1. A guide device of an automatic coupler is characterized by comprising:

the first driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the guide rod (1) and can drive the guide rod (1) to extend out of the opening and closing mechanism or retract into the opening and closing mechanism;

and the second driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the locking rod (5) and can drive the locking rod (5) to lock the guide rod (1) when the guide rod (1) retracts into the opening and closing mechanism.

2. The guide assembly of an automatic coupler of claim 1, wherein the first and second actuating mechanisms are both pneumatic cylinders and the two pneumatic cylinders are perpendicular to each other.

3. The guide device of the automatic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rod (1) is provided with a through hole; when the guide rod (1) retracts into the opening and closing mechanism, the locking rod (5) extends into the through hole; preferably, a travel switch (9) is arranged on the guide rod (1).

4. The guide device of an automatic coupler according to claim 1, wherein the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and the opening and closing mechanism are all connected with an actuating mechanism; the actuator is in communication with a control unit; preferably, the control unit is electrically connected to the indicator.

5. The guide device of an automatic coupler according to claim 4, wherein the control unit is connected to the control switch by a hard wire; the control switch is installed in the cab.

6. A method of controlling a guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising: when the hatch door of the opening and closing mechanism is opened, the first driving mechanism drives the guide rod (1) to extend; when the cabin door of the opening and closing mechanism is closed, the first driving mechanism drives the guide rod (1) to retract into the cabin door, and the second driving mechanism drives the locking rod (5) to extend out, so that the locking rod (5) locks the guide rod (1).

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising: and acquiring a signal of the guide rod (1) extending to the right position or retracting to the right position, and feeding back the signal of the guide rod extending to the right position or retracting to an indicator.

8. The control method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by further comprising: when the hatch door of the opening and closing mechanism is opened/closed, the train runs at zero speed; when the guide rod (1) retracts, the coupler is disconnected.

9. An automatic coupler includes a body (10); characterized in that the body (10) is fixed with a guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A rail transit vehicle characterized in that an automatic coupler according to claim 9 is used.

Background

The automatic coupler is applied to a motor train unit and a high-speed rail, and the front end of the coupler is provided with a guide rod so as to increase the coupling range of the coupler. The bullet train and the high-speed rail generally have high speed, and an opening and closing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the bullet train and the high-speed rail to reduce wind resistance. The opening and closing mechanism is normally in a closed state, and an opening is usually required to avoid the guide rod, which is exposed outside the opening and closing mechanism (see fig. 1 and 2). Therefore, when the speed is high, the wind resistance is increased, the appearance is not attractive, and sundries are easy to enter. The guide rod is designed to be detachable in the prior art, the guide rod is detached at ordinary times, and the guide rod is installed when the guide rod is required to be hung continuously, so that the opening and closing mechanism does not need to be perforated to avoid the guide rod, the manual operation of getting off is required, the operation at the tunnel is inconvenient, and the continuous hanging efficiency is reduced.

The existing guide devices mainly comprise two types, one type is that an opening and closing mechanism is opened, a car coupler guide rod directly extends out, and when a vehicle needs to be linked for rescue, the opening and closing mechanism is directly opened and then the car coupler is linked. The problem of this kind of mode is, the hole and the guide bar of switching mechanism front end leak outward, influence the aerodynamic appearance of vehicle, have destroyed streamlined molding, under the background that EMUs speed improves, have increased the resistance. And the opening and closing mechanism is provided with a hole, foreign matters at the front end of the vehicle can directly enter the hole, the time is long, the increase of internal sundries is caused, and the foreign matters need to be cleaned in time.

The other mode is that the opening and closing mechanism is not provided with an opening, and the guide rod is taken down and placed in the cab. The problem of this kind of mode is, when meetting the vehicle and needing rescue and reconnection, need personnel to get off the bus, just can carry out the company and hang after installing the guide bar earlier. Under the present circumstances that extensively adopts intercity train, the tunnel is more, also has the circuit in full tunnel, and personnel get off and have the potential safety hazard, and efficiency is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the guide device and the control method of the automatic coupler, the coupler and the rail transit vehicle, so that the coupler is not required to be manually pulled off and coupled, and the coupling efficiency is improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a guide assembly for an automatic coupler, comprising:

the first driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the guide rod and can drive the guide rod to extend out of the opening and closing mechanism or retract into the opening and closing mechanism;

and the second driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the locking rod and can drive the locking rod to lock the guide rod when the guide rod retracts into the opening and closing mechanism.

The first driving mechanism can drive the guide rod to automatically stretch and retract, manual getting-off and connection are not needed, connection efficiency is improved, a hole is not needed to be formed in the opening and closing mechanism, and sundries can be prevented from entering the opening and closing mechanism. When the guide rod retracts, the guide rod is locked in the opening and closing mechanism by the locking rod, the attractive structure of the coupler is ensured, and the wind resistance cannot be increased.

In order to reduce the cost and facilitate the control, the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism are both cylinders, and the central lines of the two cylinders are vertical.

In order to further simplify the structure and facilitate the realization, the guide rod of the invention is provided with a through hole; when the guide rod retracts into the opening and closing mechanism, the locking rod extends into the through hole.

Be provided with travel switch on the guide bar, be convenient for monitor guide bar whether flexible target in place.

The first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism and the opening and closing mechanism are all connected with the executing mechanism; the actuator is in communication with the control unit. The automatic extension and retraction of the guide rod are convenient to realize.

The control unit is connected with the control switch through a hard wire; the control switch is installed in the cab. Is convenient for the driver to operate.

The control unit is connected with an indicator through a hard wire or a communication cable, and the indicator can indicate the opening position (extending in position), the closing position (retracting in position), the opening and closing process and the fault state of the guide rod.

The invention also provides a control method of the guide device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the hatch door of the opening and closing mechanism is opened, the first driving mechanism drives the guide rod to extend out; when the cabin door of the opening and closing mechanism is closed, the first driving mechanism drives the guide rod to retract into the cabin door, and the second driving mechanism drives the locking rod to extend out, so that the locking rod locks the guide rod.

The method of the present invention further comprises: and acquiring a signal of the guide rod extending out of position or retracting back to position, and feeding back the signal of the guide rod extending out of position or retracting back to the indicator. The operating state of the guiding device is convenient to indicate.

The invention also provides an automatic coupler, which comprises a body; the body is fixed with the guide device.

The invention further provides a rail transit vehicle which adopts the automatic coupler.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can control the extension of the guide rod on the vehicle by a driver, when the guide rod is required to be hung in a connecting way, the opening and closing mechanism is firstly opened by the control device, and then the guide rod is extended out, so that the vehicle can be directly hung in a connecting way without getting off by personnel. After the connection and the disconnection, when the disconnection and the knitting are needed, the control device firstly retracts the guide rod and then closes the opening and closing mechanism. The opening and closing mechanism matched with the opening and closing mechanism does not need to be provided with holes, the exterior streamline appearance is kept, the resistance is reduced, sundries are prevented from entering the inside of the opening and closing mechanism, and meanwhile, the attractiveness is improved. When the vehicle needs to be subjected to coupled rescue, the guide rod can be controlled to extend out from the position of a driver, the coupling range of the vehicle coupler is improved, the operation of getting off the vehicle is avoided, and the coupling efficiency of the vehicle is improved.

The invention can increase the coupling range of the car coupler by actively controlling the extension and retraction of the guide rod by a driver. The guide rod is contracted into the car coupler at ordinary times, and the opening and closing mechanism does not need to be provided with a hole. If the vehicle needs to be linked, a driver can control the guide rod to automatically extend out in the cab without falling onto the track, the linking range of the car coupler is enlarged, and the linking efficiency of the vehicle is improved. Meanwhile, the logical association control of the opening and closing mechanism and the stretching of the car coupler guide rod needs to be set, so that the phenomenon of interference between the opening and closing mechanism and the car coupler guide rod is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art guide device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the opening and closing mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an extended state of a guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a retracted state of the guiding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a control schematic of the present invention;

fig. 6 is an electrical schematic of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the pushing cylinder 8 of the embodiment of the present invention is responsible for pushing the guide rod, when the guide rod 1 retracts, the locking cylinder 4 extends out of the locking rod 5 to lock the guide rod 1, the guide rod 1 is provided with a guide hole, and the locking rod 5 extends into the guide hole to lock the guide rod 1. The extended state of the telescopic guide is shown in fig. 3 and the retracted state of the telescopic guide is shown in fig. 4.

In order to complete the telescopic motion of the guide rod, the telescopic guide device comprises the following parts: the device comprises a guide rod 1, a first air path 2, a second air path 3, a locking cylinder 4, a locking rod 5, a third air path 6, a fourth air path 7, a pushing cylinder 8 and a travel switch 9 (the travel switch 9 comprises a car coupler travel switch arranged on a car coupler, a switching mechanism travel switch arranged on a car door of the switching mechanism and a guide rod travel switch arranged on the guide rod). The guide rod 1 is coupled with a piston rod of the pushing cylinder 8, and the locking rod 5 is coupled with a piston rod of the locking cylinder 4.

When the telescopic guide device is in a contraction state, the locking cylinder 4 extends out of the locking rod 2, the locking rod 5 extends into the guide hole to lock the guide rod 1, and the guide rod 1 is prevented from automatically extending out. When the guide rod 1 is in an extending state, the locking cylinder 4 retracts the locking rod 2, and the vehicle continuously supplies air to the pushing cylinder 8 to prevent the guide rod 1 from automatically retracting.

If the telescopic guide device is required to be converted from a contraction state (figure 4) to an extension state (figure 3), the air supply of the locking cylinder 4 is changed from the second air path 3 to the first air path 2, so that the locking rod 2 is retracted, unlocking is completed, then the air supply of the pushing cylinder 8 is changed from the third air path 6 to the fourth air path 7, and the guide rod 1 is pushed out.

The control mechanism of the invention is used for executing a strategy for controlling the actions of the telescopic guide device and the opening and closing mechanism. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the structure thereof includes: control unit, indicator, actuating mechanism, control switch.

A control unit: for receiving control command, judging the opening and closing of the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the extending and contracting state of the guide rod 1, and controlling the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide device to open or close according to a certain sequence: when the door is opened, the opening and closing mechanism 11 opens the door first, and the guide rod 1 extends to the right position again; when the door is closed, the guide rod 1 is firstly retracted, and then the door of the opening and closing mechanism 11 is closed. And the states of in-place opening and in-place closing are collected and fed back to the indicator.

An indicator: and receiving the state information of the control unit, and displaying the opening and closing position, the opening and closing process and the fault state of the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide device. The indicator can be integrated with other displays for display, and a separate indicator light or an integrated indicator light can be adopted. Referring to fig. 6, the indicator of the present invention includes an on/off indicator, a malfunction warning lamp during the on/off process, and a good indicator.

An executing mechanism: for performing opening/closing operations of the coupler, the opening/closing mechanism 11, and the guide, and feeding back a state of being closed or opened to a proper position. After the guiding device receives an opening instruction, the locking cylinder 4 controls the locking rod 5 to unlock, and then the pushing cylinder 8 controls the guiding rod 1 to push out; after the guiding device receives a closing instruction, the pushing cylinder 8 controls the guide rod to contract, and then the locking cylinder 4 controls the locking rod 5 to extend out to lock the guide rod 1. As shown in fig. 6, the actuator of the present invention includes a push solenoid valve, a lock solenoid valve, an opening/closing mechanism actuator, and a coupler actuator. The gas pushing electromagnetic valve controls gas to flow to the pushing cylinder 8 and is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the guide rod; the locking solenoid valve controls the gas flow to the locking cylinder 4 and is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the locking rod, and the locking guide rod cannot extend when the locking rod extends; the locking rod retracts, then the locking rod is unlocked, and the pushing air cylinder can control the guide rod to extend and retract.

Controlling a switch: for issuing opening and closing commands of the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide. The device is arranged in a place which is easy to operate by a driver, such as a cab console or a screen cabinet, or other places which are convenient to operate. The control switch form can be set as a hard button/switch and can also be set as a soft button/switch.

The opening and closing control strategy of the telescopic guide device and the opening and closing mechanism is as follows:

1) opening control: when the vehicle is static, the control switch is operated to send out an opening command of the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide device, the control unit firstly controls the opening and closing mechanism 11 to be opened, after the opening and closing mechanism 11 is opened in place, the control unit controls the air supply of the air passage of the vehicle from the air passage 1 (sequence 2), the locking cylinder 4 contracts the locking rod 5, and the guide rod 1 completes unlocking. Then the control unit controls the air supply of the vehicle air passage from the fourth air passage 7, and the pushing cylinder 8 pushes out the guide rod 1 to complete the opening action of the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide device.

In the opening process of the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide device, an indicator is lightened to warn a driver. After the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide device are opened in place, the open-in-place/closed-in-place indicator is lighted.

2) Closing control: when the vehicle is static, the control button/switch is operated to send a closing command of the opening and closing mechanism and the guide rod, the control unit judges that the uncoupling of the car coupler is completed firstly, and then the guide rod is controlled to be automatically closed: the control unit controls the air path to intake air from the third air path 6, the pushing air cylinder 8 drives the guide rod 1 to contract, and the control unit controls the vehicle air path to intake air from the second air path 3, pushes the locking rod 5 out, and extends into the guide hole of the guide rod 1, so that the guide rod 1 is locked. When the guide device is closed in place, the control unit controls the opening and closing mechanism to be automatically closed. The closing operation of the opening/closing mechanism 11 and the guide is completed.

The opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide device are turned off, and a fault warning lamp is turned on in the opening and closing process to warn a driver. After the opening/closing mechanism 11 and the guide are closed in place, an open/close in place indicator is turned on (step 202).

3) Control during operation: in the operation process, an operation switch (an opening and closing mechanism control switch) sends an opening/closing command of the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide rod 1, and the control unit receives the control command, judges the vehicle speed and controls the opening and closing mechanism 11 and the guide rod 1 to keep the current state and not to act.

4) Status and fault indication: the control unit receives the state feedback in real time and transmits the state information to the indicator. When the opening and closing mechanism is in the motion process or is in fault, the warning indicator is lightened.

When the vehicle is hung, the control unit controls the opening and closing mechanism to be opened firstly and then opens the guide rod 1, so that the condition that the guide rod 1 extends firstly under the condition that the opening and closing mechanism 11 is not opened is avoided, and the mutual interference between the opening and closing mechanism and the guide rod is prevented. After the vehicle is unhooked, the control unit controls the telescopic guide device to be closed firstly, and then controls the opening and closing mechanism 11 to be closed, so that the condition that the guide rod 1 is not contracted is avoided, and the opening and closing mechanism 11 is closed firstly to cause interference.

When the guide rod 1 extends, the vehicle keeps supplying air, and the guide rod 1 is kept in the extending state until the coupler is normally coupled. When the guide bar 1 is contracted, the locking rod 5 extends to fix the guide bar 1, and the guide bar 1 is in a locked state.

As shown in fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, the logic-related control process of opening and closing the opening and closing mechanism and extending and retracting the coupler guide bar includes:

control of closing of the opening and closing mechanism: before the cabin door of the opening and closing mechanism is closed, the zero speed of the train needs to be judged, and the guide rod retracts;

control of opening of the opening and closing mechanism: before the opening and closing mechanism cabin door is opened, the zero speed of the train needs to be judged and an opening instruction of the opening and closing mechanism cabin door is received;

control of the extension of the guide rod: before the guide rod extends out, the zero speed of the train needs to be judged, and the cabin door of the opening and closing mechanism is opened;

control of the retraction of the guide bar: before the guide rod retracts, the zero speed of the train needs to be judged, the car coupler is disconnected, and a command of closing a cabin door of the opening and closing mechanism is received;

and (3) controlling the disconnection of the coupler: before the car coupler is disconnected, the zero speed needs to be judged and a car coupler disconnection (uncoupling) instruction is received;

controlling coupling of the car coupler: before the coupler is coupled, the zero speed needs to be judged and the opening and closing mechanism cabin door is opened.

Another embodiment of the present invention further provides an automatic coupler, including a body 10; both cylinders of the guide are fixed to the body 10.