1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus of simulation mine ventilation tunnel heat and moisture evaporation which characterized in that: the system comprises an experimental roadway, an oblique flow type fan, a wetting component, a sensor component, a data acquisition component and a data storage component; the diagonal flow fan is arranged at an air inlet of the experimental tunnel; the wetting component is arranged in the experimental tunnel; the sensor assembly is installed inside the air inlet and the air outlet of the experimental tunnel, the sensor assembly is electrically connected with the data acquisition assembly, and the data acquisition assembly is electrically connected with the data storage assembly.

2. The experimental device for simulating the heat-moisture evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the experimental tunnel is a pipeline with a circular cross section, and the inclined-flow fan adopts a press-in ventilation mode at an air inlet of the experimental tunnel.

3. The experimental device for simulating the heat-moisture evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sprinkling assembly comprises four water mist spray pipes and four non-woven fabrics, the non-woven fabrics are fixedly attached to the inner surface of the experimental roadway, the four non-woven fabrics are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the experimental roadway along the circumferential direction, the four non-woven fabrics all penetrate through the experimental roadway along the axis direction, the coverage area of each non-woven fabric on the inner surface of the experimental roadway is equal, and the coverage area of each non-woven fabric on the inner surface of the experimental roadway accounts for 1/5 of the total area of the inner surface of the experimental roadway; when one non-woven fabric is completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.2; when the two non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.4; when the three non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.6; when the four non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.8; the water mist spray pipes are fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the experimental tunnel, the four water mist spray pipes completely penetrate through the experimental tunnel along the axis direction, a plurality of water mist spray holes are formed in each water mist spray pipe, and each water mist spray pipe corresponds to one non-woven fabric; a temperature-controllable water container is arranged outside the experimental roadway, and the four water mist spray pipes are communicated with the temperature-controllable water container.

4. The experimental device for simulating the heat-moisture evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway according to claim 3, characterized in that: the four non-woven fabrics are respectively marked as a first non-woven fabric, a second non-woven fabric, a third non-woven fabric and a fourth non-woven fabric; the four water mist spray pipes are respectively marked as a first water mist spray pipe, a second water mist spray pipe, a third water mist spray pipe and a fourth water mist spray pipe; the water mist spray holes in the first water mist spray pipe are in opposite contact with the highest point of the first nonwoven fabric, and the first nonwoven fabric is only wetted by the first water mist spray pipe; the water mist spray holes in the second water mist spray pipe are in opposite contact with the highest point of the second non-woven fabric, and the second non-woven fabric is only wetted by the second water mist spray pipe; the water mist spray holes in the third water mist spray pipe are in opposite contact with the highest point of the third non-woven fabric, and the third non-woven fabric is only wetted by the third water mist spray pipe; and the water mist spray holes in the fourth water mist spray pipe are in opposite contact with the highest point of the fourth non-woven fabric, and the fourth non-woven fabric is only wetted by the fourth water mist spray pipe.

5. The experimental device for simulating the heat-moisture evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the first water spray pipe is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container through a first water pipe, a first valve is arranged on the first water pipe, and the first water spray pipe is controlled to wet the first nonwoven fabric through opening and closing of the first valve; the second water spray pipe is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container through a second water pipe, a second valve is arranged on the second water pipe, and the second water spray pipe is controlled to wet the second non-woven fabric through opening and closing of the second valve; the third water spray pipe is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container through a third water pipe, a third valve is arranged on the third water pipe, and the third water spray pipe is controlled to wet a third non-woven fabric through opening and closing of the third valve; the fourth water spray pipe is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container through a fourth water pipe, a fourth valve is arranged on the fourth water pipe, and the fourth water spray pipe is controlled to wet a fourth non-woven fabric through opening and closing of the fourth valve.

6. The experimental device for simulating the heat-moisture evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sensor assembly comprises a first wind speed sensor, a first temperature and humidity sensor, a second wind speed sensor and a second temperature and humidity sensor; the first air speed sensor and the first temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in parallel in an air inlet of the experimental tunnel; the second wind speed sensor and the second temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in parallel inside an air outlet of the experimental tunnel; the first wind speed sensor, the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second wind speed sensor and the second temperature and humidity sensor are all connected into the data acquisition assembly through data transmission lines.

7. The experimental device for simulating the heat-moisture evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway according to claim 6, characterized in that: the data acquisition assembly comprises a wind speed acquisition module and a temperature and humidity acquisition module; the wind speed acquisition module comprises a wind speed signal conveyor, a wind speed signal data conversion card and a wind speed signal data transmission line, the signal output ends of the first wind speed sensor and the second wind speed sensor are connected with the signal input end of the wind speed signal conveyor, and the signal output end of the wind speed signal conveyor is connected with the data storage assembly sequentially through the wind speed signal data conversion card and the wind speed signal data transmission line; the temperature and humidity acquisition module comprises a temperature and humidity signal conveyor, a temperature and humidity signal data conversion card and a temperature and humidity signal data transmission line, the signal output ends of the first temperature and humidity sensor and the second temperature and humidity sensor are connected with the signal input end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor, and the signal output end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor is connected with the data storage assembly sequentially through the temperature and humidity signal data conversion card and the temperature and humidity signal data transmission line.

8. The experimental device for simulating the heat-moisture evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the data storage component comprises a data acquisition unit and a computer; the signal input end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the signal output end of the wind speed signal conveyor through a wind speed signal data transmission line and a wind speed signal data conversion card in sequence, and the signal input end of the data acquisition unit is also connected with the signal output end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor through a temperature and humidity signal data transmission line and a temperature and humidity signal data conversion card in sequence; the signal output end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the computer, a data acquisition program is installed in the computer, multi-path data acquisition is carried out through the data acquisition program, a data acquisition observation control interface is displayed on a display screen of the computer, and the data acquisition start-stop time and the data acquisition time interval of each data acquisition line are controlled through the data acquisition observation control interface.

9. An experimental method for simulating heat-moisture evaporation of a mine ventilation roadway, which is the experimental device for simulating heat-moisture evaporation of a mine ventilation roadway according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: starting the diagonal flow type fan, wherein the four water spray nozzles do not execute water spraying action, so that the four non-woven fabrics are all in a dry state, the wet area rate in the experimental tunnel is 0, then adjusting the wind speed in the experimental tunnel through the diagonal flow type fan, enabling the wind speed to change from low to high, measuring wind speed data by a first wind speed sensor and a second wind speed sensor, measuring temperature and humidity data of an air inlet of the experimental tunnel by a first temperature and humidity sensor, measuring temperature and humidity data of an air outlet of the experimental tunnel by a second temperature and humidity sensor, and finally storing the acquired data;

step two: starting a temperature adjusting function of the temperature controllable water container, adjusting the water temperature in the temperature controllable water container to a set value, then starting a first valve, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric by the first water mist spray pipe, and enabling the other three non-woven fabrics to be in a dry state without performing water spraying actions by the other three water mist spray pipes, wherein the wetting area ratio in the experimental roadway is 0.2, and then adjusting the wind speed according to the wind speed change rule in the first step until the data acquisition and storage are completed;

step three: air-drying the first non-woven fabric by using air current until the first non-woven fabric recovers the dry state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the temperature-controllable water container unchanged at a set value, then opening a first valve and a second valve, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric by using a first water spray pipe, completely wetting the second non-woven fabric by using a second water spray pipe, enabling the other two non-woven fabrics to be in the dry state without executing a water spraying action by using the other two water spray pipes, and adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data collection and storage are completed;

step four: air-drying the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric by using air current until the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are restored to a dry state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the temperature-controllable water container to be constant at a set value, then opening the first valve, the second valve and the third valve, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric by using the first water mist spray pipe, completely wetting the second non-woven fabric by using the second water mist spray pipe, completely wetting the third non-woven fabric by using the third water mist spray pipe, and enabling the fourth non-woven fabric to be in the dry state without performing water spraying action by using the fourth water mist spray pipe, wherein the wet area rate in the experimental roadway is 0.6 at the moment, and then adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data collection and storage are completed;

step five: air-drying the first non-woven fabric, the second non-woven fabric and the third non-woven fabric by using air current until the first non-woven fabric, the second non-woven fabric and the third non-woven fabric are restored to a dry state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the temperature-controllable water container to be a set value, then opening all four valves, completely wetting the four non-woven fabrics by four water mist spray pipes respectively, wherein the wetting area rate in the experimental roadway is 0.8, and then adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data acquisition and storage are completed;

step six: and recording all the stored data into a computer, and automatically generating a change curve of the temperature and the humidity in the experimental roadway along with the wind speed under different wetting area rates by the computer.

10. The experimental method for simulating the heat-moisture evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway as claimed in claim 9, wherein: in order to explore the influence of different humidity degrees on the temperature and the humidity of the air current in the wetting roadway, therefore, the wetting area rate is introduced, and the wetting area rate is the ratio of the water spraying area of the roadway surrounding rock with unit length to the total area of the roadway surrounding rock with unit length, namely:

wherein f is the wet area ratio, S_wThe water spraying area of the surrounding rock of the roadway with the unit length is S, and the total area of the surrounding rock of the roadway with the unit length is S;

because the roadway surrounding rock water spraying areas on the site are different, the moisture coefficient is introduced, namely:

in the formula, beta_wIs the coefficient of humidity, S_wThe unit length of the water spraying area of the surrounding rock of the roadway is shown, and U is the perimeter of the roadway;

the humidity coefficient of a roadway with unit length can be determined through observation, and if the wetting area rate of a mine complex system is difficult to determine, a wetting evaporation heat exchange adjustment coefficient is introduced;

for the wet roadway, the heat-moisture exchange of the wet roadway is comprehensively considered, the surrounding rock blocks the air flow heat transfer through the wet surrounding rock, and the heat exchange flow of the ventilation air flow of the generalized upper shaft roadway and the surrounding rock of the roadway can be calculated at the moment, specifically:

q＝β_f·α·(T_w-T_f)

β_f＝1-β_w

wherein q is a heat exchange flow rate, beta_fAdjusting coefficient for wet evaporation heat transfer, alpha is convective heat transfer coefficient, T_wTemperature of surrounding rock in tunnel, T_fIs windA stream temperature;

because tunnel moisture evaporation can directly lead to the relative humidity of wind current to increase, relative humidity is relevant with the water evaporation ability again simultaneously to decide tunnel country rock and wind current temperature variation, again because the moist degree of underworkings is difficult to quantify, but relative humidity direct measurement, consequently can construct the function model of relative humidity and drench evaporation heat transfer adjustment coefficient, promptly:

in the formula, beta_fThe coefficient is adjusted for the wet evaporation heat exchange,is relative humidity, C_fAdjusting the influence factor of the coefficient for heat exchange;

as the relative humidity of the wind flow increases, the water evaporation capacity gradually decreases, the effect on the heat exchange between the wind flow and the surrounding rock is reduced, and when the humidity reaches relative saturation, the surrounding rock will directly heat the wind flow.

Background

When the mine is mined into a deep part, the problem of high-temperature heat damage generally exists, and the calculation of the air flow temperature of the mine and the description and evaluation of the heat damage degree are very important to the ventilation management of a high-temperature high-humidity mine in order to improve the thermal environment of the mine. Because the accurate calculation of the mine ventilation air flow temperature is complex, and a plurality of factors of heat and humidity conditions such as unstable heat exchange coefficients of roadway surrounding rocks and air flow, water gushing and water spraying and the like need to be considered, the analysis of the temperature and the humidity in the roadway air flow thermodynamic state parameters is particularly important.

Because the evaporation of water in the tunnel influences the temperature of surrounding rocks and the heat and moisture exchange of the air current, the evaporation of water needs to be taken into account when the air current temperature of the mine tunnel is researched and calculated. Aiming at the problem that heat and moisture exchange calculation of surrounding rocks of a mine tunnel and wind current is complex, a scholars sets up a model of the wind current heat exchange coefficient of a drenching tunnel, namely, the change rule of the wind current humidity of the mine tunnel is mastered according to the actually measured relative humidity of the wind current of the tunnel on site, and then a model for determining the heat exchange between the wind current and the surrounding rocks of the mine tunnel under the influence of water evaporation of the mine tunnel is reversely deduced, so that the heat exchange coefficient between the surrounding rocks and the wind current is corrected. However, field measured value statistics can only achieve one or a limited set of experimental data acquisitions.

By simulating the roadway method, an environment similar to a field can be constructed, the heat and humidity evaporation rule of the roadway under the ventilation condition is analyzed, and when the experimental roadway and the wet area meet geometric similarity, the speed of wind current flowing through the experimental roadway meets motion similarity, and the stress of each point of the roadway meets power similarity, the temperature and humidity value and the change rule measured by the experimental roadway can be applied to the actual underground roadway by utilizing the Froude similarity criterion according to the similarity conditions.

However, when the existing simulation mine ventilation tunnel is wetted and evaporated, the wall surface of the wetted tunnel cannot determine the wetted area, and accumulated water is generated at the bottom of the tunnel, so that the normal development of the research work of the heat-moisture evaporation rule of the mine ventilation tunnel is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the experimental device and the method for simulating the heat-humidity evaporation of the mine ventilation tunnel, which can accurately simulate the heat-humidity evaporation condition of the actual mine ventilation tunnel, can visually reflect the water spraying condition of the actual mine ventilation tunnel, can accurately measure the temperature and the humidity of the wind flow of the tunnel under different wind speeds and water spraying area rates, and has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, lower cost and reusability. The method can reflect the influence rule of the wind speed and the wet area rate of the mine tunnel on the wind flow and the temperature and the humidity of the wet tunnel, further can reversely deduce and determine a model of the heat exchange between the wind flow and the surrounding rock of the tunnel under the influence of the water evaporation of the mine tunnel, verify the rule of the established function model of the relative humidity of the wind flow and the heat exchange adjustment coefficient of the wet evaporation, introduce the result into a tunnel wind flow temperature distribution equation, accurately calculate the temperature and the humidity of the wind flow of the wet tunnel, and provide theoretical parameters and basis for a ventilation network for simulating the temperature distribution of the whole mine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an experimental device for simulating heat-humidity evaporation of a mine ventilation roadway comprises the experimental roadway, an oblique flow type fan, a wetting assembly, a sensor assembly, a data acquisition assembly and a data storage assembly; the diagonal flow fan is arranged at an air inlet of the experimental tunnel; the wetting component is arranged in the experimental tunnel; the sensor assembly is installed inside the air inlet and the air outlet of the experimental tunnel, the sensor assembly is electrically connected with the data acquisition assembly, and the data acquisition assembly is electrically connected with the data storage assembly.

The experimental tunnel is a pipeline with a circular cross section, and the inclined-flow fan adopts a press-in ventilation mode at an air inlet of the experimental tunnel.

The sprinkling assembly comprises four water mist spray pipes and four non-woven fabrics, the non-woven fabrics are fixedly attached to the inner surface of the experimental roadway, the four non-woven fabrics are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the experimental roadway along the circumferential direction, the four non-woven fabrics all penetrate through the experimental roadway along the axis direction, the coverage area of each non-woven fabric on the inner surface of the experimental roadway is equal, and the coverage area of each non-woven fabric on the inner surface of the experimental roadway accounts for 1/5 of the total area of the inner surface of the experimental roadway; when one non-woven fabric is completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.2; when the two non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.4; when the three non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.6; when the four non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.8; the water mist spray pipes are fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the experimental tunnel, the four water mist spray pipes completely penetrate through the experimental tunnel along the axis direction, a plurality of water mist spray holes are formed in each water mist spray pipe, and each water mist spray pipe corresponds to one non-woven fabric; a temperature-controllable water container is arranged outside the experimental roadway, and the four water mist spray pipes are communicated with the temperature-controllable water container.

The four non-woven fabrics are respectively marked as a first non-woven fabric, a second non-woven fabric, a third non-woven fabric and a fourth non-woven fabric; the four water mist spray pipes are respectively marked as a first water mist spray pipe, a second water mist spray pipe, a third water mist spray pipe and a fourth water mist spray pipe; the water mist spray holes in the first water mist spray pipe are in opposite contact with the highest point of the first nonwoven fabric, and the first nonwoven fabric is only wetted by the first water mist spray pipe; the water mist spray holes in the second water mist spray pipe are in opposite contact with the highest point of the second non-woven fabric, and the second non-woven fabric is only wetted by the second water mist spray pipe; the water mist spray holes in the third water mist spray pipe are in opposite contact with the highest point of the third non-woven fabric, and the third non-woven fabric is only wetted by the third water mist spray pipe; and the water mist spray holes in the fourth water mist spray pipe are in opposite contact with the highest point of the fourth non-woven fabric, and the fourth non-woven fabric is only wetted by the fourth water mist spray pipe.

The first water spray pipe is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container through a first water pipe, a first valve is arranged on the first water pipe, and the first water spray pipe is controlled to wet the first nonwoven fabric through opening and closing of the first valve; the second water spray pipe is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container through a second water pipe, a second valve is arranged on the second water pipe, and the second water spray pipe is controlled to wet the second non-woven fabric through opening and closing of the second valve; the third water spray pipe is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container through a third water pipe, a third valve is arranged on the third water pipe, and the third water spray pipe is controlled to wet a third non-woven fabric through opening and closing of the third valve; the fourth water spray pipe is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container through a fourth water pipe, a fourth valve is arranged on the fourth water pipe, and the fourth water spray pipe is controlled to wet a fourth non-woven fabric through opening and closing of the fourth valve.

The sensor assembly comprises a first wind speed sensor, a first temperature and humidity sensor, a second wind speed sensor and a second temperature and humidity sensor; the first air speed sensor and the first temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in parallel in an air inlet of the experimental tunnel; the second wind speed sensor and the second temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in parallel inside an air outlet of the experimental tunnel; the first wind speed sensor, the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second wind speed sensor and the second temperature and humidity sensor are all connected into the data acquisition assembly through data transmission lines.

The data acquisition assembly comprises a wind speed acquisition module and a temperature and humidity acquisition module; the wind speed acquisition module comprises a wind speed signal conveyor, a wind speed signal data conversion card and a wind speed signal data transmission line, the signal output ends of the first wind speed sensor and the second wind speed sensor are connected with the signal input end of the wind speed signal conveyor, and the signal output end of the wind speed signal conveyor is connected with the data storage assembly sequentially through the wind speed signal data conversion card and the wind speed signal data transmission line; the temperature and humidity acquisition module comprises a temperature and humidity signal conveyor, a temperature and humidity signal data conversion card and a temperature and humidity signal data transmission line, the signal output ends of the first temperature and humidity sensor and the second temperature and humidity sensor are connected with the signal input end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor, and the signal output end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor is connected with the data storage assembly sequentially through the temperature and humidity signal data conversion card and the temperature and humidity signal data transmission line.

The data storage component comprises a data acquisition unit and a computer; the signal input end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the signal output end of the wind speed signal conveyor through a wind speed signal data transmission line and a wind speed signal data conversion card in sequence, and the signal input end of the data acquisition unit is also connected with the signal output end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor through a temperature and humidity signal data transmission line and a temperature and humidity signal data conversion card in sequence; the signal output end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the computer, a data acquisition program is installed in the computer, multi-path data acquisition is carried out through the data acquisition program, a data acquisition observation control interface is displayed on a display screen of the computer, and the data acquisition start-stop time and the data acquisition time interval of each data acquisition line are controlled through the data acquisition observation control interface.

An experimental method for simulating heat-humidity evaporation of a mine ventilation roadway adopts the experimental device for simulating heat-humidity evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: starting the diagonal flow type fan, wherein the four water spray nozzles do not execute water spraying action, so that the four non-woven fabrics are all in a dry state, the wet area rate in the experimental tunnel is 0, then adjusting the wind speed in the experimental tunnel through the diagonal flow type fan, enabling the wind speed to change from low to high, measuring wind speed data by a first wind speed sensor and a second wind speed sensor, measuring temperature and humidity data of an air inlet of the experimental tunnel by a first temperature and humidity sensor, measuring temperature and humidity data of an air outlet of the experimental tunnel by a second temperature and humidity sensor, and finally storing the acquired data;

step two: starting a temperature adjusting function of the temperature controllable water container, adjusting the water temperature in the temperature controllable water container to a set value, then starting a first valve, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric by the first water mist spray pipe, and enabling the other three non-woven fabrics to be in a dry state without performing water spraying actions by the other three water mist spray pipes, wherein the wetting area ratio in the experimental roadway is 0.2, and then adjusting the wind speed according to the wind speed change rule in the first step until the data acquisition and storage are completed;

step three: air-drying the first non-woven fabric by using air current until the first non-woven fabric recovers the dry state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the temperature-controllable water container unchanged at a set value, then opening a first valve and a second valve, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric by using a first water spray pipe, completely wetting the second non-woven fabric by using a second water spray pipe, enabling the other two non-woven fabrics to be in the dry state without executing a water spraying action by using the other two water spray pipes, and adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data collection and storage are completed;

step four: air-drying the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric by using air current until the first non-woven fabric and the second non-woven fabric are restored to a dry state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the temperature-controllable water container to be constant at a set value, then opening the first valve, the second valve and the third valve, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric by using the first water mist spray pipe, completely wetting the second non-woven fabric by using the second water mist spray pipe, completely wetting the third non-woven fabric by using the third water mist spray pipe, and enabling the fourth non-woven fabric to be in the dry state without performing water spraying action by using the fourth water mist spray pipe, wherein the wet area rate in the experimental roadway is 0.6 at the moment, and then adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data collection and storage are completed;

step five: air-drying the first non-woven fabric, the second non-woven fabric and the third non-woven fabric by using air current until the first non-woven fabric, the second non-woven fabric and the third non-woven fabric are restored to a dry state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the temperature-controllable water container to be a set value, then opening all four valves, completely wetting the four non-woven fabrics by four water mist spray pipes respectively, wherein the wetting area rate in the experimental roadway is 0.8, and then adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data acquisition and storage are completed;

step six: and recording all the stored data into a computer, and automatically generating a change curve of the temperature and the humidity in the experimental roadway along with the wind speed under different wetting area rates by the computer.

In order to explore the influence of different humidity degrees on the temperature and the humidity of the air current in the wetting roadway, therefore, the wetting area rate is introduced, and the wetting area rate is the ratio of the water spraying area of the roadway surrounding rock with unit length to the total area of the roadway surrounding rock with unit length, namely:

wherein f is the wet area ratio, S_wThe water spraying area of the surrounding rock of the roadway with the unit length is S, and the total area of the surrounding rock of the roadway with the unit length is S;

because the roadway surrounding rock water spraying areas on the site are different, the moisture coefficient is introduced, namely:

in the formula, beta_wIs the coefficient of humidity, S_wThe unit length of the water spraying area of the surrounding rock of the roadway is shown, and U is the perimeter of the roadway;

the humidity coefficient of a roadway with unit length can be determined through observation, and if the wetting area rate of a mine complex system is difficult to determine, a wetting evaporation heat exchange adjustment coefficient is introduced;

for the wet roadway, the heat-moisture exchange of the wet roadway is comprehensively considered, the surrounding rock blocks the air flow heat transfer through the wet surrounding rock, and the heat exchange flow of the ventilation air flow of the generalized upper shaft roadway and the surrounding rock of the roadway can be calculated at the moment, specifically:

q＝β_f·α·(T_w-T_f)

β_f＝1-β_w

wherein q is a heat exchange flow rate, beta_fAdjusting coefficient for wet evaporation heat transfer, alpha is convective heat transfer coefficient, T_wTemperature of surrounding rock in tunnel, T_fIs the temperature of the air flow;

because tunnel moisture evaporation can directly lead to the relative humidity of wind current to increase, relative humidity is relevant with the water evaporation ability again simultaneously to decide tunnel country rock and wind current temperature variation, again because the moist degree of underworkings is difficult to quantify, but relative humidity direct measurement, consequently can construct the function model of relative humidity and drench evaporation heat transfer adjustment coefficient, promptly:

in the formula, beta_fThe coefficient is adjusted for the wet evaporation heat exchange,is relative humidity, C_fAdjusting the influence factor of the coefficient for heat exchange;

as the relative humidity of the wind flow increases, the water evaporation capacity gradually decreases, the effect on the heat exchange between the wind flow and the surrounding rock is reduced, and when the humidity reaches relative saturation, the surrounding rock will directly heat the wind flow.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the experimental device and the method for simulating the heat-humidity evaporation of the mine ventilation tunnel can accurately simulate the heat-humidity evaporation condition of the actual mine ventilation tunnel, can visually reflect the water spraying condition of the actual mine ventilation tunnel, and can accurately measure the temperature and the humidity of the tunnel air flow under different air speeds and water spraying area rates.

The experimental device and the method for simulating the heat-humidity evaporation of the mine ventilation tunnel can reflect the influence rule of the wind speed and the wet area rate of the mine tunnel on the temperature and the humidity of the wind flow of the wet tunnel, further can reversely deduce and determine a model of the heat exchange between the wind flow and the surrounding rock of the tunnel under the influence of the water evaporation of the mine tunnel, verify the rule of the established function model of the relative humidity of the wind flow and the heat exchange adjustment coefficient of the wet evaporation, introduce the result into a tunnel wind flow temperature distribution equation, accurately calculate the temperature and the humidity of the wind flow of the wet tunnel, and provide theoretical parameters and basis for a ventilation network simulating the temperature distribution of the whole mine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for simulating heat-moisture evaporation of a mine ventilation roadway according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3(a) is a graph showing the variation of the temperature in the experimental tunnel with the wind speed when the wetted area rate is 0 in the example;

FIG. 3(b) is a graph showing the variation of the experimental tunnel humidity with the wind speed when the wet area ratio is 0 in the example;

FIG. 4(a) is the curve of the variation of the temperature in the experimental tunnel with the wind speed when the wet area rate is 0.2 in the example;

FIG. 4(b) is the experimental variation curve of the humidity in the roadway with the wind speed when the wet area ratio is 0.2 in the example;

FIG. 5(a) is the curve of the variation of the temperature in the experimental tunnel with the wind speed when the wetted area rate is 0.4 in the example;

FIG. 5(b) is a graph showing the variation of the experimental tunnel humidity with the wind speed when the wetted area ratio is 0.4 in the example;

FIG. 6(a) is the curve of the variation of the temperature in the experimental tunnel with the wind speed when the wetted area rate is 0.6 in the example;

FIG. 6(b) is the experimental variation curve of the humidity in the roadway with the wind speed when the wetted area ratio is 0.6 in the example;

FIG. 7(a) is a graph showing the variation of the temperature in the experimental tunnel with the wind speed when the wetted area rate is 0.8 in the example;

FIG. 7(b) is a graph showing the variation of the experimental tunnel humidity with the wind speed when the wetted area ratio is 0.8 in the example;

in the figure, 1-experimental tunnel, 2-diagonal flow fan, 3-controllable warm water container, 4-first nonwoven fabric, 5-second nonwoven fabric, 6-third nonwoven fabric, 7-fourth nonwoven fabric, 8-first water spray nozzle, 9-second water spray nozzle, 10-third water spray nozzle, 11-fourth water spray nozzle, 12-first water pipe, 13-first valve, 14-second water pipe, 15-second valve, 16-third water pipe, 17-third valve, 18-fourth water pipe, 19-fourth valve, 20-first air speed sensor, 21-first temperature and humidity sensor, 22-second air speed sensor, 23-second temperature and humidity sensor, 24-air speed acquisition module, 25-temperature and humidity acquisition module, 26-data collector, 27-computer.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an experimental device for simulating heat-moisture evaporation of a mine ventilation roadway comprises an experimental roadway 1, an inclined-flow fan 2, a wetting assembly, a sensor assembly, a data acquisition assembly and a data storage assembly; the diagonal flow fan 2 is arranged at an air inlet of the experimental tunnel 1; the wetting component is arranged inside the experimental roadway 1; the sensor assembly is installed inside the air inlet and the air outlet of the experimental roadway 1, the sensor assembly is electrically connected with the data acquisition assembly, and the data acquisition assembly is electrically connected with the data storage assembly.

The cross-sectional shape of the experimental tunnel 1 is a circular pipeline, and the inclined-flow fan 2 adopts a press-in ventilation mode at an air inlet of the experimental tunnel 1.

In the embodiment, the diameter of the pipeline adopted by the experimental tunnel 1 is 20cm, the experimental tunnel 1 adopts a three-section structure and comprises two sections of 250cm pipelines and one section of 100cm pipeline, so that the total length of the experimental tunnel 1 reaches 600cm, the turning positions of the experimental tunnel 1 are connected by elbows, and angle irons are welded and fixed on the whole experimental tunnel 1; because the total length of the experimental tunnel 1 is short, and the change of air pressure and total resistance is small, the influence between the press-in type ventilation and the draw-out type ventilation can be ignored, but the influence generated by the environment in the experimental process can be reduced by the press-in type ventilation mode, and therefore the press-in type ventilation mode is selected finally.

The sprinkling assembly comprises four water mist spray pipes and four non-woven fabrics, the non-woven fabrics are fixedly attached to the inner surface of the experimental roadway 1, the four non-woven fabrics are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the experimental roadway 1 along the circumferential direction, the four non-woven fabrics all penetrate through the experimental roadway 1 along the axis direction, the coverage area of each non-woven fabric on the inner surface of the experimental roadway 1 is equal, and the coverage area of each non-woven fabric on the inner surface of the experimental roadway 1 accounts for 1/5 of the total area of the inner surface of the experimental roadway 1; when one non-woven fabric is completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.2; when the two non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.4; when the three non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.6; when the four non-woven fabrics are completely wetted, the wetted area ratio is 0.8; the water mist spray pipes are fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the experimental tunnel 1, the four water mist spray pipes all penetrate through the experimental tunnel 1 along the axis direction, a plurality of water mist spray holes are formed in each water mist spray pipe, and each water mist spray pipe corresponds to one non-woven fabric; the outside of the experimental tunnel 1 is provided with a temperature-controllable water container 3, and the four water mist spray pipes are communicated with the temperature-controllable water container 3.

The four nonwoven fabrics are respectively designated as a first nonwoven fabric 4, a second nonwoven fabric 5, a third nonwoven fabric 6 and a fourth nonwoven fabric 7; the four water mist spray pipes are respectively marked as a first water mist spray pipe 8, a second water mist spray pipe 9, a third water mist spray pipe 10 and a fourth water mist spray pipe 11; the water mist spray holes in the first water mist spray pipe 8 are in opposite contact with the highest point of the first nonwoven fabric 4, and the first nonwoven fabric 4 is only wetted by the first water mist spray pipe 8; the water mist spray holes in the second water mist spray pipe 9 are in opposite contact with the highest point of the second non-woven fabric 5, and the second non-woven fabric 5 is only wetted by the second water mist spray pipe 9; the water mist spray holes in the third water mist spray pipe 10 are in opposite contact with the highest point of the third non-woven fabric 6, and the third non-woven fabric 6 is only wetted by the third water mist spray pipe 10; the water mist spray holes in the fourth water mist spray pipe 11 are in opposite contact with the highest point of the fourth non-woven fabric 7, and the fourth non-woven fabric 7 is only wetted by the fourth water mist spray pipe 11.

The first water mist spray pipe 8 is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container 3 through a first water delivery pipe 12, a first valve 13 is arranged on the first water delivery pipe 12, and the first water mist spray pipe 8 is controlled to wet the first nonwoven fabric 4 through the opening and closing of the first valve 13; the second water mist spray pipe 9 is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container 3 through a second water conveying pipe 14, a second valve 15 is arranged on the second water conveying pipe 14, and the second water mist spray pipe 9 is controlled to wet the second non-woven fabric 5 through opening and closing of the second valve 15; the third water spray pipe 10 is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container 3 through a third water delivery pipe 16, a third valve 17 is arranged on the third water delivery pipe 16, and the wetting process of the third non-woven fabric 6 by the third water spray pipe 10 is controlled by opening and closing the third valve 17; the fourth water mist spray pipe 11 is communicated with the temperature-controllable water container 3 through a fourth water pipe 18, a fourth valve 19 is arranged on the fourth water pipe 18, and the fourth water mist spray pipe 11 is controlled to wet the fourth non-woven fabric 7 through the opening and closing of the fourth valve 19.

The sensor assembly comprises a first wind speed sensor 20, a first temperature and humidity sensor 21, a second wind speed sensor 22 and a second temperature and humidity sensor 23; the first air speed sensor 20 and the first temperature and humidity sensor 21 are arranged in parallel in an air inlet of the experimental roadway 1; the second wind speed sensor 22 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 23 are arranged in parallel inside the air outlet of the experimental roadway 1; the first wind speed sensor 20, the first temperature and humidity sensor 21, the second wind speed sensor 22 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 23 are all connected to the data acquisition assembly through data transmission lines.

In the embodiment, the first wind speed sensor 20 and the second wind speed sensor 22 have the same model, the resolution is 0.05m/s, and the measuring range is 0-30 m/s; the first temperature and humidity sensor 21 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 23 are the same in model, the specific model is RS485XY-MD01, the data acquisition time interval is 1s, the temperature range is-20-60 ℃, the humidity range is 0-100% RH, an RS485 hardware interface is adopted, a protocol layer is compatible with a standard MODBUS-RTU protocol, and the function of automatically outputting temperature and humidity is achieved.

The data acquisition assembly comprises a wind speed acquisition module 24 and a temperature and humidity acquisition module 25; the wind speed acquisition module 24 comprises a wind speed signal conveyor, a wind speed signal data conversion card and a wind speed signal data transmission line, the signal output ends of the first wind speed sensor 20 and the second wind speed sensor 22 are connected with the signal input end of the wind speed signal conveyor, and the signal output end of the wind speed signal conveyor is connected with the data storage component through the wind speed signal data conversion card and the wind speed signal data transmission line in sequence; the temperature and humidity acquisition module 25 comprises a temperature and humidity signal conveyor, a temperature and humidity signal data conversion card and a temperature and humidity signal data transmission line, the signal output ends of the first temperature and humidity sensor 21 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 23 are connected with the signal input end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor, and the signal output end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor is connected with the data storage assembly sequentially through the temperature and humidity signal data conversion card and the temperature and humidity signal data transmission line.

In this embodiment, the wind speed signal data conversion card and the temperature and humidity signal data conversion card are both data conversion cards for converting digital signals into USB signals which meet RS485 communication protocols; the wind speed signal data transmission line and the temperature and humidity signal data transmission line are USB data transmission lines.

The data storage component comprises a data acquisition unit 26 and a computer 27; the signal input end of the data acquisition unit 26 is connected with the signal output end of the wind speed signal conveyor sequentially through a wind speed signal data transmission line and a wind speed signal data conversion card, and the signal input end of the data acquisition unit 26 is connected with the signal output end of the temperature and humidity signal conveyor sequentially through a temperature and humidity signal data transmission line and a temperature and humidity signal data conversion card; the signal output end of the data acquisition unit 26 is connected with the computer 27, a data acquisition program is installed in the computer 27, multi-path data acquisition is carried out through the data acquisition program, a data acquisition observation control interface is displayed on the display screen of the computer 27, and the data acquisition start-stop time and the data acquisition time interval of each data acquisition line are controlled through the data acquisition observation control interface.

In this embodiment, the data acquisition unit 26 is IPAM-4017, the data acquisition program installed in the computer 27 is developed based on the king software, and the acquired data is stored in an Excel file in the computer 27, so that the data can be called and processed conveniently.

In order to avoid the influence of air leakage on the experimental result, in this embodiment, the joints of the experimental tunnel 1 are sealed, and the pipeline mounting holes of the first air velocity sensor 20, the first temperature and humidity sensor 21, the second air velocity sensor 22 and the second temperature and humidity sensor 23 in the experimental tunnel 1 are also sealed. In addition, before the formal experiment is carried out, whether each sensor is normally connected is checked, specifically, the communication state can be checked in real time on a data acquisition observation control interface on a display screen of the computer 27, if the communication state shows 'failure', the line needs to be debugged again, and when the communication state shows 'success', the line connection is normal. Meanwhile, the air tightness of the experimental device is required to be checked, soap water is smeared at the sealing connection position on the experimental roadway 1, no air bubble is generated, the experimental roadway 1 is free of air leakage, and the air tightness meets the experimental requirements. In addition, considering the maximum allowable wind speed and the actual wet area of each roadway in the underground coal mine, the inclined flow type fan 2 controls the wind speed in the experimental roadway 1 to be 1-5 m/s in a press-in type ventilation mode, and the wet area rate in the experimental roadway 1 is controlled to be 0.2-0.8.

An experimental method for simulating heat-humidity evaporation of a mine ventilation roadway adopts the experimental device for simulating heat-humidity evaporation of the mine ventilation roadway, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: starting the diagonal flow type fan 2, wherein the four water spray nozzles do not execute water spraying action, so that the four non-woven fabrics are in a dry state, the wet area rate in the experimental tunnel 1 is 0, then the wind speed in the experimental tunnel 1 is adjusted through the diagonal flow type fan 2, the wind speed is changed from low to high, the wind speed data is measured by the first wind speed sensor 20 and the second wind speed sensor 22, the temperature and humidity data of the air inlet of the experimental tunnel 1 are measured by the first temperature and humidity sensor 21, the temperature and humidity data of the air outlet of the experimental tunnel 1 are measured by the second temperature and humidity sensor 23, and finally the collected data are stored;

in the embodiment, the wind speed is set to 5 levels in total, and is 1m/s, 2m/s, 3m/s, 4m/s and 5m/s from low to high in sequence, and the temperature and humidity data of the air inlet and the air outlet of the experimental tunnel 1 at each level of wind speed need to be recorded and stored;

step two: starting a temperature adjusting function of the controllable warm water container 3, adjusting the water temperature in the controllable warm water container 3 to a set value, then starting a first valve 13, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric 4 by the first water mist spray pipe 8, and enabling the other three non-woven fabrics to be in a dry state without performing water spraying actions by the other three water mist spray pipes, wherein the wetting area ratio in the experimental roadway 1 is 0.2, and then adjusting the wind speed according to the wind speed change rule in the first step until the data acquisition and storage are completed;

step three: air-drying the first non-woven fabric 4 by using air current until the first non-woven fabric 4 recovers the dry state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the controllable warm water container 3 at a set value, then opening the first valve 13 and the second valve 15, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric 4 by using the first water spray pipe 8, completely wetting the second non-woven fabric 5 by using the second water spray pipe 9, and not executing the water spraying action by using the other two water spray pipes so that the other two non-woven fabrics are in the dry state, wherein the wet area ratio in the experimental tunnel 1 is 0.4, and then adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data collection and storage are completed;

step four: air-drying the first non-woven fabric 4 and the second non-woven fabric 5 by using air current until the first non-woven fabric 4 and the second non-woven fabric 5 recover the dry state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the temperature-controllable water container 3 to be a set value, then opening the first valve 13, the second valve 15 and the third valve 17, completely wetting the first non-woven fabric 4 by using the first water spray pipe 8, completely wetting the second non-woven fabric 5 by using the second water spray pipe 9, completely wetting the third non-woven fabric 6 by using the third water spray pipe 10, and not performing water spraying action by using the fourth water spray pipe 11 to enable the fourth non-woven fabric 7 to be in the dry state, wherein the wet area ratio in the experimental tunnel 1 is 0.6, and then adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data collection and storage are completed;

step five: air-drying the first non-woven fabric 4, the second non-woven fabric 5 and the third non-woven fabric 6 by using air flow until the first non-woven fabric 4, the second non-woven fabric 5 and the third non-woven fabric 6 recover the drying state again, continuously maintaining the water temperature in the controllable warm water container 3 at a set value, then opening all four valves, completely wetting the four non-woven fabrics by the four water mist spray pipes respectively, wherein the wetting area rate in the experimental roadway 1 is 0.8, and then adjusting the air speed according to the air speed change rule in the first step until the data collection and storage are completed;

step six: all the stored data are recorded into the computer 27, and the computer 27 automatically generates the variation curves of the temperature and the humidity in the experimental roadway 1 along with the wind speed under different wetting area rates, which are specifically shown in fig. 3-7. In this embodiment, the software for generating the variation curves of the temperature and the humidity along with the wind speed in the experimental roadway 1 at different wetting area rates is ORIGIN.

The following conclusions can be drawn from the curves obtained in the examples:

when the roadway is wet, the wetting area rate is kept constant, the temperature is gradually reduced and the relative humidity is gradually increased along with the increase of the wind speed, and when the wind speed is more than 3m/s, the temperature of the wind flow reaching the air outlet is lower than that of the air inlet due to the increase of the influence of water evaporation, and the relative humidity of the air outlet and the air inlet tends to be stable.

Along with the increase of the roadway wetting area, the temperature of the air outlet is reduced by a larger range than that of the air inlet, the relative humidity difference value of the air inlet and the air outlet is increased, when the air speed is larger than 3m/s, the relative humidity difference value of the air inlet and the air outlet tends to be stable, and when the relative humidity reaches more than 60%, the temperature difference value of the air inlet and the air outlet is about 2 ℃ on average.

In order to explore the influence of different humidity degrees on the temperature and the humidity of the air current in the wetting roadway, therefore, the wetting area rate is introduced, and the wetting area rate is the ratio of the water spraying area of the roadway surrounding rock with unit length to the total area of the roadway surrounding rock with unit length, namely:

wherein f is the wet area ratio, S_wThe water spraying area of the surrounding rock of the roadway with the unit length is S, and the total area of the surrounding rock of the roadway with the unit length is S;

because the roadway surrounding rock water spraying areas on the site are different, the moisture coefficient is introduced, namely:

in the formula, beta_wIs the coefficient of humidity, S_wThe unit length of the water spraying area of the surrounding rock of the roadway is shown, and U is the perimeter of the roadway;

the humidity coefficient of a roadway with unit length can be determined through observation, and if the wetting area rate of a mine complex system is difficult to determine, a wetting evaporation heat exchange adjustment coefficient is introduced;

for the wet roadway, the heat-moisture exchange of the wet roadway is comprehensively considered, the surrounding rock blocks the air flow heat transfer through the wet surrounding rock, and the heat exchange flow of the ventilation air flow of the generalized upper shaft roadway and the surrounding rock of the roadway can be calculated at the moment, specifically:

q＝β_f·α·(T_w-T_f)

β_f＝1-β_w

wherein q is a heat exchange flow rate, beta_fAdjusting coefficient for wet evaporation heat transfer, alpha is convective heat transfer coefficient, T_wTemperature of surrounding rock in tunnel, T_fIs the temperature of the air flow;

because tunnel moisture evaporation can directly lead to the relative humidity of wind current to increase, relative humidity is relevant with the water evaporation ability again simultaneously to decide tunnel country rock and wind current temperature variation, again because the moist degree of underworkings is difficult to quantify, but relative humidity direct measurement, consequently can construct the function model of relative humidity and drench evaporation heat transfer adjustment coefficient, promptly:

in the formula, beta_fThe coefficient is adjusted for the wet evaporation heat exchange,is relative humidity, C_fAdjusting the influence factor of the coefficient for heat exchange;

as the relative humidity of the wind flow increases, the water evaporation capacity gradually decreases, the effect on the heat exchange between the wind flow and the surrounding rock is reduced, and when the humidity reaches relative saturation, the surrounding rock will directly heat the wind flow.

Because the heat exchange adjustment coefficient is introduced into the roadway air flow temperature distribution calculation model, the complex problems of heat exchange calculation and the like are solved, the air flow temperature can be accurately calculated through the model, the simulation precision is improved, and an analysis platform is provided for the macroscopic evaluation and control of the mine heat damage.

The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.