1. A high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue is characterized in that: including last brick body (1) of gluing from top to bottom and lower brick body (2), go up brick body (1) cemented surface middle part and seted up interior caulking groove (101), interior caulking groove (101) axial bilateral symmetry is equipped with two bead (102), brick body (2) cemented surface middle part is equipped with inlay (201) outward with interior caulking groove (101) gomphosis down, inlay outward (201) axial bilateral symmetry is equipped with two recess (202) with bead (102) gomphosis.

2. The high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue as claimed in claim 1 and the manufacturing method thereof are characterized in that: the shape of the outer inlay (201) is one of a pyramid, a hemisphere, a cylinder or a wedge.

3. The high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue as claimed in claim 1 and the manufacturing method thereof are characterized in that: the height of the outer inlay (201) is 0.5-1 cm.

4. The high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue as claimed in claim 1 and the manufacturing method thereof are characterized in that: the longitudinal section of the convex rib (102) is in one of a hemispherical shape, a triangular shape or a rectangular shape.

5. The high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue as claimed in claim 1 and the manufacturing method thereof are characterized in that: the cross section of the convex rib (102) is square or arc.

6. A method for manufacturing a high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue is realized based on a brick gluing device and is characterized in that the brick gluing device comprises a brick body conveying mechanism (3), a brick body immersing mechanism (4) and a brick body drying mechanism (5);

the brick body conveying mechanism (3) is arranged at the starting end of the production line and is used for conveying the upper brick body (1) and the lower brick body (2);

the input end of the brick body immersion mechanism (4) is connected with the output end of the brick body conveying mechanism (3) and is used for gluing and embedding the upper brick body (1) and the lower brick body (2);

the input end of the brick body drying mechanism (5) is connected with the output end of the brick body immersing mechanism (4) and is used for drying the glued whole brick;

the method comprises the following steps:

s1, sintering the brick bodies in part, and respectively preparing an upper brick body (1) and a lower brick body (2) by a traditional brick firing process;

s2, embedding the bricks, respectively conveying the upper brick (1) and the lower brick (2) through the brick conveying mechanism (3), and vertically superposing the upper brick (1) and the lower brick (2);

s3, gluing the bricks, inputting the overlapped bricks into a brick body immersing mechanism (4) through a brick body conveying mechanism (3), and gluing the overlapped bricks by using a raw material mixing agent;

s4, discharging and drying the bricks, conveying the glued whole bricks into a brick body drying mechanism (5) to be dried at 170-200 ℃, and controlling the water content to be 8-10%;

and S5, re-sintering, and feeding the dried whole brick into a brick kiln for re-sintering, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 800-900 ℃, and the re-sintering lasts for 2 hours.

And S6, steaming, and putting the re-burned whole brick into a steaming chamber for steaming treatment.

7. The method for manufacturing the high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: brick body conveying mechanism (3) are including last conveyer belt (301) and lower conveyer belt (302) that are the horizontal parallel arrangement of lower level, go up conveyer belt (301) surface and form and go up brick body transport chamber, conveyer belt (302) surface forms down brick body transport chamber down, it is connected with outside brick body pile up neatly mechanism to go up conveyer belt (301) initiating terminal, it is equipped with hornblock (303) to go up the inside pad of conveyer belt (301) terminating terminal, its terminating terminal of the initiating terminal height of hornblock (303), conveyer belt (302) initiating terminal is connected with outside brick body pile up neatly mechanism down, just conveyer belt (302) initiating terminal is good at conveyer belt (301) initiating terminal down, conveyer belt (302) terminating terminal passes the brick body in proper order and immerses mechanism (4) and brick body stoving mechanism (5) inside.

8. The method for manufacturing the high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that: the brick body immersion mechanism (4) comprises an immersion gluing pool (401), the middle section of the lower conveying belt (302) is in a concave structure and is folded inside the immersion gluing pool (401), the lower part of the immersion gluing pool (401) is respectively communicated with a feeding pipe (402) and a blast pipe (403), the input end of the blast pipe (403) is connected with a blower (404), the output end of the blast pipe (403) is communicated with a shield (405), an impeller (406) is horizontally arranged in the shield (405), the impeller (406) is rotatably connected with the shield (405) through a rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the shield (405) to extend to the upper part and is sleeved with a stirring wheel (407), and the shield (405) is symmetrically provided with two air distribution pipes (408) relative to the brick conveying direction;

immerse that veneer pool (401) inner wall is relative cloth tuber pipe (408) every gas port the position vertical a plurality of air discharge ducts (409) of having seted up, air discharge duct (409) axial both sides inner wall all is vertical equidistant a plurality of fins (410) have set firmly, two relatively fin (410) are splayed and arrange and clearance fit formation exhaust chamber, and are a plurality of the chamber width in exhaust chamber reduces from supreme in proper order down, just a plurality of gas pockets have evenly been seted up on fin (410).

9. The method for manufacturing the high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that: the brick body drying mechanism (5) comprises an oven (501) erected on the outer side of the terminating end of the lower conveying belt (302), two gluing compression belts (502) are arranged in a baking cavity in the oven (501) in a radial direction side by side mode, each gluing compression belt (502) comprises a heat-resistant rubber belt (503), a plurality of friction-driven roller shafts are arranged in each heat-resistant rubber belt (503), compression blocks (504) are arranged in the compression ends of the heat-resistant rubber belts (503) in a cushioning mode, the bottom surfaces of the starting ends of the compression blocks (504) are higher than the bottom surfaces of the terminating ends of the compression blocks, one of the roller shafts is connected with a stepping motor, and one group of two opposite roller shafts are connected through a connecting shaft;

the distance between the two heat-resistant rubber belts (503) is matched with the length of the whole brick;

the height of the terminal end of the pressing block (504) from the surface of the lower conveying belt (302) is matched with the height of the whole brick.

10. The method for manufacturing the high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the raw material mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-47% of green brick raw materials, 45-55% of water and 8-15% of an accelerator.

Background

Perforated bricks are classified into P-shaped bricks and M-shaped bricks, and the difference between the P-shaped bricks and the M-shaped bricks is mainly the external dimension. The porous bricks in the market mainly refer to concrete porous bricks and sintered porous bricks. The concrete perforated brick is a concrete brick with multiple rows of small holes, which is prepared by taking cement as a cementing material and taking crushed building garbage and industrial slag as main aggregates and adding water for stirring, molding and curing, and is provided with a proper matched brick, wherein the hole rate is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the mortar spreading surface is a semi-blind hole and belongs to a non-clay and non-sintered block material; the sintered porous brick is mainly made of clay, shale and fly ash as main raw materials through molding and roasting, has a porosity of more than or equal to 15%, small and large pores, and large and uniform pore distribution surface, and is mainly suitable for bearing wall materials.

Most of the existing porous bricks sintered by coal gangue are integrally fired and formed, the strength of the bricks mainly depends on raw materials and a firing process, the overall strength is balanced, but the bricks have a single structure, a building is not regular and regular, and the compressive strength of the existing bricks still needs to be improved when the building is subjected to the structural characteristics of the building to deal with local pressure.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to provide a high-strength heat-insulating porous brick sintered by coal gangue and a manufacturing method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

2. Technical scheme

The utility model provides a high strength heat-insulating porous brick of gangue sintering, includes the last brick body and the lower brick body of upper and lower veneer, go up brick body cemented surface middle part and seted up interior caulking groove, interior caulking groove axial bilateral symmetry is equipped with two beads, brick body cemented surface middle part is equipped with the outer inlay body with the gomphosis of interior caulking groove down, outer inlay body axial bilateral symmetry is equipped with two recesses with the bead gomphosis.

Preferably, the shape of the inlay is one of a pyramid or a hemisphere or a cylinder or a wedge.

Preferably, the height of the outer inlay is 0.5-1 cm.

Preferably, the longitudinal section of the convex rib is in one of a hemispherical shape, a triangular shape and a rectangular shape.

Preferably, the cross-section of the rib is square or arc.

Preferably, the method for manufacturing the high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by coal gangue is realized based on a brick gluing device, and the brick gluing device comprises a brick body conveying mechanism, a brick body immersing mechanism and a brick body drying mechanism;

the brick body conveying mechanism is arranged at the starting end of the production line and is used for conveying the upper brick body and the lower brick body;

the input end of the brick body immersion mechanism is connected with the output end of the brick body conveying mechanism and is used for gluing the embedded upper brick body and the lower brick body;

the input end of the brick body drying mechanism is connected with the output end of the brick body immersing mechanism and is used for drying the glued whole brick;

the method comprises the following steps:

s1, sintering the brick bodies in part, and respectively preparing an upper brick body and a lower brick body by a traditional brick firing process;

s2, embedding the brick bodies, respectively conveying the upper brick body and the lower brick body through the brick body conveying mechanism, and vertically superposing the upper brick body and the lower brick body;

s3, gluing the bricks, inputting the overlapped bricks into a brick body immersing mechanism through a brick body conveying mechanism, and gluing the overlapped bricks by using a raw material mixing agent;

s4, discharging and drying the bricks, conveying the glued whole bricks into a brick body drying mechanism to be dried at 170-200 ℃, and controlling the water content to be 8-10%;

and S5, re-sintering, and feeding the dried whole brick into a brick kiln for re-sintering, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 800-900 ℃, and the re-sintering lasts for 2 hours.

And S6, steaming, and putting the re-burned whole brick into a steaming chamber for steaming treatment.

Preferably, brick body conveying mechanism is including being the last conveyer belt and the lower conveyer belt of lower level parallel arrangement, go up the conveyer belt surface and form the brick body and carry the chamber, the brick body carries the chamber down on the conveyer belt surface forms down, it is connected with outside brick body pile up neatly mechanism to go up the conveyer belt initiating terminal, it is equipped with the horn block to go up the inside pad of conveyer belt terminating end, its termination of initiating terminal height of horn block, the conveyer belt initiating terminal is connected with outside brick body pile up neatly mechanism down, just the conveyer belt initiating terminal is longer than last conveyer belt initiating terminal down, the conveyer belt terminates the end and passes the brick body in proper order and immerse inside mechanism and the brick body stoving mechanism.

Preferably, the brick body immersion mechanism comprises an immersion gluing tank, the middle section of the lower conveying belt is folded in a concave structure and is arranged in the immersion gluing tank, the lower part of the immersion gluing tank is respectively communicated with a feeding pipe and a blast pipe, the input end of the blast pipe is connected with a blower, the output end of the blast pipe is communicated with a shield, an impeller is horizontally arranged in the shield, the impeller is rotatably connected with the shield through a rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the shield and extends to the upper part of the rotating shaft and is sleeved with a stirring wheel, and the shield is symmetrically provided with two air distribution pipes relative to the brick conveying direction;

immerse the vertical a plurality of air discharge ducts of having seted up in the position of every gas port of the relative cloth tuber pipe of veneer pool inner wall, air discharge duct axial both sides inner wall all is vertical equidistant a plurality of fins have set firmly, two relatively the fin is splayed range and clearance fit forms the exhaust chamber, and is a plurality of supreme reduction in proper order is down followed to the chamber width in exhaust chamber, just a plurality of gas pockets have evenly been seted up on the fin.

Preferably, the brick body drying mechanism comprises an oven erected outside the terminating end of the lower conveying belt, two gluing and pressing belts are arranged in a baking cavity in the oven side by side in the radial direction, each gluing and pressing belt comprises a heat-resistant rubber belt, a plurality of roller shafts in friction transmission are arranged in each heat-resistant rubber belt, a pressing block is arranged in each pressing end of each heat-resistant rubber belt in a cushioning mode, the bottom surface of the starting end of each pressing block is higher than the bottom surface of the terminating end of each pressing block, one of the roller shafts is connected with a stepping motor, and one group of two opposite roller shafts are connected through a connecting shaft;

the distance between the two heat-resistant rubber belts is matched with the length of the whole brick;

the height from the terminal of the pressing block to the surface of the lower conveying belt is matched with the height of the whole brick.

Preferably, the raw material mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-47% of green brick raw materials, 45-55% of water and 8-15% of an accelerator.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

according to the invention, the structure of the traditional perforated brick is improved, so that the traditional integrally formed perforated brick is composed of the upper brick body and the lower brick body which are mutually embedded, the outer embedding body of the gluing surface of the lower brick body has a guiding function, so that the upper brick body can be conveniently overlapped, the strength of the brick is further improved by the arrangement of the outer embedding body, when the brick is subjected to building pressure, the internal pressure of the brick is changed from the traditional integrated centralized stress into the inclined surface uniform stress, so that when the gravity of an upper building is unbalanced, the lower brick body can release pressure to the outer side, and the strength of the brick and the strength of the building are greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the perforated brick of the present invention with its structure disassembled;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the construction of the apparatus for gluing bricks according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the block gluing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a brick conveying mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper and lower conveyor belts of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the brick immersion mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of the immersion gluing tank of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the shield of the present invention shown in a disassembled configuration;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural section view of the brick drying mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the glued compression strip of the present invention;

the reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. putting a brick body; 101. an embedded groove is formed; 102. a rib; 2. a brick body is arranged; 201. an outer inlay; 202. a groove; 3. a brick body conveying mechanism; 301. an upper conveying belt; 302. a lower conveyor belt; 303. a corner block; 4. a brick immersion mechanism; 401. immersing a gluing tank; 402. a feed pipe; 403. a blast pipe; 404. a blower; 405. a shield; 406. an impeller; 407. a stirring wheel; 408. distributing an air pipe; 409. an exhaust groove; 410. a fin; 5. a brick body drying mechanism; 501. an oven; 502. gluing the compression belt; 503. a heat-resistant rubber tape; 504. and (5) a compression block.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution:

the utility model provides a high strength heat-insulating porous brick of gangue sintering, includes the last brick body 1 of upper and lower veneer and lower brick body 2, goes up brick body 1 veneer middle part and has seted up embedded groove 101, and embedded groove 101 axial bilateral symmetry is equipped with two beads 102, and lower brick body 2 veneer middle part is equipped with outer inlay 201 with embedded groove 101 gomphosis, and outer inlay 201 axial bilateral symmetry is equipped with two recesses 202 with bead 102 gomphosis. According to the invention, the structure of the traditional perforated brick is improved, so that the traditional integrally formed perforated brick is composed of the upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2 which are mutually embedded, the outer embedded body 201 on the gluing surface of the lower brick body 2 has a guiding function, so that the upper brick body 1 can be conveniently overlapped, the strength of the brick is further improved by the arrangement of the outer embedded body 201, when the brick is subjected to building pressure, the internal pressure of the brick is changed from traditional integrated centralized stress into inclined surface uniform stress, so that when the gravity of an upper building is unbalanced, the lower brick can release pressure outwards, and the strength of the brick and the strength of the building are greatly improved.

Specifically, the outer inlay 201 is in the shape of one of a pyramid, a hemisphere, a cylinder, and a wedge. The external embedded body 201 in the invention is a convex structure with an inclined plane, and the pressure of the upper building is uniformly distributed to the peripheral side through the inclined plane.

Further, the height of the inlay 201 is 0.5-1 cm.

Still further, the longitudinal section of the rib 102 is one of a hemisphere, a triangle, or a rectangle. The invention also provides a convex edge 102 on the gluing surface of the upper brick body 1, and the arrangement of the convex edge 102 ensures that the upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2 have a limiting effect when being superposed.

Further, the cross-section of the rib 102 is square or curved.

It is worth explaining that, the method for manufacturing the high-strength heat-insulating perforated brick sintered by the coal gangue is realized based on a brick gluing device, and the brick gluing device comprises a brick body conveying mechanism 3, a brick body immersing mechanism 4 and a brick body drying mechanism 5;

the brick body conveying mechanism 3 is arranged at the starting end of the production line and is used for conveying the upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2;

the input end of the brick body immersion mechanism 4 is connected with the output end of the brick body conveying mechanism 3 and is used for gluing and embedding the upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2;

the input end of the brick body drying mechanism 5 is connected with the output end of the brick body immersing mechanism 4 and is used for drying the glued whole brick;

the design of this prescription has the fragment of brick veneer device, makes two upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2 of manufacturing that distribute be convenient for coincide through the fragment of brick veneer device, carries the whole brick after will coinciding into the brick body and immerses in the mechanism 4 and glue for split type fragment of brick becomes integral fragment of brick, afterwards, carries out the pressfitting stoving in the integral fragment of brick after will gluing sends into brick body stoving mechanism 5, thereby makes high strength insulating perforated brick.

The method comprises the following steps:

s1, sintering the brick bodies in part, and respectively preparing an upper brick body 1 and a lower brick body 2 by a traditional brick firing process; the prior traditional brick firing process is shown as the technical scheme in Chinese patents with publication numbers of CN106336240A, CN105731999A and CN 104973881A.

S2, embedding the brick bodies, respectively conveying the upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2 through the brick body conveying mechanism 3, and vertically superposing the upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2; it is worth to be noted that the upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2 are arranged at a proper interval during conveying, that is, one upper brick body 1 corresponds to one lower brick body 2.

S3, gluing the bricks, inputting the overlapped bricks into the brick immersing mechanism 4 through the brick conveying mechanism 3, and gluing the overlapped bricks by using the raw material mixing agent; the raw material mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-47% of green brick raw materials, 45-55% of water and 8-15% of an accelerator.

S4, discharging and drying the bricks, conveying the glued whole bricks into a brick body drying mechanism 5 for drying at 170-200 ℃, and controlling the water content to be 8-10%;

and S5, re-sintering, and feeding the dried whole brick into a brick kiln for re-sintering, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 800-900 ℃, and the re-sintering lasts for 2 hours.

And S6, steaming, and putting the re-burned whole brick into a steaming chamber for steaming treatment.

It should be noted that the brick conveying mechanism 3 includes an upper conveying belt 301 and a lower conveying belt 302 which are horizontally arranged in parallel, an upper brick conveying cavity is formed on the surface of the upper conveying belt 301, a lower brick conveying cavity is formed on the surface of the lower conveying belt 302, the starting end of the upper conveying belt 301 is connected with an external upper brick stacking mechanism, a corner block 303 is padded inside the stopping end of the upper conveying belt 301, the starting end of the corner block 303 is higher than the stopping end of the corner block 303, it is worth mentioning that in the present invention, the height of the stopping end of the corner block 303 is adapted to the height of the whole brick, the starting end of the lower conveying belt 302 is connected with the external lower brick stacking mechanism, the starting end of the lower conveying belt 302 is longer than the starting end of the upper conveying belt 301, and the stopping end of the lower conveying belt 302 sequentially passes through the brick immersing mechanism 4 and the brick drying mechanism 5.

In addition, the brick body immersing mechanism 4 comprises an immersing gluing pool 401, the middle section of the lower conveying belt 302 is folded in a concave structure and is arranged in the immersing gluing pool 401, it is worth explaining that two axial sides of the lower conveying belt 302 are in clearance fit with the inner wall of the immersing gluing pool 401, so that a raw material mixture can conveniently flow out from the clearance from bottom to top, the lower part of the immersing gluing pool 401 is respectively communicated with a feeding pipe 402 and a blast pipe 403, the input end of the blast pipe 403 is connected with an air blower 404, the output end of the blast pipe 403 is communicated with a protective cover 405, an impeller 406 is horizontally arranged in the protective cover 405, the impeller 406 is rotatably connected with the protective cover 405 through a rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the protective cover 405 to extend to the upper part and is sleeved with a stirring wheel 407, and the protective cover 405 is symmetrically provided with two air distribution pipes 408 relative to the brick conveying direction;

immerse the vertical a plurality of air discharge ducts 409 of having seted up in the position of the relative every gas port of air distribution pipe 408 of veneer pool 401 inner wall, air discharge duct 409 axial both sides inner wall all is vertical equidistant a plurality of fins 410 has set firmly, and two relative fins 410 are splayed and arrange and clearance fit formation air discharge chamber, and supreme reduction in proper order is down followed to the chamber width in a plurality of air discharge chambers, and evenly seted up a plurality of gas pockets on fin 410. The raw material mixing agent is input through the feeding pipe 402 on one side of the immersion gluing tank 401, air is blown in through the blower 404 on the other side of the immersion gluing tank 401, so that the air drives the impeller 406 to rotate, the impeller 406 drives the stirring wheel 407 to rotate through the rotating shaft, and the raw material mixing agent in a semi-fluid state is uniformly dispersed; meanwhile, when the raw material mixture in the semi-fluid state is uniformly dispersed, the blown air is discharged from the air port of the air distribution pipe 408 and vacated from bottom to top through the air discharge groove 409, and the horizontal potential energy stirred by the stirring wheel 407 is offset by the vertically risen air through rising of the air with the guiding function, so that the fluid stirring of the whole brick when the whole brick is immersed in the gluing tank 401 is reduced; in addition, a plurality of fins 410 with gaps gradually reduced from bottom to top are arranged in the exhaust groove 409, and rising air is further dispersed through a plurality of air holes in the fins 410 and is fully contacted with the semifluid, so that energy dissipation is more balanced.

In addition, the brick body drying mechanism 5 comprises an oven 501 erected outside the terminating end of the lower conveying belt 302, two gluing pressing belts 502 are arranged in a baking cavity in the oven 501 in a radial direction side by side mode, the gluing pressing belts 502 comprise heat-resistant rubber belts 503, the heat-resistant rubber belts 503 are made of fluororubber in the invention, a plurality of friction-driven roller shafts are arranged in the heat-resistant rubber belts 503, pressing blocks 504 are arranged in the pressing ends of the heat-resistant rubber belts 503 in a cushioning mode, the bottom surfaces of the starting ends of the pressing blocks 504 are higher than the bottom surfaces of the terminating ends of the pressing blocks, one of the roller shafts is connected with a stepping motor, and a group of two opposite roller;

the distance between the two heat-resistant rubber belts 503 is matched with the length of the whole brick;

the height of the terminal end of the hold-down block 504 from the surface of the lower conveyor belt 302 is adapted to the height of the entire brick. According to the invention, two gluing and pressing belts 502 are arranged in the oven 501 side by side to elastically press the glued whole brick, so that the upper brick body 1 and the lower brick body 2 are connected more tightly in a gluing seam.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.