1. A sludge direct-fired incinerator is characterized in that: the incinerator comprises an incinerator main body (2), a high-temperature cyclone dust collector (3) and a high-temperature air preheater (4) which are sequentially connected, wherein a reverse conical structure is arranged at the lower section of the incinerator main body (2), a heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6) is arranged below the reverse conical structure, an air outlet pipeline of the high-temperature air preheater (4) is connected to the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6), high-temperature air discharged by the high-temperature air preheater (4) can be conveyed into the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6) along a pipeline, and a burner assembly for controlling the temperature in a hearth is further arranged inside the incinerator main body (2).

2. The sludge direct-fired incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the incinerator main body (2) is provided with a sludge inlet, the sludge inlet is positioned above the inverted cone-shaped structure, the sludge inlet of the incinerator main body (2) is connected with an external sludge feeding device (1), and the sludge feeding device (1) is a furnace front spiral feeding device.

3. The sludge direct-fired incinerator according to claim 2, wherein: a fluidization air cap (7) is arranged between the inner cavity of the incinerator body (2) and the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6), sludge entering the incinerator body (2) from the sludge inlet falls onto the fluidization air cap (7), a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the fluidization air cap (7), and high-temperature air conveyed into the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6) can enter the inner cavity of the incinerator body (2) along the through holes.

4. The sludge direct-fired incinerator according to claim 3, wherein: the burner component comprises a stable-burning burner (8) and a temperature-raising burner (9), the stable-burning burner (8) and the temperature-raising burner (9) are both fixedly connected to the side wall of the incinerator main body (2), and burning ports of the stable-burning burner and the temperature-raising burner face the inner cavity of the incinerator main body (2); the horizontal height of the temperature-raising combustor (9) is higher than that of the stable combustion combustor (8) and the two are both positioned above the fluidization hood (7).

5. The sludge direct-fired incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: a flue gas pipeline and an air pipeline are arranged in the high-temperature air preheater (4), and flue gas entering the flue gas pipeline completes heating of air in the air pipeline through the heat exchange effect to form high-temperature air and output the high-temperature air.

6. The sludge direct-fired incinerator according to claim 5, wherein: the flue gas outlet of the incinerator main body (2) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector (3), the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector (3) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature air preheater (4), the air outlet of the high-temperature air preheater (4) is connected with a high-temperature air channel (5), one end of the high-temperature air channel (5) is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature air preheater (4), and the other end of the high-temperature air channel (5) is communicated with the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6).

7. A sludge direct-fired incinerator is characterized in that: the incinerator comprises an incinerator main body (2), a high-temperature cyclone dust collector (3) and a high-temperature air preheater (4) which are sequentially connected, wherein a reverse conical structure is arranged at the lower section of the incinerator main body (2), an adiabatic high-temperature air chamber (6) is arranged below the reverse conical structure, an air outlet pipeline of the high-temperature air preheater (4) is connected to the adiabatic high-temperature air chamber (6), high-temperature air discharged by the high-temperature air preheater (4) can be conveyed into the adiabatic high-temperature air chamber (6) along a pipeline, and a burner assembly for controlling the temperature in a hearth is further arranged inside the incinerator main body (2); a sludge inlet is formed in the side wall of the incinerator main body (2), the sludge inlet is positioned above the inverted cone-shaped structure, the sludge inlet of the incinerator main body (2) is connected with an external sludge feeding device (1), and the sludge feeding device (1) is a spiral feeding device in front of the incinerator; a fluidization air cap (7) is arranged between the inner cavity of the incinerator body (2) and the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6), sludge entering the incinerator body (2) from the sludge inlet falls onto the fluidization air cap (7), a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the fluidization air cap (7), and high-temperature air conveyed into the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6) can enter the inner cavity of the incinerator body (2) along the through holes; the burner component comprises a stable-burning burner (8) and a temperature-raising burner (9), the stable-burning burner (8) and the temperature-raising burner (9) are both fixedly connected to the side wall of the incinerator main body (2), and burning ports of the stable-burning burner and the temperature-raising burner face the inner cavity of the incinerator main body (2); the horizontal height of the temperature-raising combustor (9) is higher than that of the stable combustion combustor (8) and the two are both positioned above the fluidization hood (7); a flue gas pipeline and an air pipeline are arranged in the high-temperature air preheater (4), and flue gas entering the high-temperature air preheater (4) heats air through heat exchange to form high-temperature air and outputs the high-temperature air; the flue gas outlet of the incinerator main body (2) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector (3), the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector (3) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature air preheater (4), the air outlet of the high-temperature air preheater (4) is connected with a high-temperature air channel (5), one end of the high-temperature air channel (5) is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature air preheater (4), and the other end of the high-temperature air channel (5) is communicated with the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber (6).

Background

With the acceleration of the urbanization process in China, the treatment modes of sewage and sludge in cities are changing continuously. In the early development of sludge treatment technology in China, landfill treatment is mainly used as a main technical means, and in recent years, reduction, recycling and harmless treatment of sludge gradually become the current main technical targets due to the increase of environmental protection pressure.

As for the independent sludge incineration technology, compared with developed countries, China is still in the beginning stage in this respect, at the present stage, China still needs to introduce foreign technologies to realize independent sludge incineration, and practical application cases of the domestic technologies are rare. The introduction of foreign technologies not only has expensive equipment price, but also has high technical secrecy degree and difficult popularization. In addition, the common independent sludge incinerators in the market at present are provided with huge drying devices, sludge needs to be subjected to semidrying treatment before being incinerated, the water content of the sludge is reduced to about 35% -40%, and then the sludge enters subsequent links. The drying treatment mode and the equipment requirement lead the early investment to be huge, the later operation failure rate to be higher, the energy consumption to be large, the non-condensable gas and the odor in the conveying equipment to be extremely difficult to treat and the cost to be very high in the practical application.

In conclusion, how to creatively provide an independent sludge incineration device suitable for the national conditions of China under the existing technical conditions to overcome many defects in the prior art becomes a problem to be solved by technical staff in the industry at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a sludge direct-fired incinerator, which is described in detail below.

A sludge direct-fired incinerator comprises an incinerator main body, a high-temperature cyclone dust collector and a high-temperature air preheater which are connected in sequence, wherein a reverse conical structure is arranged at the lower section of the incinerator main body, an insulated high-temperature air chamber is arranged below the reverse conical structure, an air outlet pipeline of the high-temperature air preheater is connected to the insulated high-temperature air chamber, high-temperature air discharged by the high-temperature air preheater can be conveyed into the insulated high-temperature air chamber along a pipeline, and a burner assembly used for controlling the temperature in a hearth is further arranged inside the incinerator main body.

Preferably, a sludge inlet is formed in the side wall of the incinerator body, the sludge inlet is located above the inverted cone-shaped structure, the sludge inlet of the incinerator body is connected with an external sludge feeding device, and the sludge feeding device is a spiral feeding device in front of the incinerator.

Preferably, a fluidization hood is arranged between the inner cavity of the incinerator body and the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber, sludge entering the incinerator body from the sludge inlet falls onto the fluidization hood, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the fluidization hood, and high-temperature air conveyed into the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber can enter the inner cavity of the incinerator body along the through holes.

Preferably, the burner assembly comprises a combustion stabilizing burner and a temperature raising burner, the combustion stabilizing burner and the temperature raising burner are both fixedly connected to the side wall of the incinerator body, and combustion ports of the combustion stabilizing burner and the temperature raising burner face the inner cavity of the incinerator body; the horizontal height of the temperature-raising burner is higher than that of the stable-burning burner, and the temperature-raising burner and the stable-burning burner are both positioned above the fluidization hood.

Preferably, a flue gas pipeline and an air pipeline are arranged in the high-temperature air preheater, and flue gas entering the flue gas pipeline completes heating of air in the air pipeline through the heat exchange effect to form high-temperature air and output the high-temperature air.

Preferably, the flue gas outlet of the incinerator body is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector, the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature air preheater, the air outlet of the high-temperature air preheater is connected with a high-temperature air duct, one end of the high-temperature air duct is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature air preheater, and the other end of the high-temperature air duct is communicated with the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber.

Preferably, the sludge direct-fired incinerator comprises an incinerator main body, a high-temperature cyclone dust collector and a high-temperature air preheater which are connected in sequence, wherein a reverse conical structure is arranged at the lower section of the incinerator main body, an insulated high-temperature air chamber is arranged below the reverse conical structure, an air outlet pipeline of the high-temperature air preheater is connected to the insulated high-temperature air chamber, high-temperature air discharged by the high-temperature air preheater can be conveyed into the insulated high-temperature air chamber along a pipeline, and a burner assembly for controlling the temperature in a hearth is further arranged inside the incinerator main body; the side wall of the incinerator main body is provided with a sludge inlet, the sludge inlet is positioned above the inverted cone-shaped structure, the sludge inlet of the incinerator main body is connected with an external sludge feeding device, and the sludge feeding device is a furnace front spiral feeding device; a fluidization air cap is arranged between the inner cavity of the incinerator body and the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber, sludge entering the incinerator body from the sludge inlet falls onto the fluidization air cap, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the fluidization air cap, and high-temperature air conveyed into the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber can enter the inner cavity of the incinerator body along the through holes; the burner assembly comprises a stable-burning burner and a temperature-raising burner, the stable-burning burner and the temperature-raising burner are both fixedly connected to the side wall of the incinerator body, and burning ports of the stable-burning burner and the temperature-raising burner face the inner cavity of the incinerator body; the horizontal height of the temperature raising burner is higher than that of the stable combustion burner, and the temperature raising burner and the stable combustion burner are both positioned above the fluidization blast cap; a flue gas pipeline and an air pipeline are arranged in the high-temperature air preheater, and flue gas entering the high-temperature air preheater is used for heating air through heat exchange action to form high-temperature air and output the high-temperature air; the flue gas outlet of the incinerator main body is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector, the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature air preheater, the air outlet of the high-temperature air preheater is connected with a high-temperature air duct, one end of the high-temperature air duct is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature air preheater, and the other end of the high-temperature air duct is communicated with the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the sludge direct-fired incinerator provided by the invention avoids the construction investment of drying equipment in the prior art, reduces the number of possible fault points in the equipment, obviously reduces the use and maintenance cost of the equipment on the premise of ensuring the use effect of the equipment, and solves the problems of difficult treatment and high treatment cost of non-condensable gas and odor.

Meanwhile, in the technical scheme of the invention, the heat generated by the sludge is directly applied to the drying and burning processes of the sludge in the same equipment, the energy is fully utilized, the energy consumption of the equipment is reduced, and the operation efficiency is obviously improved.

In addition, the technical scheme of the invention is simple and clear in process route, and enterprises can obtain the technical scheme of the invention through combination and modification of the existing equipment, so that the application effect is excellent, the method is very suitable for large-scale popularization of production enterprises, and the application prospect is wide.

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings for the purpose of facilitating understanding and understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a sludge feeding device; 2. an incinerator body; 3. a high temperature cyclone; 4. a high temperature air preheater; 5. a high temperature air duct; 6. a heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber; 7. a fluidization hood; 8. a stable combustion burner; 9. a temperature-raising combustor.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the invention discloses a sludge direct-fired incinerator, which has the following specific scheme.

A sludge direct-fired incinerator comprises an incinerator body 2, a high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3 and a high-temperature air preheater 4 which are connected in sequence, wherein a reverse conical structure is arranged at the lower section of the incinerator body 2, an insulated high-temperature air chamber 6 is arranged below the reverse conical structure, an air outlet pipeline of the high-temperature air preheater 4 is connected to the insulated high-temperature air chamber 6, high-temperature air discharged by the high-temperature air preheater 4 can be conveyed into the insulated high-temperature air chamber 6 along a pipeline, and a burner assembly used for controlling the temperature in a hearth is further arranged inside the incinerator body 2.

The side wall of the incinerator main body 2 is provided with a sludge inlet, the sludge inlet is positioned above the inverted cone-shaped structure, the sludge inlet of the incinerator main body 2 is connected with an external sludge feeding device 1, and in the embodiment, the sludge feeding device 1 is a furnace front spiral feeding device.

A fluidization hood 7 is arranged between the inner cavity of the incinerator main body 2 and the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber 6, sludge entering the incinerator main body 2 from the sludge inlet falls onto the fluidization hood 7, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the fluidization hood 7, and high-temperature air conveyed into the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber 6 can enter the inner cavity of the incinerator main body 2 along the through holes.

The combustor component comprises a stable combustion combustor 8 and a temperature-raising combustor 9, the stable combustion combustor 8 and the temperature-raising combustor 9 are in driving connection with a DCS system used in the production process, the stable combustion combustor 8 and the temperature-raising combustor 9 are both fixedly connected to the side wall of the incinerator main body 2, and combustion ports of the stable combustion combustor and the temperature-raising combustor are both towards the inner cavity of the incinerator main body 2. The level of the temperature-raising burner 9 is higher than that of the combustion stabilizing burner 8, and the two are both positioned above the fluidization hood 7.

The high-temperature air preheater 4 is actually a heat exchange device, a flue gas pipeline and an air pipeline which are mutually independent are arranged in the high-temperature air preheater 4, and flue gas entering the high-temperature air preheater 4 in the flue gas pipeline is used for heating air in the air pipeline through the heat exchange effect, forming high-temperature air and outputting the high-temperature air.

The flue gas outlet of the incinerator body 2 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3, the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the high-temperature air preheater 4, the air outlet of the high-temperature air preheater 4 is connected with a high-temperature air duct 5, one end of the high-temperature air duct 5 is communicated with the air outlet of the high-temperature air preheater 4, and the other end of the high-temperature air duct 5 is communicated with the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber 6.

In the application process of the invention, after the sludge is subjected to pressure filtration to the water content of below 60% (requiring that the basic low heat value is more than or equal to 550 Kcal/Kg), the sludge does not need to be dried, the adiabatic combustion temperature of the hearth of the incinerator main body 2 can reach 864 ℃, and the requirement of more than 850 ℃ can be met. The sludge directly enters the incinerator body 2 through the sludge feeding device 1 to be combusted, high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion enters the high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3, the high-temperature flue gas subjected to primary dust removal enters the high-temperature air preheater 4 behind the high-temperature cyclone dust collector, the temperature of hot air is heated to 650 ℃, the high-temperature hot air enters the heat-insulating high-temperature air chamber 6 through the high-temperature air duct 5, then flows through the fluidization hood 7, and supports a bed charge, so that the fluidized combustion effect is achieved. When the bed temperature is lower than 650 ℃, the DCS system automatically starts the combustion stabilizing burner 8 to ensure that the bed temperature is higher than 650 ℃, and when the low calorific value of the sludge is lower than 550Kcal/Kg, the temperature of the middle part of the incinerator main body 2 is lower than 860 ℃, and the DCS system automatically starts the temperature raising burner 9 to ensure that the retention time of the flue gas above 850 ℃ is more than 2S.

In conclusion, the sludge direct-fired incinerator provided by the invention avoids the construction investment of drying equipment in the prior art, reduces the number of possible fault points in the equipment, obviously reduces the use and maintenance cost of the equipment on the premise of ensuring the use effect of the equipment, and solves the problems of difficulty in treatment of non-condensable gas and odor and high treatment cost.

Meanwhile, in the technical scheme of the invention, the heat generated by the sludge is directly applied to the drying and burning processes of the sludge in the same equipment, and the energy is fully utilized. The concentration of the flue gas dust after high-temperature cyclone dust removal is greatly reduced, the abrasion to a subsequent heat exchanger is relieved, the burden of dust removal equipment is reduced, the resistance of a flue is reduced, and the power consumption of an induced draft fan is reduced.

In addition, the technical scheme of the invention is simple and clear in process route, and enterprises can obtain the technical scheme of the invention through combination and modification of the existing equipment, so that the application effect is excellent, the method is very suitable for large-scale popularization of production enterprises, and the application prospect is wide.

The invention also provides reference for other related problems in the same field, can be expanded and extended based on the reference, is applied to related schemes of other sludge incineration equipment and methods in the field, and has very wide application prospect.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Finally, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only a single technical solution, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the technical solutions in the embodiments can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.