1. The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is characterized in that the raw materials for preparing the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier and the parts by weight of the raw materials comprise: 50-80 parts of sodium alginate, 10-40 parts of bentonite, 10-40 parts of nano-grade aluminum oxide, 20-80 parts of glucose, 10-40 parts of a thickening agent, 10-20 parts of a diluent, 50-100 parts of fiber, 20-80 parts of an acid solution and 20-80 parts of a cationic polymer; the fiber comprises any one or more of plant fiber, chemical fiber and wool fiber.

2. The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier according to claim 1, wherein the glucose is in a liquid form, and the mass percentage of the glucose is 20% to 50%.

3. The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of claim 1, wherein the thickening agent comprises any one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, and gum arabic.

4. The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of claim 1, wherein the diluent is triethyl citrate.

5. The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier according to claim 1, wherein the plant fiber is any one of lignin fiber, coconut fiber, and sugar cane fiber.

6. The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier according to claim 1, wherein the chemical fiber is any one of viscose fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, and glass fiber.

7. The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier according to claim 1, wherein the acid solution comprises one or both of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and the concentration of the acid solution is 5mol/L to 6 mol/L.

8. The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of claim 1, wherein the cationic polymer comprises one or both of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide.

9. The preparation method of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, putting the sodium alginate in parts by weight into the acid liquor in parts by weight to form a suspension, magnetically stirring the suspension at a rotation speed of 500 r/min-1000 r/min, simultaneously heating the suspension from room temperature to 80-120 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 5 ℃/min-10 ℃/min, and magnetically stirring at a rotation speed of 500 r/min-1000 r/min for 3-5 h to form a gelatinous fluid; then adding the glucose in parts by weight into the gelatinous fluid, continuously magnetically stirring at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min, simultaneously regulating the temperature of the system to be reduced to 60-100 ℃, reducing the temperature at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, continuously magnetically stirring at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min for 2-3 h to obtain yellow viscous colloid with uniform color, namely the alginic acid-glucose high molecular material;

step S2, sequentially adding the bentonite and the nano-alumina in parts by weight into the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material obtained in the step S1, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80 r/min-120 r/min for 20 min-40 min to obtain colloidal solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material;

and step S3, respectively adding the viscous agent, the diluent, the fiber and the cationic polymer in parts by weight into the solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material, and magnetically stirring for 30-60 min at the rotating speed of 500-800 r/min to obtain the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier.

10. The method for improving soft rock disintegrating soil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

step 1, mixing the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier and the soft rock disintegrating soil according to a weight ratio of 5-10: spraying or directly stirring at a ratio of 100 in situ to obtain improved soft rock disintegrating soil, and stewing for 24 hr;

step 2, spraying the improved soft rock disintegrating soil obtained in the step 1 on the surface of a soft rock slope or the surface layer of a soft rock disintegrating soil embankment, and compacting, wherein the compaction degree is more than 90%;

and 3, after 7 to 60 days, spraying the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier on the surface of the soft rock disintegrating soil for reinforcement, wherein the mass ratio of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier to the soft rock disintegrating soil is 1 to 10: 100.

Background

The soft rock disintegrating soil comprises fine particles formed after the differentiation or disintegration of soft rocks such as expansive soft rock, high-stress soft rock, jointed soft rock, composite soft rock and the like, has physical and mechanical properties similar to those of soil, has partial characteristics of the soft rock, has strong disintegrability, and is extremely sensitive to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, stress and the like. Under the action of load and seasonal rainfall, the soft rock disintegrating soil is subjected to repeated dry-wet cycles, can be quickly softened and can be disintegrated again, and large deformation and even collapse of projects such as soft rock side slopes, embankments, building matrixes and the like are caused. Therefore, the soft rock disintegrating soil is required to be improved in engineering practice.

At present, no good method is available for treating the soft rock disintegrating soil. The improvement treatment of most soft rock disintegration soil is mainly based on the improvement treatment of bad soil, and the soil is improved by mainly adopting modified materials such as traditional gelled materials, alkali active materials and the like. The traditional cementing material is improved by Si in lime or cement⁴⁺、Al³⁺And Fe³⁺The plasma generates hydration reaction to form a layer of gelled substance on the surface of the mudstone so as to increase the strength and the seepage-proofing performance of the mudstone, the traditional gelled material has low price and high consolidation speed, but has poor seepage-proofing effect and durability, and the treated soil is alkaline and hardened, is not easy to grow plants and destroy ecology. The improvement principle of alkali active materials (such as fly ash, slag, blast furnace slag and the like) is mainly realized by the alkaline substances in the materials and Si in rock-soil mass⁴⁺、Al³⁺The ions are exchanged, so that a gel substance is formed and further developed into a small-block network structure, the internal structure and the seepage-proofing performance of the rock-soil body are improved, but the ion exchange rate of the alkali active material and the rock-soil body is slow, the curing time is long, the reaction rate is slow, the early-stage modification effect is poor, and the soil body performance cannot be rapidly enhanced.

Although the prior art has the advantages that the method for modifying the soft rock disintegrating soil by using alginate is utilized, the alginate is utilized to form a film and form a gel when meeting water, the pore is filled, the soft rock disintegrating soil particles are connected, the mechanical property and the anti-seepage property are enhanced, the modification effect is improved to a certain extent compared with the traditional cementing material, and the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is green and environment-friendly, but the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is easy to crack due to water absorption and expansion when the alginate is dissolved in water to form hydrogel, and the side slope surface layer protection is not facilitated.

Therefore, a soft rock disintegrating soil modifier which has the advantages of small permeability, obvious reinforcing effect, capability of inhibiting disintegration, no pollution, degradability and small cracking after modification is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a soft rock disintegrating soil modifier, a preparation method thereof and a soft rock disintegrating soil improvement method, the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared by the method can obviously improve the mechanical property of soft rock disintegrating soil, reduce the permeability of the soft rock disintegrating soil, improve the reinforcing effect and the water stability of the soft rock disintegrating soil, and after the soft rock disintegrating soil is covered by vegetation, alginic acid-glucose-cellulose gel can be rapidly degraded, has small influence on the environment, and solves the problems in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of sodium alginate, 10-40 parts of bentonite, 10-40 parts of nano-grade aluminum oxide, 20-80 parts of glucose, 10-40 parts of a thickening agent, 10-20 parts of a diluent, 50-100 parts of fiber, 20-80 parts of an acid solution and 20-80 parts of a cationic polymer; the fiber comprises any one or more of plant fiber, chemical fiber and wool fiber.

Further, the glucose is in a liquid form, and the mass percent of the glucose is 20-50%.

Further, sticky; the thickening agent comprises one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum and arabic gum.

Further, the diluent is triethyl citrate.

Further, the plant fiber is any one of lignin fiber, coconut fiber and sugarcane fiber.

Further, the chemical fiber is any one of viscose fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber and glass fiber.

Further, the acid solution comprises one or two of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and the concentration of the acid solution is 5-6 mol/L.

Further, the cationic polymer includes one or both of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the modifier for soft rock disintegrating soil, which comprises the following steps:

step S1, putting the sodium alginate in parts by weight into the acid liquor in parts by weight to form a suspension, magnetically stirring the suspension at a rotation speed of 500 r/min-1000 r/min, simultaneously heating the suspension from room temperature to 80-120 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 5 ℃/min-10 ℃/min, and magnetically stirring at a rotation speed of 500 r/min-1000 r/min for 3-5 h to form a gelatinous fluid; then adding the glucose in parts by weight into the gelatinous fluid, continuously magnetically stirring at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min, simultaneously regulating the temperature of the system to be reduced to 60-100 ℃, reducing the temperature at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, continuously magnetically stirring at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min for 2-3 h to obtain yellow viscous colloid with uniform color, namely the alginic acid-glucose high molecular material;

step S2, sequentially adding the bentonite and the nano-alumina in parts by weight into the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material obtained in the step S1, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80 r/min-120 r/min for 20 min-40 min to obtain colloidal solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material;

and step S3, respectively adding the viscous agent, the diluent, the fiber and the cationic polymer in parts by weight into the solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material, and magnetically stirring for 30-60 min at the rotating speed of 500-800 r/min to obtain the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving soft rock disintegrating soil using the above modifier, comprising the steps of:

step 1, mixing the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier and the soft rock disintegrating soil according to a weight ratio of 5-10: spraying or directly stirring at a ratio of 100 in situ to obtain improved soft rock disintegrating soil, and stewing for 24 hr;

step 2, spraying the improved soft rock disintegrating soil obtained in the step 1 on the surface of a soft rock slope or the surface layer of a soft rock disintegrating soil embankment, and compacting, wherein the compaction degree is more than 90%;

and 3, after 7 to 60 days, spraying the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier on the surface of the soft rock disintegrating soil for reinforcement, wherein the mass ratio of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier to the soft rock disintegrating soil is 1 to 10: 100.

the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier can obviously improve the mechanical property of soft rock disintegrating soil and reduce the permeability of the soft rock disintegrating soil; after being dried, the alginic acid-glucose-fiber polymer film can be formed, the constraint force is generated among soft rock disintegrating soil particles, the disintegration of the carbonaceous mudstone is inhibited, the development of cracks is hindered, the reinforcing effect and the water stability of the soft rock disintegrating soil are improved, and after the vegetation cover of the soft rock disintegrating soil, the alginic acid-glucose-cellulose gel can be rapidly degraded and has small influence on the environment;

(2) the preparation method of the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is simple and easy to operate, raw materials are easy to obtain, and the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is suitable for large-scale industrial production;

(3) the method for improving the soft rock disintegrating soil of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is simple and easy to operate, and the anti-permeability performance of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is reduced while the cohesive force and unconfined compressive strength of the soft rock disintegrating soil are increased; after the soft rock disintegrating soil is improved by the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier, the cohesive force of the soft rock disintegrating soil is increased by 231.59-295.19%, the unconfined compressive strength is increased by 353.16-632.25%, and the permeability coefficient is reduced by 54.25-70.19%.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of sodium alginate, 10-40 parts of bentonite, 10-40 parts of nano-grade aluminum oxide, 20-80 parts of glucose, 10-40 parts of a thickening agent, 10-20 parts of a diluent, 50-100 parts of fiber, 20-80 parts of an acid solution and 20-80 parts of a cationic polymer.

Wherein the weight average molecular weight of the sodium alginate is 20-22 ten thousand.

The average particle size of the bentonite is not higher than 0.025 mm.

The average grain diameter range of the nano-alumina is 30-60 nm, and the nano-alumina is used for accelerating the action between the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier and the soft rock disintegrating soil particles and exchanging with cations on the surface layers of the soft rock disintegrating soil particles.

The glucose is in a liquid form, and the mass percent of the glucose is 20-50%.

The thickening agent comprises any one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum and Arabic gum; the function of the thickening agent is mainly to adjust the cohesive force of the modifier, enhance the cementing effect between the modifier and the soft rock disintegrating soil particles and enhance the mechanical property of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil.

The diluent is triethyl citrate, and mainly plays a role in adjusting the fluidity of the modifier, so that the modifier is easier to mix with the soft rock disintegrating soil, and the construction is simpler and more convenient.

The fiber comprises any one or more of plant fiber, chemical fiber and wool fiber, and mainly plays a role in enhancing the mechanical property of the modifier, the fiber can be uniformly dispersed into a sodium alginate solution to form a fiber-sodium alginate three-dimensional structure, the mechanical property of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is enhanced, and an interlocking structure is formed between the fiber and the soft rock disintegrating soil particles, so that the friction force of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is enhanced, the mechanical property of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is further improved, and cracking is prevented.

Among them, the plant fiber is preferably any of lignin fiber, coconut fiber, and sugar cane fiber.

The chemical fiber is preferably any one of viscose fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, and glass fiber.

The acid solution comprises one or two of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and the concentration of the acid solution is 5-6 mol/L; the acid solution is used for treating the sodium alginate to form alginic acid and enhancing the active functional groups on the surface of the sodium alginate, so that the acid solution with higher concentration is selected, the concentration is 5-6 mol/L mainly for ensuring more complete reaction, and an acid environment is provided for the subsequent reaction with glucose to accelerate the reaction rate.

The cationic polymer comprises one or two of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) or N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide (DAP), and can be mixed with Na on the surface of the soft rock disintegrating soil particles⁺、K⁺、Al^{3 +}And the ion exchange reaction is carried out, so that the double electric layers on the surface layer are reduced, the interaction among particles is enhanced, and the mechanical property of the composite material is improved.

The technical principle of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is as follows: the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier overcomes the defects of poor mechanical property and weak caking property of sodium alginate directly used as the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier, has excellent mechanical property, strong cohesive force and good biological property, can quickly form gel-disintegrating soil aggregates in soil, and enhances the mechanical property and the permeability of disintegrating soil; the bentonite and the nanometer alumina have the characteristic of high specific surface area, and the Ca inherent in the soft rock disintegrating soil is accelerated by embedding the bentonite and the nanometer alumina in the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material²⁺Reacting with alginic acid group in the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier; in addition, the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier adjusts the cohesive force and the cohesive degree of the modifier through the thickening agent, enhances the cementing effect between the modifier and soft rock disintegrating soil particles, and enhances the mechanical property of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil; the fluidity of the modifier is adjusted by the diluent, so that the modifier is easier to mix with the soft rock disintegrating soilCombining; during site construction, the contents of the viscous agent and the diluent can be adjusted according to site construction conditions to adjust the fluidity and the viscosity of the modifier, so that the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction process is simplified; the fiber mainly enhances the mechanical property of the modifier, the fiber can be uniformly dispersed into the sodium alginate solution to form a fiber-alginic acid three-dimensional structure, the mechanical property of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is enhanced, and an interlocking structure is formed between the fiber and the soft rock disintegrating soil particles, so that the friction force of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is enhanced, the mechanical property of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is further improved, and cracking is prevented; the cationic polymer can be mixed with Na on the surface of soft rock disintegrating soil particles⁺、K⁺、Al³⁺And the reaction is carried out, so that the surface double electric layers are reduced, the interaction among particles is enhanced, and the mechanical property of the composite material is improved.

The preparation method of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

step S1, putting the sodium alginate in parts by weight into the acid liquor in parts by weight to form a suspension, carrying out magnetic stirring on the suspension at a rotating speed of 500 r/min-1000 r/min, simultaneously heating the suspension from room temperature to 80-120 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 5 ℃/min-10 ℃/min, and the suspension is used for accelerating the reaction speed to ensure that the reaction is more sufficient, and carrying out magnetic stirring for 3-5 h at a rotating speed of 500 r/min-1000 r/min, preferably for 3.5h at a rotating speed of 800r/min to form a gelatinous fluid; and then adding the glucose in parts by weight into the gelatinous fluid, continuously performing magnetic stirring at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min, simultaneously adjusting the temperature of the system to be reduced to 60-100 ℃, reducing the temperature at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, continuously performing magnetic stirring at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min for 2-3 h, preferably performing magnetic stirring at the rotating speed of 1000r/min for 2.5h, and obtaining yellow viscous colloid with uniform color, namely the alginic acid-glucose high molecular material.

The sodium alginate in the step is firstly treated by acid liquor in order to obtain alginic acid and increase the activity of functional groups such as hydroxyl in the alginic acid; the combination of the treated alginic acid with glucose mentions the mechanical properties and viscosity of alginic acid.

Step S2, sequentially adding the bentonite and the nano-alumina in parts by weight into the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material obtained in the step S1, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80 r/min-120 r/min for 20 min-40 min to obtain colloidal solid particles-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material without obvious aggregates; preferably, the stirring is carried out at a rotational speed of 100r/min for 40 min.

The bentonite and the nanoscale alumina have large specific surface areas and small particle sizes, and can be uniformly dispersed into a yellow viscous colloid alginic acid-glucose high polymer material to form a solid particle alginic acid-glucose mixed colloid material, thereby being beneficial to improving the cohesive effect and the mechanical property of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier.

Compared with sodium alginate, the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material of the yellow viscous colloid has better cohesive effect, so that the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared by using the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material as the base material has better modification effect than the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared by using sodium alginate as the base material, and has better mechanical property.

And step S3, adding the viscous agent, the diluent, the fiber and the cationic polymer in parts by weight into the solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material respectively, and magnetically stirring for 30 to 60 minutes at the rotating speed of 500 to 800r/min, preferably for 45 minutes at the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier, wherein the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is in the form of suspension, can be stored firstly, can be started for use when needed, and can also be used immediately.

The soft rock disintegrating soil improvement method adopting the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

step 1, mixing the prepared soft rock disintegrating soil modifier and soft rock disintegrating soil according to a weight ratio of 5-10: spraying or directly stirring at a ratio of 100 in situ to obtain the improved soft rock disintegrating soil, covering the improved soft rock disintegrating soil with a plastic film, and stewing for 24 hours.

In-situ spraying, a spraying mode is adopted, the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is sprayed on the surface of the soft rock disintegrating soil 2-3 times, the time interval of each time is 6 hours, and the spraying thickness is 2-5 mm.

The direct stirring means that the soft rock disintegrating soil is taken out, mechanically crushed and then uniformly mixed with the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier and the soft rock disintegrating soil particles through mechanical stirring or manual stirring and mixing.

And 2, spraying the improved soft rock disintegrating soil obtained in the step 1 on the surface of a soft rock slope or the surface layer of the soft rock disintegrating soil embankment, and compacting, wherein the compaction degree is more than 90%.

The spraying means adopting high-pressure spraying mode, wherein the high-pressure spraying mode adopts 1kg/m²～5kg/m²The spraying proportion of (2) is that the improved soft rock disintegrating soil is sprayed on the surface of the soft rock slope or the surface layer of the soft rock disintegrating soil embankment for 3-5 times, the time interval of each time is 24 hours, and the spraying thickness is 200-500 mm.

And 3, after 7 to 60 days (along with natural actual conditions), spraying the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared by the method on the surface of the soft rock disintegrating soil for reinforcement, wherein the mass ratio of the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier to the soft rock disintegrating soil is 1 to 10: 100.

example 1

The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of sodium alginate, 10 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of nano-grade aluminum oxide, 20 parts of glucose, 10 parts of a thickening agent, 10 parts of a diluent, 50 parts of fiber, 20 parts of an acid liquid and 20 parts of a cationic polymer.

The weight average molecular weight of the sodium alginate is 20 ten thousand; the average grain diameter of the bentonite is 0.025 mm; the average grain diameter of the nano-alumina is 30 nm; the mass percent of the glucose is 20, and the viscous agent is carboxymethyl cellulose; the diluent is triethyl citrate; the fiber is lignin fiber; the acid solution is sulfuric acid, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 5 mol/L; the cationic polymer is methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC).

Example 2

The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of sodium alginate, 40 parts of bentonite, 40 parts of nano-grade aluminum oxide, 80 parts of glucose, 40 parts of a thickening agent, 20 parts of a diluent, 100 parts of fiber, 80 parts of an acid liquid and 80 parts of a cationic polymer.

The weight average molecular weight of the sodium alginate is 22 ten thousand; the average grain diameter of the bentonite is 0.01 mm; the average grain diameter of the nano-grade aluminum oxide is 60nm, the mass percentage of glucose is 50 percent, and the viscous agent is xanthan gum; the diluent is triethyl citrate; the fiber is viscose fiber; the acid solution is nitric acid, and the concentration of the nitric acid is 6 mol/L; the cationic polymer is N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide (DAP).

Example 3

The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of sodium alginate, 25 parts of bentonite, 25 parts of nano-grade aluminum oxide, 50 parts of glucose, 25 parts of a viscous agent, 15 parts of a diluent, 75 parts of fiber, 50 parts of an acid liquid and 50 parts of a cationic polymer.

The mass percent of the glucose is 30%, and the thickening agent is a mixture of xanthan gum and Arabic gum in a mass ratio of 1: 1; the fiber is wool fiber; the acid solution is mixed solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the concentration of the mixed solution is 5.5 mol/L; the cationic polymer is a mixture of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) and N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide (DAP) mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1; the rest is the same as in example 2.

Example 4

The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of sodium alginate, 17 parts of bentonite, 17 parts of nano-grade aluminum oxide, 35 parts of glucose, 17 parts of a thickening agent, 12 parts of a diluent, 62 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 35 parts of an acid liquid and 35 parts of a cationic polymer.

The rest is the same as in example 3.

Example 5

The soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 72 parts of sodium alginate, 32 parts of bentonite, 32 parts of nano-grade alumina, 65 parts of glucose, 32 parts of a viscous agent, 17 parts of a diluent, 87 parts of polyvinyl chloride fiber, 65 parts of an acid liquid and 65 parts of a cationic polymer.

The rest is the same as in example 3.

Example 6

The preparation method of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

the formulation of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of example 1 was used.

(1) Adding the sodium alginate in parts by weight into the acid solution in parts by weight to form a suspension, magnetically stirring the suspension at a rotation speed of 500r/min, simultaneously heating the suspension from room temperature to 80 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min to accelerate the reaction speed, so that the reaction is more complete, and magnetically stirring at the rotation speed of 500r/min for 3 hours continuously to form a gelatinous fluid; and then adding the glucose in parts by weight into the gelatinous fluid, continuing to magnetically stir at the rotating speed of 800r/min, simultaneously regulating the temperature of the system to be reduced to 60 ℃, reducing the temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and continuing to magnetically stir at the rotating speed of 800r/min for 2h to obtain yellow viscous colloid with uniform color, namely the alginic acid-glucose high molecular material.

(2) And (4) sequentially adding the bentonite and the nano-grade alumina in parts by weight into the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material obtained in the step (S1), and stirring at the rotating speed of 80r/min for 20min to obtain the colloidal solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material without obvious aggregates.

(3) Respectively adding the viscous agent, the diluent, the fiber and the cationic polymer in parts by weight into the solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material, and magnetically stirring for 30min at the rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier.

Example 7

The preparation method of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

the formulation of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of example 2 was used.

(1) Putting the sodium alginate in parts by weight into the acid solution in parts by weight to form a suspension, magnetically stirring the suspension at the rotation speed of 1000r/min, simultaneously heating the suspension from room temperature to 120 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 8 ℃/min, and magnetically stirring for 5 hours at the rotation speed of 1000r/min to form a gelatinous fluid; and then adding the glucose in parts by weight into the gelatinous fluid, continuing to magnetically stir at the rotation speed of 1200r/min, simultaneously regulating the temperature of the system to be reduced to 100 ℃, reducing the temperature at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and continuing to magnetically stir at the rotation speed of 1200r/min for 3h to obtain yellow viscous colloid with uniform color, namely the alginic acid-glucose high molecular material.

(2) And (4) sequentially adding the bentonite and the nano-grade alumina in parts by weight into the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material obtained in the step (S1), and stirring at the rotating speed of 120r/min for 40min to obtain the colloidal solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material without obvious aggregates.

(3) Respectively adding the viscous agent, the diluent, the fiber and the cationic polymer in parts by weight into the solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material, and magnetically stirring for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier.

Example 8

The preparation method of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

the formulation of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of example 3 was used.

(1) Putting the sodium alginate in parts by weight into the acid solution in parts by weight to form a suspension, magnetically stirring the suspension at the rotating speed of 800r/min, simultaneously heating the suspension from room temperature to 100 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the suspension is used for accelerating the reaction speed to ensure that the reaction is more sufficient, and magnetically stirring for 3.5 hours at the rotating speed of 800r/min continuously to form a gelatinous fluid; and then adding the glucose in parts by weight into the gelatinous fluid, continuing to magnetically stir at the rotating speed of 1000r/min, simultaneously regulating the temperature of the system to be reduced to 80 ℃, reducing the temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and continuing to magnetically stir at the rotating speed of 1000r/min for 2.5 hours to obtain yellow viscous colloid with uniform color, namely the alginic acid-glucose high molecular material.

(2) And (4) sequentially adding the bentonite and the nano-grade alumina in parts by weight into the alginic acid-glucose high polymer material obtained in the step (S1), and stirring at the rotating speed of 100r/min for 40min to obtain the colloidal solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material without obvious aggregates.

(3) Respectively adding the viscous agent, the diluent, the fiber and the cationic polymer in parts by weight into the solid particle-alginic acid-glucose mixed colloidal material, and magnetically stirring for 45min at the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier.

Example 9

The preparation method of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

the formulation of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of example 4 was used, and the rest was the same as in example 8.

Example 10

The preparation method of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

the formulation of the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of example 5 was used, and the rest was the same as in example 8.

Example 11

The soft rock disintegrating soil improvement method adopting the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

(1) the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared in example 8 and the soft rock disintegrating soil are mixed according to the weight ratio of 5: spraying in situ at a ratio of 100 to obtain the improved soft rock disintegrating soil, covering the improved soft rock disintegrating soil with a plastic film, and stewing the material for 24 hours.

The in-situ spraying adopts a spraying mode, the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is sprayed on the surface of the soft rock disintegrating soil for 2 times, the time interval of each time is 6 hours, and the spraying thickness is 2 mm.

(2) And (3) spraying the improved soft rock disintegrating soil obtained in the step (1) on the surface of the soft rock slope, and compacting, wherein the compaction degree is 90%.

The spraying means adopting high-pressure spraying mode, wherein the high-pressure spraying mode adopts 1kg/m²The spraying proportion of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is that the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is sprayed on the surface of the soft rock slope for 3 times, and each time isThe spraying thickness is 200mm at intervals of 24 hours.

(3) After 7 days (along with natural actual conditions in the period), spraying the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared by the method on the surface of the soft rock disintegrating soil for reinforcement, wherein the mass ratio of the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier to the soft rock disintegrating soil is 1: 100.

example 12

The soft rock disintegrating soil improvement method adopting the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier comprises the following steps:

(1) the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared in the example 8 and the soft rock disintegrating soil are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10: stirring directly at a ratio of 100 to obtain the improved soft rock disintegrating soil, covering the improved soft rock disintegrating soil with a plastic film, and stewing for 24 hours.

The direct stirring means that the soft rock disintegrating soil is taken out, mechanically crushed and then uniformly mixed with the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier and the soft rock disintegrating soil particles in a mechanical stirring mode.

(2) And (3) spraying the improved soft rock disintegrating soil obtained in the step (1) on the surface layer of the soft rock disintegrating soil embankment, and compacting, wherein the degree of compaction is 95%.

The spraying is carried out in a high-pressure spraying mode of 5kg/m²The spraying proportion of the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is that the modified soft rock disintegrating soil is sprayed on the surface layer of the soft rock disintegrating soil embankment for 5 times, the time interval of each time is 24 hours, and the spraying thickness is 500 mm.

(3) After 60 days (along with natural actual conditions in the period), spraying the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared by the method on the surface layer of the soft rock disintegrating soil embankment for reinforcement, wherein the mass ratio of the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier to the soft rock disintegrating soil is 10: 100.

example 13

The mass ratio of the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier to the soft rock disintegrating soil in the step (3) is 4: 100, the rest is the same as example 12.

Example 14

The mass ratio of the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier to the soft rock disintegrating soil in the step (3) is 8: 100, the rest is the same as example 12.

Comparative example 1

The soft rock disintegrating soil is not added with a novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier.

Comparative example 2

The soft rock disintegrating soil improvement method comprises the following steps:

except that the soft rock disintegrating soil modifier prepared in example 8 is not used, the sodium alginate solution and the soft rock disintegrating soil are directly used in a weight ratio of 10: 100, the modified soft rock-disintegrated soil was prepared by directly stirring, and the rest was the same as in example 13.

The soil body performance indexes of the improved soft rock disintegrating soil finally obtained in examples 11 to 14 and the comparative example were tested, and the test results are shown in table 1.

Table 1 soil body performance index table of improved soft rock disintegration soil

Item	Unconfined compressive strength (kPa)	Cohesion (kPa)	Coefficient of penetration (m/s)	Time to onset of disintegration
					Example 11	1162	62.43	5.115×10-7	20h
Example 12	1525	75.31	3.778×10-7	24h
					Example 13	2192	61.21	3.333×10-7	36h
Example 14	1634	78.02	3.430×10-7	12h
					Comparative example 1	346.7	26.43	1.118×10-6	1min
Comparative example 2	684.54	43.63	8.421×10-7	30min

As can be seen from Table 1, the mechanical properties of the improved soft rock disintegrating soils after the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier of the invention is added in the examples 11 to 14 are obviously enhanced, and the initial disintegration time is at least 12 h; the unconfined compressive strength of the soft rock disintegrating soil without the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier in the comparative example 1 is only 346.7kPa, the cohesive force is 26.43kPa, and the permeability coefficient is only 1.118 multiplied by 10^-6m/s; comparative example 2 sodium alginate solution and soft rock disintegrating soil are directly adopted in a weight ratio of 10: 100, the unconfined compressive strength of the prepared improved soft rock disintegrating soil is only 684.54kPa, the cohesive force is 43.63kPa, and the permeability coefficient is 8.421 multiplied by 10^-7m/s, but begins to disintegrate at 30 min. In examples 11 to 14 of the present application, the modified soft rock disintegrating soil added with the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier is improved by 353.16% to 632.25% in relation to the unconfined compressive strength of comparative example 1, improved by 231.59% to 295.19% in cohesive force, reduced by 54.25% to 70.19% in permeability coefficient, improved by 169.75% to 320.22% in relation to the unconfined compressive strength of comparative example 2, improved by 140.29% to 178.82% in cohesive force, and reduced by 39.26% to 60.42% in permeability coefficient.

Therefore, the soft rock disintegrating soil improved by the novel soft rock disintegrating soil modifier can increase the unconfined compressive strength and cohesive force and reduce the permeability coefficient.

It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as first, second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.