1. The utility model provides a housing construction's foundation ditch supporting construction which characterized in that: the foundation pit supporting structure comprises a foundation pit main body (1), a foundation pit layer (2) arranged on the bottom surface of the foundation pit main body (1), a plurality of pre-buried connecting pieces (21) circumferentially arranged on the foundation pit layer (2), a plurality of groups of slope protection piles (3) circumferentially arranged on the side surface of the foundation pit main body (1), an inter-pile retaining wall (4) arranged on the side surface of the foundation pit main body (1) and positioned between two groups of adjacent slope protection piles (3), a pre-stressed anchor rod (41) which is inserted into the foundation pit main body (1) and perpendicular to the inter-pile retaining wall (4), an inclined strut (5) with one end connected with the pre-buried connecting pieces (21), an inclined strut connecting piece (31) sleeved on the slope protection pile (3), a crown beam (6) arranged at the top end of the slope protection pile (3) and a slope protection anchoring wall (7) arranged on the side surface of the foundation pit main body (1) and positioned above the crown beam (6);

the two ends of the inclined strut (5) are detachably connected with the embedded connecting piece (21) and the inclined strut connecting piece (31) respectively.

2. The foundation pit supporting structure for house building according to claim 1, wherein: still include both ends and adjacent regulating plate (22) that pre-buried connecting piece (21) are connected, offer mounting hole (221) that are used for installing bracing (5) on regulating plate (22).

3. The foundation pit supporting structure for house building according to claim 1, wherein: the inclined strut connecting piece (31) comprises two half-ring opposite pulling plates (311) which are connected through bolts to form an annular plate and a clamping plate (312) arranged on the side surface of one half-ring opposite pulling plate (311);

the clamping plate (312) is hinged with the end part of the inclined strut (5).

4. The foundation pit supporting structure for house building according to claim 1, wherein: the prestressed anchor rods (41) are arranged in multiple layers at intervals along the direction from top to bottom.

5. The foundation pit supporting structure for house building according to claim 1, wherein: and a steel bar mesh (42) welded with the prestressed anchor rods (41) is embedded in the inter-pile retaining wall (4), and a plurality of ground nails (43) are vertically welded on the steel bar mesh (42).

6. The foundation pit supporting structure for house building according to claim 1, wherein: the foundation pit is characterized by further comprising a horizontal cross beam (8) arranged on the inner side face of the foundation pit main body (1) in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal cross beam (8), the prestressed anchor rods (41) and the slope protection piles (3) are perpendicular to each other.

7. The foundation pit supporting structure for house building according to claim 6, wherein: the foundation pit supporting structure is characterized by further comprising horizontal angle supporting beams (9) arranged at four corners in the foundation pit main body (1).

8. The foundation pit supporting structure for house building according to claim 7, wherein: the horizontal angle bracing beam (9) is arranged in the foundation pit main body (1) in an upper layer and a lower layer, the horizontal angle bracing beam (9) positioned on the upper layer is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the crown beam (6), and the horizontal angle bracing beam (9) positioned on the lower layer is abutted to the upper surface of the bottom cushion layer (2).

9. A construction method of a foundation pit supporting structure of a house building is characterized by comprising the following steps:

excavating earth, namely, after construction preparation is finished, placing a foundation excavation groove line, excavating two meters downwards to a slope protection working plane from the elevation of an outdoor terrace of-0.5 meter, arranging a mud pit at the middle part of a foundation pit, transporting residue soil to a soil yard at one side of the foundation pit for backfilling a fertilizer groove, and transporting the rest soil to a residue soil absorption yard with government environmental protection requirements;

constructing the slope protection pile (3), drilling after positioning and lofting, installing a steel pile casing in a pile hole, then hoisting a steel reinforcement cage, pouring concrete, and then pulling out the steel pile casing to finally form the slope protection pile (3), wherein a jumping interval construction mode is adopted during construction of the slope protection pile (3);

constructing the crown beam (6), when all the slope protection piles (3) reach the designed strength of concrete, cleaning earthwork at the top of the slope protection piles (3) to the elevation of the bottom of the crown beam (6), then cutting off the concrete at the pile head part of the slope protection piles (3), and then binding steel bars and pouring the crown beam (6);

constructing a slope protection anchoring wall (7), backfilling earthwork when the strength of the crown beam (6) is detected to meet the design requirement, and then sequentially performing operations of drilling, inserting steel bars, binding steel bar meshes, grouting and spraying concrete surface layers on the slope surface of the slope protection anchoring wall (7);

carrying out anchoring of the prestressed anchor rods (4) and construction of the protecting walls (4) among the piles, firstly carrying out drilling operation, inserting the prestressed anchor rods (4) and pouring cement slurry, finishing the soil layer among the slope protection piles (3), welding reinforcing mesh sheets (42) on the surface of the finished soil layer, then spraying concrete, and carrying out tensioning locking on the prestressed anchor rods (41) on the outer side surfaces of the slope protection piles (3) after the concrete is cured to be qualified;

carrying out earth excavation in the second step and the third step, and then repeating the construction of the prestressed anchor rods (41) and the inter-pile retaining walls (4);

performing the fourth and fifth earthwork excavation steps, then performing the second layer of pre-stressed anchor rod construction, and then performing the sixth and seventh earthwork excavation steps to finally form a foundation pit main body (1);

and paving a bottom cushion layer (2) and embedding a pre-buried connecting piece (21) on the bottom surface of the foundation pit main body (1), repeating the construction of the pre-stressed anchor rod (41) and the inter-pile retaining wall (4), and then installing an inclined strut (5), a horizontal cross beam (8) and a horizontal angle strut beam (9).

10. The method of constructing a supporting structure for a foundation pit of a building construction according to claim 9, wherein: the earth excavation work after the earth excavation in the first step can be performed simultaneously with the construction of the pre-stressed anchor rods (41) and the inter-pile retaining walls (4) on the same layer.

Background

At present, a foundation pit supporting structure is a retaining, reinforcing and protecting measure adopted for a side wall of a foundation pit and the surrounding environment in order to ensure the safety of the construction of an underground structure and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit, and plays an important role in building construction engineering. In the related art, a commonly used foundation pit supporting structure of a house building is a pile-wall type supporting structure. However, due to the problems of the construction method, the supporting structure and the like, the supporting structure is easy to damage caused by instability of the supporting structure, and safety accidents are caused.

Therefore, there is a need for a supporting structure for a foundation pit of a building construction and a construction method thereof to improve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to enable a foundation pit supporting structure for a house building to be more stable and not easy to damage, the application provides the foundation pit supporting structure for the house building and a construction method.

In a first aspect, the application provides a housing construction's foundation ditch supporting construction adopts following technical scheme:

a foundation pit supporting structure of a house building comprises a foundation pit main body, a bottom cushion layer arranged on the bottom surface of the foundation pit main body, a plurality of pre-buried connecting pieces circumferentially arranged on the bottom cushion layer, a plurality of groups of slope protection piles circumferentially arranged on the side surface of the foundation pit main body, an inter-pile retaining wall arranged on the side surface of the foundation pit main body and positioned between two groups of adjacent slope protection piles, a prestressed anchor rod which is inserted in the foundation pit main body and perpendicular to the inter-pile retaining wall, an inclined strut with one end connected with the pre-buried connecting pieces, an inclined strut connecting piece sleeved on the slope protection pile, a crown beam arranged at the top end of the slope protection pile and a slope protection anchoring wall arranged on the side surface of the foundation pit main body and positioned above the crown beam;

the both ends of bracing can dismantle with pre-buried connecting piece and bracing connecting piece respectively and be connected.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the bed course in the foundation ditch main part is consolidated the foundation ditch bottom surface, and the setting up of dado and prestressed anchorage pole between the stake makes the relation of connection between foundation ditch main part lateral wall and the slope protection stake better, forms a side support wholly, makes foundation ditch supporting construction more stable, the damage of being difficult for collapsing. The bracing can support the slope protection stake of foundation ditch main part side and consolidate.

Optionally, the device further comprises an adjusting plate, wherein two ends of the adjusting plate are adjacent to the embedded connecting piece, and the adjusting plate is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the inclined strut.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting up of regulating plate can supply the bracing to adjust the support angle, makes the slope protection stake obtain different holding power, makes this application satisfy more construction requirements.

Optionally, the inclined strut connecting piece comprises two half ring counter-pull plates which are connected through bolts to form a ring plate, and a clamping plate arranged on the side face of one half ring counter-pull plate;

the clamping plate is hinged with the end part of the inclined strut.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the bracing connecting piece can be dismantled, makes the bracing connecting piece mountable on protecting the pile suitable height, and the bracing is articulated with splint, and is more convenient when making the bracing adjustment gradient.

Optionally, the prestressed anchor rod is provided with a plurality of layers at intervals along a direction from top to bottom.

By adopting the technical scheme, the prestressed anchor rods are arranged into a plurality of layers, so that the anchoring effect of the prestressed anchor rods is better.

Optionally, a steel mesh welded to the prestressed anchor is embedded in the inter-pile retaining wall, and a plurality of ground nails are vertically welded to the steel mesh.

By adopting the technical scheme, the reinforcing mesh and the concrete in the inter-pile retaining wall are consolidated into a whole, so that the structural strength of the inter-pile retaining wall is higher.

Optionally, the foundation pit further comprises a horizontal cross beam arranged on the inner side face of the foundation pit main body in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal cross beam is perpendicular to the prestressed anchor rods and the slope protection piles.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, horizontal beam enables the side of foundation ditch main part to receive more holding power, makes the structural strength of foundation ditch main part higher.

Optionally, the foundation pit further comprises horizontal angle bracing beams arranged at four corners in the foundation pit main body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, horizontal angle supporting beam can play the support connection effect to two adjacent sides of foundation ditch main part, makes the structural stability of foundation ditch main part better.

Optionally, the horizontal angle brace beam is arranged in the foundation pit main body in an upper layer and a lower layer, the horizontal angle brace beam positioned on the upper layer is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the crown beam, and the horizontal angle brace beam positioned on the lower layer is abutted to the upper surface of the bottom cushion layer.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, setting up of double-deck horizontal angle supporting beam makes whole excavation supporting construction form frame structure, and the corner department of framework all has connection structure, makes the structural strength of this application higher, should not damage.

In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for constructing a foundation pit supporting structure of a building construction, including the steps of:

excavating earth, namely, after construction preparation is finished, placing a foundation excavation groove line, excavating two meters downwards to a slope protection working plane from the elevation of an outdoor terrace to a meter, arranging a mud pit at the middle part of a foundation pit, transporting residue soil to a soil yard at one side of the foundation pit for backfilling a fertilizer groove, and transporting the rest soil to a residue soil digestion yard with government environmental protection requirements;

constructing a slope protection pile, drilling after positioning and lofting, installing a steel pile casing in a pile hole, then hoisting a reinforcement cage, pouring concrete, and then pulling out the steel pile casing to finally form the slope protection pile, wherein a jumping interval construction mode is adopted during the construction of the slope protection pile;

constructing a crown beam, cleaning earthwork at the top of the slope protection pile to the elevation of the bottom of the crown beam after all the slope protection piles reach the designed strength of concrete, then cutting off the concrete at the pile head part of the slope protection pile, and then binding reinforcing steel bars and pouring the crown beam;

constructing a slope protection anchoring wall, backfilling earthwork when the strength of the crown beam is detected to meet the design requirement, and then sequentially performing operations of drilling, inserting bars, binding reinforcing mesh, grouting and spraying a concrete surface layer on the slope surface of the slope protection anchoring wall;

carrying out anchoring of a prestressed anchor rod and construction of a retaining wall between piles, firstly carrying out operations of drilling, inserting the prestressed anchor rod and pouring cement paste, trimming a soil layer between the slope protection piles, welding reinforcing mesh sheets on the surface of the trimmed soil layer, then spraying concrete, and carrying out tensioning locking on the prestressed anchor rod on the outer side surface of the slope protection pile after the concrete is qualified through maintenance;

carrying out the earth excavation of the second step and the third step, and then repeating the construction of the prestressed anchor rods and the inter-pile retaining wall;

performing the fourth and fifth earthwork excavation steps, then performing the second layer of pre-stressed anchor rod construction, and then performing the sixth and seventh earthwork excavation steps to finally form a foundation pit main body;

and laying a bottom cushion layer and embedding embedded connecting pieces on the bottom surface of the foundation pit main body, repeating the construction of the prestressed anchor rods and the inter-pile retaining wall, and then installing inclined struts, horizontal cross beams and horizontal angle strut beams.

By adopting the technical scheme, the foundation pit supporting structure manufactured by the construction method is higher in structural strength, better in stability, not easy to damage, and better in safety, and the probability of accidents in the construction process is reduced.

Optionally, the earthwork excavation work except the first earthwork excavation step may be performed simultaneously with the construction of the prestressed anchor rods and the inter-pile retaining walls on the same layer.

By adopting the technical scheme, the construction of the prestressed anchor rods and the inter-pile retaining walls and the earth excavation work are carried out simultaneously, the construction efficiency can be improved, the construction time is saved, and the probability of safety accidents in the construction process is reduced.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the bed course in the foundation ditch main part in this application consolidates the foundation ditch bottom surface, and the connection relation between retaining wall and the prestressed anchorage pole between the stake makes foundation ditch main part lateral wall and the slope protection stake is better, forms a side support wholly, makes foundation ditch supporting construction more stable, the difficult damage that collapses. The inclined strut can support and reinforce the slope protection pile on the side face of the foundation pit main body;

2. the horizontal cross beam in the application can enable the side face of the foundation pit main body to bear more supporting force, so that the structural strength of the foundation pit main body is higher;

3. horizontal angle brace roof beam in this application can play the support connection effect to two adjacent sides of foundation ditch main part, makes the structural stability of foundation ditch main part better.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a foundation pit supporting structure of a building construction disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken for illustrating the structure of the inter-pile retaining wall in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a construction process of a method for constructing a foundation pit supporting structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a foundation pit main body; 2. a bottom cushion layer; 21. pre-burying a connecting piece; 22. an adjusting plate; 221. mounting holes; 3. slope protection piles; 31. A diagonal brace connector; 311. a semi-ring opposite pulling plate; 312. a splint; 4. inter-pile retaining walls; 41. a pre-stressed anchor rod; 42. reinforcing mesh sheets; 43. a ground nail; 5. bracing; 6. a crown beam; 7. slope protection anchoring walls; 8. a horizontal cross beam; 9. a horizontal gusset beam.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-5.

The embodiment of the application discloses housing construction's foundation ditch supporting construction. Referring to fig. 1, the foundation pit supporting structure includes a foundation pit main body 1, a bottom cushion layer 2, a slope protection pile 3, an inter-pile retaining wall 4, an inclined strut 5, a crown beam 6, and a slope protection anchoring wall 7. Wherein, the bed course 2 is laid on the bottom surface of foundation ditch main part 1, has buried a plurality of pre-buried connecting pieces 21 on the bed course 2 underground. Slope protection stake 3 is the multiunit and sets up on each side of foundation ditch main part 1 along circumference, and the cover is equipped with bracing connecting piece 31 on slope protection stake 3. The position that is located between adjacent slope protection stake 3 on the side of foundation ditch main part 1 is set up to dado 4 between the stake, be provided with perpendicularly on dado 4 between the stake and insert the prestressed anchorage pole 41 of establishing in foundation ditch main part 1, the one end and the pre-buried connecting piece 21 of bracing 5 are connected, the other end and the bracing connecting piece 31 of bracing 5 can be dismantled and be connected, crown's roof beam 6 sets up on the top of slope protection stake 3 and with slope protection stake 3 fixed connection, slope protection anchor wall 7 sets up and is located crown's roof beam 6 top on foundation ditch main part 1 side.

Referring to fig. 1, specifically, a foundation pit main body 1 is formed by digging a groove on the ground of a construction site, and the depth of the foundation pit main body 1 and the distance from a peripheral building of the foundation pit main body 1 can be set according to design requirements.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the bottom mat layer 2 may be formed by pouring concrete, the thickness of the bottom mat layer 2 may be 8 cm, the embedded connectors 21 may be embedded steel plates, the plurality of embedded connectors 21 are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the foundation pit main body 1, the embedded connectors 21 are provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and when the inclined strut 5 is installed, one end of the inclined strut 5 may be installed on the embedded connectors 21 in a bolt connection manner.

In order to conveniently adjust the inclination angle of the installation of the inclined strut 5, an adjusting plate 22 is installed between two adjacent embedded connecting pieces 21 through bolts, and a mounting hole 221 for installing the inclined strut 5 is formed in the adjusting plate 22 so as to allow the bolts to penetrate through.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the inclined strut connecting member 31 includes half-ring counter-pull plates 311 and clamping plates 312, the half-ring counter-pull plates 311 may be formed by bending a steel plate, two half-ring counter-pull plates 311 are connected by bolts and form a circular ring in the middle, and surround the slope protection piles 3, the clamping plates 312 are welded on the outer side surfaces of one of the half-ring counter-pull plates 311, bolt holes are formed in the clamping plates 312, gaps between the clamping plates 312 are used for placing the end portions of the inclined struts 5, and the clamping plates 312 and the end portions of the inclined struts 5 may be hinged by a pin connection method.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the inter-pile retaining wall 4 may be formed by spraying C20 precast dry mixed concrete at a position between two adjacent slope protection piles 3 on the side surface of the foundation pit main body 1, the thickness of the inter-pile retaining wall 4 is generally 80 mm, and the inter-pile retaining wall 4 connects the main structure on the side surface of the entire foundation pit main body 1 into a whole to improve the structural stability and structural strength of the entire foundation pit supporting structure. The prestressed anchor rod 41 is vertically penetrated through the inter-pile retaining wall 4, the prestressed anchor rod 41 can adopt deformed steel bars as main stress components, and one end of the prestressed anchor rod 41 is inserted into the soil layer of the foundation pit main body 1 along the downward inclined direction during construction.

In order to make the anchoring effect of the prestressed anchor 41 on the foundation pit main body 1 better, in the embodiment of the present application, the prestressed anchor 41 is provided with a plurality of layers at intervals along the direction from top to bottom, and the anchoring points of the plurality of prestressed anchors 41 on the side surface of the foundation pit main body 1 form a net structure.

Further, in order to improve the structural strength of the inter-pile retaining wall 4 to be higher, a reinforcing mesh 42 is further embedded in the inter-pile retaining wall 4, the reinforcing mesh 42 can be fixed on a soil layer on the side surface of the foundation pit main body 1 by adopting a U-shaped clamp with the diameter of 6.5 mm and a transverse compression reinforcing steel bar with the diameter of 16 mm, then concrete is sprayed on the reinforcing mesh 42 to form the inter-pile retaining wall 4, of course, in order to enable the installation of the reinforcing mesh 42 to be smoother, a plurality of ground nails 43 are further vertically welded on the reinforcing mesh 42, and one ends of the ground nails 43 penetrate through the reinforcing mesh 42 and are inserted into the soil layer of the foundation pit main body 1 to tightly press the reinforcing mesh 42 on the surface of the soil layer on the side surface of the foundation pit main body 1.

Referring to fig. 1, the inclined strut 5 is made of a steel beam, and one end of the inclined strut 5 is provided with a through hole for connecting an inclined strut connecting piece 31. The other end of the inclined strut 5 is hinged with a rectangular steel plate, and a through hole is also formed in the rectangular steel plate and used for fixedly connecting the rectangular steel plate with the embedded connecting piece 21 through bolts.

Crown beam 6 is poured on the top of slope protection pile 3 and is fixedly connected with the top of slope protection pile 3, and the width of crown beam 6 is twice to four times the diameter of slope protection pile 3. The upper surface of the crown beam 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the slope protection anchoring wall 7 into a whole.

In a possible embodiment of the present application, in order to improve the structure of the entire foundation pit supporting structure more stably, a horizontal cross beam 8 is further provided on the inner side surface of the foundation pit main body 1 along the horizontal direction, and specifically, the horizontal cross beam 8 may be fixedly mounted on the slope protection piles 3 by using expansion bolts to improve the connection strength between the slope protection piles 3.

Further, for making whole supporting construction of foundation ditch's structural strength higher, still including establishing the horizontal angle bracing beam in four corners departments in the foundation ditch main part, horizontal angle bracing beam 9 divide into upper and lower two-layer, and the both ends that lie in the horizontal angle bracing beam 9 on upper strata respectively with two mutually perpendicular's crown roof beam 6 fixed connection, lie in the horizontal angle bracing beam 9 both ends on lower floor respectively with horizontal beam 8 fixed connection, simultaneously, the lower surface of horizontal angle bracing beam 9 and the upper surface butt of bed course 2.

The embodiment of the application also discloses a construction method of the foundation pit supporting structure of the house building, which is used for manufacturing the foundation pit supporting structure and comprises the following steps:

s101, excavating earth;

the construction method comprises the steps of carrying out BIM simulation adjustment on a foundation pit supporting structure before construction, then placing an excavation groove line of foundation earthwork after construction preparation is completed, excavating downwards for two meters to a slope protection working plane from the elevation of an outdoor terrace of-0.5 meter, arranging a slurry pond in the middle of the foundation pit, transporting residual soil to a soil yard on one side of the foundation pit for backfilling a fertilizer groove, and transporting the residual earthwork to a residual soil digestion yard with government environmental protection requirements.

S102, constructing the slope protection pile 3;

and (3) after positioning and lofting, drilling, installing a steel pile casing in a pile hole, then hoisting a reinforcement cage, pouring concrete, and then pulling out the steel pile casing to finally form a slope protection pile 3, wherein a jumping interval construction mode is adopted during the construction of the slope protection pile 3.

S103, constructing the crown beam 6;

after all the slope protection piles 3 reach the designed strength of the concrete, in general, the earthwork at the top of the slope protection pile 3 can be cleaned to the elevation at the bottom of the crown beam 6 when the designed strength of the concrete reaches 75 percent, then the concrete at the pile head part of the slope protection pile 3 is cut off, and then the operation of binding steel bars and pouring the crown beam 6 is carried out.

S104, constructing a slope protection anchoring wall 7;

and when the strength of the crown beam 6 is detected to meet the design requirement, earth backfilling is carried out, and then the operations of drilling, inserting bars, binding reinforcing mesh, grouting and spraying concrete surface layers are sequentially carried out on the slope surface of the slope protection anchoring wall 7.

S105, carrying out anchoring of the prestressed anchor rod 41 and construction of the inter-pile retaining wall 4;

firstly, drilling, inserting prestressed anchor rods 41 and grouting cement, finishing the soil layer between the slope protection piles 3, welding reinforcing meshes 42 on the surface of the finished soil layer, spraying concrete, maintaining to be qualified, and then tensioning and locking the prestressed anchor rods 41 on the outer side surfaces of the slope protection piles 3.

And S106, performing the earth excavation in the second step and the third step, and then repeating the construction of the prestressed anchor rod 41 and the inter-pile retaining wall 4.

S107, carrying out the fourth step and the fifth step of earth excavation, then carrying out the second layer of pre-stressed anchor rod construction, and then carrying out the sixth step and the seventh step of earth excavation to finally form the foundation pit main body 1.

S108, laying a bottom cushion layer 2 and embedding embedded connectors 21 on the bottom surface of the foundation pit main body 1, repeating the construction of the prestressed anchor rods 41 and the inter-pile retaining walls 4, and then installing the inclined struts 5, the horizontal cross beams 8 and the horizontal angle strut beams 9.

Further, in order to improve the construction efficiency, in the construction steps of steps S106 to S107, the earth excavation work after the first earth excavation may be performed simultaneously with the construction of the pre-stressed anchor 41 and the inter-pile retaining wall 4 at the same layer.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.