1. An optical sensor is characterized by comprising a light source, an optical cavity, a light detector and a diaphragm;

the light source is positioned at one end of the optical cavity and is used for inputting light rays into the optical cavity;

the light detector is used for receiving at least part of light emitted by the light source;

the diaphragm is arranged on at least part of the side wall of the optical cavity or on the other end of the optical cavity opposite to the light source, and the diaphragm deforms when being subjected to external force so as to reduce light rays received by the light detector.

2. The optical sensor of claim 1, wherein the photodetector is located at an opposite end of the optical cavity from the light source;

the optical cavity comprises a plurality of side walls, at least one side wall is provided with the diaphragm, and the diaphragm deforms when being subjected to external force to shield partial light emitted by the light source.

3. The optical sensor of claim 1, wherein the photodetector is located at an opposite end of the optical cavity from the light source;

the diaphragm encloses the lateral wall of the optical cavity, and deforms when being subjected to external force to shield partial light emitted by the light source.

4. The optical sensor of claim 1, wherein the light source and the light detector are located at the same end of the optical cavity, the diaphragm is located at the other end of the optical cavity, and light emitted from the light source is reflected by the diaphragm and then transmitted to the light detector;

the diaphragm deforms when subjected to an external force, and part of light is reflected to an area outside the optical detector.

5. The optical sensor of claim 1, wherein the optical cavity comprises a first cavity and a second cavity, the diaphragm being located on a side wall of the first cavity, the second cavity comprising at least one vent.

6. The optical sensor of claim 5, wherein the first and second cavities are arranged coaxially, with a transparent lens disposed therebetween.

7. The optical sensor of claim 5, wherein the optical axes of the first cavity and the second cavity are parallel or have an included angle different from zero, and at least one reflective mirror is disposed between the first cavity and the second cavity and configured to reflect at least a part of the light beam emitted from the light source to the light detector.

8. The optical sensor of claim 5, further comprising a beam splitter for splitting light emitted from the light source to the first and second cavities;

the optical detector comprises a first detector and a second detector, and the first detector and the second detector are respectively positioned at one ends of the first cavity and the second cavity, which are far away from the beam splitter.

9. The optical sensor according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the first cavity is a sealed cavity and the second cavity is a non-sealed cavity.

10. A fire alarm device, comprising a processing module, an alarm module and the optical sensor of any one of claims 1 to 9;

the alarm module and the optical detector of the optical sensor are connected with the processing module, and the processing module is used for controlling the alarm module to output alarm information when the optical signal received by the optical detector is smaller than a preset threshold value.

Background

Along with the enhancement of environmental awareness of people, new energy vehicles carrying lithium ion power batteries are more and more, and the technical level of the current lithium batteries can not guarantee the safety of the batteries, so that accidents such as ignition of some electric vehicles and the like can often happen, and personal and property safety is damaged.

Before a lithium battery breaks down and can cause fire, pressure changes often occur, and a sensor which is easy to integrate and low in cost is lacked in the prior art, so that the lithium battery is difficult to popularize and apply.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides an optical sensor and a fire alarm device, wherein the optical sensor adopts an optical principle, realizes external force measurement by utilizing a simple structure, and has the advantages of high sensitivity and low cost.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical sensor, including a light source, an optical cavity, a light detector, and a diaphragm;

the light source is positioned at one end of the optical cavity and is used for inputting light rays into the optical cavity;

the light detector is used for receiving at least part of light emitted by the light source;

the diaphragm is arranged on at least part of the side wall of the optical cavity or on the other end of the optical cavity opposite to the light source, and the diaphragm deforms when being subjected to external force so as to reduce light rays received by the light detector.

Optionally, the light detector is located at the other end of the optical cavity opposite to the light source;

the optical cavity comprises a plurality of side walls, at least one side wall is provided with the diaphragm, and the diaphragm deforms when being subjected to external force to shield partial light emitted by the light source.

Optionally, the light detector is located at the other end of the optical cavity opposite to the light source;

the diaphragm encloses the lateral wall of the optical cavity, and deforms when being subjected to external force to shield partial light emitted by the light source.

Optionally, the light source and the light detector are located at the same end of the optical cavity, the diaphragm is located at the other end of the optical cavity, and light emitted from the light source is reflected by the diaphragm and then transmitted to the light detector;

the diaphragm deforms when subjected to an external force, and part of light is reflected to an area outside the optical detector.

Optionally, the optical cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity, the diaphragm is located on a side wall of the first cavity, and the second cavity includes at least one vent hole.

Optionally, the first cavity and the second cavity are arranged in a coaxial manner, and a transparent lens is arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity.

Optionally, the optical axes of the first cavity and the second cavity are parallel or have an included angle different from zero, at least one reflective lens is disposed between the first cavity and the second cavity, and the reflective lens is configured to reflect at least a part of light beams emitted by the light source to the optical detector.

Optionally, the light source further comprises a beam splitter, and the beam splitter is used for splitting the light emitted by the light source into the first cavity and the second cavity;

the optical detector comprises a first detector and a second detector, and the first detector and the second detector are respectively positioned at one ends of the first cavity and the second cavity, which are far away from the beam splitter.

Optionally, the first cavity is a sealed cavity, and the second cavity is a non-sealed cavity.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fire alarm device, including a processing module, an alarm module, and any one of the optical sensors described above;

the alarm module and the optical detector of the optical sensor are connected with the processing module, and the processing module is used for controlling the alarm module to output alarm information when the optical signal received by the optical detector is smaller than a preset threshold value.

The optical sensor provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a light source, an optical cavity, a light detector and a diaphragm; the light source is arranged at one end of the optical cavity and inputs light rays into the optical cavity; receiving at least part of light emitted by the light source through a light detector; the diaphragm is arranged on at least part of the side wall of the optical cavity or on the other end of the optical cavity opposite to the light source, and deforms when being subjected to external force, so that light rays received by the optical detector are reduced, external force measurement is realized according to the intensity change of the light rays received by the optical detector, and the diaphragm has the advantages of high sensitivity and low cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical sensor shown in FIG. 1 after being subjected to an external force;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 7 to 9 are schematic views illustrating an operation state of the optical sensor shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire alarm device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention are used in the angle shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, in this context, it is also to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly formed on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly formed on" or "under" the other element through an intermediate element. The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and not for purposes of limitation, and do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a light source 10, an optical cavity 20, a light detector 30, and a diaphragm 40; the light source 10 is positioned at one end of the optical cavity 20, and the light source 10 is used for inputting light rays into the optical cavity 20; the light detector 30 is used for receiving at least part of the light emitted by the light source 10; the diaphragm 40 is disposed on at least a portion of a sidewall of the optical cavity 20 or on the other end of the optical cavity 20 opposite to the light source 10 (the diaphragm 40 is exemplarily shown on the sidewall of the optical cavity 20 in fig. 1, which is not a limitation of the embodiment of the present invention), and the diaphragm 40 deforms when receiving an external force to reduce the light received by the light detector 30.

The light source 10 is used to emit light to be measured, the type of the light source 10 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, for example, a light emitting diode LED, a laser, etc. may be used, and the light source 10 may be a single light source with different spectra in different bands from ultraviolet to infrared, or a combined light source. The light detector 30 is used for receiving the emergent light of the light source 10 and converting the light signal into an electrical signal. The diaphragm 40 has certain elasticity and can deform when being subjected to an external force, for example, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical sensor shown in fig. 1 after being subjected to the external force, and referring to fig. 1, when the diaphragm 40 is not deformed by the external force or other reasons, the light detector 30 completely receives light emitted by the light source 10; referring to fig. 2, when the diaphragm 40 is deformed due to external force, the diaphragm 40 blocks a part of light, the energy received by the light detector 30 is reduced, the diaphragm 40 is also continuously changed along with the continuous change of the external force, the change of the diaphragm 40 affects the optical receiving amount of the light detector 30, the light detector 30 is a photosensitive device, and can convert the optical energy into electric energy, and convert a weak electric signal into a digital signal through an amplifying circuit to output, so as to form an optical sensor which can be used in engineering. When the optical cavity 20 is of a different type, a variety of different sensors may be formed, for example: for the closed cavity, the deformation caused by different pressure differences can be detected, and then a new sensor is formed, such as a gas pressure sensor, a water surface depth sensor, an altitude sensor and the like; the non-hermetic type can detect the deformation caused by simple external force, thereby forming a new sensor. Such as load cells, sensors for testing impact force, etc.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the light source is arranged at one end of the optical cavity and inputs light rays into the optical cavity; receiving at least part of light emitted by the light source through a light detector; the diaphragm is arranged on at least part of the side wall of the optical cavity or on the other end of the optical cavity opposite to the light source, and deforms when being subjected to external force, so that light rays received by the optical detector are reduced, external force measurement is realized according to the intensity change of the light rays received by the optical detector, and the diaphragm has the advantages of high sensitivity and low cost.

On the basis of the above technical scheme, optionally, the light detector is located at the other end of the optical cavity opposite to the light source; the optical cavity comprises a plurality of side walls, at least one side wall is provided with a diaphragm, and the diaphragm deforms when being subjected to external force to shield part of light emitted by the light source.

Illustratively, with continuing reference to fig. 1, the light detector 30 is located at the other end of the optical cavity 20, wherein fig. 1 shows a side of the optical sensor, and therefore, each side wall is not shown, and in an embodiment, three, four, five or even more side walls may be designed, and at least one side wall is provided with the diaphragm 40, and in an embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention may be designed according to practical situations, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.

In another embodiment, the diaphragm may be directly used to form a side wall of the optical cavity, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, optionally, the light detector 30 is located at the other end of the optical cavity 20 opposite to the light source 10; the diaphragm 40 encloses the side wall of the optical cavity 20, and the diaphragm 40 deforms when subjected to an external force to block part of light emitted from the light source 10. In specific implementation, the optical cavity 20 may be a cylinder, and the diaphragm 40 surrounds the side wall of the optical cavity 20, so as to detect external forces around the optical cavity 20 in various directions.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, optionally, the light source 10 and the light detector 30 are located at the same end of the optical cavity 20, the diaphragm 40 is located at the other end of the optical cavity 20, and light emitted from the light source 10 is reflected by the diaphragm 40 and then transmitted to the light detector 30; fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical sensor shown in fig. 4 after being subjected to an external force, and referring to fig. 5, the diaphragm 40 is deformed when being subjected to the external force, and part of light is reflected to an area outside the light detector 30, so as to change light energy received by the light detector 30.

In another embodiment, the number of optical cavities is not limited to one, for example two cavities may be used to form a hybrid sensor, for example a hybrid sensor that detects pressure and smoke simultaneously. Optionally, the optical cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity, the diaphragm is located on a side wall of the first cavity, and the second cavity includes at least one vent hole. Optionally, the first cavity is a sealed cavity, and the second cavity is a non-sealed cavity.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, optionally, the optical cavity 20 includes a first cavity 21 and a second cavity 22, the diaphragm 40 is located on a side wall of the first cavity 21, the second cavity 22 includes at least one vent hole 221 (only one is taken as an example in fig. 6, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited), the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22 are coaxially arranged, and a transparent lens 23 is disposed between the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22.

It can be understood that the first cavity 21 is used for detecting external force, the second cavity 22 is provided with a vent 221, which can be used as a smoke sensor detection cavity, fig. 7 to 9 are schematic views of an operation state of the optical sensor shown in fig. 6, respectively, where fig. 7 shows an operation state without external force and with smoke, as is apparent from fig. 7, in a process that light passes through the first cavity 21, since the transmittance of the transparent lens 20 is above 90%, light energy is almost not attenuated, but after passing through a smoke particle area of the second cavity 22, optical energy changes, and attenuation is proportional to smoke concentration. The variation of the optical energy can be used as an alarm signal for smoke alarm. Fig. 8 shows the operating state with external force and without smoke, which is similar to fig. 2. Fig. 9 shows the operation with external force and smoke, and it is apparent from fig. 9 that the light is attenuated both after passing through the membrane and after smoke. The superposition produces a change in the energy at the receiving end, which has the advantage that the composite change increases the amount of change, and the disadvantage that smoke and pressure cannot be distinguished. However, in some occasions, it is not necessary to distinguish which alarm belongs, for example, in a novel thermal runaway detection pressure and smoke stage of the lithium battery, no matter which reason is not important, the two alarms can be more advantageous if the detection progress can be accelerated by overlapping.

Optionally, optical axes of the first cavity and the second cavity are parallel or have an included angle different from zero, at least one reflective mirror is disposed between the first cavity and the second cavity, and the reflective mirror is configured to reflect at least a part of light beams emitted from the light source to the light detector.

Exemplarily, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 10, in this embodiment, optical axes of the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22 are parallel, a reflective mirror 24 and a reflective mirror 25 are disposed between the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22, and the reflective mirror 24 and the reflective mirror 25 are used for reflecting at least a part of the light beam emitted from the light source 10 to the light detector 30. Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 11, in this embodiment, an included angle α different from zero exists between optical axes of the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22, a reflective mirror 26 is disposed between the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22, and the reflective mirror 26 is used for reflecting at least a part of a light beam emitted from the light source 10 to the light detector 30. This advantageously reduces the size of the sensor by deflecting the light path.

In another embodiment, it is also possible to distinguish between external forces and smoke, providing a separate detection. Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 12, optionally, the optical sensor provided in this embodiment further includes a beam splitter 27, where the beam splitter 27 is configured to split light emitted from the light source 10 into the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22; the light detector 30 includes a first detector 31 and a second detector 32, and the first detector 31 and the second detector 32 are respectively located at ends of the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22 far away from the beam splitter 27. Therefore, the mutual interference of external force detection and smoke detection can be avoided, and the independent detection can be realized.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire alarm device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 13, the fire alarm device according to the embodiment includes a processing module 100, an alarm module 200, and any one of the optical sensors 300 according to the above embodiments; the alarm module 200 and the optical detector (not shown in fig. 13) of the optical sensor 200 are both connected to the processing module 100, and the processing module 100 is configured to control the alarm module to output alarm information when the optical signal received by the optical detector is smaller than a preset threshold. The specific preset threshold may be designed according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited.

The fire alarm device that this embodiment provided includes any one optical sensor that above-mentioned embodiment provided, possesses the same or corresponding technological effect with optical sensor, and this fire alarm device can be arranged in new energy automobile, in time reports to the police when lithium ion battery breaks down to the suggestion user in time handles, effectively avoids serious accident on fire.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.