1. The bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 92-95% of tailed vegetable, 3-4% of animal manure, 1-3% of straw and 1% of organic fertilizer fungicide.

2. The bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 92% of waste vegetables, 4% of animal wastes, 3% of straws and 1% of organic fertilizer fungicide.

3. The bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 95% of waste vegetables, 3% of animal wastes, 1% of straws and 1% of organic fertilizer fungicide.

4. The bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said tail vegetables include baby cabbage, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, and other mixed tail vegetables.

5. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the animal manure comprises more than one of fresh chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure and sheep manure.

6. The biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-35% of bacillus subtilis, 25-40% of nitrogen-fixing bacillus, 20-35% of cellulose degrading bacteria and 15-30% of streptococcus thermophilus.

7. The biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% of bacillus subtilis, 30% of nitrogen-fixing bacillus, 30% of cellulose degrading bacteria and 20% of streptococcus thermophilus.

8. The biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of bacillus subtilis, 25% of nitrogen-fixing bacillus, 30% of cellulose degrading bacteria and 20% of streptococcus thermophilus.

9. A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:

step one, dewatering the tail vegetables: fermenting, extruding and dehydrating the tailed vegetable, drying the dewatered tailed vegetable until the water content is between 60 and 80 percent;

step two, straw cutting treatment: cutting the straws into 1-1.5 cm segments for later use;

step three, drying the animal manure to prepare dry powder, and filtering to remove impurities to obtain available dry manure powder;

step four, adding the tailstocks, the straws and the animal wastes processed in the step one, the step two and the step three, and the bacillus subtilis, the nitrogen-fixing bacillus, the cellulose degrading bacteria and the streptococcus thermophilus into a mixing device for stirring and mixing for later use;

step five, fermentation: fermenting the mixture in the fourth step in a trough type compost manner, raising the temperature to be above 60 ℃, maintaining for 4-5 days to turn the compost once, and turning the compost once every week in the period, so as to prevent the temperature from falling too early and ensure the compost to be quickly decomposed; after fermenting for about 20-35 days, reducing the temperature and completing the fermentation stage;

step six, drying and granulating: after composting is finished, the decomposed material is dried, crushed and granulated, the granulation size is determined in a workshop through equipment according to the corresponding fertilization environment, and the target particle size is selected through screening.

10. The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 9, wherein the effective viable count (cfu) of the organic fertilizer is not less than 0.25 hundred million/g, and the organic matter content is 55-65%.

Background

The ripe fresh vegetables are harvested by removing some inedible parts. For example, the roots or the outer incomplete leaves of Chinese cabbage may also cause some damage to vegetables during transportation, and the remaining leaves should be removed. Some simple treatments are needed before the vegetable is put on shelves, and some waste branches and rotten leaves are generated in the whole process, so that the vegetable garbage is formed. The tail vegetables are the residual leaves of fresh vegetables which need to be removed, and are commonly called rotten vegetable leaves. In recent years, a large amount of rotten leaves of waste vegetables are generated in the rapidly-developing vegetable industry, and the accumulated dumped tail vegetables are rotten and go bad and vomit.

The tailed vegetable can not be eaten by more livestock and is not feasible as a biogas material, which greatly influences the appearance and appearance of people, especially the city in the city, and if the tailed vegetable is not treated in time, environmental pollution and bacteria breeding are caused. These tail vegetables have been troubling farmers and the market.

In view of the above technical problems, improvements are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and aims to provide an organic fertilizer prepared by using waste vegetables as main raw materials, improve the environment and simultaneously make the waste of the waste vegetables maximally utilized.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 92-95% of tailed vegetable, 3-4% of animal manure, 1-3% of straw and 1% of organic fertilizer fungicide.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 92% of waste vegetables, 4% of animal wastes, 3% of straws and 1% of organic fertilizer fungicide.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 95% of waste vegetables, 3% of animal wastes, 1% of straws and 1% of organic fertilizer fungicide.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tail vegetables include baby cabbage, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, and other mixed tail vegetables.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the animal manure comprises more than one of fresh chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure and sheep manure.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-35% of bacillus subtilis, 25-40% of nitrogen-fixing bacillus, 20-35% of cellulose degrading bacteria and 15-30% of streptococcus thermophilus.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% of bacillus subtilis, 30% of nitrogen-fixing bacillus, 30% of cellulose degrading bacteria and 20% of streptococcus thermophilus.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of bacillus subtilis, 25% of nitrogen-fixing bacillus, 30% of cellulose degrading bacteria and 20% of streptococcus thermophilus.

A preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

step one, dewatering the tail vegetables: fermenting, extruding and dehydrating the tailed vegetable, drying the dewatered tailed vegetable until the water content is between 60 and 80 percent;

step two, straw cutting treatment: cutting the straws into 1-1.5 cm segments for later use;

step three, drying the animal manure to prepare dry powder, and filtering to remove impurities to obtain available dry manure powder;

step four, adding the tailstocks, the straws and the animal wastes processed in the step one, the step two and the step three, and the bacillus subtilis, the nitrogen-fixing bacillus, the cellulose degrading bacteria and the streptococcus thermophilus into a mixing device for stirring and mixing for later use;

step five, fermentation: fermenting the mixture in the fourth step in a trough type compost manner, raising the temperature to be above 60 ℃, maintaining for 4-5 days to turn the compost once, and turning the compost once every week in the period, so as to prevent the temperature from falling too early and ensure the compost to be quickly decomposed; after fermenting for about 20-35 days, reducing the temperature and completing the fermentation stage;

step six, drying and granulating: after composting is finished, the decomposed material is dried, crushed and granulated, the granulation size is determined in a workshop through equipment according to the corresponding fertilization environment, and the target particle size is selected through screening.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the effective viable count (cfu) of the organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.25 hundred million/g, and the content of organic matters is 55-65%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art: the invention not only effectively utilizes the vegetable garbage in agricultural production, protects the environmental health and realizes the green agricultural ecology, but also obtains the organic fertilizer which can improve the soil problem and maintain the ecological balance after being applied through fermentation, and conforms to the requirements of agricultural sustainable development.

Detailed Description

The following provides a detailed description of embodiments of the invention.

Example 1:

a bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 92% of waste vegetables, 4% of animal wastes, 3% of straws and 1% of organic fertilizer fungicide; the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% of bacillus subtilis, 30% of nitrogen-fixing bacillus, 30% of cellulose degrading bacteria and 20% of streptococcus thermophilus.

The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

step one, dewatering the tail vegetables: fermenting, squeezing, dehydrating and drying the collected cabbage until the water content is 75%, and taking out for later use;

step two, straw cutting treatment: cutting straws in the raw materials into 1-1.5 cm fragments for later use in a workshop by using a cutting machine;

drying the animal wastes involved in the raw materials, grinding the dried animal wastes by using a machine to prepare dry powder, and filtering to remove impurities to obtain usable dry manure powder for later use;

step four, adding the tailstocks, the straws and the animal wastes which are processed in the step one, the step two and the step three and the bactericides such as bacillus subtilis, paenibacillus azotobacteria, cellulose degrading bacteria and streptococcus thermophilus which are related to the raw materials into a mixing device according to a corresponding proportion, stirring and mixing for later use;

step five, fermentation: stacking the mixture obtained in the fourth step in a fermentation field to perform stack type compost fermentation, wherein the water content of the fermentation starting material is 55%; the temperature rises to about 60-65 ℃, the fermentation is continued for 20-35 d in the temperature interval, the compost temperature is monitored every day during the fermentation, simple components such as cellulose in the mixture can be slowly degraded during the fermentation process, the rest components are not enough to maintain the growth and development of flora, so that the metabolism of bacterial colonies becomes slow, the temperature is reduced, and the mixture is uniformly stirred and fermented again every 4-5 d during the fermentation process, so that the condition that the compost is decomposed due to too short fermentation time and too early temperature reduction is prevented;

step six, decomposing and granulating: and drying the decomposed materials after composting until the water content is about 20%, performing extrusion forming in a workshop through equipment, granulating to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer, and determining the granulation size according to the corresponding fertilization environment.

Step seven, testing: and (4) performing a seed germination index test, selecting the baby cabbage seeds for testing, wherein the germination index is more than 120%.

In the embodiment, the waste vegetables are dehydrated to obtain waste vegetables residues and waste vegetables juice; after the water content of the waste vegetable residue is reduced, the ventilation performance is greatly improved, and the production efficiency of aerobic composting is favorably improved. The water content of the dehydrated waste vegetable residue is reduced to a proper level, the looseness of the waste vegetable residue is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the specific surface area of the waste vegetable residue is greatly increased, so that a large number of attachment surfaces are provided for subsequent aerobic bactericides, the fermentation efficiency is favorably improved, the production period is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.

All raw materials in this application all adjust its moisture content to appropriate level before mixing, and then mix according to required proportion, are convenient for control important physicochemical parameters such as aerobic composting material moisture content, carbon-nitrogen ratio, make the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum degrade and convert raw and other materials better, fast rotten ripe. On one hand, the treatment mode ensures that the moisture content of the compost material obtained after mixing various materials keeps a proper level; on the other hand, the water is distributed in the mixture more uniformly; therefore, the defects of insufficient ventilation caused by overhigh local water content of the materials are avoided, the defect of insufficient water content of the local materials is avoided, and the growth requirement of the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum cannot be met.

Example 2:

a bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 95% of waste vegetables, 3% of animal wastes, 1% of straws and 1% of organic fertilizer fungicide; the organic fertilizer microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of bacillus subtilis, 25% of nitrogen-fixing bacillus, 30% of cellulose degrading bacteria and 20% of streptococcus thermophilus.

The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

step one, dewatering the tail vegetables: drying the collected Chinese cabbage for dehydration treatment until the water content is 70%, and taking out for later use;

step two, straw cutting treatment: cutting straws in the raw materials into 1-1.5 cm fragments for later use in a workshop by using a cutting machine;

drying the animal wastes involved in the raw materials, grinding the dried animal wastes by using a machine to prepare dry powder, and filtering to remove impurities to obtain usable dry manure powder for later use;

step four, adding the tailstocks, the straws and the animal wastes which are processed in the step one, the step two and the step three and the bactericides such as bacillus subtilis, paenibacillus azotobacteria, cellulose degrading bacteria and streptococcus thermophilus which are related to the raw materials into a mixing device according to a corresponding proportion, stirring and mixing for later use;

step five, fermentation: stacking the mixture obtained in the fourth step in a fermentation field for trough type compost fermentation, raising the temperature to be above 60 ℃, continuously fermenting for 15-20 d in the temperature interval, monitoring the compost temperature every day during fermentation, slowly degrading simple components such as cellulose in the mixture during fermentation, and enabling the metabolism of bacterial colonies to become slow due to insufficient growth and development of flora and temperature to drop, so that the mixture is uniformly stirred and fermented again every 4-5 d during fermentation, and preventing the compost from being decomposed due to too short fermentation time and too early temperature drop;

step six, granulation: drying, crushing and granulating the decomposed material after composting. The water content of the final biological organic fertilizer is less than 30 percent.

Step seven, testing: and (4) testing the germination index of the seeds, selecting Chinese cabbage seeds for testing, wherein the germination index is more than 130%.

Example 3:

the organic fertilizer is applied to the cultivation of the Chinese cabbages, the growth vigor of the Chinese cabbages is not obviously different under the condition of completely replacing chemical fertilizers, but the Chinese cabbages cultivated by the organic fertilizer are healthier, have better mouthfeel and better meet the standard of green vegetables.

Other contents of this embodiment can refer to the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.