1. The utility model provides a knitted fabric, knitted fabric includes top layer and nexine, characterized by: unidirectional grooves with the interval of 1.0-10.0 mm are alternately arranged on the surface of the inner layer, and the ratio of the contact area of the inner layer to the contact area of the surface layer is 0.50-0.85.

2. The knitted fabric of claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the single fiber fineness of the yarns forming the surface layer to the single fiber fineness of the yarns forming the inner layer is 0.20-0.75.

3. The knitted fabric of claim 1, wherein: in the knitted fabric, the ratio of the length of each 100 coils on the surface layer to the length of each 100 coils on the inner layer is 1.05-1.15.

4. A knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that: the surface-inside water retention ratio of the knitted fabric is more than 4.0, and the surface-inside diffusion area ratio is more than 3.0.

5. A knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that: the gram weight of the knitted fabric is 60-150 g/square meter.

Background

At present, most of fabrics on the market utilize the capillary differential effect to obtain the effect of guiding sweat and drying quickly. For example, patent document CN103628239A discloses a cool sweat-absorbent and quick-drying knitted fabric, which is a multi-lobal cross-section PET yarn having a surface layer made of fine denier or super fine denier PET yarn and an inner layer made of 5 to 10 lobes partially or entirely. Although the obtained fabric has excellent sweat-absorbing and quick-drying effects, the fabric has high price and small market supply amount and is difficult to popularize in a large scale, and the fabric has insufficient air permeability because double-sided tuck stitches are adopted.

For example, patent document CN102011260A discloses a double-sided knitted fabric, wherein the inner layer is made of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying polyester filaments with cross-shaped cross sections having a fineness of 55 to 100dtex/36 to 96f, and the outer layer is made of moisture-absorbing and quick-drying polyester filaments with C-O-shaped cross sections having a fineness of 75 to 150dtex/36 to 72f, and the texture structure is fisheye texture, so that the fabric has good moisture-absorbing and quick-drying effects.

For another example, patent document CN104746222A discloses a thermal insulation knitted fabric with unidirectional moisture-guiding and quick-drying functions, which has a double-layer structure, wherein a plurality of protrusions made of polypropylene material are distributed on the back surface, and a plurality of sweat-absorbing grooves are formed between the protrusions. Although the structure can also obtain certain unidirectional moisture-transfer quick-drying property and anti-adhesion property, the skin surface quick-drying property still needs to be further improved because the double-sided mesh tissue can not form continuously-through sweat-transfer grooves; in addition, the air permeability of the fabric having the bristle layer is also relatively poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a knitted fabric which is low in cost and has excellent moisture-conducting, quick-drying and air-permeability of the skin.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

the knitted fabric comprises a surface layer and an inner layer, unidirectional grooves with the interval of 1.0-10.0 mm are alternately arranged on the surface of the inner layer, and the ratio of the contact area of the inner layer to the contact area of the surface layer is 0.50-0.85.

According to the invention, the continuous through grooves are formed in the inner layer surface, sweat is quickly guided to the grooves after being absorbed by fibers contacting with skin, the contact area of the inner layer is smaller than that of the surface layer, a capillary differential effect can be generated, the sweat stored in the grooves is quickly transferred to the surface layer, and the wearing dryness of the skin surface is ensured; compared with the grooves distributed in a dotted manner, the continuous through grooves can better allow air to flow therein, thereby improving air permeability, and being particularly suitable for producing knitted sportswear and underwear.

Detailed Description

The wearing dryness of the clothes is mainly reflected in two aspects of muscle surface quick-drying and integral quick-drying. In the wearing process, moisture generated by movement is firstly absorbed by fibers on the inner layer surface of the fabric, then is rapidly diffused and evaporated on the inner layer, the moisture absorbed by the inner layer is rapidly conducted to the surface layer of the fabric through the intermediate connecting yarns or the surface layer yarns adjacent to the inner layer yarns, and the higher the conduction capability is, the better the quick drying property of the skin surface of the garment is. The moisture conducted to the surface layer of the fabric is diffused to the external space of the garment in a water vapor mode, and the better the diffusion capability is, the better the integral quick-drying property of the garment is.

For the fabric without the intermediate layer, moisture can only diffuse in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the fabric after being contacted and adsorbed with the fabric, and simultaneously evaporates on two sides of the fabric, although a certain water absorption quick-drying property can be achieved, the side of the fabric contacting with the skin surface in the quick-drying process still contains moisture, and the quick-drying property of the skin surface of the fabric cannot be ensured. Therefore, the structure should be selected from polyester-cotton single jersey, terry cloth, air layer, three-layer stereo cloth, Roman cloth, etc. which contain surface layer and inner layer. In view of light weight, a polyester-cotton jersey weave is preferable.

When the contact area of the inner layer is smaller than that of the surface layer, a capillary differential effect is generated, and the moisture is accelerated to transfer from the inner layer to the surface layer of the fabric. The contact area refers to the sum of contact parts of the fabric and the platform when the fabric is horizontally placed on the platform under the action of no external force. The knitted fabric with the inner layer contact area smaller than the surface layer contact area can be met, the inner layer can be in a mesh style or a groove style, but sweat guide grooves in the mesh style are in a point shape, so that the water retention performance of the inner layer can be improved, the quick drying effect of the skin surface is influenced, and the air permeability is influenced, so that the tissue design with the groove style is selected. The yarn between the grooves forms capillaries, the thicker the capillary differential effect the better. In order to ensure the best effect of the differential effect, the inner layer is designed to be alternately arranged at regular intervals by the unidirectional grooves, and the distance between every two adjacent grooves is 1.0-10.0 mm, preferably 2.0-5.0 mm.

The ratio of the contact area of the inner layer to the contact area of the surface layer affects the amount of moisture that can be transferred from the inner layer to the surface layer of the fabric. The smaller the ratio of the two is, the better the capillary differential effect between the surface layer and the inner layer is, and the faster the moisture transfer speed is. However, when the ratio of the two is less than 0.50, the amount of the fibers contained in the inner layer is reduced, which adversely affects the moisture adsorption; the ratio of the water retention capacity of the inner layer is improved and the quick-drying property of the skin surface is reduced after the ratio of the water retention capacity of the inner layer to the skin surface is greater than 0.85. Therefore, in order to ensure good adsorbability and fast transferability, the ratio of the contact area of the inner layer to the contact area of the surface layer is selected to be 0.50-0.85, and the preferable ratio is 0.60-0.75.

Similarly, the difference in the fineness of the monofilaments of the yarns forming the surface layer and the inner layer also affects the ability of the fabric to transfer water from the inner layer to the surface layer. The larger the difference between the surface layer and the inner layer is, the better the capillary differential effect between the surface layer and the inner layer is, the faster the migration speed of moisture is, and the better the quick drying property of the skin surface of the fabric is. However, when the fineness ratio of the monofilaments is too small, the density of the surface layer yarn is inevitably increased under the condition of meeting the productivity condition, and the capability of water evaporation from the surface layer is possibly influenced; when the fineness ratio of the monofilaments is too large, the capillary differential effect may be greatly reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, the ratio of the fineness of the filaments in the front and back layers is preferably 0.20 to 0.75, more preferably 0.20 to 0.40.

If the length of the knitting line of the surface layer yarn is lengthened, the elongation of the fiber is increased, the fiber radius is reduced, and the capillary differential effect is improved. In view of the knitting performance, in order to ensure that the back layer yarn does not transfer to the surface layer during the gray fabric knitting process of the knitted fabric, it is more necessary to adopt a knitting mode in which the knitting loop length of the surface layer yarn is longer than that of the back layer yarn. However, if the ratio of the knitting stitch length of the surface layer yarn to the knitting stitch length of the back layer yarn is greater than 1.15, there is a possibility that problems such as wrinkles and skewness may occur during knitting. Therefore, in the present invention, the ratio of the lengths of the front and rear coils is preferably 1.05 to 1.15. The loop length here refers to the total length of the yarn per 100 loops.

Generally, the larger the ratio of the water retentions of the surface layer and the inner layer, the better the water-absorbing ability of the surface layer and the dryness of the inner layer. The larger the ratio of the surface-to-interior diffusion area ratio is, the better the evapotranspiration capability of the surface layer moisture is, and the better the quick drying property of the fabric is. In the present invention, the surface-to-surface water retention ratio is preferably 4.0 or more and the surface-to-surface diffusion area ratio is preferably 3.0 or more.

In consideration of light weight and the like, the gram weight of the fabric is preferably 60-150 grams per square meter (g/m)²）。

The present invention will be further described with reference to examples and comparative examples. The physical properties of the present invention were measured by the following methods.

(1) Groove pitch

Taking 1 sample cloth of 10cm by 10cm, synthesizing images by using the depth synthesis 3D function of a Keynes digital microscope, and measuring the vertical distance between two rows of grooves by using color blocks, wherein the unit is cm². Three rows of grooves are randomly selected on the sample cloth for measurement, and the average value of 3 groups of data is the groove distance of the invention.

(2) Water retention ratio between exterior and interior

Taking 3 pieces of 10cm by 10cm sample cloth, 6 pieces of filter paper with the same size, taking 1 piece of organic glass with the same size, and weighing the organic glass (W) at 20 deg.C and 65% humidity₀) And weight of sample cloth (W)₁) (three decimal places are reserved);

placing 2cc distilled water on organic glass with injection device, rapidly placing the sample cloth on water, standing for 1min, and weighing the weight (W) of the sample cloth after water absorption₂) (three decimal places are reserved);

the weight of the plexiglass and the remaining distilled water after the test were weighed (W)₃) (three decimal places are reserved);

weigh the two pieces of filter paper before absorbing water (w1, w3) (three decimal places are reserved);

placing the sample cloth after absorbing water between the two pieces of filter paper, placing a 500g weight on the sample cloth, and directly measuring the weights (w2, w4) of the surface filter paper and the inner filter paper after placing for 1min (keeping three decimal places);

the exterior-interior water retention ratio (one digit after the decimal point is retained) is calculated by the following formula,

surface water absorption (%) = (W2-W1)/(W)₂- W₁）*100

Inner water absorption (%) = (W4-W3)/(W)₂- W₁）*100

The exterior-interior water retention ratio = surface water retention (%)/interior water retention (%).

(3) Surface-to-interior diffusion area ratio

3 pieces of 10cm by 10cm sample cloth are taken, and 1 piece of organic glass with the same size is taken. 0.1ml of the ink stock solution is dropped into a droplet with the diameter of about 1cm on the organic glass by using a syringe, and the surface of the sample cloth faces upwards and is quickly placed on the droplet. Marking the diffusion state of the surface layer and the inner layer of the fabric after 3 minutes, respectively measuring the diffusion area of the surface layer and the diffusion area of the inner layer (one digit after a decimal point is reserved),

surface-to-back diffusion area ratio = surface diffusion area/back diffusion area.

(4) Ratio of contact area of inner layer to contact area of surface layer

Taking 1 sample cloth of 10cm by 10cm, synthesizing images by utilizing the depth synthesis 3D function of a digital microscope of Keynes, and then calculating the convex area by utilizing the color blocks to be used as the contact area of the invention, wherein the unit cm is². And (3) measuring at any three positions on the inner layer of the sample cloth, and taking the average value of 3 groups of data to obtain the contact area of the inner layer. Then, the contact area of the surface layer is obtained by the same method, and finally, the ratio of the contact area of the surface layer to the contact area of the inner layer is calculated to be used as the ratio of the contact area of the inner layer to the contact area of the surface layer.

Example 1

On a 28G single-face circular knitting machine, 84dtex-72 f-cross section polyester filaments are selected as surface layer yarns, 56dtex-36 f-circular section polyester filaments are selected as inner layer yarns, polyester cover cotton undershirt cloth is knitted in a tissue mode, specifically, the circular section polyester filaments are covered with 5 paths of cross section polyester filaments and 2 paths of cross section polyester filaments are arranged in a circulating mode, the length of the surface layer yarn knitting yarns is 260mm/100 coils, and the length of the inner layer yarn knitting yarns is 245mm/100 coils, and knitted grey cloth is obtained.

The obtained grey cloth is processed by processes such as scouring → disperse dye dyeing (135 ℃) → primary reduction treatment → intermediate shaping (190 ℃) → secondary reduction treatment → dehydration → drying → heat shaping (120 ℃) → inspection, and the like, so as to obtain the knitted fabric of the invention, and various performance parameters are shown in table 1.

Example 2

The inner layer yarn was 56dtex-24 f-round section polyester filament yarn, and the same procedure as in example 1 was used to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention, wherein the performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

Example 3

On a 28G double-sided circular knitting machine, 84dtex-72 f-round section polyester filaments are selected as surface layer yarns, double-sided longitudinal strip groove structures are knitted, specifically, knitting is carried out according to the rules that 1 path of partial looping and 1 path of full floating thread are arranged on the surface layer, 1 path of partial tucking and 1 path of full looping are arranged on the inner layer, the knitting thread length of the surface layer yarns is 248mm/100 coils, the knitting thread length of the inner layer yarns is 230mm/100 coils, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 1, so that the knitted fabric disclosed by the invention is obtained, and all performance parameters are shown in the table 1.

Example 4

The surface layer yarn is made of 84dtex-144 f-round section polyester filament yarn, the inner layer yarn is made of 56dtex-24 f-round section polyester filament yarn, the cotton wool texture is changed for weaving, specifically, weaving is carried out according to the rules that 1 path of floating thread, 1 path of full looping and 1 path of partial looping are arranged on the surface layer, 1 path of floating thread and 1 path of partial looping are arranged on the inner layer, the weaving length of the surface layer yarn is 270mm/100 coils, the weaving length of the inner layer yarn is 260mm/100 coils, the rest is the same as the example 1, the knitted fabric is obtained, and all performance parameters are shown in the table 1.

Example 5

The same as in example 1 was repeated except for 13 paths of 84dtex-72 f-cross section polyester filament covers 56dtex-36 f-round section polyester filaments and 5 paths of 84dtex-72 f-cross section polyester filaments, to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention, and the performance parameters are shown in table 1.

Example 6

The inner layer yarn was made of 44dtex-24 f-circular cross-section polyamide filament, dyed with acid dye (98 ℃), and the knitted fabric of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in example 1, with the performance parameters shown in table 1.

Example 7

84dtex-48 f-cross section polyester filament is selected as surface layer yarn, the rest is the same as the example 1, the knitted fabric of the invention is obtained, and various performance parameters are shown in the table 1.

Example 8

The length of the surface layer yarn weaving thread is 255mm/100 coils, the length of the inner layer yarn weaving thread is 255mm/100 coils, the rest is the same as the embodiment 1, the knitted fabric of the invention is obtained, and all the performance parameters are shown in the table 1.

Example 9

The circular cross-section polyester filaments were covered with 9-way cross-section polyester filaments, and the 9-way cross-section polyester filaments were arranged in a cycle, and the same as in example 1 was used to obtain the knitted fabric of the present invention, and the performance parameters are shown in table 1.

Example 10

The surface layer yarn is made of 84dtex-288 f-round section polyester filament yarn, the inner layer yarn is made of 56dtex-24 f-round section polyester filament yarn, and the polyester-cotton single jersey is woven in a tissue mode, specifically, the polyester-cotton jersey is matched according to the circulation of 5 paths of 84dtex-288 f-round section polyester filament yarn, 56dtex-24 f-round section polyester filament yarn and 2 paths of 84dtex-288 f-round section polyester filament yarn, and the performance parameters are shown in table 1 in the same way as in example 1.

Example 11

The length of the surface layer yarn knitting thread is 270mm/100 stitches, the length of the inner layer yarn knitting thread is 220mm/100 stitches, and the rest is the same as that in the example 3, so that the knitted fabric is obtained, and the performance parameters are shown in the table 1.

Comparative example 1

All the knitting paths cross section polyester filaments cover the circular section polyester filaments, the rest is the same as the example 1, the knitting fabric is obtained, and all the performance parameters are shown in the table 1.

Comparative example 2

The arrangement of the 27-path polyester filaments with cross section covered with the circular polyester filaments with cross section and the 11-path polyester filaments with cross section was repeated, and the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to obtain a knitted fabric, each performance parameter of which is shown in table 1.

Comparative example 3

Knitting with double-sided mesh weave, the knitting yarn length of the surface layer yarn is 270mm/100 stitches, the knitting yarn length of the inner layer yarn is 240mm/100 stitches, and the rest is the same as that of example 3, so as to obtain the knitted fabric, and the performance parameters are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

According to the results of Table 1 below,

(1) as is clear from example 1 and example 8, under the same conditions, the knitted fabric having the front-back stitch length ratio of 1.07 has a slightly larger surface-back diffusion area ratio than the knitted fabric having the front-back stitch length ratio of 1.00, but has a significantly larger surface-back water retention ratio than the knitted fabric, i.e., the former has better skin dryness than the latter.

(2) As is clear from example 6 and example 7, in the knitted fabric having the filament fineness ratio of 0.64 in the front and back sides under the same conditions, the surface-to-back diffusion area ratio of the knitted fabric is slightly larger than that of the knitted fabric having the filament fineness ratio of 1.12 in the front and back sides, but the surface-to-back water retention ratio is significantly larger than that of the knitted fabric, that is, the skin dryness of the knitted fabric is better than that of the knitted fabric in the latter.

(3) As is clear from example 2 and example 10, in the knitted fabric having the single fiber fineness ratio of the front and back sides of 0.12, both the water retention ratio of the front and back sides and the surface-to-back diffusion area ratio were significantly larger than those of the knitted fabric having the single fiber fineness ratio of the front and back sides of 0.50 under the same conditions, that is, the skin dryness of the knitted fabric was better than that of the knitted fabric.

(4) As is clear from example 3 and example 11, under the same conditions, the knitted fabric having the front-back stitch length ratio of 1.07 has a significantly larger water retention ratio between the front and back and a significantly larger surface-to-back diffusion area ratio than the knitted fabric having the front-back stitch length ratio of 1.23, i.e., the former has better skin dryness than the latter.

(5) As is clear from comparative example 1 and example 1, the surface-to-surface water retention ratio and the surface-to-surface diffusion area ratio of the knitted fabric having no grooves alternately arranged in the inner layer were significantly smaller than those of the knitted fabric having grooves alternately arranged in the inner layer under the same conditions, that is, the skin dryness of the former was poor.

(6) It is understood from comparative example 2 and example 9 that, in the knitted fabric having the groove pitch of 11.0mm in the back layer, the water retention ratio between the surface and the back and the diffusion area ratio between the surface and the back are significantly smaller than those of the knitted fabric having the groove pitch of 9.4mm in the back layer under the same conditions, that is, the skin dryness of the former is poor.

(7) As is clear from comparative example 3 and example 1, in the same condition, the knitted fabric having the back layer without the grooves alternately arranged and the contact area ratio of the back surface layer of 0.87 was significantly smaller in both the water retention ratio of the front surface and the back surface and the diffusion area ratio of the front surface and the back surface than the knitted fabric having the grooves alternately arranged and the contact area ratio of the back surface layer of 0.71, that is, the skin dryness of the former was poor.