1. An integral modular channel type heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing and forming is characterized in that: the printing device is formed by adopting an additive manufacturing technology at one time and comprises a solid heat exchange main body section (12), wherein a direct current channel (4) for a first medium to flow through and a side flow channel (9) for a second medium to flow through are arranged in the heat exchange main body section (12), a heat exchange unit (3) is formed at the intersection of the direct current channel (4) and the side flow channel (9), the lower end of the direct current channel (4) is communicated with a direct current lower end socket (2), a direct current inlet pipeline (1) is arranged on the direct current lower end socket (2), the upper end of the direct current channel (4) is communicated with a direct current upper end socket (5), and a direct current outlet pipeline (6) is arranged on the direct upper end socket (5); the lower end circular arc of the lateral flow channel (9) is connected with a lower horizontal baffling channel (13), the lower horizontal baffling channel (13) is communicated with a lateral flow lower end enclosure (8), a lateral flow inflow pipeline (7) is arranged on the lateral flow lower end enclosure (8), the upper end circular arc of the lateral flow channel (9) is connected with an upper horizontal baffling channel (14), the upper horizontal baffling channel (14) is communicated with a lateral flow upper end enclosure (10), and a lateral flow outflow pipeline (11) is arranged on the lateral flow upper end enclosure (10). A lateral flow upper end enclosure (10) and a lateral flow outlet pipeline (11); the length of the heat exchange unit (3) is determined according to the requirement of the equipment and the heat exchange stroke; the heat exchange unit (3) is used for isolating the direct-flow channel (4) from the side-flow channel (9) and completing heat exchange of the first medium and the second medium by utilizing the characteristic of high-efficiency heat conduction of the heat exchange unit.

2. The integrally modular channeled heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing molding of claim 1, wherein: the direct current channel (4) and the side flow channel (9) are arranged at intervals.

3. The integrally modular channeled heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing molding of claim 1, wherein: the cross sections of the direct current channel (4) and the side current channel (9) are circular, oval or kidney-shaped.

4. The integrally modular channeled heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing molding of claim 1, wherein: the space included angle between the lower horizontal baffling channel (13) and the upper horizontal baffling channel (14) is 0 degree, 90 degrees or 180 degrees.

5. The integrally modular channeled heat exchanger structure of claim 4, wherein: the space included angle between the lower horizontal baffling channel (13) and the upper horizontal baffling channel (14) is 180 degrees.

6. The integrally modular channeled heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing molding of claim 1, wherein: and the lateral flow lower end socket (8) and the lateral flow upper end socket (10) are both provided with a drainage boss (15) to ensure that the inlet end and the outlet end of the upper horizontal baffling pipe and the lower horizontal baffling pipe exceed the periphery of the heat exchange unit (3).

Background

The nuclear power steam generator is heat exchange equipment for generating steam required by a steam turbine and is one of the most critical main equipment of the nuclear power plant, the steam generator is connected with a reactor pressure vessel, the power and the efficiency of a power station are directly influenced, and the nuclear power steam generator plays a role in blocking radioactive heat-carrying agents during heat exchange and is of great importance to the safety of the nuclear power plant.

The high-temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power plant selects a spiral coil type evaporator. The steam generator is a core heat exchange device for connecting and isolating the primary loop and the secondary loop, and has the main function of transmitting heat generated by the nuclear reactor core from the primary loop to the secondary loop to generate superheated steam to drive a steam turbine to do work and generate electricity through a generator. The high-temperature gas cooled reactor evaporator adopts a vertical direct-current countercurrent component type design structure, is arranged side by side with a reactor pressure vessel, and is placed in an evaporator pressure-bearing shell together with a main helium fan. Therefore, the heat exchanger structure in the steam generator of the high temperature gas cooled reactor is of great importance.

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the most typical dividing wall type heat exchanger, has a long history in industrial application and still dominates the heat exchanger. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger mainly comprises a shell, a tube bundle, a tube plate, an end enclosure and the like, wherein the shell is mostly circular, the parallel tube bundle is arranged in the shell, and two ends of the tube bundle are fixed on the tube plate. Two fluids for heat exchange in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, wherein one fluid flows in the tube, and the stroke of the fluid is called as tube pass; one type of flow outside the tube is referred to as the shell side. The wall surface of the tube bundle is the heat transfer surface. However, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger has the defects of low heat exchange efficiency, more welding nodes and the like.

The market now proposes to manufacture heat exchangers using additive manufacturing, which has advantages not provided by conventional manufacturing techniques. However, the structural design of the heat exchanger manufactured and formed by additive manufacturing is mostly unreasonable at present, and particularly, the lateral flow baffling and flow guiding structure designed at present is unclear and unreasonable, and the occupied cross-sectional area is large and is equal to the cross-sectional area of a heat exchange unit, so that the problems of cost increase and manufacturing period increase are caused.

In order to solve the above problems, it is urgently needed to design an integral modular channel type heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing and molding. The heat exchanger with the structure has the characteristics of compactness, high efficiency and overall modularization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to design an integral modular channel type heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing molding, aiming at the problems that the existing additive manufactured heat exchanger has side flow baffling and drainage structures which are not clear and reasonable, occupies a large cross-sectional area which is equal to the cross-sectional area of a heat exchange unit, and causes cost increase and manufacturing period increase.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an integral modular channel type heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing and forming is characterized in that: the printing device is formed by adopting an additive manufacturing technology at one time, and comprises a solid heat exchange main body section 12, wherein a direct-current channel 4 for a first medium to flow through and a side-current channel 9 for a second medium to flow through are arranged in the heat exchange main body section 12, a heat exchange unit 3 is formed at the intersection of the direct-current channel 4 and the side-current channel 9, the lower end of the direct-current channel 4 is communicated with a direct-current lower end enclosure 2, a direct-current inflow pipeline 1 is arranged on the direct-current lower end enclosure 2, the upper end of the direct-current channel 4 is communicated with a direct-current upper end enclosure 5, and a direct-current outflow pipeline 6 is arranged on the direct upper end enclosure 5; the lower end arc of the lateral flow channel 9 is connected with a lower horizontal baffling channel 13, the lower horizontal baffling channel 13 is communicated with a lateral flow lower end enclosure 8, the lateral flow lower end enclosure 8 is provided with a lateral inflow pipeline 7, the upper end arc of the lateral flow channel 9 is connected with an upper horizontal baffling channel 14, the upper horizontal baffling channel 14 is communicated with a lateral flow upper end enclosure 10, and the lateral flow upper end enclosure 10 is provided with a lateral outflow pipeline 11. A lateral flow upper end enclosure 10 and a lateral flow outlet pipeline 11; the length of the heat exchange unit 3 is determined according to the requirement of the equipment and the heat exchange stroke; the heat exchange unit 3 is used for isolating the direct-flow channel 4 from the side-flow channel 9 and completing heat exchange between the first medium and the second medium by utilizing the characteristic of high-efficiency heat conduction of the heat exchange unit.

The direct flow channel 4 and the side flow channel 9 are arranged at intervals.

The cross sections of the straight flow channel 4 and the side flow channel 9 are circular, oval or kidney-shaped.

The space included angle between the lower horizontal deflection channel 13 and the upper horizontal deflection channel 14 is 0 degree, 90 degrees or 180 degrees.

The space included angle between the lower horizontal deflection channel 13 and the upper horizontal deflection channel 14 is 180 degrees.

The lateral flow lower end socket 8 and the lateral flow upper end socket 10 are both provided with a drainage boss 15 so as to ensure that the inlet end and the outlet end of the upper horizontal baffling pipe and the lower horizontal baffling pipe exceed the periphery of the heat exchange unit 3.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention realizes the structural form of converting the traditional tube bundle into the channel, uses the metal material as the heat transfer material, and exchanges heat among the channels of each layer in the heat exchange unit, thereby ensuring the safe and stable heat transfer under the severe working conditions of high temperature, high pressure and the like and ensuring the safe operation of the equipment. Has the advantages of low cost and high manufacturing speed.

Two mediums respectively flow into respective channels from respective oval end socket assemblies for heat exchange, and respectively flow out from the oval end socket assemblies at the other ends after the heat exchange is finished. The structure is integrally formed by additive manufacturing, the microstructure is consistent, and the performance is uniform. A side flow baffling area is designed through a shell and tube type thought, so that the requirements of side flow medium flow collection and flow distribution are met while the heat exchange efficiency and structural rationality are ensured, and the multi-angle integral modularization of the heat exchanger is realized.

The invention has simple structure and high heat exchange efficiency, and compared with a shell type with the same outer diameter, the invention improves the heat exchange efficiency by at least more than 1 time and does not generate the leakage phenomenon.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a media channel arrangement of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the first medium fluid of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a second medium fluid working schematic of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lateral flow channel arrangement of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

As shown in fig. 1-5.

An integral modular channel type heat exchanger structure based on additive manufacturing and forming is formed by printing in one step through an additive manufacturing technology, the shape of the integral modular channel type heat exchanger structure is shown in figure 1, the integral modular channel type heat exchanger structure comprises a solid heat exchange main body section 12, a straight-flow channel 4 for flowing a first medium and a side-flow channel 9 for flowing a second medium are arranged in the heat exchange main body section 12, and the straight-flow channel 4 and the side-flow channel 9 are arranged at intervals as shown in figure 2. The cross-section of the straight-flow channel 4 and the side-flow channel 9 may be circular as shown in fig. 2, or may be oval or kidney-shaped. A heat exchange unit 3 is formed at the intersection of the direct current channel 4 and the lateral flow channel 9, the lower end of the direct current channel 4 is communicated with the direct current lower end enclosure 2, a direct current inflow pipeline 1 is arranged on the direct current lower end enclosure 2, the upper end of the direct current channel 4 is communicated with the direct current upper end enclosure 5, and a direct current outflow pipeline 6 is arranged on the direct upper end enclosure 5, as shown in fig. 3; the lower end arc of the lateral flow channel 9 is connected with a lower horizontal baffling channel 13, the lower horizontal baffling channel 13 is communicated with a lateral flow lower end enclosure 8, the lateral flow lower end enclosure 8 is provided with a lateral inflow pipeline 7, the upper end arc of the lateral flow channel 9 is connected with an upper horizontal baffling channel 14, the upper horizontal baffling channel 14 is communicated with a lateral flow upper end enclosure 10, and the lateral flow upper end enclosure 10 is provided with a lateral outflow pipeline 11. A lateral flow upper end enclosure 10 and a lateral flow outlet pipeline 11, as shown in fig. 4; fig. 2 is a cross section of the heat exchange unit 3, wherein the pressure-bearing strength and the analysis of the heat transfer efficiency of the hot fluid are calculated according to the design pressure and the design temperature by the arrangement of the positions and the number of the channels of the first medium and the second medium, the diameter and the like of the channels, and the length of the heat exchange unit 3 is determined according to the requirements of the equipment and the heat exchange stroke, and is not limited to the graph shown in fig. 2; the heat exchange unit 3 is used for isolating the direct-flow channel 4 from the side-flow channel 9 and completing heat exchange between the first medium and the second medium by utilizing the characteristic of high-efficiency heat conduction of the heat exchange unit. The end sockets are mainly used for collecting media in the channels on the basis of pressure bearing, so that inflow/outflow is collected. The first medium flows into the direct current lower seal head 2 from the direct current inflow pipeline 1, meanwhile, the second medium flows into the side current lower seal head 8 from the side current inflow pipeline 7, the two media respectively gather and enter respective channels, heat exchange and heat dissipation are completed in the heat exchange unit 3, the first medium flows into the direct current upper seal head 5 and flows out from the direct current outflow pipeline 6, the second medium flows into the side current upper seal head 10 and flows out from the side current outflow pipeline 11, and the whole device completes heat exchange and heat dissipation and circulates according to the heat exchange and heat dissipation. The space included angle between the lower horizontal deflection channel 13 and the upper horizontal deflection channel 14 is 0 degree, 90 degrees or 180 degrees, and preferably 180 degrees. The lateral flow lower end socket 8 and the lateral flow upper end socket 10 are both provided with a drainage boss 15 so as to ensure that the inlet end and the outlet end of the upper horizontal baffling pipe and the lower horizontal baffling pipe exceed the periphery of the heat exchange unit 3.

The details are as follows:

the heat exchanger is formed based on additive manufacturing, is a channel type heat transfer mode, is different from a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, transfers heat in the heat exchange unit 3 through metal heat conduction in the heat transfer mode, is not limited by tube plates at two ends of the similar shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and can realize the intensive arrangement of a plurality of layers of heat transfer channels, thereby greatly increasing the heat transfer area and improving the heat exchange efficiency. And the shell-and-tube heat exchanger carries out heat transfer heat dissipation through the heat-transfer pipe, receives on its overall structure restriction leads to heat transfer area not enough, the low basis of heat transfer efficiency, and the security of structure is also not enough. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger equipment has too many welding structures due to welding of the tube bundle and the tube plate, and in the operation process of the equipment, due to the severe working conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the tube bundle is continuously vibrated by induced vibration generated by shell pass fluid, leakage and seepage at the joint of the tube plate can be caused, the heat transfer tube and the tube head are continuously washed by the fluid, the tube body is easily damaged, and thus serious accidents of tube breaking and water loss are caused. The channel type heat exchanger based on additive manufacturing and forming is integrally formed without splicing, the flow resistance of each channel is reduced to the maximum extent, the problems of form and position tolerance and position relation of the channels caused by welding and forming of each heat exchange unit are not required to be considered, the overall microstructure structure is consistent, the uniformity of the overall performance and stress of the equipment is ensured, and accidents of the equipment under the severe working conditions of high temperature and high pressure are effectively avoided.

The design of the side flow deflection zone (X-zone) in fig. 4. The design of the side flow baffling region (X region) is arranged in a circumferential tubular array as a whole, as shown in fig. 5. Under the condition of ensuring safety, the effective heat-conducting metal volume between the first medium channel and the second medium channel and the heat-conducting area between the first medium and the second medium are ensured to the maximum extent. The fluid in each channel of the second medium flows out through the side flow upper end enclosure 10 collectively. And the baffling bend is in a round angle, so that the erosion of fluid to the pipeline is effectively reduced.

The design of the positions of the lateral flow lower end socket 8 and the lateral flow upper end socket 10 are 180 degrees from top to bottom, and the design of the positions is realized through a lateral flow baffling area (X area). The design can combine the heat exchangers, the two heat exchangers can be combined through the lateral flow lower end socket 8 or the lateral flow upper end socket 10, and with the development of science and technology and the requirement of design, a single heat exchanger is combined into a plurality of heat exchangers at any time to form the combined heat exchanger. According to the requirement of combining a plurality of heat exchangers, the positions of the lateral flow lower end socket 8 and the lateral flow upper end socket 10 can be designed to be 0 degree, 90 degrees and 180 degrees through reasonable arrangement of channels of all layers, the heat exchanger is flexible and ingenious, convenient and fast to upgrade and high in sustainable development degree, and the whole modularization of the heat exchanger is realized.

Based on the integral molding of additive manufacturing, various problems caused by multiple materials of one device are avoided, such as the problem of dissimilar steel welding caused by inconsistent materials of all heat exchange units and the problem of inconsistent microstructure centers caused by local welding. The performance of the multi-material is not uniform under high temperature and high pressure, and the channel is dislocated due to the inconsistency of thermal expansion, so that the flow resistance is increased, even the modules are dislocated, and fluid leakage accidents and the like are caused.

The shape of the channel on the medium channel arrangement diagram in fig. 2 can be circular, elliptical or oblong as shown in the figure according to the design requirements, and even the channel with various special-shaped cross sections can be designed based on the advantages of additive manufacturing molding, so that the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.

The structural design of the drainage boss of the side flow baffling area (X area) ensures that the baffling drainage area exceeds the heat exchange unit 3 by a certain distance. The increased baffling drainage channel area can resist the erosion of medium fluid while keeping the same with the direct-current structure, thereby ensuring the effective heat exchange of the direct-current channel and playing a certain role in stabilizing the flow.

The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented using the prior art.