1. A method for measuring the restoring force of an ecological system in a strip mine reclamation area is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: establishing a hierarchical structure model of the resilience measure of the ecological system of the strip mine reclamation area according to the influence indexes of the function restoration of the ecological system of the strip mine reclamation area; the hierarchical structure includes: a target layer a, a criterion layer b and an index layer c;

the target layer a takes the ecological restoration force as an evaluation target;

the criterion layer b includes: atmospheric environment b1, topographic condition b2, hydrological condition b3, soil condition b4, rhizosphere microbial community condition b5, vegetation condition b 6;

the index layer c includes: PM2.5c1, PM10c2, TSPc3, gradient c4, slope length c5, groundwater level c6, groundwater salinity c7, soil moisture c8, soil pHc9, soil organic matter c10, soil fast-acting phosphorus c11, soil fast-acting potassium c12, soil total nitrogen c13, soil bulk weight c14, soil porosity c15, acid phosphatase activity c16, sucrase activity c17, soil urease activity c18, microorganism species c19, microorganism quantity c20, microorganism diversity c21, species number c22, coverage c23, strain number c24, diversity index c25, aboveground biomass c26, underground biomass c 27;

s2: respectively constructing a judgment matrix A of a target layer a by a criterion layer B and a judgment matrix B of an index layer B when the index layer c is aligned with the criterion layer B, obtaining weight vectors of all judgment matrices by adopting a square root method and consistency test, and calculating the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a, namely the weight of each index in a measure value of the restoring force of an ecological system in a strip mine reclamation area;

s3: carrying out relative value operation on the actually measured data of each index in the index layer c in the reclamation area and the undisturbed background area to determine the score of each index in the index layer c;

s4: and (4) calculating the resilience measure of the ecological system in the open-pit mine reclamation area by utilizing a comprehensive index evaluation method according to the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a and the score of each index in the index layer c.

2. The method for measuring ecosystem restoration force in a strip mine reclamation area according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, the target layer a corresponds to an atmospheric environment b1, a topographic condition b2, a hydrological condition b3, a soil condition b4, a rhizosphere microbial community condition b5 and a vegetation condition b 6;

the atmospheric environment b1 corresponds to PM2.5c1, PM10c2 and TSPc 3; the terrain condition b2 corresponds to the slope c4 and the slope length c 5; the hydrological condition b3 corresponds to the groundwater level c6 and the groundwater salinity c 7; the soil condition b4 corresponds to soil moisture c8, soil pHc9, soil organic matter c10, soil quick-acting phosphorus c11, soil quick-acting potassium c12, soil total nitrogen c13, soil bulk weight c14, soil porosity c15, acid phosphatase activity c16, sucrase activity c17 and soil urease activity c 18; rhizosphere microbial community status b5 corresponds to microbial species c19, microbial count c20, microbial diversity c 21; the vegetation status b6 corresponds to the number c22, the coverage c23, the number c24 of strains, the diversity index c25, the aboveground biomass c26 and the underground biomass c 27.

3. The method for measuring ecosystem restoration force in a strip mine reclamation area according to claim 2, wherein: in step S2, according to the importance of each index in the index layer c to the criterion layer B, a determination matrix B is formed by comparing the indexes two by two, and the determination matrices are an atmospheric environment determination matrix B1, a topographic condition determination matrix B2, a hydrological condition determination matrix B3, a soil condition determination matrix B4, a rhizosphere microbial community condition determination matrix B5, and a vegetation condition determination matrix B6, and corresponding weight vectors are W21, W22, W23, W24, W25, and W26, respectively.

4. The method for measuring ecosystem restoration force in a strip mine reclamation area according to claim 2, wherein: in step S2, according to the importance of each index in the criterion layer b to the target layer a, a determination matrix a is formed by comparing each two indexes, and the corresponding weight vector is W1.

5. The method for measuring ecosystem restoration force in a strip mine reclamation area according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the weight value of the index layer c relative to the standard layer b is multiplied by the weight value of the standard layer b relative to the target layer a, and the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a, that is, the weight occupied by each index in the measure value of the recovery force of the ecosystem of the surface mine reclamation area, is calculated.

6. The method for measuring ecosystem restoration force in a strip mine reclamation area according to claim 1, wherein: step S3 is to perform relative value calculation on the measured data of each index in the index layer c in the reclamation area and the undisturbed background area, and the calculation method for determining the score of each index in the index layer c is as follows:

wherein D is_iRepresenting the score of the ith index in the index layer c; s_iRepresenting the measured value of the ith index in the index layer c; s_i0Representing the unperturbed original background value of the ith index, i ═ {1, 2, 3, … …, n }, and n is the total number of indexes in the index layer c.

7. The method for measuring ecosystem restoration force in a strip mine reclamation area according to claim 6, wherein: step S4 is a method for calculating the ecological system restoring force measure of the strip mine reclamation area by using a comprehensive index evaluation method according to the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a and the score of each index in the index layer c, and comprises the following steps:

wherein Q represents the restoring force measure value of the ecological system in the strip mine reclamation area; w is a_iRepresenting the weight of the ith index in the index layer c to the target layer a.

Background

In the past, absolute values are adopted for calculating evaluation indexes of an ecological system in a strip mine reclamation area, but the difference of natural conditions, water resources, landforms, soil quality and the like in different areas is large, so that the difference of original habitat conditions of vegetation in different areas is large. The restoring force of the ecological system refers to the capability of restoring the original function of the system after the system is interfered, so that the restoring force condition of the ecological system of the strip mine reclamation area cannot be measured only by evaluating the absolute value of the ecological system index of the strip mine reclamation area.

Chinese patent (application No. 201810905154.3) discloses a reclamation evaluation method, a storage medium, and a processor, including: acquiring remote sensing data and initial environment data of a target area, and an evaluation index of the target area and a weight parameter of the evaluation index; preprocessing the remote sensing data and the initial environment data to obtain preprocessed data, wherein the preprocessed data at least comprise: reclamation area and reclamation area number; and evaluating the preprocessing data according to the evaluation index and the weight parameter to obtain an evaluation result for evaluating the land reclamation condition of the target area. The method obtains the remote sensing data and the initial environment data of the target area, evaluates the reclamation effect by adopting absolute value data respectively, and reflects the reclamation effect according to the evaluation result. The method ignores the influence of natural factors such as precipitation, air temperature and the like on the current-stage data evaluation result and the initial environment data evaluation result in different observation periods, and cannot accurately evaluate the restoring force condition of the reclaimed ecological system.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for measuring the restoring force of an ecological system in a strip mine reclamation area, aiming at solving the problem that the restoring force of the ecological system in the strip mine reclamation area cannot be accurately reflected by the current ecological system assessment method.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for measuring the restoring force of an ecological system in a strip mine reclamation area comprises the following steps:

s1: establishing a hierarchical structure model of the resilience measure of the ecological system of the strip mine reclamation area according to the influence indexes of the function restoration of the ecological system of the strip mine reclamation area; the hierarchical structure includes: a target layer a, a criterion layer b and an index layer c;

the target layer a takes the ecological restoration force as an evaluation target;

the criterion layer b includes: atmospheric environment b1, topographic condition b2, hydrological condition b3, soil condition b4, rhizosphere microbial community condition b5, vegetation condition b 6;

the index layer c includes: PM2.5c1, PM10c2, TSPc3, gradient c4, slope length c5, groundwater level c6, groundwater salinity c7, soil moisture c8, soil pHc9, soil organic matter c10, soil fast-acting phosphorus c11, soil fast-acting potassium c12, soil total nitrogen c13, soil bulk weight c14, soil porosity c15, acid phosphatase activity c16, sucrase activity c17, soil urease activity c18, microorganism species c19, microorganism quantity c20, microorganism diversity c21, species number c22, coverage c23, strain number c24, diversity index c25, aboveground biomass c26, underground biomass c 27;

s2: respectively constructing a judgment matrix A of a target layer a by a criterion layer B and a judgment matrix B of an index layer B when the index layer c is aligned with the criterion layer B, obtaining weight vectors of all judgment matrices by adopting a square root method and consistency test, and calculating the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a, namely the weight of each index in a measure value of the restoring force of an ecological system in a strip mine reclamation area;

s3: carrying out relative value operation on the actually measured data of each index in the index layer c in the reclamation area and the undisturbed background area to determine the score of each index in the index layer c;

s4: and (4) calculating the resilience measure of the ecological system in the open-pit mine reclamation area by utilizing a comprehensive index evaluation method according to the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a and the score of each index in the index layer c.

Preferably, the target layer a in step S1 corresponds to atmospheric environment b1, terrain condition b2, hydrological condition b3, soil condition b4, rhizosphere microbial community condition b5, vegetation condition b 6;

the atmospheric environment b1 corresponds to PM2.5c1, PM10c2 and TSPc 3; the terrain condition b2 corresponds to the slope c4 and the slope length c 5; the hydrological condition b3 corresponds to the groundwater level c6 and the groundwater salinity c 7; the soil condition b4 corresponds to soil moisture c8, soil pHc9, soil organic matter c10, soil quick-acting phosphorus c11, soil quick-acting potassium c12, soil total nitrogen c13, soil bulk weight c14, soil porosity c15, acid phosphatase activity c16, sucrase activity c17 and soil urease activity c 18; rhizosphere microbial community status b5 corresponds to microbial species c19, microbial count c20, microbial diversity c 21; the vegetation status b6 corresponds to the number c22, the coverage c23, the number c24 of strains, the diversity index c25, the aboveground biomass c26 and the underground biomass c 27.

Preferably, in step S2, according to the importance of each index in the index layer c to the criterion layer B, a determination matrix B is formed by comparing two indexes with each other, and the determination matrices are an atmospheric environment determination matrix B1, a terrain condition determination matrix B2, a hydrological condition determination matrix B3, a soil condition determination matrix B4, a rhizosphere microbial community condition determination matrix B5 and a vegetation condition determination matrix B6, and corresponding weight vectors are W21, W22, W23, W24, W25 and W26.

Preferably, in step S2, according to the importance of each index in the criterion layer b to the target layer a, a determination matrix a is formed by comparing the indexes pairwise, and the corresponding weight vector is W1.

Preferably, in step S2, the weight value of the index layer c relative to the standard layer b is multiplied by the weight value of the standard layer b relative to the target layer a, and the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a is calculated, that is, the weight of each index in the measure value of the recovery force of the ecosystem of the open pit reclamation area.

Preferably, in step S3, the relative value calculation is performed on the measured data of each index in the index layer c in the reclamation area and the undisturbed background area, and the calculation method for determining the score of each index in the index layer c is as follows:

wherein D is_iRepresenting the score of the ith index in the index layer c; s_iRepresenting the measured value of the ith index in the index layer c; s_i0Representing the unperturbed original background value of the ith index, i ═ {1, 2, 3, … …, n }, and n is the total number of indexes in the index layer c.

Preferably, in step S4, the method for calculating the resilience measure of the ecosystem of the open pit reclamation area by using the comprehensive index evaluation method according to the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a and the score of each index in the index layer c is as follows:

wherein Q represents the restoring force measure value of the ecological system in the strip mine reclamation area; w is a_iRepresenting the weight of the ith index in the index layer c to the target layer a.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

values of evaluation indexes of an ecological system in a reclamation area in the past research are absolute values, and evaluation factors cannot fully reflect the influence of coal mining disturbance on the restoring force of the ecological system. The ecological system restoration force measurement method comprises the steps of establishing an ecological system restoration force measurement model, determining the similarity degree of damaged states and original states of all influence indexes by adopting restoration force, selecting the six-aspect information of atmospheric environment, terrain conditions, hydrological conditions, soil conditions, rhizosphere microbial community conditions and vegetation conditions as the ecological system restoration force quasi-lateral layer evaluation indexes of the reclamation area, and selecting 27 indexes such as PM2.5, PM10 and gradient as index layer evaluation indexes. In contrast, the method is more scientific and reasonable, the evaluation result is more accurate and comprehensive, and theoretical reference can be provided for evaluation of the ecological restoration effect.

Drawings

For a clearer explanation of the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring the restoring force of an ecosystem in a reclamation area of a strip mine.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

And taking a certain open-pit mine reclamation area as an example to calculate the ecological system restoration force measure of the open-pit mine reclamation area.

As shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring the restoring force of an ecosystem in a reclamation area of a strip mine comprises the following steps:

s1: establishing a hierarchical structure model of the resilience measure of the ecological system of the strip mine reclamation area according to the influence indexes of the function restoration of the ecological system of the strip mine reclamation area; the hierarchical structure includes: a target layer a, a criterion layer b and an index layer c;

the target layer a takes the ecological restoration force as an evaluation target; the criterion layer b includes: atmospheric environment b1, topographic condition b2, hydrological condition b3, soil condition b4, rhizosphere microbial community condition b5, vegetation condition b 6; the index layer c includes: PM2.5c1, PM10c2, TSPc3, gradient c4, slope length c5, groundwater level c6, groundwater salinity c7, soil moisture c8, soil pHc9, soil organic matter c10, soil fast-acting phosphorus c11, soil fast-acting potassium c12, soil total nitrogen c13, soil bulk weight c14, soil porosity c15, acid phosphatase activity c16, sucrase activity c17, soil urease activity c18, microorganism species c19, microorganism quantity c20, microorganism diversity c21, species number c22, coverage c23, strain number c24, diversity index c25, aboveground biomass c26 and underground biomass c 27.

The target layer a corresponds to an atmospheric environment b1, a topographic condition b2, a hydrological condition b3, a soil condition b4, a rhizosphere microbial community condition b5 and a vegetation condition b 6; the atmospheric environment b1 corresponds to PM2.5c1, PM10c2 and TSPc 3; the terrain condition b2 corresponds to the slope c4 and the slope length c 5; the hydrological condition b3 corresponds to the groundwater level c6 and the groundwater salinity c 7; the soil condition b4 corresponds to soil moisture c8, soil pHc9, soil organic matter c10, soil quick-acting phosphorus c11, soil quick-acting potassium c12, soil total nitrogen c13, soil bulk weight c14, soil porosity c15, acid phosphatase activity c16, sucrase activity c17 and soil urease activity c 18; rhizosphere microbial community status b5 corresponds to microbial species c19, microbial count c20, microbial diversity c 21; the vegetation status b6 corresponds to the number c22, the coverage c23, the number c24 of strains, the diversity index c25, the aboveground biomass c26 and the underground biomass c 27.

S2: respectively constructing a judgment matrix A of a target layer a by a criterion layer B and a judgment matrix B of an index layer B aligned with the criterion layer c, obtaining weight vectors of all judgment matrices by adopting a square root method and consistency test, and calculating the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a, namely the weight of each index in the measure value of the restoring force of the ecological system in the open pit reclamation area.

Specifically, according to the importance of each index in the index layer c to the criterion layer B, a judgment matrix B is formed by comparing the indexes two by two, and is respectively an atmospheric environment judgment matrix B1, a terrain condition judgment matrix B2, a hydrological condition judgment matrix B3, a soil condition judgment matrix B4, a rhizosphere microbial community condition judgment matrix B5 and a vegetation condition judgment matrix B6, and corresponding weight vectors are respectively W21, W22, W23, W24, W25 and W26. The judgment matrix B21 of the indexes pm2.5c1, PM10c2 and TSPc3 in the index layer c to the criterion layer B is as follows:

wherein x is_ijThe importance of the index ci relative to cj in the index layer c.

And obtaining a weight vector W21 of the judgment matrix B21 by adopting a square root method and through consistency check. And weight vectors W22, W23, W24, W25, W26 are calculated by the same method. The calculated W21, W22, W23, W24, W25 and W26 are respectively: w21 ═ (0.3113, 0.1753, 0.5134), W22 ═ (0.6938, 0.3062), W23 ═ (0.7305, 0.2695), W24 ═ (00.2034, 0.1126, 0.1126, 0.1126, 0.1126, 0.1126, 0.0625, 0.0625, 0.0362, 0.0362, 0.0362), W25 ═ (0.1634, 0.5396, 0.297), W26 ═ (0.1373, 0.0705, 0.11, 0.2411, 0.2411, 0.2).

According to the importance of each index in the criterion layer b to the target layer a, a judgment matrix A is formed by adopting a pairwise comparison mode of the indexes,

wherein, y_ijThe importance of the metric bi relative to bj in the criterion layer b.

And obtaining a weight vector W1 of the judgment matrix A by adopting a square root method and performing consistency check. W1 was calculated (0.021, 0.1554, 0.1202, 0.2269, 0.0667, 0.4098).

The weight value of the index layer c relative to the standard layer b is multiplied by the weight value of the standard layer b relative to the target layer a, and the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a, namely the weight of each index in the measure value of the restoring force of the ecological system in the surface mine reclamation area is calculated, as shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 weight of each index in the measured value of the recovery power of the ecosystem in the open pit reclamation area

S3: and (3) carrying out relative value operation on the actually measured data of each index in the index layer c in the reclamation area and the undisturbed background area to determine the score of each index in the index layer c, wherein the score is shown in table 2. The calculation method of each index score in the index layer c is as follows:

wherein D is_iRepresenting the score of the ith index in the index layer c; s_iRepresenting the measured value of the ith index in the index layer c; s_i0Representing the unperturbed original background value of the ith index, i ═ {1, 2, 3, … …, n }, and n is the total number of indexes in the index layer c.

TABLE 2 score of each index in index layer c

S4: and (4) calculating the resilience measure of the ecological system in the open-pit mine reclamation area by utilizing a comprehensive index evaluation method according to the weight of each index in the index layer c to the target layer a and the score of each index in the index layer c. The specific method comprises the following steps:

wherein Q represents the restoring force measure value of the ecological system in the strip mine reclamation area; w is a_iRepresenting the weight of the ith index in the index layer c to the target layer a.

And grading the restoring force of the ecological system in the strip mine reclamation area according to the calculated restoring force measure value of the ecological system in the strip mine reclamation area. And (4) calculating to obtain the ecological restoration force measure score of 66.31 in the open pit reclamation area, wherein the ecological restoration force measure score is general in restoration force.