. fixing a rod limit nut; 24. fixing the rod; 25. a steel casing; 26. and (4) a rubber membrane.

Detailed Description

For better understanding of the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-4.

As shown in fig. 1, a test device for simulating frost heaving deformation of a soil body around a tunnel comprises a sample installation test system, a fixing device, a liquid supplementing device, a refrigerating system, a volume pressure control system and a data acquisition device; fixing device sets up inside sample installation test system and is used for supporting sample installation test system, the inside intercommunication of fluid infusion device and sample installation test system, for the 2 moisturizing of ground body test base member of sample installation test system and for the inner ring middle part space oil supplementation of ground body test base member 2, the inside refrigerating system who is its quick refrigeration that is equipped with of sample installation test system, volume pressure control system and fluid infusion device intercommunication carry out pressure control and measure the volume of rock body test base member 2 middle part discharge liquid behind the frost heave to sample installation test system, data acquisition device and sample installation test system and volume pressure control headtotail for data acquisition.

As shown in fig. 1, the sample installation and test system comprises a rock-soil body test base body 2, a base body base 18, a linear temperature sensor 1, an annular permeable stone 5, an annular hollow steel shell 19, a steel casing 25 and a rigid heat-preservation upper cover 22; the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 is an annular soil body with the height of 15cm to 20cm and is fixed at the central part of the matrix base 18, a plurality of layers of linear temperature sensors 1 are arranged in the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 along the axial direction, the linear temperature sensors 1 are radially arranged at intervals of 90 degrees on each layer, the outer ring of the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 is tightly contacted with the inner wall of an annular permeable stone 5, and the outer side of the annular permeable stone 5 is tightly connected with the inner ring of an annular hollow steel shell 19; the inner ring of the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 is tightly provided with a rubber membrane 26, the steel casing 25 is sleeved outside the annular hollow steel shell 19 in a clearance mode, the rigid heat-preservation upper cover 22 completely covers the top of the sample installation testing system, the rigid heat-preservation upper cover 22 is filled with heat-preservation sponge 15 except for the solid part with the protruded edge, and the rest of the internal space is filled with heat-preservation sponge 15, namely the diameter of the part, filled with the heat-preservation sponge 15, of the rigid heat-preservation upper cover 22 is consistent with the outer diameter of the annular hollow steel shell 19; and the heat-insulating sponge 15 is filled in the steel casing 25 to isolate the heat exchange between the rock-soil mass testing matrix 2 and the external environment, so that frost heaving deformation is prevented from occurring from the top and the bottom of the rock-soil mass testing matrix 2.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the fixing device includes a plurality of fixing rod limit nuts 23, a plurality of fixing rods 24 and a plurality of support legs 17; the rock-soil body testing base body 2 is supported on a base body base 18 through a plurality of support legs 17, preferably four support legs, and the rigid heat-insulation upper cover 22 is internally supported by a plurality of support legs 17, preferably four support legs, and is filled with heat-insulation sponge 15; the base body base 18 is connected with the rigid heat-preservation upper cover 22 through a plurality of fixing rods 24, and the fixing rods 24 are adjusted and fixed through fixing rod limiting nuts 23.

As shown in fig. 1, the fluid infusion device includes an oil infusion tank 10, an oil infusion pipe 6, a water infusion tank 11 and an infusion pipe 16; the oil supplementing tank 10 supplements aviation oil to the inner ring middle space of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 through the oil supplementing pipe 6, and the water supplementing tank 11 is communicated with the water supplementing pipe 16 to supplement water to the rock-soil body testing base body 2 through the annular permeable stones 5.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the refrigeration system comprises an inner spiral cooling pipe 4, an outer spiral cooling pipe 21, a cooling liquid circulation pipe 9 and a cold bath machine 20; an internal spiral cooling pipe 4 is arranged in the inner ring of the rubber film 26, and a linear temperature sensor 1 is arranged in the middle of the internal spiral cooling pipe 4; the outer spiral cooling pipe 21 is sleeved in a cavity of the annular wall of the annular hollow steel shell 19 in a sleeved mode, specifically, the outer side of the outer spiral cooling pipe 21 is arranged on the outer ring of the annular hollow steel shell 19, and the inner side of the outer spiral cooling pipe 21 is arranged on the inner ring of the annular hollow steel shell 19; one cold bath machine 20 of the two cold bath machines 20 is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the inner spiral cooling pipe 4 through a cooling liquid runner pipe 9, the other cold bath machine 20 is communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the outer spiral cooling pipe 21 through the cooling liquid runner pipe 9,

and refrigerating cooling liquid by using a cold bath machine 20, wherein the cooling liquid passes through a cooling liquid flow pipe 9 to reach the inner spiral cooling pipe 4 and the outer spiral cooling pipe 21, the temperature is reduced by circulation, and the liquid around the inner spiral cooling pipe 4 adopts aviation oil with extremely small expansion and contraction values.

As shown in fig. 1, the volume pressure control system includes a pressure volume controller 12 for performing pressure control; the pressure volume controller 12 is installed on the oil supplementing pipe 6, keeps the volume of the aviation oil in the middle space of the inner ring of the rock-soil mass testing base body through the oil supplementing pipe 6, controls the pressure in the middle space of the inner ring of the rock-soil mass testing base body 2 to be unchanged, is used for testing the volume of liquid discharged from the middle of the low-temperature rock-soil mass testing base body 2, and can calculate the real frost heaving deformation of the rock-soil mass testing base body 2.

As shown in fig. 1, the data acquisition device comprises a data acquisition instrument 13, a computer 14 and a plurality of data acquisition lines 3; the data of a plurality of linear temperature sensors 1 are all transmitted to a data acquisition instrument 13 through a data acquisition line 3, the data acquisition instrument 13 is connected with a computer 14, the computer 14 processes all the data, and the data of a pressure volume controller 12 is connected with the computer 14 through the data acquisition line 3.

The feet 17 are made of polyvinyl chloride material.

The outer spiral cooling pipe 21 and the inner spiral cooling pipe 4 are made of brass.

Four equal-height supporting legs 17 are placed at the bottom of the rock-soil body testing base body 2, the four equal-height supporting legs 17 are also placed inside the rigid heat-insulation upper cover 22, included angles among the four equal-height supporting legs 17 are 90 degrees, the verticality of the structural device can be guaranteed, the four equal-height supporting legs 17 are placed on the base body base 18, the rigid heat-insulation upper cover 22 is connected with the fixing rod 24 through the fixing rod limiting nut 23, the whole device can be constrained, and the stability of the whole structural device is enhanced.

The refrigeration system can rapidly refrigerate and automatically regulate the temperature, and has good constant temperature effect and simple and convenient operation. The aviation oil and the annular hollow steel shell 19 in the middle space of the inner ring of the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 can be cooled simultaneously, and the frost heaving deformation process of the soil body is realized. The rigidity heat preservation upper cover 22 need set up four wire guides (be used for the installation of data acquisition line 3), the rigidity heat preservation upper cover 22 of 2 top central hollow departments of ground body testing base member need set up three pipeline hole (be used for moisturizing oil pipe 6, the installation of coolant flow siphunculus 9 and blast pipe 7 respectively), the rigidity heat preservation upper cover 22 at cyclic annular permeable stone 5 tops also need set up a pipeline hole (be used for moisturizing pipe 16's installation), set up a pipeline hole (be used for moisturizing pipe 16's installation) again at cyclic annular hollow box hat 19 tops. The annular hollow steel shell 19 at the center of the bottom of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 is provided with a pipeline hole (used for installing the cooling liquid through pipe 9), and the bottom of the annular hollow steel shell 19 is provided with a pipeline hole (used for installing the cooling liquid through pipe 9). At the inner ring of the rock-soil mass testing base body 2, cooling liquid replenishes the inner spiral cooling pipe 4 in the middle of the inner ring of the rock-soil mass testing base body 2 with cooling liquid from the cold bath machine 20 through the cooling liquid runner pipe 9, and then flows to the cold bath machine 20 through the cooling liquid runner pipe 9. At the outer ring of the rock-soil mass testing base body, cooling liquid replenishes the cooling liquid for the outer spiral cooling pipe 21 from the cold bath machine 20 through the cooling liquid runner pipe 9, and then flows to the cold bath machine 20 through the cooling liquid runner pipe 9. The pressure volume controller 12 is communicated with an oil supplementing tank 10 of aviation oil, liquid is supplemented to the middle of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 through an oil supplementing pipe 6, an exhaust pipe 7 is arranged at the hollow center of the top of the rock-soil body testing base body 2, an exhaust valve 8 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 7, and the exhaust pipe 7 and the exhaust valve 8 can ensure that the aviation oil is injected into the circular ring by the pressure volume controller 12.

The linear temperature sensor 1 is placed in the rock-soil body testing matrix 2, and can monitor the temperature change of the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 in the frost heaving deformation process in real time. The center of the inner spiral cooling pipe 4 is provided with a linear temperature sensor 1, six linear temperature sensors 1 are arranged in the radial direction of the inner part of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 at equal intervals to form a group, three groups of linear temperature sensors 1 are arranged in the height direction of the inner wall of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 at equal intervals, the three groups of linear temperature sensors 1 are arranged in the circular direction of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 at equal intervals for four times, and then twelve groups of linear temperature sensors 1 and seventy three linear temperature sensors 1 are arranged. The linear temperature sensor 1 is connected with a data acquisition instrument 13 through a data acquisition line 3, the data acquisition instrument 13 is connected with a computer 14, and the acquired data is analyzed by the computer 14. The inner ring of the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 is provided with a tight rubber membrane 26, which can prevent the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 from directly contacting with aviation oil. The top of the testing device is completely covered by the rigid heat-insulating upper cover 22, the heat-insulating sponge 15 is filled in the rest inner space of the rigid heat-insulating upper cover 22 except the solid part protruding from the edge, and the heat-insulating sponge 15 is also filled in the steel casing 25 so as to isolate the heat exchange between the rock-soil body testing matrix 2 and the external environment and ensure that frost heaving deformation does not occur from the top and the bottom of the rock-soil body testing matrix 2.

The frost heaving deformation test of the rock-soil body test matrix 2 is mainly realized by a pressure volume controller 12 and a refrigeration system. The pressure volume controller 12 is connected to a computer 14, and the data collected by the pressure volume controller 12 is analyzed by the computer 14. The pressure volume controller 12 extracts the aviation oil from the oil supplementing tank 10, and further fills the aviation oil into the internal space of the rock-soil body testing base body 2, in the filling process, an exhaust valve 8 in the center of the top of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 needs to be opened, so that gas in the device and in the external environment is communicated with the opened exhaust valve 8 through an exhaust pipe 7, after the aviation oil is filled, the exhaust valve 8 is closed, and the pressure volume controller 12 is used for setting the liquid pressure in the internal space of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 to be maintained at a constant value. The inner spiral cooling pipe 4, the outer spiral cooling pipe 21, the cold bath machine 20 and the cooling liquid circulation pipe 9 form a refrigerating device, cold baths communicated with the inner spiral pipe and the outer spiral pipe are respectively controlled, so that a stable temperature gradient is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular soil body, the rock-soil body testing base body 2 is frozen from inside to outside under the circumferential temperature gradient, the rock-soil body testing base body 2 is subjected to frost heaving deformation in the process, the volume of the inner space of the rock-soil body testing base body 2 changes at the moment, partial aviation oil is discharged back to the pressure volume controller 12, the pressure volume controller 12 can monitor the volume of the aviation oil discharged from the interior of the rock-soil body testing base body 2, namely the change of the frost heaving deformation volume of the rock-soil body testing base body 2, and therefore an accurate frost heaving deformation rate is obtained.

It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.