1. An ultrahigh frequency dynamic pressure sensor, characterized by: including pressure sensor shell, output socket and pressure cylinder, the fixed one end that sets up at the pressure sensor shell of output socket, the fixed other end that sets up at the pressure sensor shell of pressure cylinder, from last to having set gradually two piezoelectric quartz crystal pieces down in the pressure cylinder, two be provided with metal conducting strip electrode between the piezoelectric quartz crystal piece, the tip of pressure cylinder is through the fixed diaphragm that is provided with of frock, the diaphragm offsets with piezoelectric quartz crystal piece, the tip edge of pressure cylinder is provided with the screw thread, and the outside component of being surveyed passes through the screw thread and links to each other with pressure sensor.

2. The uhf dynamic pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the pressure cylinder is phi 3 mm-phi 5 mm.

3. The uhf dynamic pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein: the pressure sensor shell is made of high-strength stainless steel materials.

4. The ultra high frequency dynamic pressure sensor of claim 3, wherein: the pressure cylinder is welded with the pressure sensor shell into a whole.

5. The ultra high frequency dynamic pressure sensor of claim 4, wherein: the two piezoelectric quartz crystal slices are equal in size.

6. The ultra high frequency dynamic pressure sensor of claim 5, wherein: and a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating layer is arranged outside the output socket.

Background

The frequency index is an important index of the piezoelectric pressure sensor, the data of explosion energy needs to be tested by the pressure sensor, the power evaluation of the performance of novel weapons and ammunition needs to be evaluated by the pressure index, if the frequency index of the used pressure sensor is not high, the tested useful pressure value is limited, and the error is even larger than 50%. In the test of occasions (such as bore pressure and nuclear explosion) needing to obtain ultrahigh-frequency dynamic pressure signals, the pressure sensor with common frequency cannot meet the requirement. To improve the frequency response, a breakthrough must be made in the structure and production process, and the key point is to improve the rigidity of the sensitive end of the sensor, so that the rigidity is poor, and the frequency range cannot be breached.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an ultrahigh frequency dynamic pressure sensor.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

the utility model provides an hyperfrequency developments pressure sensor, includes pressure sensor shell, output socket and pressure cylinder, the fixed one end that sets up at the pressure sensor shell of output socket, the fixed other end that sets up at the pressure sensor shell of pressure cylinder, from last to having set gradually two piezoelectric quartz crystal pieces down, two in the pressure cylinder be provided with metal conducting strip electrode between the piezoelectric quartz crystal piece, the tip of pressure cylinder is provided with the diaphragm through the frock is fixed, the diaphragm offsets with piezoelectric quartz crystal piece, the tip edge of pressure cylinder is provided with the screw thread, and the outside component of being surveyed passes through the screw thread and links to each other with pressure sensor.

Preferably, the diameter of the pressure cylinder is phi 3 mm-phi 5 mm.

Preferably, the pressure sensor housing is made of high-strength stainless steel material.

Preferably, the pressure cylinder is welded with the pressure sensor shell into a whole.

Preferably, the piezoelectric quartz crystal piece is equally large.

Preferably, a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating layer is arranged outside the output socket.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the sensor that this application provided includes pressure sensor shell, output socket and pressure cylinder, and output socket and pressure cylinder are fixed respectively and are set up the both ends at the pressure sensor shell, have set gradually two piezoelectricity quartz crystal pieces, two from last to down in the pressure cylinder be provided with the metal conducting strip electrode between the piezoelectricity quartz crystal piece, the tip of pressure cylinder is provided with the diaphragm through the frock is fixed. The high-frequency dynamic pressure sensor provided by the application adopts 17-4 high-strength stainless steel to be matched with a delicate and small structure, ensures the improvement of rigidity, can reach a high-frequency range, and realizes the original design purpose of the high-frequency dynamic pressure sensor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrahigh frequency dynamic pressure sensor according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a time domain diagram of the explosion test of an ultrahigh frequency dynamic pressure sensor according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a frequency domain diagram of the explosion test of the ultrahigh frequency dynamic pressure sensor.

In the figure, 1-pressure sensor housing, 2-output socket, 3-pressure cylinder, 31-diaphragm, 32-output socket, 33-metal conductive sheet electrode, 4-screw thread.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention discloses an ultrahigh frequency dynamic pressure sensor, which comprises a pressure sensor shell 1, an output socket 32 and a pressure cylinder 3, wherein the pressure sensor shell 1 is made of high-strength stainless steel materials in the application, as shown in figure 1. The output socket 32 is fixedly arranged at one end of the pressure sensor shell 1, and a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating layer is arranged outside the output socket 32. Because the sensitive element piezoelectric crystal adopted by the pressure sensor is a high-insulation material, the insulation layer of the output socket 32 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene plastic, and the outgoing line is extruded by a beryllium bronze jack needle. The pressure cylinder 3 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the pressure sensor shell 1, and preferably, the pressure cylinder 3 is welded with the pressure sensor shell 1 into a whole. Two piezoelectric quartz crystal pieces are sequentially arranged in the pressure cylinder 3 from top to bottom, are as large as phi 2.5mm multiplied by 0.5 mm. Preferably, the diameter of the pressure cylinder 3 is Φ 3mm to Φ 5mm, and more preferably, the diameter of the pressure cylinder 3 is Φ 4 mm. Be provided with metal conducting strip electrode 33 between two piezoelectric quartz crystal pieces, the tip of pressure cylinder 3 is provided with diaphragm 31 through the frock is fixed, and diaphragm 31 offsets with piezoelectric quartz crystal piece, and the tip edge of pressure cylinder 3 is provided with screw thread 4, and the outside component of being surveyed links to each other with pressure sensor through screw thread 4, and screw thread 4 is connected with the component of being surveyed when being used for the sensor to use, and screw thread 4 adopts M10X 1.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

the application provides a hyperfrequency dynamic pressure sensor's pressure sensor shell 1 is produced by high strength stainless steel material, and pressure sensor shell 1 links to each other with pressure cylinder 3, and 3 diameters of pressure cylinder are phi 4mm, and pressure cylinder 3 and pressure sensor shell 1 welding form an organic whole. Two piezoelectric quartz crystal pieces with phi of 2.5mm multiplied by 0.5mm are placed in the pressure cylinder 3, and a metal conducting strip leading-out electrode is arranged between the two piezoelectric quartz crystal pieces. The diaphragm 31 and the pressure cylinder 3 are extruded into a whole through a tool, and the assembled sensor is welded along the circumferential direction of the diaphragm 31 to form a complete pressure sensor.

The working principle is as follows:

when pressure shock waves transmitted along the axial direction of the sensor impact the sensor diaphragm 31, the diaphragm 31 is pressed and deformed to press the piezoelectric crystal, the piezoelectric crystal generates charges (Q), namely the piezoelectric effect, and the piezoelectric pressure sensor can be manufactured by utilizing the piezoelectric effect. The main indicators of the pressure sensor are sensitivity and frequency response, the sensitivity is the quantity of electric charge (Q) output by the sensor at a unit explosion pressure (MPa), and the sensitivity can be obtained by changing the number and the size of crystal plates. The frequency response reflects how fast the pressure sensor receives the signal, expressed in (KHz).

The test method comprises the following steps:

1. resonant frequency testing

The method for testing the frequency of the high-frequency dynamic pressure sensor adopts a method for detecting the resonant frequency by small powder explosion, and the test of the method is as follows: the tested sensor is clamped, the output line of the sensor is connected with a high-frequency data acquisition system, and transient pressure generated by explosion is transmitted to the data acquisition system. The high-speed data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the data through a high-frequency charge amplifier or a broadband constant-current adapter. As shown in FIG. 2, the time domain has no oscillation after delay, the rising edge is about 2 muS, as shown in FIG. 3, the spectrogram shows that the resonance frequency is more than 400KHz, the test result is compared with the test result of the China aerospace 102 metering station, and the test conclusion is the same. The test method is a breakthrough, and a tens of thousands of data acquisition systems are used for replacing tens of millions of shock tube pressure sensor dynamic test devices with large volumes.

2. Sensitivity testing

In order to synchronize dynamic basic principles of explosion, hydraulic dynamic testing is adopted for all the sensitivity of a pressure sensor, the method is that a hydraulic dynamic load method is adopted, a piston is knocked by a hammer, five groups of data are obtained, and the sensitivity and the linearity are obtained through least square calculation. The standard sensor is of a piezoresistive type, a test value directly enters a data acquisition unit, a signal of a sensor to be tested enters a charge amplifier or a constant current adapter according to the type, an output value of the sensor to be tested enters the data acquisition unit, and the sensitivity of the sensor to be tested is obtained by calculating two groups of data through the data acquisition unit.

The ultrahigh frequency dynamic pressure sensor obtained by the manufacturing method has the following main technical indexes:

charge sensitivity: 20pC/MPa

Resonance frequency: > 400KHz

Temperature range: -20 ℃ to +200 DEG C

Measuring range: 0.1MPa-400MPa

The external dimension is as follows: 30mm (length) × 10mm

In order to improve the frequency response, a breakthrough must be made in the structure and production process, and the key point is to improve the rigidity of the sensitive end of the sensor. The development of the sensor fills the blank of the domestic ultrahigh frequency piezoelectric pressure sensor, and ensures that the requirement of the military of the test project meets the domestic controllable and available requirement of the test equipment.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.