1. A slope protection brick is characterized in that the slope protection brick is used for being stacked on steps of a slope, each step is composed of a vertical surface and a horizontal surface, the slope protection brick is composed of a vertical earth retaining plate and at least one cantilever which are integrally formed,

wherein the vertical retaining plate is attached to the vertical surface of the step, the upper part of the vertical retaining plate extends out of the vertical surface of the step, at least one supporting leg is formed at the lower part of the vertical retaining plate,

the supporting legs are erected on the horizontal plane of the step, the cantilever is horizontally laid on the horizontal plane of the step, the front end of the cantilever abuts against the back face of the vertical soil retaining plate of another slope protection brick below the cantilever, and a grass planting space is formed between the two adjacent cantilevers and the vertical soil retaining plate of the slope protection brick below the cantilever.

2. The slope protection brick of claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the cantilever is connected to the back surface of the vertical soil retaining plate through a smooth transition surface, the smooth transition surface is correspondingly formed by a main material surface when the cantilever is filled, and the material can be guided to change the movement direction when the cantilever is filled, so that the cantilever is filled with the full material.

3. The revetment brick of claim 1, wherein the vertical retaining wall has mortise and tenon interlocking structures on left and right sides thereof to achieve the horizontal interlocking engagement of two adjacent revetment bricks.

4. The slope protection brick of claim 1, wherein the number of the cantilever is one in the same slope protection brick, the cantilever is arranged in the middle, and the number of the supporting legs is two, and the cantilever is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side.

5. The slope protection brick of claim 1, wherein the number of the supporting legs is one, the supporting legs are arranged in the middle, the number of the cantilevers is two, and the supporting legs are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side.

6. The slope protection brick of claim 1, wherein the number of the supporting legs is two or more, the supporting legs comprise two supporting legs arranged on left and right sides, the number of the cantilevers is two, and the two supporting legs arranged on the left and right sides are spaced from each other.

7. The revetment brick of claim 1, wherein the cantilever is spaced apart from an adjacent lateral structure of the same revetment brick by a gap or distance, the lateral structure being a support foot or another cantilever.

8. The revetment block of claim 1, wherein the cantilever has an upper transition surface between the top surface of the cantilever and the vertical retaining plate and/or a side transition surface between the side surface of the cantilever and the vertical retaining plate for smooth filling when the cantilever is filled.

9. The brick-making mold for the slope protection brick is characterized by being used for manufacturing the slope protection brick according to claim 1, and comprising an upper mold, a lower mold and a core-pulling mold, wherein the core-pulling mold is provided with a main material guiding surface and can guide materials to change the movement direction when a cantilever is filled with materials so as to realize full-material filling of the cantilever.

10. The brick making mold for slope protection bricks according to claim 9, wherein the core-pulling mold further forms a left side surface and/or a right side surface of the cantilever in the brick making process.

Background

The mountain soil slope with a larger inclined plane (the gradient is 30-50 degrees), water and soil are easy to run off, and a protection measure needs to be adopted, and the adoption of concrete blocks for protection is one of the methods. The building block is laid along domatic, and the building block is the landing easily, in order to avoid soil erosion and water loss, can not leave the through-hole on the building block, just there is not vegetation space on the bank protection top layer like this.

In order to solve the problems that slope protection bricks cannot grow and green on a large slope and water and soil are easy to run off, some improved schemes are provided, see Chinese patent documents CN 205369161U and CN 206359956U, wherein the lower surfaces of the building blocks are inclined to be consistent with the slope surface, the upper surfaces of the building blocks are horizontal, and then through holes are reserved on the building blocks, so that water and soil conservation is carried out similar to the terrace principle, and the problem of green growth is solved.

In the process of implementing the slope protection brick, the inventor finds that the scheme has a plurality of problems: 1. the building blocks are difficult to be processed and produced by a brick machine; 2. the lower surface of the building block is inclined and is easy to slide down along the slope; 3. on the slope surface with larger inclination, the material consumption of a single block is large; 4. the greening space is small; 5. the slope is fixed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a slope protection brick with an improved shape so as to form a slope protection structure more reasonably.

The invention also aims to provide a brick making mold for slope protection bricks, so as to solve the problem that the slope protection bricks are difficult to fill and compact when being filled with cantilever fillers.

To this end, the present invention provides a slope protection brick for being laid on steps of a slope, each step being composed of a vertical surface and a horizontal surface, the slope protection brick being composed of an integrally formed vertical soil guard plate and at least one cantilever, wherein the vertical soil guard plate is attached to the vertical surface of the step, the upper portion of the vertical soil guard plate extends out of the vertical surface of the step, the lower portion of the vertical soil guard plate forms at least one supporting leg, wherein the at least one supporting leg is erected on the horizontal surface of the step, the at least one cantilever is laid on the horizontal surface of the step, the front end of the at least one cantilever is attached to the back surface of the vertical soil guard plate of another slope protection brick located below, and a grass planting space is formed between two adjacent cantilevers and the vertical soil guard plate of the slope protection brick located below.

Furthermore, the bottom surface of the cantilever is connected with the back surface of the vertical retaining plate through a smooth transition surface, the smooth transition surface is correspondingly formed by a main material surface when the cantilever is filled, and the material can be guided to change the movement direction when the cantilever is filled, so that the cantilever is filled with full materials.

Further, the left and right sides of above-mentioned vertical retaining plate has mortise and tenon interlocking structure to realize the horizontal interlocking cooperation of two adjacent bank protection bricks.

Further, in same slope protection brick, the cantilever is one, arranges in the middle, the supporting legs is two the cantilever left and right sides symmetrical arrangement.

Furthermore, in same slope protection brick, the supporting legs is one, arranges in the middle, the cantilever is two the supporting legs left and right sides symmetrical arrangement.

Further, in same slope protection brick, the supporting legs is more than two, including controlling two supporting legs that the selvedge arranged, the cantilever is two, and mutual interval arrangement between two supporting legs that the selvedge arranged about.

Further, in same slope protection brick, there is clearance or interval between cantilever and its adjacent lateral structure, lateral structure is supporting legs or another cantilever.

Further, there is an upper transition surface between the top surface of the cantilever and the vertical soil guard plate, and/or a side transition surface between the side surface of the cantilever and the vertical soil guard plate, for smooth filling when the cantilever is filled.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brick making mold for slope protection bricks, for making slope protection bricks as described above, the brick making mold comprising an upper mold, a lower mold, and a core-pulling mold, the core-pulling mold having a main material surface capable of guiding materials to change the moving direction during filling of the cantilever, so as to realize full-filling of the cantilever.

Furthermore, the core-pulling die also forms the left side surface and/or the right side surface of the cantilever in the brick making process.

The invention has the following technical effects:

1. the invention solves the problem that the existing brick machine can not process non-upper and lower equal-tension concrete special-shaped building blocks; 2. on a steep slope, longitudinal and transverse horizontal supports are adopted, the stability of the building block is improved by 3, and a cantilever type design is adopted, so that the greening space is large; 4. the material consumption of a single block is small, and the investment is saved; 5. this slope protection brick is insensitive to the slope, can adapt to the slope of various slopes.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a revetment structure according to the present invention;

fig. 2 illustrates a way of stacking slope protection bricks in the slope protection structure of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 illustrates a back structure of the slope protection brick illustrated in fig. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 illustrates a back structure of the slope protection brick illustrated in fig. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 illustrates a top view structure of the slope protection brick illustrated in fig. 7;

fig. 9 illustrates a manner of stacking the slope protection bricks illustrated in fig. 7;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 shows a back structure of the slope protection brick shown in fig. 10;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 shows a back structure of the slope protection brick shown in fig. 12;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view showing a slope protection brick according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 shows a back structure of the slope protection brick shown in fig. 14;

fig. 16 shows a way of stacking the slope protection bricks shown in fig. 14;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 shows a front structure of the slope protection brick shown in fig. 17;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 20 shows a back structure of the slope protection brick shown in fig. 19;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 22 shows a back structure of the slope protection brick shown in fig. 21;

fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 24 shows a back structure of the slope protection brick shown in fig. 23;

fig. 25 is a schematic structural view of a slope protection brick according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 26 shows a back structure of the slope protection brick shown in fig. 25;

FIG. 27 is a schematic exploded view of a brick molding die according to the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the bottom mold of the brick molding die of FIG. 27;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the construction of the mandrel of the brickmaking mold according to the invention; and

FIG. 30 shows the cantilever fill pattern during brick making.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Fig. 1-30 illustrate some embodiments according to the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, the slope protection structure of the present invention is composed of a plurality of slope protection bricks 10 piled on each step 21 of a step slope 20.

In the present invention, the slope is constructed in a stepped shape by engineering construction, so the slope is also called a stepped slope. The step slope is defined as a series of steps arranged from high to low, and each step 21 is defined as the same structure, is composed of a vertical surface 211 and a horizontal surface 212, and is right-angled.

The slope protection brick 10 of the invention is composed of an integrally formed vertical retaining plate 11, supporting legs 13 and a cantilever 15.

The vertical retaining plate 11 of the revetment block is attached to the vertical surface 211 of the step, the top of the vertical retaining plate 11 protrudes from the vertical surface 211 of the step, and the lower portion of the vertical retaining plate 11 forms at least one supporting foot 13 and at least one cantilever 15.

At least one support leg 13, for example, one, two or three support legs, stands on the horizontal plane 212 of the step, the at least one cantilever 15, for example, one, two or three cantilever, lies on the horizontal plane 212 of the step, and the front end of the at least one cantilever 15 abuts against the back surface of the vertical soil guard plate 11 of another slope protection brick positioned below.

In the present invention, the cantilever 15 is composed of an upper surface 152, a side surface 153, a front side surface 154, and a bottom surface 155. There may also be a side transition surface 156 between the side surface 153 and the vertical retaining plate, and an upper transition surface 157 between the upper surface 152 and the vertical retaining plate.

The bottom surface 155 of each arm 15 is engaged with the back surface of the vertical soil guard 11 by a smooth transition surface 151, and the smooth transition surface 151 is correspondingly formed by the main material level when the arm is filled, so that the material can be guided to change the moving direction when the arm is filled, and full filling is realized.

As shown in fig. 30, in the filling process, the material in the cavity 11a where the vertical soil retaining plate 11 is located is guided by the main material surface 331 and then smoothly enters the cantilever cavity 15a, and after a plurality of times of filling, the cavity where the cantilever is located can be filled with the material and can be compacted under the action of the upper mold.

In the invention, the main material surface of the core-pulling die provides guide for the cantilever filler of the slope protection brick, so that the cantilever filler can be filled, but the core-pulling die has other functions, namely forming the left side wall or the right side wall of the cantilever, and the core-pulling die has the advantages that the cantilever is easy to demould, and the shape of the cantilever is not easy to damage when the lower die is lifted up for demould. The arms now have a lateral clearance/gap, respectively, from which the core back mold can be inserted into the lower mold as a side wall of the arm cavity 15 a.

In the manufacturing process of the slope protection brick, other auxiliary means can be adopted to compact the cantilever, for example, the cantilever is compacted from the top of the cantilever, the cantilever is compacted from the front end of the cantilever, and the cantilever is compacted from the side surface of the cantilever. The mold construction of the brickmaking tool may require some adjustment, such as the addition of one or more platens to compact the top, front, and/or sides of the cantilever.

The configuration of the slope protection brick meets the requirement of quick batch manufacturing of a brick making die, wherein the smooth transition surface 151 is critical for the slope protection brick to be manufactured by a brick making machine, and because dry concrete is filled vertically downwards in the existing brick making process and is difficult to move towards the direction of a horizontal cantilever, and cantilever filling/compaction is difficult, so that a long cantilever and other transverse extending structures cannot be manufactured.

In the present invention, the smooth transition surface 151 is correspondingly formed by the main material surface 331 when the cantilever is filled, and preferably, as shown in fig. 30, the main material surface 331 is formed on the core-pulling mold 33 for horizontal core-pulling, so that the material can be guided to change the moving direction when the cantilever is filled, and thus, the cantilever is filled and compacted. After the core back mold 33 is demolded, the shape of the main material surface 331 is retained on the cantilever, i.e. a smooth transition surface is formed.

In the present invention, at least one supporting leg 13 is also critical to the production of the slope protection brick by using a brick machine, because if no supporting leg is provided, the slope protection brick is easily inclined by the downward pressure of the upper mold 32 during the demolding process of the core-pulling mold 33, and the slope protection brick collapses and is difficult to form. After the supporting legs are arranged, when the upper die 32 compresses the vertical retaining plate and the core-pulling die 33 horizontally pulls core, the slope protection bricks stably stand on the supporting plate 50 through the supporting legs and the cantilever.

In the slope protection structure of the invention, a single grass planting space 16 is formed between each two adjacent cantilevers 15 and the vertical soil retaining plate 11 of the adjacent slope protection brick positioned below, and the grass planting space can be used for planting grass, thereby realizing the dual functions of slope protection and grass planting.

The slope protection brick according to the technical concept has various shapes, and the following examples illustrate the slope protection brick.

First embodiment

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the slope protection brick of the present embodiment has one cantilever 15, which is centrally disposed in the longitudinal direction of the vertical soil guard plate 11, and two support legs 13, which are symmetrically disposed on both left and right sides of the cantilever 15.

The smooth transition surface 151 of the cantilever is a circular arc shaped smooth surface.

Slope protection brick 10's left side and right side are mortise and tenon interlocking structure 17, and the left side is the tenon 171 that the cross-section is the semicircle type promptly, and the right side is cross-section semicircular tongue-and-groove 172, and the tenon and the tongue-and-groove butt joint of two adjacent slope protection bricks constitute mortise and tenon interlocking structure. The tenon and the mortise of the mortise and tenon interlocking structure can also be in the shapes of rectangular, dovetail, half tenon and half mortise and other cross sections.

Second embodiment

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the slope protection brick of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a space L1 is provided between the supporting leg 13 and the cantilever 15, the space allows the core-pulling mold 33 to be inserted horizontally, and forms the circular arc transition surface 151 and the side surface 153 of the cantilever, and the core-pulling mold 33 is demolded in a direction horizontally departing from the vertical soil guard plate (referred to as horizontal direction for short) at the time of demold.

Third embodiment

As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the slope protection block of the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that a side transition surface 156 is formed between both side surfaces of the root of the cantilever and the vertical soil guard plate, the side transition surface 156 is formed by the extraction mold 33, and the side transition surface functions to smoothly fill the filling material when the cantilever is filled. There is an upper transition surface 157 between the cantilever upper surface 152 and the vertical retaining plate 11, which serves to smoothly fill the cantilever when it is filled.

Fourth embodiment

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the slope protection brick of the present embodiment has two or more support legs 13, including two support legs disposed on the left and right sides and one support leg disposed in the center, and the two cantilevers 15 are disposed symmetrically with respect to the center of the vertical retaining plate length between the two support legs disposed on the left and right sides.

Fifth embodiment

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the slope protection brick of this embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that no support leg is provided between two arms to form an engagement portion 18, and the two arms 15 and the engagement portion 18 are engaged with the back surface of the vertical soil guard plate 11 through an integrated circular arc transition surface 158. The circular arc transition surfaces 158 of the one-piece are also formed by the core-pulling mold, the circular arc transition surfaces 158 of each one-piece include the circular arc transition surfaces 151 of each suspension arm 15, and the side surfaces 153 of the two suspension arms are formed by the core-pulling mold, so that the core-pulling mold moves along the axis in the horizontal direction during demolding, and the suspension arms are easier to demold.

Sixth embodiment

As shown in fig. 14, 15 and 16, the slope protection brick of the present embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that the cantilever sections of the two cantilevers 15 are trapezoidal and have a narrow top and a wide bottom, in the present embodiment, both side surfaces 153 and the top surface 152 of the cantilever are formed by a lower mold, the cross section of the cantilever is in a shape having a narrow top and a wide bottom, and the lower mold is easily released. Wherein, the cantilever of the slope protection brick at the lowest row of slope protection structure and one row of toe wall 40 butt.

Seventh embodiment

As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the slope protection brick of the present embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that a gap/space L2 is provided between the two arms 15, a gap/space L3 is provided between each arm 15 and the supporting leg 13 arranged at the side, a side transition surface 156 is provided between the side surface of the root of the two arms 15 and the vertical soil guard plate, an upper transition surface 157 is provided between the upper surface of the root of the two arms and the front surface of the vertical soil guard plate, the side transition surface 156 is formed by a core-pulling mold, the upper transition surface 157 is formed by a lower mold to smoothly fill along the transition surface when the arms are filled, and both side surfaces of the arms are formed by the core-pulling mold, thus facilitating the lower mold release.

Eighth embodiment

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the slope protection brick of the present embodiment has two cantilevers 15, which are arranged on the left and right sides, and a supporting leg 13 is provided between the two cantilevers.

Ninth embodiment

As shown in fig. 21 and 22, the slope protection brick of the present embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment in that a space/gap L4 is provided between the two cantilevers 15 and the supporting legs 13, and the inner sidewalls of the cantilevers are formed by core-pulling molds.

Tenth embodiment

As shown in fig. 23 and 24, the vertical retaining plate 11 of the revetment block of this embodiment has an arc shape, which is distinguished from the flat retaining plate of the other embodiments.

Eleventh embodiment

As shown in fig. 25 and 26, one section of the upper surface 152 of the suspension arm 15 in the slope protection brick of the present embodiment is a slope 159 that protrudes outward from the front surface of the vertical retaining plate. Thus, the root of the cantilever is thick, and the whole body forms a seat leg with high structural strength.

The invention also provides a brick making mould, which is combined with the reference of fig. 27 to 30 and comprises a lower mould 31, an upper mould 32 and a core drawing mould 33. The core-pulling mold 33 is opposite to the vertical retaining plate, core pulling is performed along the horizontal direction, a main material surface 331 is formed on the core-pulling mold 33, and the main material surface 331 can guide materials to change the movement direction when the cantilever is filled, so that the cantilever can be filled and compacted fully along the main material surface when the cantilever is filled.

To reduce drag on the demolding of the lower mold, the extraction mold 33 may also have two legs 332 to form the side 153 of the cantilever 15 and/or the side 131 of the support foot 13. When the lower die 31 of the brick making die is demolded upwards, the lower die 31 is easy to adhere to the side surface of the cantilever 15, so that the cantilever shape is damaged, and the side surface 153 of the cantilever is formed by the core-pulling die 33, so that the lower die 31 is easy to separate from the upper surface 152 of the cantilever when demolded upwards.

In the present invention, the lower mold 31 is also called a bottom mold and is vertically demolded, the extraction mold 33 is horizontally inserted into the lower mold 31, the upper mold 32 is also called a top mold, and after the lower mold 31 is demolded, the upper mold 32 is finally demolded upward.

The brick making mold can be used for making slope protection bricks of the above embodiments.

The brick-making mold shown in fig. 27 to 29 corresponds to a slope protection brick of the third embodiment. Wherein, the lower die forms the side surface of the vertical retaining plate, the upper surface of the cantilever, the upper transition surface and the front side surface of the cantilever; the core-pulling mold forms the left and right side surfaces of the cantilever, the smooth transition surface, the side transition surface and the side surfaces of the supporting legs; the upper mold forms the top surface of the vertical retaining plate, which is also the filler inlet.

The invention adopts the way of vibrating and compacting dry materials of the brick machine to quickly manufacture the slope protection brick, and can manufacture a slope protection brick in a period of 3-5 seconds on average.

Referring to fig. 30, the lower mold 31 is placed on a supporting plate 50 of the brick making equipment, and the core-pulling mold 33 is horizontally inserted from the side surface of the lower mold to form a cavity for making the slope protection brick. When the core-pulling die is inserted in place, the steps of filling, scraping, prepressing and repeating are carried out for 1 to 3 times from the opening of the top cavity of the lower die, and finally, an upper die (also called a top die) is used for compaction, and then the die is removed. The demolding process is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of firstly enabling an upper die to keep pressing on a vertical retaining plate, then horizontally pulling cores on the side direction of a core die, demoulding a lower die upwards after core pulling is finished, and finally demoulding the upper die upwards.

This slope protection brick (also called building block or slope protection building block) has following characteristics/advantage:

1. the slope protection brick can be quickly manufactured in batches by adopting the conventional brick machine; 2. on a steep slope, longitudinal and transverse horizontal supports are adopted, so that the stability of the building block is improved; 3. the cantilever design is adopted, so that the greening space is large; 4. the material consumption of a single block is small, and the investment is saved; 5. the gradient can be adjusted in a stepless manner between 0 DEG and the maximum design gradient.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.