1. A pneumatic driving marine fish tail rudder is characterized by comprising a rudder blade (1), a first tail plate (2) and a second tail plate (3);

the rudder blade (1) comprises a first rudder surface (11) and a second rudder surface (12), the first tail plate (2) is hinged to the first rudder surface (11), and the second tail plate (3) is hinged to the second rudder surface (12);

the rudder blade (1) is internally provided with a pressure driving system (4), and the pressure driving system (4) is used for driving the first tail plate (2) and the second tail plate (3) to rotate, so that the tail edge of the first tail plate (2) and the tail edge of the second tail plate (3) are close to or far away from the tail edge of the rudder blade (1).

2. A pneumatically driven marine fish tail rudder according to claim 1, characterized in that the first rudder surface (11) is provided with a first tail plate slot (13), the leading edge of the first tail plate (2) is hinged in the first tail plate slot (13), and when the trailing edge of the first tail plate (2) coincides with the trailing edge of the rudder blade (1), the side of the first tail plate (2) is smoothly connected with the first rudder surface (11);

the second control surface (11) is provided with a second tail plate groove (14), the front edge of the second tail plate (2) is hinged in the second tail plate groove (14), and when the tail edge of the second tail plate (2) is overlapped with the tail edge of the control blade (1), the side surface of the second tail plate (2) is smoothly connected with the second control surface (11).

3. A pneumatic marine fish tail rudder according to claim 2, wherein the front edge of the first tail plate (2) is provided with a first rotating shaft (15), the front edge of the second tail plate (3) is provided with a second rotating shaft (16), the first rotating shaft (15) and the second rotating shaft (16) are provided with cylindrical pins (17) at two ends, the first tail plate groove (13) and the second tail plate groove (14) are provided with pin holes (18), the cylindrical pins (17) are inserted into the pin holes (18), and first gear teeth (19) on the first rotating shaft (15) are engaged with second gear teeth (20) on the second rotating shaft (16).

4. A pneumatically driven marine fish tail rudder according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure drive system (4) comprises a pneumatic pump (41), a pneumatic tube (42) and a pneumatic chamber (43), the pneumatic chamber (43) being in communication with the pneumatic pump (41) through the pneumatic tube (42);

a driving part (5) is arranged on the first tail plate (2), the driving part (5) comprises a supporting body (51) and an end plate (52), the end plate (52) is arranged in the air pressure cavity (43), one end of the supporting body (51) is connected with the end plate (52), and the other end of the supporting body extends out of the air pressure cavity (43) and is connected with the first tail plate (2);

the driving piece (5) is arranged on the second tail plate (3).

5. A pneumatically driven marine fin according to claim 4, wherein a spacer (44) is provided in said pneumatic chamber (43), said spacer (44) having an arcuate surface along which said end plate (52) moves.

6. A pneumatically driven marine fish rudder as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the drive member further comprises a swivel arm (53), the swivel arm (53) being connected at one end to the support body (51) and at the other end to the first swivel axis (16).

7. A pneumatically driven marine fish tail rudder according to claim 6, wherein the rudder blade (1) is provided with a communication hole (6), and the driving member (5) passes through the communication hole (6).

Background

The ship mainly realizes course stability and turning performance by installing the rudder at the stern, and the performance of the rudder has obvious influence on the ship maneuverability. In order to improve the rudder effect, a series of special rudder models are proposed successively, wherein the rudder effect of the fishtail rudder is particularly outstanding. The section of the fish tail rudder is shaped like a flatly placed fish, and the appearance of the fish tail rudder is provided with a fish-shaped tail sealing plate more than that of a streamline rudder.

When the fishtail rudder is in a steering state, the water pressure of the upstream surface at the rear part of the rudder blade is increased, and the steering effect is obviously improved, but the water resistance of the fishtail rudder is also obviously increased in a straight voyage or reversing state, so that the straight voyage or reversing performance is obviously reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pneumatic driving marine fish tail rudder, which aims to overcome the technical problem.

A pneumatic driving marine fish tail rudder comprises a rudder blade, a first tail plate and a second tail plate;

the rudder blade comprises a first rudder surface and a second rudder surface, the first tail plate is hinged to the first rudder surface, and the second tail plate is hinged to the second rudder surface;

and a pressure driving system is arranged in the rudder blade and is used for driving the first tail plate and the second tail plate to rotate so as to enable the tail edge of the first tail plate and the tail edge of the second tail plate to be close to or far away from the tail edge of the rudder blade.

Further, the first control surface is provided with a first tail plate groove, the front edge of the first tail plate is hinged in the first tail plate groove, and when the tail edge of the first tail plate is overlapped with the tail edge of the control blade, the side surface of the first tail plate is smoothly connected with the first control surface;

the second control surface is provided with a second tail plate groove, the front edge of the second tail plate is hinged in the second tail plate groove, and when the tail edge of the second tail plate is overlapped with the tail edge of the control blade, the side surface of the second tail plate is smoothly connected with the second control surface.

Furthermore, a first rotating shaft is arranged at the front edge of the first tail plate, a second rotating shaft is arranged at the front edge of the second tail plate, cylindrical pins are arranged at two ends of the first rotating shaft and two ends of the second rotating shaft, pin holes are formed in the first tail plate groove and the second tail plate groove, the cylindrical pins are inserted into the pin holes, and first gear teeth on the first rotating shaft are meshed with second gear teeth on the second rotating shaft.

Further, the pressure driving system comprises a pneumatic pump, a pneumatic tube and a pneumatic cavity, and the pneumatic cavity is communicated with the pneumatic pump through the pneumatic tube;

the first tail plate is provided with a driving piece, the driving piece comprises a supporting body and an end plate, the end plate is arranged in the air pressure cavity, one end of the supporting body is connected with the end plate, and the other end of the supporting body extends out of the air pressure cavity and is connected with the first tail plate;

the driving piece is arranged on the second tail plate.

Furthermore, a separating block is arranged in the air pressure cavity, the separating block is provided with an arc-shaped surface, and the end plate moves along the arc-shaped surface.

Further, the driving piece further comprises a rotating arm, one end of the rotating arm is connected with the supporting body, and the other end of the rotating arm is connected with the first rotating shaft

Furthermore, a communication hole is formed in the rudder blade, and the driving piece penetrates through the communication hole.

The invention discloses a pneumatic driving marine fish tail rudder, which is characterized in that two rudder surfaces at the tail part of the rudder are respectively provided with a tail plate, the tail plates are rotated through a pressure driving system, the tail plates are opened during steering to form a rudder type of the fish tail rudder, higher steering effect is obtained, and the tail plates are closed during straight sailing or backing, to form a rudder type of a streamline rudder, so that the resistance of the rudder is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic marine fishtail rudder according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a pneumatic marine fishtail rudder according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rudder blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first tailgate and a second tailgate disclosed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure driving system according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a closed state of a tail plate of a pneumatic-driven marine fishtail rudder according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an expanded state of a stern rudder tail plate for a pneumatically driven ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a first tailgate according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of flow field distribution and hydrodynamic force of a pneumatically driven marine fish tail rudder in a steering state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of flow field distribution and hydrodynamic force of a pneumatic-driven marine fishtail rudder in a straight-ahead state according to an embodiment of the invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

1. a rudder blade; 11. a first control surface; 12. a second control surface; 13. a first tailgate slot; 14. a second tailgate slot; 15. a first rotating shaft; 16. a second rotation shaft; 17. a cylindrical pin; 18. a pin hole; 19. a first gear tooth; 20. a second gear tooth; 2. a first tail plate; 3. a second tailgate; 4. a pressure driven system; 41. a pneumatic pump; 42. a pneumatic tube; 43. a pneumatic chamber; 44. a separation block; 5. a drive member; 51. a support body; 52. an end plate; 53. a rotating arm; 6. and a communicating hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pneumatic driving marine fish tail rudder comprises a rudder blade 1, a first tail plate 2 and a second tail plate 3;

the rudder blade 1 comprises a first rudder surface 11 and a second rudder surface 12, the first tail plate 2 is hinged to the first rudder surface 11, and the second tail plate 3 is hinged to the second rudder surface 12;

a pressure driving system 4 is arranged in the rudder blade 1, and the pressure driving system 4 is used for driving the first tail plate 2 and the second tail plate 3 to rotate, so that the tail edge of the first tail plate 2 and the tail edge of the second tail plate 3 are close to or far away from the tail edge of the rudder blade 1.

In this embodiment, the two control surfaces at the tail of the rudder are respectively provided with the tail plate, the tail plates are rotated through the pressure driving system 4, when the rudder is steered, the tail plates are opened to form a rudder type of a fishtail rudder, so that a higher rudder effect is obtained, and when the rudder is straightly navigated or backed, the tail plates are closed to form a rudder type of a streamline rudder, so that the resistance of the rudder is reduced.

Specifically, the first control surface 11 is provided with a first tail plate groove 13, the front edge of the first tail plate 2 is hinged in the first tail plate groove 13, and when the tail edge of the first tail plate 2 is overlapped with the tail edge of the control blade 1, the side surface of the first tail plate 2 is smoothly connected with the first control surface 11;

the second control surface 11 is provided with a second tail plate groove 14, the front edge of the second tail plate 2 is hinged in the second tail plate groove 14, and when the tail edge of the second tail plate 2 is overlapped with the tail edge of the control blade 1, the side surface of the second tail plate 2 is smoothly connected with the second control surface 11.

First tailboard groove 13 and second tailboard groove 14 are seted up in the rudder blade afterbody to from rudder blade leading edge to the trailing edge grow shallow gradually, first tailboard 2 and second tailboard 3 follow the leading edge to the trailing edge taper down gradually, first tailboard suits with first tailboard groove shape, the second tailboard suits with second tailboard groove shape, first tailboard and second tailboard are under the merge state, imbed completely just in first tailboard groove and the second tailboard groove, make the rudder blade be the rudder type of streamlined rudder.

As shown in fig. 3-5 and 9, a first rotating shaft 15 is provided at the front edge of the first tail plate 2, a second rotating shaft 16 is provided at the front edge of the second tail plate 3, cylindrical pins 17 are provided at both ends of the first rotating shaft 15 and the second rotating shaft 16, pin holes 18 are provided in the first tail plate groove 13 and the second tail plate groove 14, the cylindrical pins 17 are inserted into the pin holes 18, and first gear teeth 19 on the first rotating shaft 15 are engaged with second gear teeth 20 on the second rotating shaft 16.

The first tail plate 2 and the second tail plate 3 can synchronously rotate in opposite directions through the first gear teeth 19 and the second gear teeth 20, so that the rotation angles of the first tail plate 2 and the second tail plate 3 are the same.

The pressure drive system 4 may be a pneumatic drive system or a hydraulic drive system. As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the pressure driving system 4 is driven by air pressure, and includes an air pressure pump 41, an air pressure pipe 42 and an air pressure cavity 43, where the air pressure cavity 43 is communicated with the air pressure pump 41 through the air pressure pipe 42;

a driving part 5 is arranged on the first tail plate 2, the driving part 5 comprises a supporting body 51 and an end plate 52, the end plate 52 is arranged in the air pressure cavity 43, one end of the supporting body 51 is connected with the end plate 52, and the other end of the supporting body extends out of the air pressure cavity 43 and is connected with the first tail plate 2;

the driving piece 5 is arranged on the second tail plate 3. The drive 5 on the second tailgate 3 is arranged identically to the first tailgate 2.

The pneumatic pump 41 enters air into the pneumatic cavity 43 through the pneumatic tube 42 to increase the air pressure in the pneumatic cavity 43, the air pressure in the pneumatic cavity 43 is increased, the end plate 52 is driven to move in the direction away from the pneumatic pump 41, and meanwhile, the support body 51 drives the tail plate to rotate to open the tail plate; the pneumatic pump 41 reduces the air pressure in the pneumatic cavity 43 through the pneumatic tube 42, drives the end plate 52 to move towards the pneumatic pump, and simultaneously drives the tail plate to rotate through the support body, so that the tail plate is closed. The pneumatic pump is connected with the outside atmosphere through an air pipe and can also be connected with a compressed air source.

A separating block 44 is arranged in the air pressure chamber 43, the separating block 44 is provided with an arc-shaped surface, and the end plate 52 moves along the arc-shaped surface. One side of the end plate is attached to the arc-shaped surface and moves along the arc-shaped surface, so that the arc-shaped surface can be tightly connected with the air pressure cavity in the movement process, air pressure leakage is prevented, and the driving process of the end plate is influenced.

In this embodiment, the driving member further includes a rotating arm 53, one end of the rotating arm 53 is connected to the supporting body 51, and the other end is connected to the first rotating shaft 16. The rotating arm 53 increases the stability of the tail plate, and reduces the shaking and deformation of the tail plate caused by stress during steering, thereby improving the steering effect.

The rudder blade 1 is provided with a communicating hole 6, and the driving piece 5 penetrates through the communicating hole 6. The communicating hole 6 is provided with a rotating cavity for rotating the rotating arm, and the normal work of the driving piece 5 can not be influenced.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the rudder type of the tail plate is a fishtail rudder in the unfolded state, and the rudder type of the tail plate is a streamline rudder in the folded state.

As shown in fig. 10, when the rudder blade is in a steering state, the first tail plate 2 and the second tail plate 3 are driven by the pressure driving system 4 and the transmission gear system to open, the whole rudder section is fishtail-shaped, the fluid speed of the incident flow surface of the rudder blade 1 is effectively reduced, the corresponding pressure distribution is remarkably improved and is remarkably greater than the pressure of the back flow surface, so that the transverse force TY pointing to the starboard is remarkably increased, the turning moment of the ship turning to the left is further improved, and in addition, the longitudinal resistance RX and the TY are synchronously increased, and a remarkable braking effect is generated on the ship.

As shown in fig. 11, when there is no steering, the first tail plate 2 and the second tail plate 3 are in a closed state under the driving of the pressure driving system 4 and the transmission gear system, and the whole rudder blade 1 is in a streamline shape, so that the water resistance can be effectively reduced, and the straight sailing or reversing performance of the ship can be improved.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.