1. The utility model provides a be used for V style of calligraphy tunnel fire smoke test device which characterized in that includes:

the test tunnel comprises a first variable angle tunnel section, a horizontal tunnel section and a second variable angle tunnel section, wherein the first variable angle tunnel section and the second variable angle tunnel section are respectively positioned at two ends of the horizontal tunnel section and fixedly connected with the horizontal tunnel section at an included angle;

the supporting assembly comprises a plurality of liftable height adjusting devices, and the height adjusting devices are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the first variable-angle tunnel section, the horizontal tunnel section and the second variable-angle tunnel section so as to adjust the included angles between the first variable-angle tunnel section and the horizontal tunnel section and between the second variable-angle tunnel section and the horizontal tunnel section;

the combustion fire source is placed in the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section through a height adjusting frame, and the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section are in sealing connection with the height adjusting frame;

the heat insulation layer is coated on the outer side of the test tunnel to reduce heat dissipation of the test tunnel to the environment.

2. The fire and smoke discharge test device for the V-shaped tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the first variable-angle tunnel section is arranged in a variable slope mode at a first included angle with the first end of the horizontal tunnel section through a first slope changing mechanism; and the second end of the horizontal tunnel section and the second variable-angle tunnel section are in second included angle slope changing arrangement through a second slope changing mechanism.

3. The fire and smoke discharge test device for the V-shaped tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the first slope changing mechanism and the second slope changing mechanism are slope changing points formed by folding and bending structures, so that heat transfer among the first variable-angle tunnel section, the horizontal tunnel section and the second variable-angle tunnel section is consistent, and included angles are convenient to adjust.

4. The fire and smoke discharge test device for the V-shaped tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the first variable angle tunnel section, the horizontal tunnel section and the second variable angle tunnel section are formed by connecting a plurality of square pipes through bolts.

5. The fire and smoke discharge test device for the V-shaped tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the height adjusting device is one of a mechanical lifting platform, a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.

6. The fire and smoke discharge test device for the V-shaped tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the burning fire source is an oil pool, the height adjusting frame comprises a sleeve tray and a lifting platform, an opening is formed in the bottom of the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section, and the sleeve tray is matched with the opening and is in sealing connection with the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section; the oil pool is arranged on the sleeve tray and is positioned in the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section; the lifting platform is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve tray so as to adjust the height of the sleeve tray.

7. A fire smoke discharge measurement system for V-type tunnels, comprising the fire smoke discharge test device for V-type tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

the temperature acquisition device comprises a plurality of thermocouple strings which are arranged at the top of the test tunnel at intervals so as to realize real-time temperature measurement of each measurement part in the test tunnel;

the mass acquisition device comprises an electronic balance, and the electronic balance is arranged at the lower end of the combustion fire source so as to realize real-time measurement of the fuel mass of the combustion fire source changing along with time;

the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the thermocouple string;

the control terminal is in signal connection with the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument, and the control terminal stores and processes data acquired by the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument to obtain a longitudinal temperature attenuation rule and a flue gas backflow length below a top plate of the test tunnel under different working conditions; the electronic balance is in signal connection with the control terminal through the acquisition conversion interface, data acquired by the electronic balance are transmitted to the control terminal, the control terminal obtains change data of fuel quality along with time and records and stores experimental data, and the control terminal processes the experimental data to obtain the mass loss rate of the fuel and the corresponding fire source power.

8. The system for measuring fire and smoke discharge of the V-shaped tunnel according to claim 7, wherein the control terminal is a computer or a wireless data acquisition instrument terminal.

9. A fire and smoke emission measurement system for V-shaped tunnels according to claim 7, further comprising at least one of an airflow sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a visibility sensor and a monitoring device arranged in the test tunnel.

Background

The V-shaped tunnel fire is a complex fluid mechanics problem, and mainly relates to multidisciplinary knowledge such as heat transfer, mass transfer, chemical reaction and the like. During the development and stabilization of the fire, basic physical laws of energy conservation, momentum conservation, mass conservation, component conservation and the like are followed, and the basic law of the fire development can be solved by combining the conservation equations and setting a certain boundary condition.

At present, the main research methods of tunnel fire comprise a numerical simulation method and a physical model test method. The accuracy of numerical simulation studies depends on the correct setting of boundary conditions and physical parameters, and the validity of the established model needs to be verified by experiments. In the prior art, the physical model generally adopts a large-size or full-size test, the test scale is large, the test cost is high, and the test field is limited, so that the repeatability of the test is limited.

Therefore, a test device and a test system which can simulate the temperature variation trend of the top of the V-shaped tunnel under different working conditions and are small-size physical models are urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a test device and a test system which can simulate the temperature change trend of the top of a V-shaped tunnel under different working conditions and are small-size physical models, and adopts the following technical scheme:

a fire smoke discharge test device for V-shaped tunnels comprises:

the test tunnel comprises a first variable angle tunnel section, a horizontal tunnel section and a second variable angle tunnel section, wherein the first variable angle tunnel section and the second variable angle tunnel section are respectively positioned at two ends of the horizontal tunnel section and fixedly connected with the horizontal tunnel section at an included angle;

the supporting assembly comprises a plurality of liftable height adjusting devices, and the height adjusting devices are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the first variable-angle tunnel section, the horizontal tunnel section and the second variable-angle tunnel section so as to adjust the included angles between the first variable-angle tunnel section and the horizontal tunnel section and between the second variable-angle tunnel section and the horizontal tunnel section;

the combustion fire source is placed in the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section through a height adjusting frame, and the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section are in sealing connection with the height adjusting frame;

the heat insulation layer is coated on the outer side of the test tunnel to reduce heat dissipation of the test tunnel to the environment.

Furthermore, the first variable-angle tunnel section and the first end of the horizontal tunnel section form a first included angle slope change arrangement through a first slope change mechanism; and the second end of the horizontal tunnel section and the second variable-angle tunnel section are in second included angle slope changing arrangement through a second slope changing mechanism.

Furthermore, the first slope changing mechanism and the second slope changing mechanism are slope changing points formed by folding bending structures, so that heat transfer among the first variable-angle tunnel section, the horizontal tunnel section and the second variable-angle tunnel section is consistent, and included angles are convenient to adjust.

Further, the first variable angle tunnel section, the horizontal tunnel section and the second variable angle tunnel section are formed by connecting a plurality of square pipes through bolts.

Further, the height adjusting device is one of a mechanical lifting platform, a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.

Further, the combustion fire source is an oil pool, the height adjusting frame comprises a sleeve tray and a lifting platform, an opening is formed in the bottom of the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section, and the sleeve tray is matched with the opening and is in sealing connection with the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section; the oil pool is arranged on the sleeve tray and is positioned in the horizontal tunnel section and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section; the lifting platform is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve tray so as to adjust the height of the sleeve tray.

A measurement system for V-shaped tunnel fire smoke discharging comprises any one of the above fire smoke discharging test device for V-shaped tunnels, and further comprises:

the temperature acquisition device comprises a plurality of thermocouple strings which are arranged at the top of the test tunnel at intervals so as to realize real-time temperature measurement of each measurement part in the test tunnel;

the mass acquisition device comprises an electronic balance, and the electronic balance is arranged at the lower end of the combustion fire source so as to realize real-time measurement of the fuel mass of the combustion fire source changing along with time;

the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the thermocouple string;

the control terminal is in signal connection with the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument, and the control terminal stores and processes data acquired by the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument to obtain a longitudinal temperature attenuation rule and a flue gas backflow length below a top plate of the test tunnel under different working conditions; the electronic balance is in signal connection with the control terminal through the acquisition conversion interface, data acquired by the electronic balance are transmitted to the control terminal, the control terminal obtains change data of fuel quality along with time and records and stores experimental data, and the control terminal processes the experimental data to obtain the mass loss rate of the fuel and the corresponding fire source power.

Further, the control terminal is a computer or a wireless data acquisition instrument terminal.

Further, at least one of an airflow sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a visibility sensor and a monitoring device which are arranged in the test tunnel is further included.

Further, the thermocouple string is a K-type thermocouple string.

Has the advantages that:

the invention provides a fire and smoke discharge test device and a fire and smoke discharge measurement system for a V-shaped tunnel, wherein a physical model of the fire and smoke discharge test device for the V-shaped tunnel is a small-size test model, the test scale is small, the test cost is low, the occupied test field is small, and repeated tests can be carried out to ensure the accuracy of measurement data.

In addition, the system for measuring fire smoke discharge of the V-shaped tunnel provided by the invention can simulate the trend of temperature change at the top of the V-shaped tunnel under different working conditions, the mass loss rate of fuel and the corresponding fire source power.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is another schematic view of the overall structure of the invention;

wherein, 1, a first variable angle tunnel section; 2. fixing a bracket; 3. a height adjustment device; 4. a first grade changing mechanism; 5. a monitoring device; 6. a horizontal tunnel segment; 7. a quality acquisition device; 8. a second grade changing mechanism; 9. a lifting platform; 10. a second variable angle tunnel segment; 11. and controlling the terminal.

Detailed Description

Example 1

A fire smoke discharge test device for V-shaped tunnels comprises: test tunnel, supporting component, burning fire source and insulating layer.

The test tunnel comprises a first variable angle tunnel section 1, a horizontal tunnel section 6 and a second variable angle tunnel section 10, wherein the first variable angle tunnel section 1 and the second variable angle tunnel section 10 are respectively positioned at two ends of the horizontal tunnel section 6 and fixedly connected with the horizontal tunnel section 6 at an included angle.

In the embodiment, the first variable-angle tunnel section 1 and the first end of the horizontal tunnel section 6 are in slope-changing arrangement at a first included angle through the first slope-changing mechanism 4; the second end of the horizontal tunnel section 6 and the second variable angle tunnel section 10 form a second included angle slope changing arrangement through a second slope changing mechanism 8.

Wherein, first change sloping mechanism 4 and second change sloping mechanism 8 form the variable slope point by a plurality of tinfoil paper winding to guarantee that heat transfer is unanimous and make things convenient for the contained angle to adjust between first variable angle tunnel section 1, horizontal tunnel section 6 and the second variable angle tunnel section 10.

In this embodiment, the first angle and the second angle are different angles.

The first included angle is an included angle between an axial center line of the first variable-angle tunnel section 1 and an axial center line of the horizontal tunnel section 6, and the second included angle is an included angle between an axial center line of the second variable-angle tunnel section 10 and an axial center line of the horizontal tunnel section 6.

In this embodiment, the first included angle is 30 ° and the second included angle is 45 °.

In other embodiments, the first angle is 0 ° and the second angle is 60 °, i.e., a "V" tunnel test without an intermediate horizontal tunnel is achieved.

Wherein, the first slope changing mechanism 4 and the second slope changing mechanism 8 both adopt slope changing points formed by folding and bending structures. In this embodiment, the corrugated tube is preferably folded and bent to form a folding and bending structure.

In this embodiment, the first variable angle tunnel section 1, the horizontal tunnel section 6 and the second variable angle tunnel section 10 are made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 2.0mm, wherein the first variable angle tunnel section 1, the horizontal tunnel section 6 and the second variable angle tunnel section 10 are made of a plurality of square tubes with a length of 2.00m and an inner diameter of 0.20m, which are filled with fillers made of arch-shaped cross sections and stainless steel materials and connected by flanges and bolts.

In other embodiments, the square tube may be filled with fillers with any cross section and stainless steel or other materials to simulate smoke exhaust effects of tunnels with different shapes.

The supporting component comprises a plurality of liftable height adjusting devices 3, and the height adjusting devices 3 are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the first variable-angle tunnel section 1, the horizontal tunnel section 6 and the second variable-angle tunnel section 10 so as to adjust included angles between the first variable-angle tunnel section 1 and the horizontal tunnel section 6 and between the second variable-angle tunnel section 10 and the horizontal tunnel section 6.

In the present embodiment, the height adjusting device 3 is one of a mechanical lifting platform, a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, preferably a hydraulic cylinder.

In the embodiment, a fixed support 2 is arranged between the height adjusting device 3 and the first variable angle tunnel section 1/the horizontal tunnel section 6/the second variable angle tunnel section 10, and the fixed support 2 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the first variable angle tunnel section 1/the horizontal tunnel section 6/the second variable angle tunnel section 10; the fixed bracket 2 is hinged with the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder.

Wherein, the fixed bracket 2 is provided with an arc-shaped groove matched with the first variable angle tunnel section 1/the horizontal tunnel section 6/the second variable angle tunnel section 10.

The burning fire source is placed in the horizontal tunnel section 6 and/or the second variable angle tunnel section 10 through the height adjusting frame, and the horizontal tunnel section 6 and/or the second variable angle tunnel section 10 are connected with the height adjusting frame in a sealing mode.

The insulating layer cladding is in the outside of experimental tunnel to it dispels the heat to the environment to reduce experimental tunnel.

The combustion fire source is an oil pool, the height adjusting frame comprises a sleeve tray and a lifting platform 9, the bottom of the horizontal tunnel section 6 and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section 10 is provided with an opening, and the sleeve tray is matched with the opening and is in sealing connection with the horizontal tunnel section 6 and/or the second variable-angle tunnel section 10; the oil pool is arranged on the sleeve tray and is positioned in the horizontal tunnel section 6 and/or the second variable angle tunnel section 10; the lifting platform 9 is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve tray to adjust the height of the sleeve tray.

In the present embodiment, the combustion fire source is disposed at the middle position of the horizontal tunnel segment 6; no openings are provided in the first variable angle tunnel section 1 and the second variable angle tunnel section 10.

In other embodiments, the combustion fire source may be disposed within the first variable angle tunnel section 1 or within the second variable angle tunnel section 10; or can be arranged in any 2 of the first variable angle tunnel section 1, the horizontal tunnel section 6 and the second variable angle tunnel section 10 at the same time; and can be arranged inside the first variable angle tunnel section 1, the horizontal tunnel section 6 and the second variable angle tunnel section 10 at the same time. Wherein, only need to set up corresponding opening on placing burning fire source's first variable angle tunnel section 1, horizontal tunnel section 6, second variable angle tunnel section 10.

In this embodiment, the sleeve tray is a square arrangement.

In this embodiment, the lifting platform 9 is a stainless steel lifting platform.

The insulating layer cladding is in the outside of experimental tunnel to it dispels the heat to the environment to reduce experimental tunnel.

In this embodiment, the thermal barrier layer is preferably a 30.0mm thick alumina silicate ceramic fiber fire wool.

Example 2

The utility model provides a measurement system for V style of calligraphy tunnel fire is discharged fume, includes that embodiment 1 provides is used for V style of calligraphy tunnel fire to discharge fume test device, still includes: the device comprises a temperature acquisition device, a quality acquisition device 7, a couple temperature acquisition instrument and a control terminal 11.

The temperature acquisition device comprises a plurality of thermocouple strings which are arranged at the top of the test tunnel at intervals so as to realize real-time temperature measurement of each measurement part in the test tunnel.

In this embodiment, the spacing between adjacent thermocouple strings is 5.0 cm. Wherein, 40K-type thermocouple strings with the diameter of about 3.0mm are arranged in each section of tunnel in total, and the measurement error is 5 ℃.

In this example, all tunnels were covered with 30.0mm thick alumina silicate ceramic fiber fire wool after tunnel stations were placed.

The mass acquisition device 7 comprises an electronic balance, in the embodiment, the electronic balance is arranged at the lower end of the height adjusting device 3, and the combustion fire source is arranged at the upper end of the height adjusting device 3 so as to realize the real-time measurement of the fuel mass of the combustion fire source changing along with time. In another embodiment, an electronic balance is arranged between the burning fire source and the height adjusting device 3, wherein the electronic balance is arranged at the lower end of the burning fire source and at the lower end of the height adjusting device 3, so as to realize real-time measurement of the fuel quality of the burning fire source changing along with time.

Wherein, the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the thermocouple string.

The control terminal 11 is in signal connection with the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument, and the control terminal 11 stores and processes data acquired by the thermocouple temperature acquisition instrument to obtain a longitudinal temperature attenuation rule and a flue gas backflow length below a top plate of the test tunnel under different working conditions; the electronic balance is in signal connection with the control terminal 11 through the acquisition conversion interface, data acquired by the electronic balance are transmitted to the control terminal 11, the control terminal 11 obtains change data of fuel quality along with time and records and stores experimental data, and the control terminal 11 processes the experimental data to obtain the mass loss rate of the fuel and the corresponding fire source power.

In this embodiment, the control terminal 11 is a computer or a wireless data collector terminal, preferably a wireless data collector terminal, so as to avoid the messy lines in the test field.

In the embodiment, the maximum weighing of the electronic balance is 30kg, the measuring accuracy of the electronic balance is 0.1g, and the value error is 1; the thermocouple string is a thermocouple string of a K-type thermocouple.

In other embodiments, at least one of an airflow sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a visibility sensor and a monitoring device 5 arranged in the test tunnel is further included.

And the airflow sensor is used for detecting the airflow direction and/or airflow rate in the tunnel.

And the smoke concentration sensor is used for detecting the smoke concentration in the detection tunnel.

And the visibility sensor is used for detecting the visibility in the tunnel.

The monitoring devices 5 are cameras, the number of which is 2, and the monitoring devices are respectively arranged corresponding to the tunnel mouths of the first variable angle tunnel segment and the second variable angle tunnel segment 10.

Wherein, airflow sensor, smoke concentration sensor, visibility sensor and monitoring device 5 all with control terminal 11 signal connection.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.