1. An optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling pipeline is characterized by comprising a pipe body and at least one optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber is provided with a winding portion and a connecting portion connected with the winding portion, the connecting portion extends out of the outside of the pipe body, the winding portion is arranged in the pipe body, two ends of the winding portion are fixed with the pipe body, and the pipe body can deform, so that the radius of the winding portion becomes smaller, and the optical loss is increased.

2. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is provided with a buckle, the buckle is provided with a fixing hole for fixing one end of the optical fiber and at least one movable hole for the optical fiber to pass through, one end of the optical fiber passes through the fixing hole and extends out of the tube body, and the other end of the optical fiber is wound at least one turn to form the winding portion and extends out of the movable hole.

3. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 2, wherein the tube body comprises a ball head member, a first rotating joint and a first sleeve, one part of the ball head member is connected with the first rotating joint, the other part of the ball head member is movably arranged in the first sleeve, the ball head member has a cavity for accommodating the coil portion, the optical fiber comprises at least two first optical fibers for detecting the orientation, and when the first rotating joint rotates relative to the first sleeve, the radius of the coil portion of the two first optical fibers is reduced, so that the optical loss is increased.

4. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 3, wherein the first optical fiber is 4 in a circular arrangement.

5. The photonic quantum shaft coupling pipeline optical fiber sensor according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the optical fiber further comprises at least a second optical fiber, and the first optical fiber is disposed around the second optical fiber.

6. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 5, wherein the tube body further comprises a first inner tube, a second tube sleeved on the first inner tube, a second adapter coaxially disposed with the first inner tube, and a third adapter, wherein one end of the second tube is connected to the first adapter, one end of the first inner tube is connected to the second adapter, the first tube is connected to the third adapter, and the connecting portions of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are coiled in the first inner tube.

7. The optical quantum shaft coupling pipeline optical fiber sensor according to claim 2, the tube body comprises a third sleeve, an inner tube sleeve arranged in the third sleeve, a fourth adapter, a fifth adapter and a beveling adapter which are coaxially connected with the inner tube, the optical fiber comprises at least two third optical fibers for detecting the wind direction, the inner sleeve is internally provided with elastic pieces and supporting rods for fixing the elastic pieces, the number of the elastic pieces is the same as that of the third optical fibers, the movable ends of the coiling parts of the two third optical fibers are connected with one end of the elastic piece, the other end of the elastic piece is arranged on the supporting rod, the inclined joint is arranged in the third sleeve and can rotate along with the third sleeve, the inclined surface of the inclined joint is in contact pressure with the elastic pieces, the radius of the coil portion of the third optical fiber is made smaller as it rotates to increase the optical loss, and the coil portion is restored by the elastic member.

8. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 7, wherein the support rod is fixed to an inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is provided with a through slot for swinging one end of the elastic member, and the windings of the third optical fiber are arranged in parallel.

9. The optical quantum coupling tube optical fiber sensor according to claim 2, wherein the tube body comprises a second inner flexible tube, a fourth sleeve disposed on the second inner flexible tube, a sixth adapter and a seventh adapter coaxially disposed with the second inner flexible tube, the optical fiber comprises at least a fourth optical fiber, a winding portion of the fourth optical fiber is disposed in the second inner flexible tube, one end of the fourth sleeve is connected to the sixth adapter, one end of the second inner flexible tube is connected to the seventh adapter, and when the second inner flexible tube is stretched, a radius of the winding portion of the fourth optical fiber is decreased, so that optical loss is increased.

10. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 9, wherein a first resetting member is disposed in the second telescoping inner tube, one end of the first resetting member is connected to the sixth adapter, the other end of the first resetting member is connected to the seventh adapter, and the winding portion of the fourth optical fiber is disposed in the first resetting member.

11. The optical fiber sensor for the photonic quantum shaft coupling pipeline according to claim 9, further comprising a transmission device, a semiconductor sensor, an MCU chip and a power supply module, wherein the transmission device, the semiconductor sensor and the power supply module are connected to the MCU chip, an output shaft of the transmission device is connected to the second telescopic inner tube, and when the semiconductor sensor acquires data, the MCU chip controls the transmission device to operate the second telescopic inner tube to stretch and transmit the data detected by the semiconductor sensor.

12. The photonic quantum coupling pipeline optical fiber sensor according to claim 11, wherein the power supply device comprises a rechargeable module, a monocrystalline silicon wafer, and a rechargeable optical fiber, the rechargeable optical fiber is disposed on a light receiving surface of the monocrystalline silicon wafer, and the monocrystalline silicon wafer is irradiated with the light quantum output from the rechargeable optical fiber to enable the rechargeable module.

13. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 2, wherein the tube body comprises a third inner flexible tube, a fifth tube sleeved on the third inner flexible tube, an eighth adapter and a ninth adapter coaxially disposed with the third inner flexible tube, the optical fiber comprises at least a fifth optical fiber, a winding portion of the fifth optical fiber is disposed in the third inner flexible tube, the winding portion of the fifth optical fiber is wound by two or more turns, one end of the fifth tube is connected to the eighth adapter, one end of the third inner flexible tube is connected to the ninth adapter, and when the third inner flexible tube is compressed, one radius of the two windings of the fifth optical fiber is decreased, so that the optical loss is increased.

14. The optical fiber sensor of claim 13, wherein the number of the movable holes is two, and the movable holes are respectively located at two sides of the fixed hole, the third inner telescopic tube is provided with a second reset piece, the buckle is fixed to the middle of the second reset piece, and two ends of the second reset piece are respectively abutted to the eighth adapter and the ninth adapter.

15. The optical fiber sensor according to claim 1, wherein the tube body comprises a fourth inner telescopic tube, a sixth sleeve sleeved on the fourth inner telescopic tube, a tenth adapter and an eleventh adapter coaxially arranged with the fourth inner telescopic tube, a sixth optical fiber and a third restoring member are arranged in the fourth inner telescopic tube, and the sixth optical fiber and the third restoring member are wrapped together and form a spiral shape; the one end and the tenth adapter of sixth sheathed tube are connected, the one end and the eleventh adapter of the flexible inner tube of fourth are connected, when the flexible inner tube of fourth was rotated, make the radius of sixth optical fiber's spiral portion diminish and make the optical loss increase.

16. The optical quantum coupling tube fiber optic sensor of claim 15, wherein the third reset element is longer than the spiral portion of the sixth optical fiber and has two ends connected to the tenth transition and the eleventh transition, respectively.

17. An optical sensing and detection system comprising an optical measuring instrument and further comprising one or a combination of any two or more of at least one quantum shaft coupling pipe optical fiber sensor according to any one of claims 3 to 16, wherein when two or more quantum shaft coupling pipe optical fiber sensors are used, the quantum shaft coupling pipe optical fiber sensors are connected in series or in parallel, and wherein one end of one quantum shaft coupling pipe optical fiber sensor is connected to the optical measuring instrument.

Background

Semiconductor sensors (e.g., temperature sensors, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, gas sensors, ion sensors, biosensors, gas sensors, light-sensitive sensors, etc.) refer to sensors made of semiconductor materials with various physical, chemical, and biological properties, which can realize the interconversion between physical quantities such as electricity, light, temperature, sound, displacement, pressure, etc., and are easy to realize integration and multi-functionalization, and are more suitable for the requirements of computers, so they are widely used in automated detection systems. The semiconductor sensor mainly works by converting a non-electric signal into an electric signal, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high response speed, small volume, light weight, convenience for integration and intellectualization, capability of integrating detection and conversion and the like. Therefore, the semiconductor sensor can be widely applied to the fields of industrial automation, remote measurement, industrial robots, household appliances, environmental pollution monitoring, medical care, medical engineering, bioengineering and the like.

However, the detection of the semiconductor sensor is easily affected by the environment, the detection sensitivity is very low, even the detection fails, the stability is very low in a severe environment, the service life of the semiconductor material is short, the semiconductor material can only be generally maintained for two to ten years, and the maintenance cost is high. And the semiconductor sensor can work only under the active condition and can not be used in passive environments such as the field and the like. Data acquired by the semiconductor sensor is converted into electric signals and also transmitted through the conductor, so that the transmission distance is limited, and long-distance transmission cannot be realized. In addition, the semiconductor sensor needs at least one power line and one signal number during wiring, and the wiring construction is complicated and the installation and maintenance cost is high.

In addition, at present, dangerous buildings, tunnels, dams, bridges and the like are not monitored comprehensively, and even lack real-time monitoring. If the real-time monitoring of data such as displacement, settlement, crack and inclination of a dangerous building occurs, the real-time monitoring of data such as deformation, settlement and crack of a tunnel occurs, the real-time monitoring of data such as settlement, crack, water level, flow velocity, inclination and structural stress of a dam occurs, the real-time monitoring mode of data such as displacement, settlement, crack, structural stress, wind direction and wind speed of a bridge occurs is obviously insufficient, and if the monitoring is not timely, accidents are likely to occur due to the fact that advance prediction does not exist.

Thus, the prior art has yet to be improved and enhanced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an optical fiber sensor for a photon coupling pipeline, so as to solve the problems that the existing sensor needs to be supplied with power and the work is influenced by the environment.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an optical fiber sensor of optical quantum coupling pipeline comprises a tube body and at least one optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber is provided with a winding portion and a connecting portion connected with the winding portion, the connecting portion extends out of the outer side of the tube body, the winding portion is arranged in the tube body, two ends of the winding portion are fixed with the tube body, and the tube body can deform, so that the radius of the winding portion becomes smaller, and the optical loss is increased.

The invention also provides an optical sensing detection system, which comprises an optical measuring instrument and is characterized by also comprising one or the combination of any two or more of the quantum coupling shaft pipeline optical fiber sensors, when more than two quantum coupling shaft pipeline optical fiber sensors are adopted, the quantum coupling shaft pipeline optical fiber sensors are connected in series or in parallel, and one end of one quantum coupling shaft pipeline optical fiber sensor is connected with the optical measuring instrument.

Compared with the prior art, the optical fiber sensor for the optical fiber coupling pipeline comprises a tube body and at least one optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber is provided with a winding part and a connecting part connected with the winding part, the initial value of the radius of the winding part is equal to the minimum radius of curvature without obvious loss of the used optical fiber, the connecting part extends out of the outside of the tube body, the winding part is arranged in the tube body, two ends of the winding part are fixed with the tube body, the tube body can deform (such as swing, stretching, compression, twisting, rotation and the like) to enable the radius of the winding part to be larger or smaller, the radius of the optical fiber can be larger or smaller through tube body transmission when physical quantity changes, the optical fiber sensor for the optical fiber coupling pipeline is externally connected with an optical measuring instrument, optical quanta leaks to generate loss when passing through the optical fiber winding part with the minimum radius of curvature, and the optical measuring instrument detects that corresponding loss value passes through different radius values of the winding part recorded in advance when the physical quantity changes, The physical quantity and loss value benchmark relation table acquires corresponding radius value and physical quantity, detection of corresponding application scenes is completed, the sensor does not need an external power supply, and is not easily influenced by severe environment through a physical deformation detection mode, so that the detection accuracy is greatly improved, a plurality of optical fiber sensor networks can be formed in series and in parallel, and the sensor is suitable for physical quantity detection which requires high stability, can be real-time, has long service life, and is large in range and ultra-long in distance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic external structural diagram of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a first, a fourth, a fifth, a sixth, and a seventh preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber in an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling pipeline according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic external structural diagram of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of a fiber optic sensor of a photonic quantum coupling pipeline according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber in an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling pipeline according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic external structural diagram of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a cross-coupling structure formed by connecting a plurality of optical fiber sensors of an optical quantum coupling channel in series according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the sinking of the object under test when a plurality of optical fiber sensors of the photon coupling pipe are connected in series to form a transverse coupling.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of optical fiber sensors of an optical quantum coupling pipe are connected in series to form a vertical coupling.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a parallel coupling structure formed by multiple optical fiber sensors of photon coupling pipes according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the detection direction and angle of the optical fiber sensor of the optical quantum coupling pipe according to the second and third preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 15 is an exploded view of a fiber optic sensor of an optical quantum coupling channel according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a movable portion of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling pipe according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the sleeve and the movable portion of the optical fiber sensor of the optical quantum coupling pipe according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a fiber optic sensor of an optical quantum coupling pipe according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention for detecting wind direction.

Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a fiber optic sensor of an optical quantum coupling channel according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison between an initial state and a stretched state of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison between an expanded state and a contracted state when an expansion/contraction layer is disposed outside an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling pipe according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of an external transmission device of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling pipeline according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 25 is an exploded view of a fiber optic sensor of an optical quantum coupling channel according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber of an optical quantum coupling pipeline optical fiber sensor according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 27 is a diagram illustrating a comparison between an initial state and a compressed state of an optical fiber of a photonic quantum coupling pipeline according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber sensor for an optical fiber coupling pipe according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention for detecting liquid level.

Fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber sensor for optical quantum coupling pipeline according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention for measuring wind speed.

Fig. 30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 31 is an exploded view of a fiber optic sensor of an optical quantum coupling channel according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between an initial state and a twisted state of an optical fiber sensor of an optical quantum coupling tube according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 33 is a block diagram of a light-sensing detection system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which:

connecting part 122 of winding part 121 of optical fiber 12 of tube 11 is buckled 13

Ball head piece 21 first adapter 22 first sleeve 23 cavity 211

First optical fiber 24, second optical fiber 25, first telescoping inner tube 26

Second sleeve 2727 second adapter 28 third adapter 29 third sleeve 31

Inner sleeve 32, fourth adapter 33, fifth adapter 34, beveled adapter 35

Third optical fiber 36, support rod 37, elastic member 38, second telescoping inner tube 41

Fourth ferrule 42 sixth transition 43 seventh transition 44 fourth optical fiber 45

Eighth adapter 53 of fifth sleeve 52 of third telescopic inner tube 51 of first restoring member 46

Ninth adapter 54 fifth optical fiber 55, second restoring member 56, fourth telescoping inner tube 61

Sixth ferrule 62 tenth adapter 63 eleventh adapter 64 sixth optical fiber 65

Third reset member 66

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on," "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

It should be noted that the terms of orientation such as left, right, up and down in the embodiments of the present invention are only relative to each other or are referred to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.

The optical fiber sensor of the photon coupling pipeline provided by the invention detects the change of the physical quantity of the measured object by changing the bending degree of the optical fiber through the coupling pipeline, thereby being free from the influences of dirt, magnetism, sound, pressure, temperature, acceleration, gyroscopic motion, liquid level, torque, optoacoustic motion, current and the like. The optical fiber sensor for the photon coupling pipeline can be used for detecting physical quantities such as security, water level, liquid level, buoyancy, direction, wind speed, lift force, displacement, vibration, rotation, pressure, bending, strain, speed, acceleration, current, magnetic field, voltage, humidity, temperature, sound field, flow, concentration, pH value, strain and the like.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the optical fiber sensor for optical quantum coupling tubes provided by the present invention includes a tube 11 and at least one optical fiber 12, wherein the optical fiber 12 has a winding portion 121 and a connecting portion 122 connected to the winding portion 121, the connecting portion 122 extends out of the tube 11 and can be connected to a detection device (such as an optical measuring instrument) or other optical quantum coupling tube optical fiber sensor, the winding portion 121 is disposed in the tube 11, and both ends of the winding portion 121 are fixed to the tube 11. In this embodiment, the initial value of the radius of the coil portion 121 is equal to the minimum radius of curvature of the optical fiber used without significant loss, the tube 11 can be deformed to make the radius of the coil portion 121 smaller to increase the optical loss, and when the tube 11 can be deformed to make the coil portion 121 larger, the optical loss can be reduced.

When the physical quantity of the object to be detected changes, the optical measuring instrument detects the corresponding loss value, and the corresponding radius value and the physical quantity are obtained through the winding part different radius values, the physical quantities (such as the physical quantity after deformation, wind speed, wind direction, liquid level and the like) and the loss value reference relation table which are recorded in advance, so that the detection of the corresponding application scene is completed.

When connecting, the connecting portion 122 of the optical fiber 12 may be fused with other optical fibers 12, or a flange may be provided to connect with connectors of other optical fibers 12, so as to realize optical signal transmission. The optical fiber sensor for the optical quantum coupling pipeline can be directly placed at an object to be detected, and the tube body 11 is deformed (such as stretching, compressing, swinging, twisting, rotating and the like) when the physical mechanism of the object to be detected is changed, so that the optical fiber 12 is stretched, the radius of the coil part 121 is reduced, the optical loss is increased, or the radius is increased, the optical loss is reduced, and the optical loss is detected by the optical measuring instrument through the optical fiber 12.

Referring to fig. 2, the optical fiber 12 is provided with a buckle 13, the buckle 13 is provided with a fixing hole (not numbered) for fixing one end of the optical fiber 12 and at least one moving hole (not numbered) for the optical fiber 12 to pass through, the inner diameter of the moving hole is larger than that of the fixing hole, and the fixing hole is tightly matched with the optical fiber 12 to fix the optical fiber 12. During manufacturing, one end of the optical fiber 12 passes through the fixed hole and extends out of the tube 11, and the other end of the optical fiber 12 is wound at least one turn to form the coil part 121 and penetrates out of the movable hole. The coil portion 121 is circular, and when the coil portion 121 becomes small, light transmitted by the optical fiber 12 leaks at the coil portion 121, so that loss of output light occurs.

Further, an elastic member (not numbered in the drawing) is provided outside the coil part 121, and the coil part 121 is normally kept in a perfect circle, so that the stretched length of the coil part 121 when the radius is reduced can be accurately detected. The elastic member is a rubber ring or a bead ring, and when an external force is generated, the acting force of the elastic member is negligible, and when the external force disappears (i.e., when the elastic member is restored to a natural state), the coil portion 121 can be gradually restored to a perfect circle by the elastic member.

The optical fiber sensors of the photon coupling pipeline provided by the invention can be connected in series or in parallel, the axes of the sensors on the same straight line are overlapped to form a coupling sensor, and the optical fiber sensors are used for simultaneously detecting, so that the detection range can be enlarged.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, in a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tube 11 includes a ball head 21, a first rotating joint 22 and a first sleeve 23, one portion of the ball head 21 is connected to the first rotating joint 22, and another portion of the ball head 21 is movably disposed in the first sleeve 23, so that the first rotating joint 22 can rotate or swing within a certain angle (e.g., 0-120 degrees) in the first sleeve 23.

Wherein, the cross section of body 11 can be for circular, square, regular polygon etc. specifically sets up according to the detection scene of measurand object. The ball head member 21 has a cavity 211 for accommodating the coil portion, the optical fiber includes at least two first optical fibers 24 for detecting orientation, when the first adapter 22 rotates relative to the first sleeve 23, the radius of the coil portion of the two first optical fibers 24 is reduced, so that the optical loss is increased, for example, the optical quantum coupling pipeline optical fiber sensor of the second preferred embodiment is used for detecting geological data (e.g., land movement, subsidence, etc.), and when detecting structural change of a building, the tensile length of the first optical fiber 24 is determined according to the above table lookup manner through different optical loss values of the two first optical fibers 24, so as to predict whether the building has cracks, inclines, etc.

Further, the first optical fibers 24 are arranged in a circle with 4, the windings of the 4 first optical fibers 24 may be located at the same height or different heights, the 4 first optical fibers 24 may be located at the four halves of the arranged circle, and the reduced size of the winding of each first optical fiber 24 is different (i.e. the optical fibers are stretched in different lengths) when the first adapter 22 swings in the first sleeve 23, so that the optical loss values of the upper, lower, left and right at the same detection point can be detected, and the deformation direction and angle of the detection point can be calculated.

Further, the optical fiber further includes at least one second optical fiber 25, the first optical fiber 24 is disposed around the second optical fiber 25, and by disposing four first optical fibers 24 around the second optical fiber 25, the moving direction and moving angle of the adapter and the first ferrule 23 can be accurately detected.

The optical fiber sensor of the optical quantum coupling pipeline of the invention can be transversely pre-buried in series, as shown in fig. 9, when the optical fiber sensors of the optical quantum coupling pipeline of the second and third preferred embodiments are used for detecting geological subsidence (as shown in fig. 10) or uplift, the optical fiber sensors can be transversely pre-buried in series, of course, the optical fiber sensor of the optical quantum coupling pipeline of the invention can be longitudinally pre-buried in series, as shown in fig. 11, the optical fiber sensors generate light loss and time consumption and feed back to the optical measuring instrument end and the data processing server in real time, the method can be used for detecting seismic waves, and the earthquake can be predicted by calculation according to the stretched length of each coil part and the offset direction of the sensors. The invention can also adopt a plurality of optical fiber sensors to form a parallel coupling, and provides reliable data for monitoring and prediction in more fields, as shown in fig. 12, the optical fiber sensors form the parallel coupling as a whole, the length of each sensor stretched can be used for predicting whether collapse, inclination, cracks and the like of a dangerous building occur, and the detection precision can be increased and the detection range can be enlarged by connecting the plurality of sensors in series or in parallel.

For better understanding of the present invention, the following detailed description will be made on the working principle of the optical fiber sensor for optical fiber coupling pipe of the third preferred embodiment for detecting foundation subsidence, with reference to fig. 9, 10 and 13:

during detection, the distance from the ball center of the first optical fiber sensor to the ball center of the third optical fiber sensor is constant no matter how the optical fiber sensors of the coupling are bent, namely the length of a in fig. 13 is constant and is known. The angles B and C are determined from the length of the second optical fiber 25, and the angle a is 180 ° - (angle B + angle C) by the above-mentioned lookup table. And the angles of the angle B and the angle C can be used for acquiring the energy transmitted by the optical fiber by the optical measuring instrument when the corresponding optical fiber sensor is stretched, and searching the angles according to the reference relation table of the radius value, the physical quantity and the loss value. The reference relation table of the radius value, the physical quantity and the loss value can be obtained through experiments, stored in a server and automatically searched in the later calculation process. Similarly, when the first sleeve 23 rotates, the stretching values of the four first optical fibers 24 can also be obtained by looking up the reference relation table, so as to calculate the rotating direction of the first sleeve 23, thereby realizing direction detection.

The invention utilizes trigonometric function to know the sinking height as:

h＝bsinC。

b is the distance from the ball head center of the first optical fiber sensor to the ball head center of the second optical fiber sensor, according to the sine theorem: a/sinA ═ b/sinB ═ c/sinC ═ 2R, (a/sinA) sinB; similarly, c is the distance from the ball center of the second fiber optic sensor to the ball center of the third fiber optic sensor, according to the sine theorem: the term "a" ═ b "/" sinB "═ c"/"sinC" ═ 2R indicates that c ═ (a/sinA) sinC.

Therefore, the sinking height h is asinBsinC/sinA, and the sinking height data can be obtained.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the tube 11 further includes a first telescopic inner tube 26, a second sleeve 27 sleeved on the first telescopic inner tube 26, a second adapter 28 and a third adapter 29 coaxially disposed with the first telescopic inner tube 26, one end of the second sleeve 27 is connected to the first adapter 22, one end of the first telescopic inner tube 26 is connected to the second adapter 28, the first telescopic inner tube 26 is telescopic to enable the first optical fiber 24 and the second optical fiber 25 to have a certain stretching space, the first sleeve 23 is connected to the third adapter 29, and two ends of the loop portion of the first optical fiber 24 and the second optical fiber 25 are respectively fixed to the second adapter 28 and the third adapter 29, so that the stretching state of the connection portion does not affect the radius of the loop portion.

Preferably, the connection portion of the first optical fiber 24 and the second optical fiber 25 is coiled in the first telescopic inner tube 26, so that the length of the optical fiber in the first telescopic inner tube 26 is larger than the maximum bending radius of the coil portion, thereby preventing the first and second optical fibers 25 from being pulled apart. The sensor can be used in the fields of geological displacement, bending, inclination, security protection and the like. When the optical fiber sensor is used for security protection, the elastic restoring piece can be arranged below the optical fiber sensor, after the data of one-time stretching change is acquired, the ball head piece 21 is reset through the elastic restoring piece, so that the optical fiber sensor can be repeatedly used, and the service lives of the pipeline and the optical fiber can reach more than twenty years and are not easily influenced by severe environment.

Referring to fig. 14 to 17, in a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tube 11 includes a third sleeve 31, an inner tube 32 disposed in the third sleeve 31, a fourth adapter 33 coaxially connected to the inner tube 32, a fifth adapter 34, and a chamfered connector 35, the optical fibers include at least two third optical fibers 36 for detecting wind direction, a support rod 37 and elastic members 38 having the same number as the third optical fibers 36 are disposed in the inner tube 32, the movable ends of the windings of the two third optical fibers 36 are connected to one end of the elastic member 38, the other end of the elastic member 38 is disposed on the support rod 37, the chamfered connector 35 is disposed in the third sleeve 31 and can rotate along with the third sleeve 31, the inclined surface of the chamfered connector 35 contacts and presses the elastic member 38, when it rotates, the radius of the winding of the third optical fiber 36 is reduced, so that the optical loss is increased, when the chamfered joint 35 is rotated to the initial position, the coil portion is restored by the elastic member 38, so that the optical loss reduction is gradually restored to the initial value.

The optical fiber sensor of the optical fiber coupling pipe according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention can be used to detect wind direction, and the vane of the wind direction indicator can be installed on the third sleeve 31, as shown in fig. 18, when wind exists, the vane can rotate the third sleeve 31, so that the beveled joint 35 rotates and changes the position where it contacts with the elastic member 38, so that the elastic member 38 moves down to drive the third optical fiber 36 to stretch, the radius of the winding portion of the third optical fiber 36 becomes smaller, the optical loss increases, and the wind direction can be calculated according to the stretching length of the two third optical fibers 36.

The support rod 37 is fixed on the inner sleeve 32, a through groove (not shown in the figure) for swinging one end of the elastic element 38 is arranged on the inner sleeve 32, and the through groove is axially arranged along the inner sleeve 32, so that one end of the elastic element 38 can swing along the axial direction of the inner sleeve 32 to stretch or reset the third optical fiber 36.

Furthermore, the windings of the third optical fibers 36 are arranged in parallel and located at two sides inside the inner casing 32, so as to further improve the detection accuracy.

Referring to fig. 19 to 21, in a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tube 11 includes a second inner telescopic tube 41, a fourth sleeve 42 sleeved on the second inner telescopic tube 41, a sixth adapter 43 and a seventh adapter 44 coaxially disposed with the second inner telescopic tube 41, the optical fiber includes at least a fourth optical fiber 45, a winding portion of the fourth optical fiber 45 is disposed in the second inner telescopic tube 41, one end of the fourth sleeve 42 is connected to the sixth adapter 43, one end of the second inner telescopic tube 41 is connected to the seventh adapter 44, when the second inner telescopic tube 41 is stretched, a radius of the winding portion of the fourth optical fiber 45 is reduced, so that optical loss is increased, that is, when the optical fiber sensor of the optical quantum coupling tube is subjected to an external force, the second inner telescopic tube 41 is stretched, so that the fourth optical fiber 45 is stretched, so that a radius of the winding portion of the fourth optical fiber 45 is reduced, optical loss is generated and an optical measuring instrument detects the optical loss, thereby calculating a tensile value. The fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention can be used for detection of water level, liquid level, buoyancy, wind speed, lift force, strain, velocity, acceleration, current, voltage, humidity, temperature, sound field, flow rate, concentration, PH value, strain, and the like.

Preferably, a first restoring member 46 is disposed in the second telescopic inner tube 41, one end of the first restoring member 46 abuts against the sixth adapter 43, the other end of the first restoring member 46 abuts against the seventh adapter 44, the coil portion of the fourth optical fiber 45 is disposed in the first restoring member 46, the first restoring member 46 is a spring, both ends of the spring can be fixed to the sixth adapter 43 and the seventh adapter 44, when the external force disappears, the first restoring member 46 restores the fourth optical fiber 45, the stretching front and back states are shown in fig. 21, after stretching, the first restoring member 46 is elongated, and the coil portion radius of the fourth optical fiber 45 is reduced.

As shown in fig. 22, in the optical fiber sensor according to the present invention, the second telescopic inner tube 41 may be provided with an expansion/contraction body which expands to stretch the second telescopic inner tube 41 according to different physical quantities such as ambient humidity, temperature, and light intensity, and at this time, the diameter of the winding portion is reduced by the expansion/contraction body, and humidity, temperature, and light intensity may be detected accordingly. In this embodiment, the inflatable and deflatable body can be disposed in the stretching gap of the second telescopic inner tube 41, so that the optical fiber sensor is slightly stretched in the initial state, thereby detecting the deformation amount of the coil portion (i.e. the coil portion becomes larger until the coil portion returns to the perfect circle) when the inflatable and deflatable body is deflated, and measuring the data of the environment below the critical value.

The optical fiber sensor for an optical quantum coupling pipeline according to the fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention may further include a semiconductor sensor with a driving device (e.g., a motor) externally connected thereto, and the optical fiber sensor for an optical quantum coupling pipeline according to the fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention may further include a driving device, a semiconductor sensor, an MCU chip, and a power supply module, where the driving device, the semiconductor sensor, and the power supply module are connected to the MCU chip to transmit data acquired by the semiconductor sensor.

As shown in fig. 23, a transmission device (e.g., a push rod motor with milliwatt level power) is externally connected to the second telescopic inner tube 41, the semiconductor sensor detects a data value (e.g., a pressure value), and the MCU chip controls the push rod motor to stretch the second telescopic inner tube 41 by a corresponding length according to the data value detected by the semiconductor sensor, so as to transmit data acquired by the semiconductor, thereby adapting to remote transmission.

The power supply device comprises a rechargeable module (the rechargeable module can adopt a rechargeable battery or a capacitor), and the rechargeable module can charge the rechargeable module when the battery of the power supply device is insufficient. Furthermore, the power supply device also comprises a monocrystalline silicon piece and a charging optical fiber, and the output light of the charging optical fiber irradiates the monocrystalline silicon piece to charge a rechargeable battery or a capacitor, so that the power supply for the MCU chip, the semiconductor sensor and the motor is realized.

Referring to fig. 24 to 27, in a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tube body includes a third inner telescopic tube 51, a fifth sleeve 52 sleeved on the third inner telescopic tube 51, an eighth adapter 53 and a ninth adapter 54 coaxially disposed with the third inner telescopic tube 51, the optical fiber includes at least one fifth optical fiber 55, a winding portion of the fifth optical fiber 55 is disposed in the third inner telescopic tube 51, the winding portion of the fifth optical fiber 55 is wound by two or more turns, one end of the fifth sleeve 52 is connected to the eighth adapter 53, one end of the third inner telescopic tube 51 is connected to the ninth adapter 54, when the third inner telescopic tube 51 is compressed, one radius of two windings of the fifth optical fiber 55 is reduced, so that optical loss is increased, when two circles wound by the winding portion are subjected to pressure or buoyancy, one of the circles is reduced, therefore, the device can be used for detecting the pressure, the vibration, the buoyancy and other fields.

As shown in fig. 26, the two movable holes are respectively located at both sides of the fixed hole, and after the middle portion of the fifth optical fiber 55 is fixed to the fixed hole, one end of the fifth optical fiber is wound one turn to pass through one movable hole, and the other end of the fifth optical fiber is also wound one turn to pass through another movable hole, so as to form a winding portion of the fifth optical fiber 55, and in a state before and after being pressed, as shown in fig. 27, one winding radius becomes smaller and the other winding radius becomes larger.

The third inner telescopic tube 51 is provided with a second reset element 56, the buckle is fixed to the middle of the second reset element 56, so that the position of the coil portion of the fifth optical fiber 55 is unchanged after the coil portion is reset, two ends of the second reset element 56 are respectively connected to the eighth adapter 53 and the ninth adapter 54, the second reset element 56 may also be a spring, and when the external force disappears after the third inner telescopic tube 51 is stretched, the coil portion of the fifth optical fiber 55 is quickly reset.

As shown in fig. 28, when the optical fiber sensor of the sixth preferred embodiment is used for detecting a liquid level (or a water level), a plurality of optical fiber sensors are arranged in series and longitudinally, and a floating ball may be arranged at the bottom of the optical fiber sensor, so that when the liquid level rises, the floating ball is subjected to an increased buoyancy force, thereby compressing the winding portion inside each optical fiber sensor, and calculating the length of the stretched coil portion according to the optical loss of the winding portion of each optical fiber sensor.

As shown in fig. 28, when the optical fiber sensor of the sixth preferred embodiment is used for detecting wind speed, a wind cup of a wind speed measuring instrument may be disposed at a top end of the optical fiber sensor, wind power drives the wind cup to rotate, the wind cup rotates to generate a lift force, the lift force makes a radius of a coil portion smaller, and the wind speed is evaluated by referring to the table lookup method.

Referring to fig. 30 to 32, in a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tube body includes a fourth telescopic inner tube 61, a sixth sleeve 62 sleeved on the fourth telescopic inner tube 61, a tenth adapter 63 and an eleventh adapter 64 coaxially disposed with the fourth telescopic inner tube 61, a sixth optical fiber 65 and a third resetting member 66 are disposed in the fourth telescopic inner tube 61, and the sixth optical fiber 65 and the third resetting member 66 are wrapped together and form a spiral shape; one end of the sixth sleeve 52 is connected to the tenth adapter 63, one end of the fourth telescopic inner tube 61 is connected to the eleventh adapter 64, and when the fourth telescopic inner tube 61 is rotated, the radius of the spiral portion of the sixth optical fiber 65 is reduced to increase the optical loss, thereby enabling detection of the rotation state.

In the present embodiment, the third restoring member 66 is longer than the spiral portion of the sixth optical fiber 65, and both ends thereof are respectively brought into contact with the tenth adapter 63 and the eleventh adapter 64, so that both ends of the spiral portion are not brought into contact with the adapters, whereby the detection accuracy is improved, and the radius of the spiral portion after the twisting becomes smaller as shown in fig. 32 before and after the twisting.

Some applications of the quantum-coupled pipe optical fiber sensor of the present invention are exemplified above, although the specific application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The optical fiber sensor of the quantum coupling pipeline is arranged into a systematic detection net in a coupling mode, and can realize wide detection area, high detection precision, long-distance transmission and the like.

Referring to fig. 33, an optical sensing detection system includes one or a combination of two or more of the quantum coupling axis pipe optical fiber sensors according to any of the first to seventh preferred embodiments, when two or more quantum coupling axis pipe optical fiber sensors are used, the quantum coupling axis pipe optical fiber sensors are connected in series or in parallel, one end of one quantum coupling axis pipe optical fiber sensor is connected to the optical measuring instrument, the optical measuring instrument can be an optical time domain reflectometer, an optical loss tester, etc., and different state changes can be detected by different sensors, for example, the third preferred embodiment and the fifth preferred embodiment can detect the orientation and the tension simultaneously, and can be adjusted according to the type of the detected object.

In summary, the radius of the coil part is reduced to increase the optical loss through the tube body deformation (such as swinging, stretching, compressing, twisting, rotating and the like), the optical fiber sensor of the optical quantum coupling pipeline is externally connected with the optical measuring instrument to complete the detection of the corresponding application scene, the sensor does not need an external power supply, is not easily influenced by severe environment through a physical deformation detection mode, greatly improves the detection accuracy, can be connected in series and in parallel to form an optical fiber sensor network, and is suitable for the physical quantity detection which requires high stability, real time performance, long service life, large range and ultra-long distance.

The optical fiber sensor of the optical quantum coupling pipeline has higher sensitivity, and can be used for manufacturing devices for sensing various physical information (sound, magnetism, temperature, rotation and the like); can be used in high voltage, electrical noise, high temperature, corrosive, or other harsh environments; but also has inherent compatibility with fiber optic telemetry.

Compared with the traditional various sensors, the optical fiber sensor of the optical quantum coupling pipeline uses light as a carrier of sensitive information and uses optical fibers as a medium for transmitting the sensitive information, has the characteristics of optical fibers and optical measurement, and has a series of unique advantages. The high-sensitivity electromagnetic interference-resistant optical cable has the advantages of good electrical insulation performance, strong electromagnetic interference resistance, non-invasiveness, high sensitivity, easy realization of remote monitoring of a detected signal, corrosion resistance, explosion resistance, flexibility of an optical path and convenience for connection with a computer.

The invention can also finish detection in places which can not be reached by people (such as high-temperature areas or areas which are harmful to people, such as nuclear radiation areas), play the role of ears and eyes of people, exceed the physiological limit of people and receive external information which can not be sensed by the sense organs of people, such as nuclear radiation and the like.

It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.