1. The utility model provides an LED encapsulation base and packaging structure of anti-vulcanization hi-lite, includes main part (1), its characterized in that: set up on the inner wall of main part (1) and install encapsulation auxiliary assembly (8) and evacuate subassembly (9), and evacuate subassembly (9) and set up the inner wall bottom in main part (1), encapsulation auxiliary assembly (8) are including encapsulation part (81), it installs encapsulation sealing bag (82) to set up between encapsulation part (81), it includes mounting bracket (91) to evacuate subassembly (9), set up in mounting bracket (91) and install and evacuate fan (92), and mounting bracket (91) upside fixed mounting has fixed pipe (93), the bottom of fixed pipe (93) and evacuate fan (92) and cooperate and be connected, the top fixed mounting of fixed pipe (93) has the rifle head (94) of evacuating, and the upside of evacuating rifle head (94) is connected with the bottom cooperation of encapsulation sealing bag (82).

2. The substrate and structure of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises: the protection component (2) is installed in the inner wall of the main body (1), the protection component (2) is arranged above the inner wall of the main body (1), the protection component (2) comprises an installation shell (21), a buffering air bag (22) is installed in the installation shell (21), a buffering connecting rod (23) is movably installed on the outer side of the installation shell (21), and a protection part (24) is fixedly installed at the outer end of the buffering connecting rod (23).

3. The substrate and structure of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises: the inner wall of the main body (1) is provided with a bearing support component (3), the bearing support component (3) comprises a bearing part (31), and an elastic connecting part (32) is movably connected between the upper side of the bearing part (31) and the main body (1).

4. The substrate and structure of claim 3, wherein the substrate comprises: the utility model discloses a bearing part, including main part (1), set up on the inner wall of main part (1) and install linkage subassembly (4), and install linkage subassembly (4) and set up in the below that bears supporting component (3), installation linkage subassembly (4) are including set casing (41), the inside fixed mounting of set casing (41) has fixed block (42), and the left side movable mounting of fixed block (42) has gangbar (43), gangbar (43) run through outside fixedly connected with linkage block (44) of set casing (41), and linkage block (44) set up be with bearing part (31) installation that cooperatees.

5. The substrate and structure of claim 4, wherein the substrate comprises: set up on the inner wall of fixed block (42) and install spacing buffering subassembly (5), spacing buffering subassembly (5) are including installed part (51) and spacing spring (52), and installed part (51) set up and install on gangbar (43), and the axle head swing joint of spacing spring (52) has locating part (53), and locating part (53) and installed part (51) cooperate the installation.

6. The substrate and structure of claim 4, wherein the substrate comprises: the utility model discloses a lead frame structure of a motor vehicle, including fixed block (42), the inside setting of fixed block (42) is installed electric capacity response subassembly (6), and electric capacity response subassembly (6) include electrode medium (61) and response shell (62), and electrode medium (61) set up the axle head at gangbar (43), set up on the inner wall of response shell (62) and install plate electrode (63), and electrode medium (61) and plate electrode (63) are through electric connection.

7. The substrate and structure of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises: the clamping and positioning device is characterized in that a clamping and positioning assembly (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the main body (1), the clamping and positioning assembly (7) comprises a fixed base (71), a driving mechanism (72) is arranged inside the fixed base (71), a movable telescopic rod (73) is movably arranged at the right end of the driving mechanism (72), a stable connecting rod (74) is movably connected to the upper side and the lower side of the movable telescopic rod (73), and a clamping and positioning part (75) is fixedly arranged at the right end of the movable telescopic rod (73).

8. The substrate and structure of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises: the dustproof assembly (10) is installed in the inside setting of fixed pipe (93), and dustproof assembly (10) are including installation spring (101) and dustproof cushion (102), and dustproof cushion (102) set up on the inner wall of fixed pipe (93), and the axle head fixed mounting of installation spring (101) has dustproof stopper (103), and dustproof stopper (103) and dustproof cushion (102) are laminated mutually and are connected.

Background

Light emitting diodes, referred to As LEDs for short, are made of compounds containing gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), etc., which radiate visible light when electrons and holes recombine, and thus can be used to make light emitting diodes, As indicator lights in circuits and instruments, or to make up text or digital displays, gallium arsenide diodes emitting red light, gallium phosphide diodes emitting green light, silicon carbide diodes emitting yellow light, gallium nitride diodes emitting blue light, and by their chemical nature they are divided into organic light emitting diodes OLEDs and inorganic light emitting diodes LEDs.

At present, with the development of LED technology and the wide application of lighting and backlight fields, the market demand for LEDs is also wider, and at present, the traditional LED package substrate process usually seals and seals through package glue, but this kind of package mode is still insufficient, if the external sulfur element permeates into the silver inside the silver-plated layer of the bracket through the joint of bracket plastic material and copper material to generate chemical reaction, and then generates black silver sulfide, thereby affecting the luminance of the LED, and simultaneously reducing the service life of the LED, therefore, there is still insufficient in this respect of vulcanization resistance for the LED package substrate, so the usage demand of users cannot be satisfied, and therefore, further improvement is necessary.

Therefore, in view of the above, research and improvement are made on the existing structure and defects, and a sulfuration-resistant high-brightness LED package substrate and a package structure are provided, so as to achieve the purpose of higher practical value.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an anti-sulfuration high-brightness LED package substrate and structure, which are achieved by the following specific technical means: the device comprises a main body, a protection component, an installation shell, a buffering air bag, a buffering connecting rod, a protection component, a bearing and supporting component, a bearing component, an elastic connecting component, an installation linkage component, a fixed shell, a fixed block, a linkage rod, a linkage block, a limiting and buffering component, an installation component, a limiting spring, a limiting part, a capacitance sensing component, an electrode medium, a sensing shell, a plate electrode, a clamping and positioning component, a fixed base, a driving mechanism, a movable telescopic rod, a stable connecting rod, a clamping and positioning component, an encapsulation auxiliary component, an encapsulation sealing bag, an evacuation component, an installation rack, an evacuation fan, a fixed pipe, an evacuation gun head, a dustproof component, an installation spring, a dustproof cushion and a dustproof plug.

The position and connection relationship among the structures are as follows:

the utility model provides a LED encapsulation basement and packaging structure of anti-vulcanization hi-lite, comprises a main body, set up on the inner wall of main part and install encapsulation auxiliary assembly and manage to find time the subassembly, and manage to find time the subassembly setting in the inner wall bottom of main part, encapsulation auxiliary assembly includes the encapsulation part, it installs the encapsulation seal bag to set up between the encapsulation part, it includes the mounting bracket to manage to find time the subassembly, set up in the mounting bracket and install the fan of managing to find time, and mounting bracket upside fixed mounting has fixed pipe, the bottom of fixed pipe and the fan of managing to find time cooperate and be connected, the top fixed mounting of fixed pipe has the rifle head of managing to find time, and the upside.

Further, set up on the inner wall of main part and install protection component, and protection component sets up in the inner wall top of main part, and protection component is including installing the shell, and the inside setting of installation shell is installed and is cushioned the gasbag, and the outside movable mounting of installation shell has the buffering connecting rod, and the outer end fixed mounting of buffering connecting rod has the protection piece, through setting up the effectual guard action that plays the LED lamp of protection component, has further promoted the device's practicality.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the main body is provided with a bearing support assembly, the bearing support assembly comprises a bearing part, and an elastic connecting part is movably connected between the upper side of the bearing part and the main body.

Further, set up on the inner wall of main part and install the linkage subassembly, and install the linkage subassembly setting in the below of bearing the weight of supporting component, the installation linkage subassembly includes the set casing, and the inside fixed mounting of set casing has the fixed block, and the left side movable mounting of fixed block has the gangbar, and the gangbar runs through the outside fixedly connected with linkage piece of set casing, and the linkage piece setting is and bears the weight of the part installation that cooperatees.

Further, set up on the inner wall of fixed block and install spacing buffering subassembly, spacing buffering subassembly includes installed part and spacing spring, and the installed part setting is installed on the gangbar, and the axle head swing joint of spacing spring has the locating part, and the locating part cooperatees with the installed part and installs.

Further, the inside of fixed block sets up installs electric capacity response subassembly, and electric capacity response subassembly includes electrode medium and response shell, and electrode medium sets up the axle head at the gangbar, sets up on the inner wall of response shell and installs the plate electrode, and electrode medium and plate electrode pass through electric connection, can know according to the condenser principle, and electrode medium removes between the positive plate and the negative plate of plate electrode, along with electrode medium and the positive plate of plate electrode, the positive plate of plate electrode is to the area increase, and the electric capacity increase, the electric current changes this moment, impel actuating mechanism to begin to produce the electric energy.

Further, set up on the inner wall of main part and install centre gripping locating component, centre gripping locating component includes fixed baseplate, actuating mechanism is installed to fixed baseplate's inside setting, actuating mechanism's right-hand member movable mounting has movable telescopic link, and the upper and lower both sides swing joint of activity telescopic link has stable connecting rod, the right-hand member fixed mounting of activity telescopic link has centre gripping locating part, drive centre gripping locating part relative movement through the activity telescopic link, contact with the first half of LED lamp simultaneously, utilize centre gripping locating part firmly to fix it, avoid influencing its encapsulation effect because the LED lamp produces the skew at the in-process of carrying out the encapsulation to its lamp stand, and then the device's encapsulation effect has been promoted.

Further, the inside of fixed pipe sets up installs dustproof subassembly, and dustproof subassembly is including installation spring and dustproof cushion, and dustproof cushion setting on the inner wall of fixed pipe, and the axle head fixed mounting of installation spring has dustproof stopper, and dustproof stopper is connected with the laminating of dustproof cushion mutually, through setting up the effectual entering of having avoided external dust of dustproof stopper and dustproof cushion, has further promoted the use of equipment.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an anti-vulcanization high-brightness LED packaging substrate and an LED packaging structure, which have the following beneficial effects:

1. this prevent vulcanizing LED encapsulation basement and packaging structure of hi-lite, the device are through setting up and carry out vacuum packaging to it with the encapsulation seal bag to keep having one deck film form result always, protect the base of LED lamp, the effectual entering of avoiding the outside air is to the silver of the inside silvered film layer of LED lamp the chemical reaction takes place, thereby reaches the purpose of sulphur prevention, and then has promoted anti sulfuration ability and quality, the life-span of LED lamp.

2. This LED encapsulation basement and packaging structure of vulcanization-proof hi-lite, after the LED lamp is fixed firm, make simultaneously to find time the fan of managing to produce kinetic energy in the subassembly of managing to find time, wrap up the lamp stand of LED lamp completely through the encapsulation seal bag and live, the rifle head of managing to find time of recycling will wherein unnecessary gas outwards suction, and the air current striking of outside suction is on the dustproof plug, extrude the installation spring simultaneously, make dustproof plug and dustproof cushion phase separation, and then make gas outwards discharge effectively, after the discharge finishes, the elasticity of reuse installation spring promotes dustproof plug and dustproof cushion and laminates the contact mutually, thereby the effectual entering of having avoided external dust, further promoted the use of equipment.

3. This prevent vulcanizing LED encapsulation basement and packaging structure of hi-lite begins to produce the electric energy through actuating mechanism, utilizes movable telescopic link to drive centre gripping positioning element relative movement, contacts with the first half of LED lamp simultaneously, utilizes centre gripping positioning element to firmly fix it, avoids influencing its encapsulation effect owing to the LED lamp produces the skew at the in-process of carrying out the encapsulation to its lamp stand, and then has promoted the device's encapsulation effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the main body of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the installation linkage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of portion C of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion D of fig. 2 according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a main body; 2. a guard assembly; 21. installing a shell; 22. a buffer air bag; 23. a buffer connecting rod; 24. a guard; 3. a load bearing support assembly; 31. a carrier member; 32. an elastic connection member; 4. installing a linkage assembly; 41. a stationary case; 42. a fixed block; 43. a linkage rod; 44. a linkage block; 5. a limiting buffer component; 51. a mounting member; 52. a limiting spring; 53. a limiting member; 6. a capacitive sensing component; 61. an electrode medium; 62. an induction housing; 63. an electrode plate; 7. clamping and positioning components; 71. a fixed base; 72. a drive mechanism; 73. a movable telescopic rod; 74. a stabilizing link; 75. clamping and positioning components; 8. packaging the auxiliary component; 81. a package member; 82. packaging the sealing bag; 9. an evacuation assembly; 91. a mounting frame; 92. an evacuation fan; 93. a fixed tube; 94. evacuating the gun head; 10. a dust-proof assembly; 101. installing a spring; 102. a dustproof soft cushion; 103. and (4) a dust plug.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and it should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appearing hereinafter merely indicate that the words are consistent with the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

The first embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, an anti-vulcanization high-brightness LED package substrate and package structure includes a main body 1, a package auxiliary assembly 8 and an evacuation assembly 9 are installed on an inner wall of the main body 1, the evacuation assembly 9 is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the main body 1, the package auxiliary assembly 8 includes package components 81, a package sealing bag 82 is installed between the package components 81, the package auxiliary assembly 8 includes a mounting frame 91, an evacuation fan 92 is installed in the mounting frame 91, a fixing tube 93 is fixedly installed on an upper side of the mounting frame 91, the bottom of the fixing tube 93 is connected with the evacuation fan 92 in a matching manner, an evacuation gun head 94 is fixedly installed at a top end of the fixing tube 93, and an upper side of the evacuation gun head 94 is connected with the bottom of the package sealing bag 82 in a matching manner.

Further, the inner wall of the main body 1 is provided with a bearing support component 3, the bearing support component 3 comprises a bearing part 31, and an elastic connecting part 32 is movably connected between the upper side of the bearing part 31 and the main body 1.

Further, the installation linkage assembly 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the main body 1, the installation linkage assembly 4 is arranged below the bearing support assembly 3, the installation linkage assembly 4 comprises a fixed shell 41, a fixed block 42 is fixedly arranged inside the fixed shell 41, a linkage rod 43 is movably arranged on the left side of the fixed block 42, the linkage rod 43 penetrates through a linkage block 44 fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed shell 41, and the linkage block 44 is arranged to be matched with the bearing component 31.

Further, the capacitance sensing assembly 6 is installed in the fixed block 42, the capacitance sensing assembly 6 comprises an electrode medium 61 and a sensing shell 62, the electrode medium 61 is arranged at the shaft end of the linkage rod 43, an electrode plate 63 is installed on the inner wall of the sensing shell 62, the electrode medium 61 is electrically connected with the electrode plate 63, according to the principle of a capacitor, the electrode medium 61 moves between a positive plate and a negative plate of the electrode plate 63, the capacitance is increased along with the increase of the area of the electrode medium 61 opposite to the positive plate and the area of the negative plate of the electrode plate 63, and at the moment, the current changes, so that the driving mechanism 72 starts to generate electric energy.

The specific use mode and function of the embodiment are as follows:

the working principle is as follows: the bearing part 31 is driven by the self weight of the LED lamp to pull the elastic connecting part 32 to move downwards, so that the lamp holder of the LED lamp penetrates into the packaging sealing bag 82, meanwhile, the bearing part 31 continuously moves downwards, further, the lower side of the bearing part 31 is contacted with the linkage block 44, the linkage rod 43 is pushed to move inwards, the electrode medium 61 is arranged at the shaft end of the linkage rod 43, the linkage rod 43 drives the electrode medium 61 to move synchronously while moving, according to the principle of a capacitor, the electrode medium 61 moves between the positive plate and the negative plate of the electrode plate 63, the electric capacity is increased along with the increase of the facing area of the electrode medium 61 and the positive plate and the negative plate of the electrode plate 63, at the moment, the current changes, the evacuation fan 92 in the evacuation assembly 9 is promoted to generate kinetic energy, and the lamp holder of the LED lamp is completely wrapped by the packaging sealing bag 82, and then, redundant gas is sucked out by the evacuating gun head 94, the sucked gas flow impacts the dustproof plug 103 and extrudes the mounting spring 101, so that the dustproof plug 103 is separated from the dustproof soft cushion 102, the gas is effectively discharged outwards, and the gas is subjected to vacuum packaging through the packaging sealing bag 82, so that a layer of film-shaped product is always kept, the base of the LED lamp is protected, the silver in the silver-plated layer inside the LED lamp is effectively prevented from being chemically reacted by the outside air, and the purpose of sulfur prevention is achieved.

Example two:

referring to fig. 1 to 7, an anti-vulcanization high-brightness LED package substrate and a package structure thereof include a main body 1, a package auxiliary assembly 8 and an evacuation assembly 9 are disposed and installed on an inner wall of the main body 1, the evacuation assembly 9 is disposed at the bottom of the inner wall of the main body 1, the package auxiliary assembly 8 includes package components 81, package sealing bags 82 are disposed and installed between the package components 81, the evacuation assembly 9 includes a mounting frame 91, an evacuation fan 92 is disposed and installed in the mounting frame 91, a fixing tube 93 is fixedly installed at an upper side of the mounting frame 91, a bottom of the fixing tube 93 is connected with the evacuation fan 92 in a matching manner, an evacuation gun head 94 is fixedly installed at a top end of the fixing tube 93, and an upper side of the evacuation gun head 94 is connected with a bottom of the package sealing bags 82 in a matching manner.

Further, the protection component 2 is installed on the inner wall of the main body 1, the protection component 2 is arranged above the inner wall of the main body 1, the protection component 2 comprises an installation shell 21, a buffering air bag 22 is installed in the installation shell 21, a buffering connecting rod 23 is movably installed on the outer side of the installation shell 21, a protection part 24 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the buffering connecting rod 23, the protection effect on the LED lamp is effectively achieved through the arrangement of the protection component 2, and the practicability of the device is further improved.

Further, the inner wall of the main body 1 is provided with a bearing support component 3, the bearing support component 3 comprises a bearing part 31, and an elastic connecting part 32 is movably connected between the upper side of the bearing part 31 and the main body 1.

Further, the installation linkage assembly 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the main body 1, the installation linkage assembly 4 is arranged below the bearing support assembly 3, the installation linkage assembly 4 comprises a fixed shell 41, a fixed block 42 is fixedly arranged inside the fixed shell 41, a linkage rod 43 is movably arranged on the left side of the fixed block 42, the linkage rod 43 penetrates through a linkage block 44 fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed shell 41, and the linkage block 44 is arranged to be matched with the bearing component 31.

Further, the inner wall of the fixing block 42 is provided with a limiting buffer assembly 5, the limiting buffer assembly 5 comprises an installation part 51 and a limiting spring 52, the installation part 51 is arranged on the linkage rod 43, the shaft end of the limiting spring 52 is movably connected with a limiting part 53, and the limiting part 53 is installed in cooperation with the installation part 51.

Further, the capacitance sensing assembly 6 is installed in the fixed block 42, the capacitance sensing assembly 6 comprises an electrode medium 61 and a sensing shell 62, the electrode medium 61 is arranged at the shaft end of the linkage rod 43, an electrode plate 63 is installed on the inner wall of the sensing shell 62, the electrode medium 61 is electrically connected with the electrode plate 63, according to the principle of a capacitor, the electrode medium 61 moves between a positive plate and a negative plate of the electrode plate 63, the capacitance is increased along with the increase of the area of the electrode medium 61 opposite to the positive plate and the area of the negative plate of the electrode plate 63, and at the moment, the current changes, so that the driving mechanism 72 starts to generate electric energy.

Further, set up on the inner wall of main part 1 and install centre gripping locating component 7, centre gripping locating component 7 includes fixed baseplate 71, actuating mechanism 72 is installed to the inside setting of fixed baseplate 71, actuating mechanism 72's right-hand member movable mounting has movable telescopic link 73, and the upper and lower both sides swing joint of activity telescopic link 73 has stabilizing connecting rod 74, the right-hand member fixed mounting of activity telescopic link 73 has centre gripping locating part 75, drive centre gripping locating part 75 relative movement through activity telescopic link 73, contact with the first half of LED lamp simultaneously, utilize centre gripping locating part 75 firmly to fix it, avoid carrying out the in-process of encapsulation to its lamp stand because the LED lamp produces the skew and influence its encapsulation effect, and then the device's encapsulation effect has been promoted.

Further, the inside of fixed pipe 93 sets up installs dustproof subassembly 10, dustproof subassembly 10 is including installation spring 101 and dustproof cushion 102, and dustproof cushion 102 sets up on the inner wall of fixed pipe 93, and the axle head fixed mounting of installation spring 101 has dustproof stopper 103, and dustproof stopper 103 is laminated with dustproof cushion 102 and is connected mutually, and through setting up the effectual entering of having avoided external dust of dustproof stopper 103 and dustproof cushion 102, further promoted the use of equipment.

The specific use mode and function of the embodiment are as follows:

the working principle is as follows: when the sulfuration-proof high-brightness LED packaging substrate and the packaging structure are used, when a high-brightness LED is required to be packaged, the high-brightness LED is placed in the bearing and supporting component 3 of the main body 1, the lamp holder of the high-brightness LED penetrates through the bearing part 31, the upper half part of the lamp holder is limited above the bearing part 31, the bearing part 31 is driven to pull the elastic connecting part 32 to move downwards based on the weight of the LED lamp, the lamp holder of the LED lamp penetrates into the packaging and sealing bag 82, the lamp holder continuously moves downwards along with the bearing part 31, the lower side of the bearing part 31 is further contacted with the linkage block 44, the linkage rod 43 is pushed to move inwards, the electrode medium 61 is arranged at the shaft end of the linkage rod 43, the linkage rod 43 drives the electrode medium 61 to move synchronously while moving, and according to the principle of a capacitor, the electrode medium 61 moves between the positive plate and the negative plate of the electrode plate 63, along with the increase of the facing area of the electrode medium 61 and the positive plate and the negative plate of the electrode plate 63, the capacitance is increased, and at the moment, the current is changed, so that the driving mechanism 72 starts to generate electric energy, the movable telescopic rod 73 is used for driving the clamping and positioning component 75 to move relatively and simultaneously contact with the upper half part of the LED lamp, and the clamping and positioning component 75 is used for firmly fixing the LED lamp, so that the LED lamp is prevented from being influenced by the deflection of the LED lamp in the process of packaging the lamp holder of the LED lamp, and the packaging effect of the device is improved;

in addition, after the LED lamp is firmly fixed, the evacuation fan 92 in the evacuation assembly 9 is simultaneously driven to generate kinetic energy, the lamp holder of the LED lamp is completely wrapped by the packaging sealing bag 82, redundant gas in the LED lamp is sucked out by the evacuation gun head 94, the sucked-out gas flow impacts the dustproof plug 103, the installation spring 101 is simultaneously extruded, the dustproof plug 103 is separated from the dustproof cushion 102, the gas is effectively discharged outwards, and after the discharge is finished, the elastic force of the installation spring 101 is used for pushing the dustproof plug 103 to be attached and contacted with the dustproof cushion 102, so that the external dust is effectively prevented from entering, and the use of the device is further improved;

and the device is vacuum packaging with encapsulation seal bag 82 through setting up to keep having one deck film form result always, protecting the base of LED lamp, the effectual entering of avoiding the outside air takes place chemical reaction to the silver of the inside silvered film of LED lamp inside, thereby reaches the purpose of sulphur prevention, and then has promoted anti sulfuration ability and quality, the life-span of LED lamp.

The technical solutions of the present invention or similar technical solutions designed by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the technical solutions of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention to achieve the above technical effects.