1. A manufacturing method of a composite material pressure vessel comprises a lining, a fiber winding composite material layer and a medium inlet and a medium outlet, wherein the medium inlet and the medium outlet are communicated with the inside and the outside of the composite material pressure vessel, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, manufacturing the inner liner by using a metal material or a non-metal material, and laying a bonding layer on the outer surface of the metal inner liner;

s2, alternately covering the fiber winding composite material layer and a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film for at least two times of circulation to form the fiber winding composite material layer in a continuous winding manner;

step S3, laying an adhesive layer on the outer surface of the lining, and preparing a fiber winding composite material layer on the outer surface of the lining on which the adhesive layer is laid by adopting a wet winding method;

s4, paving a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film layer between the lining and the fiber winding composite material layer;

s5, manufacturing a composite structure layer formed by alternately covering a fiber winding composite material layer and a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film on the polymer adhesive film layer, and layering and curing the composite structure layer;

and step S6, co-curing the bonding layer and the fiber winding composite material layer.

2. The method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inside lining is spherical, cylindricality or annular, the material of polymer glued membrane sets up to epoxy, and the thickness of polymer glued membrane is 0.1 ~ 2.0 mm.

3. The method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the filament wound composite layer is provided in a plurality of layers.

4. The method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the fiber winding composite material layer is formed by alternately winding the fiber composite material on the inner liner in a continuous longitudinal direction and a circumferential direction.

5. A method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the continuous winding mode of the fiber winding composite material layer is that the fiber winding composite material layer is wound in a circumferential direction and a longitudinal direction alternately.

6. The method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the adhesive layer is in the shape of a solid adhesive film, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.15-0.3 mm, the two surfaces of the adhesive layer are separated by anti-sticking isolation paper before being laid, and the adhesive layer is stored at a low temperature below-18 ℃.

7. The method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 6, wherein: cutting the bonding layer according to the size of the outer surface of the metal lining, cutting the cylinder section into a rectangle, and cutting the spherical end socket and the ellipsoidal end socket into petal shapes; removing the anti-sticking isolation paper on one side of the bonding layer, paving the bonding layer on the outer surface of the metal lining subjected to surface treatment, and removing the wrapped bubbles by using a scraper in the paving and pasting process; if the bonding layer is not firmly bonded with the outer surface of the metal lining, the electric air blower is used for heating and bonding the metal lining; after the bonding layer is pasted firmly, the anti-sticking isolation paper on the other side of the bonding layer is removed.

8. The method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the curing temperature of the bonding layer is 100-130 ℃.

9. The method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S6, the wound composite pressure vessel is cured, and the curing step includes: firstly, curing for three hours at the temperature of 60 ℃; then cured at a temperature of 90 ℃ for three hours and finally at a temperature of 140 ℃ for four hours.

10. The method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the tensile shear strength of the bonding layer after curing is more than or equal to 25MPa, the 90-degree peel strength is more than or equal to 6.0N/mm, the resistance value is more than or equal to 20 MOmega, and the applicable use temperature range is-50-60 ℃.

Background

The composite material pressure container has the advantages of light weight, good corrosion resistance, strong designability, no generation of destructive fragments in failure and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, ships, automobiles, emergency rescue and lifesaving, medical health and the like.

The pressure container formed by fiber winding composite material is produced through the technological process of longitudinal and circumferential alternate continuous winding of fiber material soaked in resin on the lining, and curing to form. The liner is arranged to act as a mandrel and a carcass during the winding process. The composite material layer of the outer layer is a main bearing layer of the internal pressure load, and is formed by alternately winding continuous fibers in the longitudinal direction or the circumferential direction and becomes a multi-layer anisotropic structure after being cured. Therefore, the interlaminar behavior of the composite layer is critical to its overall performance. As early as the 40's of the 20 th century, composite pressure vessels were first used on U.S. military aircraft; subsequently, a great deal of research and development work is carried out on the composite material pressure vessel by a plurality of manufacturing companies at home and abroad, and the technical problem of designing and manufacturing the composite material pressure vessel is well solved. However, with the improvement of the working pressure and the use requirement of the pressure vessel, the overall performance of the composite material layer is difficult to be exerted by the current design and manufacturing method, and the fiber is formed by alternately winding in the longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction, so that the interlayer effect and the layer-to-layer synergistic effect are poor, and the finished product of the pressure vessel has low compressive strength, poor fatigue resistance and poor bursting resistance, and cannot meet the technical requirement of high pressure resistance of the advanced composite material pressure vessel.

However, with the improvement of the working pressure and the use requirement of the pressure vessel, the overall performance of the composite material layer is difficult to be exerted by the existing design and manufacturing method, and the fiber is formed by winding in the longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction alternately, so that the interlayer effect and the layer-to-layer synergistic effect are poor, and the finished product of the pressure vessel has low compressive strength, poor fatigue resistance and poor bursting resistance, and cannot meet the technical requirement of advanced high pressure resistance of the composite material pressure vessel, so that the manufacturing method of the composite material pressure vessel is required to be provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a manufacturing method of a composite material pressure vessel, which can obviously improve the interlaminar effect of a fiber winding composite material by adopting a mode of paving a deformation coordination layer between composite material layers, can effectively improve the fatigue resistance and the explosion resistance of the pressure vessel, and simultaneously protects a metal lining from the danger of electrochemical corrosion.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a manufacturing method of a composite material pressure vessel comprises a lining, a fiber winding composite material layer and a medium inlet and outlet, wherein the medium inlet and outlet are communicated with the inside and the outside of the composite material pressure vessel, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

step S1, manufacturing the inner liner by using a metal material or a non-metal material, and laying a bonding layer on the outer surface of the metal inner liner;

s2, alternately covering the fiber winding composite material layer and a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film for at least two times of circulation to form the fiber winding composite material layer in a continuous winding manner;

step S3, laying an adhesive layer on the outer surface of the lining, and preparing a fiber winding composite material layer on the outer surface of the lining on which the adhesive layer is laid by adopting a wet winding method;

s4, paving a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film layer between the lining and the fiber winding composite material layer;

s5, manufacturing a composite structure layer formed by alternately covering a fiber winding composite material layer and a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film on the polymer adhesive film layer, and layering and curing the composite structure layer;

and step S6, co-curing the bonding layer and the fiber winding composite material layer.

Preferably, the inside lining is spherical, cylindricality or annular, the material of polymer glued membrane sets up to epoxy, and the thickness of polymer glued membrane is 0.1 ~ 2.0 mm.

Preferably, in step S2, the filament wound composite layer is provided in multiple layers.

Preferably, the fiber-wound composite material layer is formed by alternately winding the fiber composite material on the inner liner in a continuous longitudinal direction and a circumferential direction.

Preferably, the continuous winding mode of the fiber winding composite material layer is hoop winding and longitudinal winding alternately.

Preferably, in step S2, the adhesive layer is in the form of a solid adhesive film, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.15-0.3 mm, and the two surfaces of the adhesive layer are separated by anti-sticking release paper before application, and the adhesive layer is stored at a low temperature below-18 ℃.

Preferably, the bonding layer is cut according to the size of the outer surface of the metal lining, the cylinder section is cut into a rectangle, and the spherical end socket and the ellipsoidal end socket are cut into petal shapes; removing the anti-sticking isolation paper on one side of the bonding layer, paving the bonding layer on the outer surface of the metal lining subjected to surface treatment, and removing the wrapped bubbles by using a scraper in the paving and pasting process; if the bonding layer is not firmly bonded with the outer surface of the metal lining, the electric air blower is used for heating and bonding the metal lining; after the bonding layer is pasted firmly, the anti-sticking isolation paper on the other side of the bonding layer is removed.

Preferably, the curing temperature of the bonding layer is 100 ℃ to 130 ℃.

Preferably, in step S6, the wound composite pressure vessel is cured, and the curing step includes: firstly, curing for three hours at the temperature of 60 ℃; then cured at a temperature of 90 ℃ for three hours and finally at a temperature of 140 ℃ for four hours.

Preferably, the tensile shear strength of the bonding layer after curing is more than or equal to 25MPa, the 90-degree peel strength is more than or equal to 6.0N/mm, the resistance value is more than or equal to 20 MOmega, and the applicable use temperature range is-50-60 ℃.

The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the composite material pressure container provided by the invention has the following steps: the fiber winding composite material pressure container comprises a metal lining, a composite material layer and a deformation coordination layer, wherein the deformation coordination layer is paved by a polymer adhesive film, the composite material layer is formed by winding fibers, and the composite material layer formed by winding the fibers and the deformation coordination layer are combined to organically bond a plurality of layers of anisotropic structures into a whole. Therefore, the synergistic effect of each layer of the composite material can be exerted to the maximum extent, the stress-strain transfer efficiency between the layers of the composite material is obviously improved, and the influence of negative effects is reduced;

because the electrode potentials of the high-performance composite material and the metal lining have certain difference, if the container works in a humid environment, the danger that the metal lining is corroded electrochemically exists, the metal lining can be prevented from being corroded electrochemically by adding the deformation coordination layer between the adjacent layers of the metal lining and the composite material, the bonding effect of the metal lining and the composite material can be improved, the stress state of the metal lining is improved, and the overall performance of the pressure container, such as the gas cylinder, is improved; the mode of spreading the deformation coordination layer between the layers of the composite material is adopted, the interlaminar effect of the fiber winding composite material can be obviously improved, the fatigue resistance and the anti-explosion performance of the pressure container can be effectively improved, and the metal lining is protected from the danger of electrochemical corrosion.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a method flow diagram of a method of manufacturing a composite pressure vessel of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

A manufacturing method of a composite material pressure vessel comprises a lining, a fiber winding composite material layer and a medium inlet and outlet, wherein the medium inlet and outlet are communicated with the inside and the outside of the composite material pressure vessel, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

step S1, manufacturing the inner liner by using a metal material or a non-metal material, and laying a bonding layer on the outer surface of the metal inner liner;

s2, alternately covering the fiber winding composite material layer and a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film for at least two times of circulation to form the fiber winding composite material layer in a continuous winding manner;

step S3, laying an adhesive layer on the outer surface of the lining, and preparing a fiber winding composite material layer on the outer surface of the lining on which the adhesive layer is laid by adopting a wet winding method;

s4, paving a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film layer between the lining and the fiber winding composite material layer;

s5, manufacturing a composite structure layer formed by alternately covering a fiber winding composite material layer and a deformation coordination layer formed by a polymer adhesive film on the polymer adhesive film layer, and layering and curing the composite structure layer;

and step S6, co-curing the bonding layer and the fiber winding composite material layer.

The lining is spherical, cylindrical or annular, the material of the polymer adhesive film is epoxy resin, and the thickness of the polymer adhesive film is 0.1-2.0 mm; in step S2, the filament wound composite layer is provided in multiple layers; the fiber winding composite material layer is formed by alternately winding fiber composite materials on the inner liner in a continuous longitudinal direction and a circumferential direction; the continuous winding mode of the fiber winding composite material layer is annular and longitudinal alternate winding; in step S2, the adhesive layer is in the shape of a solid adhesive film, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.15-0.3 mm, the two surfaces of the adhesive layer are separated by anti-sticking isolation paper before being laid, and the adhesive layer is stored at a low temperature below-18 ℃.

Cutting the bonding layer according to the size of the outer surface of the metal lining, cutting the cylinder section into a rectangle, and cutting the spherical end socket and the ellipsoidal end socket into petal shapes; removing the anti-sticking isolation paper on one side of the bonding layer, paving the bonding layer on the outer surface of the metal lining subjected to surface treatment, and removing the wrapped bubbles by using a scraper in the paving and pasting process; if the bonding layer is not firmly bonded with the outer surface of the metal lining, the electric air blower is used for heating and bonding the metal lining; after the bonding layer is pasted firmly, the anti-sticking isolation paper on the other side of the bonding layer is removed; the curing temperature of the bonding layer is 100-130 ℃.

In step S6, the wound composite pressure vessel is cured, and the curing step includes: firstly, curing for three hours at the temperature of 60 ℃; then curing for three hours at a temperature of 90 ℃ and finally curing for four hours at a temperature of 140 ℃;

the tensile shear strength of the bonding layer after curing is more than or equal to 25MPa, the 90-degree peel strength is more than or equal to 6.0N/mm, the resistance value is more than or equal to 20 MOmega, and the applicable use temperature range is-50-60 ℃.

The fiber winding composite material pressure container is composed of a metal lining, a composite material layer and a deformation coordination layer, wherein the deformation coordination layer is paved by a polymer adhesive film, the composite material layer is formed by fiber winding, and the composite material layer formed by the fiber winding and the deformation coordination layer are combined to organically bond a plurality of layers of anisotropic structures into a whole. Therefore, the synergistic effect of each layer of the composite material can be exerted to the maximum extent, the stress-strain transfer efficiency between the layers of the composite material is obviously improved, and the influence of negative effects is reduced; because the electrode potentials of the high-performance composite material and the metal lining have certain difference, if the container works in a humid environment, the danger that the metal lining is corroded electrochemically exists, the metal lining can be prevented from being corroded electrochemically by adding the deformation coordination layer between the adjacent layers of the metal lining and the composite material, the bonding effect of the metal lining and the composite material can be improved, the stress state of the metal lining is improved, and the overall performance of the pressure container, such as the gas cylinder, is improved; the mode of spreading the deformation coordination layer between the layers of the composite material is adopted, the interlaminar effect of the fiber winding composite material can be obviously improved, the fatigue resistance and the anti-explosion performance of the pressure container can be effectively improved, and the metal lining is protected from the danger of electrochemical corrosion.

A pressure vessel in which a tank liner (hereinafter also referred to as a liner) is reinforced with a fiber-reinforced composite material is used for a compressed natural gas or hydrogen gas tank mounted on a mobile body such as an automobile in view of its light weight. Examples of the reinforcing fibers used in the fiber-reinforced composite material include glass fibers and carbon fibers. Among these, carbon fibers have high strength per unit weight, and are effective for reducing the weight of a pressure vessel, and are particularly suitable for use in a hydrogen gas storage tank which requires higher pressure resistance than a compressed natural gas storage tank.

Pressure vessels using fiber reinforced composites (hereinafter also referred to as "composite reinforced pressure vessels") are generally manufactured by filament winding (hereinafter referred to as "FW") molding. FW molding is a molding method as follows: the matrix resin composition is cured after supplying the matrix resin composition to one or more reinforcing fiber bundles formed by doubling, impregnating the reinforcing fiber bundles with the matrix resin composition, winding the impregnated reinforcing fiber bundles around a mandrel such as a rotating liner at a predetermined tension and angle, and then curing the matrix resin composition. In many cases, the step of supplying the matrix resin composition to the reinforcing fiber bundles and impregnating the reinforcing fiber bundles with the matrix resin composition (impregnation step) is followed by the step of continuously winding the matrix resin composition around a mandrel such as a rotating liner (FW step).

In addition, instead of supplying the matrix resin composition to the reinforcing fiber bundles and impregnating the same with the reinforcing fiber bundles immediately before the FW step, a tow prepreg in which the reinforcing fiber bundles are impregnated with the matrix resin composition may be prepared in advance and used in the FW step. In this case, the tow prepreg is wound around a mandrel such as a rotating liner at a predetermined tension and angle.

In FW molding, the use of a pre-produced tow prepreg has various advantages. For example, if a tow prepreg is used, it is not necessary to handle the uncured matrix resin composition in the process of manufacturing the pressure vessel, and therefore the working environment can be improved. Further, since the impregnation step is not provided, the step speed of the FW step can be increased. Further, by using the tow prepreg in which the content of the matrix resin composition is controlled, a high-performance molded product can be stably obtained. The properties required for the tow prepreg include: sufficiently impregnating a predetermined amount of the matrix resin composition into the reinforcing fiber bundles; can be unwound at high speed from a state wound on a reel. In addition, it is also required that defects such as the filament prepreg being wound directly around the inner liner in a folded state in the FW process do not occur.

In addition, in the step of winding the tow prepreg around a mandrel such as a liner and then heating and curing the matrix resin composition contained in the tow prepreg, the matrix resin composition, which is heated and has a reduced viscosity, may flow out of the reinforcing fiber bundle due to gravity or the winding tension of the tow prepreg wound around the liner. As a result, the matrix resin composition in the tow prepreg is insufficient, a large number of voids are generated in the fiber-reinforced composite material, the appearance of the composite-material-reinforced pressure vessel is deteriorated, or the amount of the matrix resin composition in the fiber-reinforced composite material is changed, which may adversely affect the performance or quality of the obtained composite-material-reinforced pressure vessel. Therefore, in the step of heating and curing the matrix resin composition, it is also required that the viscosity of the matrix resin composition is not excessively lowered.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.