1. The heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

step one, annealing treatment, namely heating the aluminum alloy casting, preserving heat for a period of time, and then cooling the aluminum alloy casting to room temperature along with a furnace to slowly decompose the solid solution and aggregate precipitated second particles;

step two, quenching, namely heating the aluminum alloy casting to a higher temperature, preserving heat for a period of time to fully dissolve a soluble phase in the alloy, then rapidly quenching the casting into water at the temperature of 60-100 ℃ to rapidly cool the casting, so that a strengthening component is dissolved in the alloy to the maximum extent and is fixedly stored to room temperature;

step three, aging treatment, namely heating the quenched aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature, keeping the temperature for a certain time, discharging the aluminum alloy casting out of the furnace, and air cooling the aluminum alloy casting until the temperature reaches room temperature to decompose supersaturated solid solution, so that the structure of an alloy matrix is stable;

and step four, performing circulating treatment, namely cooling the aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature below zero, preserving heat for a certain time, heating the casting to a temperature below 350 ℃, repeatedly shrinking and expanding the intermediate solid solution lattice of the alloy, and causing small displacement of crystal grains of each phase so as to enable atomic segregation areas and mass points of intermetallic compounds in the solid solution crystal lattice to be in a more stable state.

2. The heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy profile according to the first step of claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum alloy casting needs to be heated to 280-300 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.

3. The heat treatment process for the aluminum alloy profile according to the step two of claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum alloy casting is heated to a higher temperature, generally close to the melting point of eutectic, more than 500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than 2 hours.

4. The heat treatment process of an aluminum alloy profile according to the third step of claim 1, characterized in that: the aging treatment can adopt incomplete aging treatment, complete artificial aging treatment and overaging treatment according to the processing requirements,

1) incomplete artificial aging, namely heating the casting to 150-170 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5h to obtain a heat treatment process with good tensile strength, good plasticity and toughness and low corrosion resistance;

2) Fully artificially aging, namely heating the casting to 175-185 ℃, and preserving heat for 5-24h to obtain a heat treatment process with enough tensile strength (namely the highest hardness) but lower elongation;

3) Overaging, namely heating the casting to 190-230 ℃ and preserving heat for 4-9h to reduce the strength and improve the plasticity so as to obtain the process with better stress resistance and corrosion resistance.

5. The heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy profile according to the fourth step of claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum alloy casting is cooled to a certain temperature below zero, the temperature is-50 ℃ to 190 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 to 4 hours.

Background

An aluminum alloy door and window is a door and window made of aluminum alloy extruded sections as frames, stiles and sash materials, and is called an aluminum alloy door and window, and is called an aluminum door and window for short. The aluminum alloy door and window comprises a door and window which is compounded with wood and plastic and takes aluminum alloy as a base material of a stress rod (a rod for bearing and transmitting self weight and load), the door and window is called aluminum-wood composite door and window and aluminum-plastic composite door and window for short, and the quality of the aluminum alloy door and window can be roughly judged from the aspects of material selection of raw materials (aluminum profiles), surface treatment and internal processing quality of the aluminum profiles, the price of the aluminum alloy door and window and the like.

The prior art has the following defects and shortcomings:

however, the aluminum alloy section still has some defects in the processing process, the aluminum alloy needs to be subjected to heat treatment in the processing process, but the traditional aluminum alloy heat treatment mode has defects, and the traditional aluminum alloy heat treatment generally has the defects that the aluminum alloy section is not easy to be straightened in the processing process, the surface has uneven thickness and poor flatness due to the processing, and the later processing and use of the aluminum alloy are further influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section, which can solve the defects of the traditional aluminum alloy heat treatment mode, and the traditional aluminum alloy heat treatment generally has the problems that the aluminum alloy section is difficult to straighten and process in the treatment process, so that the surface has uneven thickness and poor flatness, and further the later-stage processing and use of the aluminum alloy are influenced; the invention effectively solves the problems by arranging the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section.

In order to realize the purpose of the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps,

step one, annealing treatment, namely heating the aluminum alloy casting, preserving heat for a period of time, and then cooling the aluminum alloy casting to room temperature along with a furnace to slowly decompose the solid solution and aggregate precipitated second particles;

step two, quenching, namely heating the aluminum alloy casting to a higher temperature, preserving heat for a period of time to fully dissolve a soluble phase in the alloy, then rapidly quenching the casting into water at the temperature of 60-100 ℃ to rapidly cool the casting, so that a strengthening component is dissolved in the alloy to the maximum extent and is fixedly stored to room temperature;

step three, aging treatment, namely heating the quenched aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature, keeping the temperature for a certain time, discharging the aluminum alloy casting out of the furnace, and air cooling the aluminum alloy casting until the temperature reaches room temperature to decompose supersaturated solid solution, so that the structure of an alloy matrix is stable;

and step four, performing circulating treatment, namely cooling the aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature below zero, preserving heat for a certain time, heating the casting to a temperature below 350 ℃, repeatedly shrinking and expanding the intermediate solid solution lattice of the alloy, and causing small displacement of crystal grains of each phase so as to enable atomic segregation areas and mass points of intermetallic compounds in the solid solution crystal lattice to be in a more stable state.

Preferably, in the step one, the aluminum alloy casting needs to be heated to 280-300 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.

Preferably, the aluminum alloy casting in the second step is heated to a higher temperature, generally close to the melting point of the eutectic, more than 500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than 2 hours.

Preferably, the aging treatment in the third step can adopt incomplete aging treatment, complete artificial aging treatment and overaging treatment according to the processing requirements,

1) incomplete artificial aging, namely heating the casting to 150-170 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5h to obtain a heat treatment process with good tensile strength, good plasticity and toughness and low corrosion resistance;

2) Fully artificially aging, namely heating the casting to 175-185 ℃, and preserving heat for 5-24h to obtain a heat treatment process with enough tensile strength (namely the highest hardness) but lower elongation;

3) Overaging, namely heating the casting to 190-230 ℃ and preserving heat for 4-9h to reduce the strength and improve the plasticity so as to obtain the process with better stress resistance and corrosion resistance.

Preferably, the aluminum alloy casting is cooled to a temperature of minus 50 ℃ to 190 ℃ in the fourth step, and the heat preservation time is 2 to 4 hours.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section comprises the steps of setting annealing treatment, taking the required aluminum alloy section, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy section, namely heating an aluminum alloy casting to 280-300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, then cooling to room temperature along with a furnace, slowly decomposing solid solution in the material, gathering precipitated second mass points, eliminating casting stress of the casting and internal stress caused by mechanical processing through the annealing treatment, stabilizing the appearance size of a machined part, spheroidizing partial Si crystals of Al-Si alloy, and improving the plasticity of the alloy; then heating the aluminum alloy casting to a higher temperature, preserving the heat for a period of time to fully dissolve the soluble phase in the alloy,

2. the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section comprises the steps of setting quenching treatment, annealing the treated aluminum alloy, then rapidly quenching the aluminum alloy into water at 60-100 ℃, rapidly cooling a casting, dissolving a strengthening component in the alloy to the maximum extent, fixing and storing the strengthening component to room temperature, keeping the supersaturated solid solution to the room temperature by a rapid cooling method, wherein the supersaturated solid solution is in an unstable state, solute atoms are likely to be separated out at any time due to the high energy level state, but the plasticity of the material is high at the moment, cold processing or straightening can be carried out, then straightening is carried out immediately, the aluminum alloy section can be rapidly brought to the shape required by a user, the aluminum alloy casting is heated to the high temperature by quenching, and the temperature is kept for more than 2 hours, so that a soluble phase in the alloy is fully dissolved;

3. the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section comprises the steps of heating an aluminum alloy casting subjected to quenching to a certain temperature through setting aging treatment, keeping the temperature for a certain time, discharging the aluminum alloy casting out of a furnace, air-cooling the aluminum alloy casting until the temperature reaches room temperature to decompose supersaturated solid solution, and stabilizing the structure of an alloy matrix through aging treatment;

4. the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section bar comprises the steps of cooling an aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature below zero through setting circulation treatment, preserving heat for a certain time, and heating the casting to a temperature below 350 ℃, so that the moderate solid solution lattice of the alloy is repeatedly contracted and expanded, and small amount of displacement of crystal grains of each phase is generated, so that atom segregation areas and intermetallic compound particles in the solid solution crystal lattice are in a more stable state, and the purposes of improving the size and the volume of a product part are achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy profile comprises the following steps,

step one, annealing treatment, namely heating the aluminum alloy casting to 280-300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, cooling the aluminum alloy casting to room temperature along with a furnace, slowly decomposing the solid solution, and gathering the precipitated second mass points, thereby eliminating the internal stress of the casting and achieving the purposes of stabilizing the size, improving the plasticity and reducing the deformation and the warpage;

step two, quenching, heating the aluminum alloy casting to a higher temperature, generally close to the melting point of eutectic, more than 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than 2 hours to fully dissolve the soluble phase in the alloy, then rapidly quenching the casting into water at 60-100 ℃ to rapidly cool the casting, dissolving the strengthening components in the alloy to the maximum extent and fixedly storing the strengthening components to room temperature,

step three, aging treatment, namely heating the quenched aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature, keeping the temperature for a certain time, discharging the aluminum alloy casting out of the furnace, air cooling the aluminum alloy casting until the temperature reaches room temperature, decomposing supersaturated solid solution, and stabilizing the structure of an alloy matrix,

wherein the aging treatment can adopt incomplete aging treatment, complete artificial aging treatment and overaging treatment according to the processing requirements,

1) incomplete artificial aging, namely heating the casting to 150-170 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5h to obtain a heat treatment process with good tensile strength, good plasticity and toughness and low corrosion resistance;

2) Fully artificially aging, namely heating the casting to 175-185 ℃, and preserving heat for 5-24h to obtain a heat treatment process with enough tensile strength (namely the highest hardness) but lower elongation;

3) Overaging, namely heating the casting to 190-230 ℃ and preserving heat for 4-9h to reduce the strength and improve the plasticity so as to obtain the process with better stress resistance and corrosion resistance.

And step four, performing circulating treatment, namely cooling the aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature below zero, wherein the temperature is minus 50 ℃ to 190 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 to 4 hours, and then heating the casting to a temperature below 350 ℃, so that the intermediate solid solution lattice of the alloy is repeatedly contracted and expanded, and the crystal grains of each phase are slightly displaced, so that the atomic segregation areas and the mass points of the intermetallic compounds in the solid solution crystal lattice are in a more stable state.

When the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section is used, the heat treatment process of the aluminum alloy section takes the required aluminum alloy section through setting annealing treatment, the aluminum alloy section is subjected to heat treatment, namely, an aluminum alloy casting is heated to 280-plus-300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2-3h, then the aluminum alloy casting is cooled to room temperature along with a furnace, so that solid solution in the material is slowly decomposed, precipitated second mass points are gathered, the casting stress of the casting and the internal stress caused by mechanical processing are eliminated through the annealing treatment, the appearance size of a workpiece is stabilized, and partial Si crystals of the Al-Si alloy are spheroidized, so that the plasticity of the alloy is improved; then heating the aluminum alloy casting to a higher temperature, preserving the heat for a period of time to fully dissolve the soluble phase in the alloy, then quickly quenching the casting into water at 60-100 ℃ to make the casting rapidly cooled so as to maximally dissolve the strengthening components in the alloy and fixedly storing the strengthening components to room temperature, the supersaturated solid solution is kept to the room temperature by a rapid cooling method, is an unstable state, solute atoms are likely to be precipitated at any time because of the high energy level state, but the plasticity of the material is high at the moment, cold processing or straightening working procedures can be carried out, then straightening the aluminum alloy profile, quickly making the aluminum alloy profile into the shape required by a user, the quenching is to heat the aluminum alloy casting to a higher temperature, keep the temperature for more than 2 hours, fully dissolve the soluble phase in the alloy, then, rapidly quenching the alloy into water to rapidly cool the casting, so that the strengthening combination is dissolved in the alloy to the maximum extent and is fixedly stored to the room temperature; heating the quenched aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature, keeping the temperature for a certain time, discharging the aluminum alloy casting out of the furnace, and air cooling the aluminum alloy casting until the temperature reaches room temperature to decompose supersaturated solid solution, and stabilizing the structure of an alloy matrix through aging treatment; and finally, cooling the aluminum alloy casting to a certain temperature below zero, preserving heat for a certain time, and heating the casting to a temperature below 350 ℃, so that the intermediate solid solution lattice of the alloy is repeatedly contracted and expanded, and crystal grains of each phase are slightly displaced, so that atom segregation areas and mass points of intermetallic compounds in the solid solution crystal lattice are in a more stable state, and the purposes of improving the size and the volume of the product part are achieved.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.