1. A vertical ejection scaling test device constructed based on high-pressure air comprises: high-pressure air supply system, ejection system and survey control system, high-pressure air supply system includes: connected in turn by pipelines: the device comprises an air compressor 1, an inflation valve 2, a dryer 3, a high-pressure air tank 4, a stop valve 5, a quick valve 6 and an adjusting valve 7; the ejection system includes: the launching device comprises a support 9, a snapping rod 10, an air inlet seal head 11, a piston 12, a guide wheel 13, an ejector 14 and a launching tube 15, wherein the support 9 is used for supporting the launching tube 15, the launching tube 15 is hollow and cylindrical, the air inlet seal head 11 is arranged at the bottom of the launching tube 15, and the bottom of the air inlet seal head 11 is connected with an adjusting valve 7 through a pipeline; the piston 12 is arranged in the launching tube 15, the piston 12 is positioned at the bottom of the launching tube 15 in an initial state, and the piston 12 is connected with the air inlet end enclosure 11 through the breaking rod 10 to form a closed cavity; pressurizing the closed cavity through a pipeline at the bottom of the air inlet end socket 11, and when the pressure reaches a threshold value, breaking the snapping rod 10 to eject the piston; the guide wheel 13 is arranged on the side wall of the catapult 14, so that the catapult 14 is not contacted with the inside of the launch barrel 15 in the catapult process; the measurement and control system respectively collects the pressure, the temperature and the acceleration of the ejectors 14 in the launching tube 15 and respectively controls the opening and closing of the stop valve 5, the quick valve 6 and the regulating valve 7.

2. The vertical ejection scale test device constructed based on high-pressure air as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stop valve 5 is an electric ball valve, and the full opening and closing time is not more than 30 s; the quick valve 6 adopts a Z-shaped balanced structure, and the opening and closing time is not more than 1.5 s; the regulating valve 7 adopts a V-shaped ball valve, the displacement of a valve core is accurately controlled in a closed loop mode through a pneumatic execution structure, the pressure in the ejection cylinder is basically constant, and the full-stroke opening and closing time is not more than 2 s; the pipeline system 8 is made of galvanized steel, and the pipe diameter is not larger than DN 80.

3. A control method for the vertical launch scale test apparatus of claim 1, the method comprising:

step 1: the air compressor 1 injects gas into a high-pressure air storage tank 4 through an inflation valve 2 and a dryer 3 in advance to form a high-pressure ejection power source;

step 2: after receiving a launch preparation instruction of a measurement and control system 16, opening an electric stop valve 5, prefabricating a pressure regulating valve 7 after the stop valve 5 is in place, opening a quick valve 6 and the pressure regulating valve 7 in sequence after prefabrication is finished, quickly introducing high-pressure gas into a launch barrel 15 along a pipeline system 8, and establishing launch pressure in a closed cavity between a piston 12 at the bottom of the launch barrel 15 and an air inlet end enclosure 11;

and step 3: the compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank 4 is rapidly and continuously injected into the closed cavity, and the closed cavity is continuously raised; when the tensile force of the pressure acting on the breaking rod 10 reaches the designed breaking force, the breaking rod 10 is broken, the piston 12 starts to push the ejectors 14 to move along the launching tube 15 and to be discharged out of the tube, the measurement and control system 16 collects the pressure and the temperature in the launching tube 15 and the acceleration on the ejectors 14 in real time in the ejection process, and after the ejectors 14 are discharged out of the tube, the measurement and control system 16 closes the quick valve, the stop valve and the pressure regulating valve in sequence.

Background

The compressed air ejection technology is a novel cold emission technology and has the advantages of low cost, no pollution, flame resistance, explosion resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, good universality, convenience in maintenance, no need of heat protection measures and the like.

In recent years, with the wide application of the compressed air ejection technology in the field of launching, scientific researchers in related fields develop more theories and simulation modeling calculation analysis aiming at dynamic parameters in the ejection process constructed based on compressed air, and lack of targeted test devices, particularly lack of low-load ejection test devices constructed based on high-pressure air, so that the comparison and verification of theories and tests cannot be realized. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a corresponding high-pressure air ejection test device, provide a test platform for air ejection related specialties, realize perfect combination of theory and test, complete research on key technology of the ejection device constructed based on compressed air, and obtain a systematic ejection theory constructed based on compressed air.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the vertical ejection scale test device constructed based on the high-pressure air overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a test platform for air ejection major, realizes real-time measurement of parameters such as acceleration, pressure and temperature of an ejection object system in the ejection process, and completes the approximately uniform acceleration and low-load vertical ejection scale test in an ejection barrel.

The invention adopts the technical scheme for solving the technical problems that: a vertical ejection scaling test device constructed based on high-pressure air comprises: high-pressure air supply system, ejection system and survey control system, high-pressure air supply system includes: connected in turn by pipelines: the device comprises an air compressor 1, an inflation valve 2, a dryer 3, a high-pressure air tank 4, a stop valve 5, a quick valve 6 and an adjusting valve 7; the ejection system includes: the launching device comprises a support 9, a snapping rod 10, an air inlet seal head 11, a piston 12, a guide wheel 13, an ejector 14 and a launching tube 15, wherein the support 9 is used for supporting the launching tube 15, the launching tube 15 is hollow and cylindrical, the air inlet seal head 11 is arranged at the bottom of the launching tube 15, and the bottom of the air inlet seal head 11 is connected with an adjusting valve 7 through a pipeline; the piston 12 is arranged in the launching tube 15, the piston 12 is positioned at the bottom of the launching tube 15 in an initial state, and the piston 12 is connected with the air inlet end enclosure 11 through the breaking rod 10 to form a closed cavity; pressurizing the closed cavity through a pipeline at the bottom of the air inlet end socket 11, and when the pressure reaches a threshold value, breaking the snapping rod 10 to eject the piston; the guide wheel 13 is arranged on the side wall of the catapult 14, so that the catapult 14 is not contacted with the inside of the launch barrel 15 in the catapult process; the measurement and control system respectively collects the pressure, the temperature and the acceleration of the ejectors 14 in the launching tube 15 and respectively controls the opening and closing of the stop valve 5, the quick valve 6 and the regulating valve 7.

Further, the stop valve 5 adopts an electric ball valve, and the full opening and closing time is not more than 30 s; the quick valve 6 adopts a Z-shaped balanced structure, and the opening and closing time is not more than 1.5 s; the regulating valve 7 adopts a V-shaped ball valve, the displacement of a valve core is accurately controlled in a closed loop mode through a pneumatic execution structure, the pressure in the ejection cylinder is basically constant, and the full-stroke opening and closing time is not more than 2 s; the pipeline system 8 is made of galvanized steel, and the pipe diameter is not more than DN 80;

a method of ejection for the device, the method comprising:

step 1: the air compressor 1 injects gas into a high-pressure air storage tank 4 through an inflation valve 2 and a dryer 3 in advance to form a high-pressure ejection power source;

step 2: after receiving a launch preparation instruction of a measurement and control system 16, opening an electric stop valve 5, prefabricating a pressure regulating valve 7 after the stop valve 5 is in place, opening a quick valve 6 and the pressure regulating valve 7 in sequence after prefabrication is finished, quickly introducing high-pressure gas into a launch barrel 15 along a pipeline system 8, and establishing launch pressure in a closed cavity between a piston 12 at the bottom of the launch barrel 15 and an air inlet end enclosure 11;

and step 3: the compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank 4 is rapidly and continuously injected into the closed cavity, and the closed cavity is continuously raised; when the tensile force of the pressure acting on the breaking rod 10 reaches the designed breaking force, the breaking rod 10 is broken, the piston 12 starts to push the ejectors 14 to move along the launching tube 15 and to be discharged out of the tube, the measurement and control system 16 collects the pressure and the temperature in the launching tube 15 and the acceleration on the ejectors 14 in real time in the ejection process, and after the ejectors 14 are discharged out of the tube, the measurement and control system 16 closes the quick valve, the stop valve and the pressure regulating valve in sequence.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following gain effects:

(1) the invention provides a test platform for air ejection related specialties, particularly high-pressure air ejection specialties, simulates an ejection process, measures parameters such as acceleration and rotation conditions of an ejection system in an ejection barrel, temperature and pressure in the barrel in real time, realizes dynamic characteristic research of the ejection process of the ejection system in the ejection barrel, provides comparison data for theoretical analysis, and finally realizes a scaling test of the ejection process in the ejection barrel.

(2) The invention accurately controls the valve core displacement of the pressure regulating valve through the pneumatic execution structure, realizes the closed-loop control of the pressure regulating valve in a short time, meets the requirements of the ejection system on approximately uniform acceleration and low-load motion, and effectively reduces the impact in the motion process of the ejection system;

(3) the data acquisition system, the acceleration sensor and the gyroscope are fixed on the ejection object system, so that offline acquisition is realized, the damage rate of the acceleration sensor, the gyroscope and other equipment is effectively reduced, and the economical efficiency of the system is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test apparatus;

fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the ejection system;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the ejection system;

figure 4 is an enlarged partial view of a cross-sectional view of the ejection system.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A vertical ejection scale test device constructed based on high-pressure air is disclosed, as shown in figures 1 and 2, and comprises: the device comprises an air compressor 1, an inflation valve 2, a dryer 3, a high-pressure air tank 4, a stop valve 5, a quick valve 6, an adjusting valve 7, a pipeline system 8, a support 9, a snapping rod 10, an air inlet seal head 11, a piston 12, a guide wheel 13, an ejection object 14, a launching tube 15 and a measurement and control system 16.

The stop valve 5 is connected with the high-pressure gas tank 5 through a pipeline, the quick valve 6 is positioned at the downstream of the stop valve 5 and is connected with the stop valve 6 through a pipeline, and the regulating valve 7 is positioned at the downstream of the quick valve 6 and is connected with an ejection system through a pipeline;

the stop valve 5 adopts an electric ball valve, and the full opening and closing time is not more than 30 s;

the quick valve 6 adopts a Z-shaped balanced structure, and the opening and closing time is not more than 1.5 s;

the regulating valve 7 adopts a V-shaped ball valve, the displacement of a valve core is accurately controlled in a closed loop mode through a pneumatic execution structure, the pressure in the ejection cylinder is basically constant, and the full-stroke opening and closing time is not more than 2 s;

the pipeline system 8 is made of galvanized steel, and the pipe diameter is not more than DN 80;

one end of the support 9 is fixed on the ground through 4 support rods, and the other end of the support is fixed in the middle of the first section of launching tube through a flange;

the breaking rod 10, namely a device for locking the movement of the piston, is designed to be replaceable, one end of the breaking rod is fixed on the air inlet end socket 11, the other end of the breaking rod is fixed on the piston 12, after the ejection system starts to work, when the acting force of high-pressure air overcomes the tensile force of the breaking rod 10, the breaking rod 10 is broken, the piston 12 starts to move, and the device can ensure that the piston 12 is ejected under certain starting pressure;

the air inlet end socket 11 is hemispherical and is connected with the launching tube 15, and an air inlet hole is formed in the end socket 11 and is communicated with a pipeline behind the pressure regulating valve 7;

the piston 12 is provided with a plurality of sealing grooves; the outer diameter of the piston is 1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the launching tube, and brush type sealing is adopted; the end part is rounded to prevent scraping with the cylinder body; the radial rib plates are adopted for reinforcement, and the radial rib plates are in plane contact with the tail part of the ejection object 14; the piston 12 adopts a self-aligning structure to ensure that the piston cannot tip over;

the guide wheel 13 is elastically supported and tightly propped against the inner wall surface of the launching tube 15.

The ejection object 14 is a scaled model of a certain model, has a certain thickness, meets the requirements of resistance reduction, dynamic balance and the like, and is connected with the inner wall of the launch barrel 15 through an upper guide wheel 13 and a lower guide wheel 13; a manhole is formed in the ejection object 14, so that a pressure sensor, an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope, a miniature data collector and the like can be conveniently installed;

the launch canister 15 is welded by carbon steel and is divided into a plurality of sections. The lowest cylinder body is provided with a sealing groove to seal with the piston, so that the pressure of the air chamber can be quickly established. And the inner cylinder is precisely machined, and the cylindricity, straightness tolerance and interface tolerance are guaranteed. The total coaxiality tolerance after installation is within 2 mm. And each section is connected by adopting a flange bolt, and is positioned by adopting a spigot, so that the butt joint coaxiality is ensured. The sealing adopts a groove and a rubber plate, and the seam is smoothly ground.

The measurement and control system 16 sends an air supply and adjustment instruction to the system, and finishes the acquisition and measurement of each parameter of the system.

The working process is as follows: firstly, the air compressor 1 injects gas into a high-pressure air storage tank 4 through an inflation valve 2 and a dryer 3 in advance to form a high-pressure ejection power source; after receiving a launch preparation instruction of a measurement and control system 16, opening an electric stop valve 5, prefabricating a pressure regulating valve 7 after the stop valve 5 is in place, opening a quick valve 6 and the pressure regulating valve 7 in sequence after prefabrication is finished, allowing high-pressure gas to quickly enter a launch barrel 15 along a pipeline system 8, and establishing launch pressure at the bottom of the launch barrel 15; the compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank 4 is rapidly and continuously injected into the launching tube 15, and the pressure in the tube is continuously increased; when the tensile force applied to the breaking rod 10 by the pressure reaches the designed breaking force, the breaking rod 10 is broken, the piston 12 starts to push the ejectors 14 to move along the launching tube 15 and to be discharged out of the tube, wherein the guide wheel 13 has the function of connecting the ejectors 14 with the launching tube 15 to guide the ejectors 14, the measurement and control system 16 collects parameters such as the pressure and the temperature in the launching tube 15, the acceleration on the ejectors 14 and parameters such as a gyroscope in real time in the ejection process, and after the ejectors 14 are discharged out of the tube, the measurement and control system 16 closes the quick valve, the stop valve and the pressure regulating valve in sequence.