1. The high-content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:

tea fiber powder: 100 parts of (A);

talc powder: 1-10 parts;

plant starch: 50-200 parts of a solvent;

glycerol: 0.5-10 parts;

y-polyglutamic acid: 1-10 parts;

water: 5-50 parts.

2. The high content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tea fiber powder is any one or any combination of tea stem, tea leaf, tea leftover, tea residue after making tea or any defective products and agricultural wastes generated in the tea production process.

3. The high content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the tea fiber powder is 40-2000 mesh.

4. The high-content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aspect ratio of the tea fiber powder is 10-180.

5. The high-content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the talcum powder is 100-5000 meshes.

6. The high content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant starch is any one or any combination of root-tuber starch.

7. The high content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material according to claim 6, wherein the plant starch is tapioca, potato starch or corn starch.

8. The preparation method of the high-content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) adding tea fiber powder, talcum powder, plant starch and glycerol into a high-speed mixer, and mixing and stirring for 15-90 min;

(2) sequentially adding the y-polyglutamic acid and water, continuing stirring for 15-90 min, stopping mixing when the viscosity of the materials in the high-speed mixer is increased and the materials are gelatinized, and discharging for later use;

(3) pouring the mixed colloidal material into a charging basket, starting an extruder, setting the temperatures of 4 sections of heating sections from a charging port to a discharging port to be 50-70 ℃, 60-80 ℃ and 70-95 ℃, setting the temperature of a discharging port die of a machine head to be 70-95 ℃, gelatinizing the material, extruding and drawing strips, cutting the strips into strips after quick air cooling and shaping, and then circularly curing in a multi-layer circulating drying oven at the temperature of 40-80 ℃.

9. The method for preparing the modified composite material of high content tea fiber and plant starch as claimed in claim 8, wherein the temperatures of the 4 heating sections are 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 75 ℃ and 80 ℃ respectively, and the temperature of the head discharge die is set to 80 ℃.

10. Use of a composite material modified with a high content of tea fibres and plant starch, characterised in that the composite material according to any one of claims 1-7 is formed into a tubular article.

Background

Plastics are widely applied to various fields by virtue of excellent properties, become basic material industries since the new century, and the application fields of the plastics even exceed three basic material industries of reinforcing steel bars, cement and wood, and become one of indispensable articles in daily life of people. Commonly used plastics such as Polyethylene (PE), Polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), Polyamide (PA) and the like are mostly petroleum based raw materials.

The disposable straw is an indispensable consumable in the catering industry, most of the disposable straws sold and used in the market at present are plastic, are not biodegradable, and easily cause white pollution, and even though part of the paper straws are available at present, paper scraps often fall off in the drinking process with extremely poor water resistance, the experience is poor, the paper pulp resource is deficient, and the disposable straw is very precious, and the earth environment where people live is seriously damaged by using a large amount of the disposable straws; under the situation that the environmental protection problem is more and more prominent and the development requirement of low-carbon economy is more and more urgent, the environment-friendly ecological material is developed vigorously to become a necessary trend.

In view of the above, the present inventors have specially designed a high content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material, a preparation method and an application thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the tea fiber straw made of the modified composite material is raw, has excellent water resistance and heat resistance, can be used in normal-temperature water for 1-3 hours, after being discarded, the waste and the garbage can be buried in soil to be composted together, and the composted waste and the garbage are degraded and returned to nature, so that the environment is not polluted, in particular, the environment white pollution caused by garbage accumulation caused by the traditional disposable straw to the earth environment under the condition of heavy use of people is avoided, therefore, the invention utilizes the tea stalks discarded by tea farmers, tea defective products and other agricultural wastes to change the tea stalks, the tea defective products and the like into valuable substances, the straw has the characteristics that the straw can be biodegraded in the natural environment and returns to the nature without producing any pollution, the mass-produced disposable straw has low price and light tea fragrance, the cost performance is extremely high, the straw has the possibility of replacing the straw made of the traditional material, and the income is increased for tea growers, so that the tea industry is upgraded and enters a new era; the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a high-content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material, which comprises the following components in parts by mass:

tea fiber powder: 100 parts of (A);

talc powder: 1-10 parts;

plant starch: 50-200 parts of a solvent;

glycerol: 0.5-10 parts;

y-polyglutamic acid: 1-10 parts;

water: 5-50 parts.

Further, the tea fiber powder adopts any one or any combination of a plurality of tea stalks, tea leaves, tea leftover materials, tea residues after being brewed and drunk or defective products and agricultural wastes generated in the tea production process, and the tea residues after being brewed and drunk are firstly dried and then used; agricultural wastes are used as main filling agents, the source of the filling agents is wide, the price is low, the filling agents have biodegradability, and the application of tea fibers as the filling agents can change the agricultural wastes into valuables and greatly reduce the waste of resources.

Furthermore, the average particle size of the tea fiber powder is 40-2000 meshes, and the length-diameter ratio of the fiber is 10-180.

Furthermore, the average particle size of the talcum powder is 100-5000 meshes.

Furthermore, the plant starch adopts any one or any combination of several of root-tuber-like substance starches.

Further, the plant starch is tapioca, potato starch or corn starch.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the high-content tea fiber and plant starch modified composite material, which comprises the following steps:

(1) adding tea fiber powder, talcum powder, plant starch and glycerol into a high-speed mixer, and mixing and stirring for 15-90 min;

(2) sequentially adding the y-polyglutamic acid and water, continuing stirring for 15-90 min, stopping mixing when the viscosity of the materials in the high-speed mixer is increased and the materials are gelatinized, and discharging for later use;

(3) pouring the mixed colloidal material into a charging basket, starting an extruder, setting the temperatures of 4 sections of heating sections from a feeding port to a discharging port to be 50-70 ℃, 60-80 ℃ and 70-95 ℃, setting the temperature of a discharging port of a machine head to be 70-95 ℃, gelatinizing the material, extruding a brace through puffing, cutting the brace into strips after rapid air cooling and shaping, and then circularly solidifying the strips in a multi-layer circulating drying oven at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ to complete crystallization on the surface of the strips so as to achieve the water-resistant function.

Further, the temperatures of the 4 sections of heating sections are respectively 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 75 ℃ and 80 ℃, and the temperature of the discharge die of the machine head is set to be 80 ℃.

Furthermore, the temperature of the multi-layer circulating drying oven needs to be controlled between 40 ℃ and 80 ℃ to ensure that the product is not bent and the surface of the product is solidified to finish crystallization.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the composite material modified by high-content tea fiber and plant starch, wherein the composite material in one purpose is made into a tubular product which is solid or hollow inside, such as: a stirring tube in the shape of a cylinder, a central tube for a lollipop or a straw according to the invention, etc. The disposable tea fiber straw produced by the composite material can achieve very good water resistance and heat resistance, can be used at the water temperature of 40-80 ℃, can be biodegraded to return to nature in a garbage composting mode after being aged after being used, does not pollute the land, becomes the best fertilizer for the ground after being degraded, and reduces the pollution of products such as plastics and the like to the earth environment.

Furthermore, the talcum powder, the plant starch, the glycerol and the y-polyglutamic acid are all edible materials, so that the prepared composite material or product can be eaten, wherein one eating mode is that the used straw is directly drunk after being soaked in water; or can be dissolved and directly used for watering flowers and the like.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the plant starch used in the invention has the characteristics of an adhesive, and the fibrous tea fiber powder is adopted, so that the rigidity, toughness and high temperature resistance of the composite material are well balanced under the action of various modifiers;

(2) the y-polyglutamic acid is used as a modifier of the plant starch, so that the viscosity of the material is effectively increased, the film forming property is good, the tensile strength and the elongation at break are enhanced, and the high-efficiency biodegradable function is realized.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more obvious, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

Adding 100 parts of tea stem powder, 3 parts of 200-mesh talcum powder, 50 parts of plant starch and 2 parts of glycerol into a high-speed mixer, and mixing and stirring for 30 min; sequentially adding 2 parts of y-polyglutamic acid (y-PGA) and 5 parts of water, and continuing stirring for 15 min; and (4) increasing the viscosity of the materials in the high-speed mixer, forming the materials into a colloid, stopping mixing, and discharging for later use. Pouring the mixed colloidal material into a charging basket, starting an extruder from a feeding port to a discharging port, setting the temperatures of 4 sections of heating sections to be 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 75 ℃ and 80 ℃, setting the temperature of a head discharging port mould to be 80 ℃, cutting the material into strips after gelatinization, puffing, extruding and bracing, quick air cooling and shaping, and then circularly solidifying in a multi-layer circulating drying oven at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ to complete crystallization on the surface of the material so as to achieve the water-resistant function.

Example 2

Adding 100 parts of tea stem powder, 5 parts of 1000-mesh talcum powder, 100 parts of plant starch and 4 parts of glycerol into a high-speed mixer, and mixing and stirring for 45 min; sequentially adding 4 parts of y-polyglutamic acid (y-PGA) and 10 parts of water, and continuing stirring for 30 min; and (4) increasing the viscosity of the materials in the high-speed mixer, forming the materials into a colloid, stopping mixing, and discharging for later use. Pouring the mixed colloidal material into a charging basket, starting an extruder from a feeding port to a discharging port, setting the temperatures of 4 sections of heating sections to be 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 75 ℃ and 80 ℃, setting the temperature of a head discharging port mould to be 80 ℃, cutting the material into strips after gelatinization, puffing, extruding and bracing, quick air cooling and shaping, and then circularly solidifying in a multi-layer circulating drying oven at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ to complete crystallization on the surface of the material so as to achieve the water-resistant function.

Example 3

Adding 100 parts of tea powder, 8 parts of 3000-mesh talcum powder, 150 parts of plant starch and 6 parts of glycerol into a high-speed mixer, and mixing and stirring for 60 min; adding 6 parts of y-polyglutamic acid (y-PGA) and 15 parts of water in sequence, and continuing stirring for 15 min; and (4) increasing the viscosity of the materials in the high-speed mixer, forming the materials into a colloid, stopping mixing, and discharging for later use. Pouring the mixed colloidal material into a charging basket, starting an extruder from a feeding port to a discharging port, setting the temperatures of 4 sections of heating sections to be 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 75 ℃ and 80 ℃, setting the temperature of a head discharging port mould to be 80 ℃, cutting the material into strips after gelatinization, puffing, extruding and bracing, quick air cooling and shaping, and then circularly solidifying in a multi-layer circulating drying oven at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ to complete crystallization on the surface of the material so as to achieve the water-resistant function.

Example 4

Adding 100 parts of tea powder, 8 parts of 5000-mesh talcum powder, 200 parts of plant starch and 8 parts of glycerol into a high-speed mixer, and mixing and stirring for 30 min; sequentially adding 8 parts of y-polyglutamic acid (y-PGA) and 20 parts of water, and continuing stirring for 15 min; and (4) increasing the viscosity of the materials in the high-speed mixer, forming the materials into a colloid, stopping mixing, and discharging for later use. Pouring the mixed colloidal material into a charging basket, starting an extruder from a feeding port to a discharging port, setting the temperatures of 4 sections of heating sections to be 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 75 ℃ and 80 ℃, setting the temperature of a head discharging port mould to be 80 ℃, cutting the material into strips after gelatinization, puffing, extruding and bracing, quick air cooling and shaping, and then circularly solidifying in a multi-layer circulating drying oven at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ to complete crystallization on the surface of the material so as to achieve the water-resistant function.

The invention realizes high-value utilization of waste tea stalks, tea powder and the like which are tea agricultural byproducts, accords with policies of sustainable development and agricultural recycling economy, has obvious economy and environmental protection benefits, helps tea farmers increase income and reduce agricultural wastes, specifically uses the tea stalks and the like as main fillers, reduces waste of resources, can decompose and degrade products to reduce white pollution and landfill of garbage, fully utilizes the resources, does not waste, and changes waste into valuables! Benefiting the earth and human beings. In addition, the tea stalks and the tea defective products are used as agricultural processing wastes, have rich raw materials and low price, and simultaneously contain a large amount of natural tea pigments, tea polyphenol and catechin and are biodegradable. According to the invention, the tea fiber is used as a filler capable of degrading plant starch, the viscosity can be increased under the action of y-polyglutamic acid (y-PGA) and glycerol, so that the biodegradation performance of the material is improved, the tensile strength, the elongation at break, the high temperature resistance and the bending strength are improved, the melt index is also increased, and the toughness, the high temperature resistance, the water resistance and the biodegradability of the composite material can be well balanced. The preparation method is simple to operate and low in production cost, changes waste into valuable, greatly helps tea farmers increase income, reduces waste and waste of agricultural wastes, and the product has light tea fragrance.

The present invention has been described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and it is within the protection scope of the present invention as long as various insubstantial modifications are made by using the method concept and technical scheme of the present invention, or the concept and technical scheme of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without modification.