1. A model sand deposition and scouring start test device, wherein, includes:

the sand sample consolidation device comprises a collection box, wherein consolidated model sand is deposited in the collection box;

the consolidated sand start test water tank comprises a water tank body, wherein a water inlet hole (41) is formed in the upstream of the water tank body, a water outlet hole (43) is formed in the downstream of the water tank body, and a sand paving groove (48) for installing the collecting box is formed in the midstream of the water tank body;

and the image acquisition device is arranged above the water tank body and is used for acquiring flushing starting images or videos of the consolidated sand in the collection box.

2. A model sand deposit and flush start test apparatus according to claim 1, said sand sample consolidation apparatus further comprising a deposition bucket, said deposition bucket comprising:

the container is provided with a hole on the side surface or is completely communicated with the side surface, the container is provided with a second water outlet pipe (23) and a third water outlet pipe (25), the second water outlet pipe (23) is provided with a second valve (24), and the third water outlet pipe (25) is provided with a third valve (26);

a sealing door (29) which is openably and closably mounted on the hole or one side surface all-through;

the collecting box is detachably arranged at the hole or a full through position on one side, and the second water outlet pipe (23) and the third water outlet pipe (25) are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the collecting box.

3. A model sand deposition and washout start test apparatus as claimed in claim 2, said sealing door (29) being mounted at one end on said container by a swivel hinge (27) and at the other end openably and closably mounted on said container by a fixed catch (20), a sealing strip (28) being provided between said sealing door (29) and said container.

4. A model sand deposit and flush start test device according to claim 2, the outer wall of said container being fitted with a timer (21) and a water gauge (22).

5. A model sand deposit and washout start test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a cutter (33) for physically separating the consolidated sand sample.

6. A model sand deposit and washout start-up test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, the sand sample consolidation apparatus further comprising an agitator tank (1) for preparing consolidated sand, the agitator tank (1) comprising:

the sand filling device comprises a box body, wherein a sand adding port (12) and a water filling port (13) are formed in the box body;

the stirring propeller (11) extends into the box body;

the first water outlet pipe (14) is arranged at the lower part of the box body;

and the first valve (15) is arranged on the first water outlet pipe (14).

7. A model sand deposit and washout start test apparatus as claimed in claim 6, the sand sample consolidation apparatus further comprising a fixed stand (17) for supporting the agitator tank (1).

8. A model sand deposition and washout start-up test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, said consolidated sand start-up test flume further comprising:

the grid plate (49) is fixed in the water tank body and is positioned behind the water inlet hole (41);

the sand basin (42) is arranged in the water tank body and is positioned behind the grid plate (49);

and the plane gate (44) is arranged in the water tank body and is positioned in front of the water outlet hole (43).

9. A model sand deposit and flush start test device according to claim 1, said image acquisition device comprising:

a camera (54) for capturing washout start images or video of consolidated sand within the collection box;

a light focusing lamp (53) for providing a light source for the camera (54).

10. The model sand deposit and washout start test apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a water level measuring needle (51) for measuring the water level above the sand-paving groove (48);

a flow rate measuring rod (59) for measuring the flow rate above the sand-laying trough (48).

Background

In the moving bed river work model, the selection of bed sand materials is similar to a prototype according to the starting characteristics of silt, so that the bed sand materials are mostly light sand and occasionally natural sand, and the bed sand materials are collectively called model sand. The model sand needs to be fully soaked in water before being used and can be paved into a river channel model for testing.

The newly purchased model sand needs to be rechecked or calibrated for scouring parameters before use, particularly the size of the starting flow rate, but because the model sand with fine particles has certain cohesive force, the consolidation characteristics such as water content and the like also change along with the difference of soaking and depositing time, so the starting flow rate also changes along with the difference of the consolidation time, the starting flow rate also increases along with the increase of the depositing time generally, and in order to find out the basic characteristics of the model sand, proper depositing and consolidating time is selected, so that some early detection tests are needed.

At present, most of the preparation of consolidated model sand adopts closed soaking after sand is directly paved and water is added in a washing starting water tank, and a group of starting tests can be completed after the specified soaking time is reached. However, the time required for each deposition is several hours or several days, and each sand sample needs to be subjected to a plurality of sets of tests, so that the flushing water tank can be in an occupied state for a long time (such as one month or more), the service efficiency of flushing starting water tank facilities is influenced, and the early-stage test time is greatly prolonged. At present, a method for carrying out a starting test by paving a water tank after soaking and depositing in a separate sand soaking pool is also available, but the method has large disturbance on a sand sample, so that the sand sample is easy to loose, and the influence on the accuracy of a starting flow rate test is large. In addition, the judgment of the starting flow rate is mainly observed by naked eyes at present, and the judgment precision of the starting flow rate is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application aims to provide a model sand deposition and scouring starting test device so as to solve the problems that related model sand deposition consolidation preparation efficiency is low and starting flow rate judgment precision is not high.

According to the embodiment of the application, a model sand deposition and scouring start test device is provided, wherein, include:

the sand sample consolidation device comprises a collection box, wherein consolidated model sand is deposited in the collection box;

the consolidated sand start test water tank comprises a water tank body, wherein the upstream of the water tank body is provided with a water inlet, the downstream of the water tank body is provided with a water outlet, and the midstream of the water tank body is provided with a sand paving groove for mounting the collecting box;

and the image acquisition device is arranged above the water tank body and is used for acquiring flushing starting images or videos of the consolidated sand in the collection box.

Further, the sand consolidation device still includes the deposition bucket, the deposition bucket includes:

the container is provided with a hole on the side surface or is completely communicated with the side surface, the container is provided with a second water outlet pipe and a third water outlet pipe, the second water outlet pipe is provided with a second valve, and the third water outlet pipe is provided with a third valve;

the sealing door can be arranged on the hole or one side surface full-through in an opening and closing manner;

the collecting box is detachably arranged at the hole or a side full-through position, and the second water outlet pipe and the third water outlet pipe are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the collecting box.

Furthermore, one end of the sealing door is installed on the container through a rotating hinge, the other end of the sealing door is installed on the container in an openable and closable mode through a fixed lock catch, and a sealing strip is arranged between the sealing door and the container.

Further, a timer and a water gauge are installed on the outer wall of the container.

Furthermore, the sand consolidation device also comprises a cutting knife used for physically dividing the consolidated sand sample.

Further, the sand sample consolidation device still includes the agitator tank that is used for preparing consolidated sand, the agitator tank includes:

the box body is provided with a sand adding port and a water filling port;

the stirring propeller extends into the box body;

the first water outlet pipe is arranged at the lower part of the box body;

and the first valve is arranged on the first water outlet pipe.

Further, the sand sample consolidation device also comprises a fixing table for supporting the stirring box.

Further, the consolidated sand start-up test water tank further comprises:

the grid plate is fixed in the water tank body and is positioned behind the water inlet;

the sand basin is arranged in the water tank body and behind the grid plate;

and the plane gate is arranged in the water tank body and positioned in front of the water outlet hole.

Further, the image acquisition apparatus includes:

the camera is used for acquiring flushing starting images or videos of the consolidated sand in the collecting box;

a light focusing lamp for providing a light source for the camera.

Further, still include:

the water level measuring needle is used for measuring the water level above the sand paving groove;

and the flow velocity measuring rod is used for measuring the flow velocity above the sand paving groove.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the following beneficial effects:

according to the embodiment, the primary box and the secondary box are adopted in the sand-paving groove, the defect that a traditional test needs to occupy a washing water tank for a long time is overcome due to the fact that the collecting box can be regarded as the primary box and the sand-paving groove can be regarded as the secondary box, the water tank utilization efficiency is improved and the preparation efficiency of the solidified sand sample is greatly improved due to the fact that a plurality of sand samples are prepared simultaneously. By means of the image acquisition device, the defects that the prior art is observed by means of naked eyes and a large amount of records and accurate comparison cannot be carried out are overcome, the video storage is carried out on the whole motion process of the sand sample, and the better effect is achieved on the improvement of the accuracy of the sand sample starting test result.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sand consolidation apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a view illustrating an elevation of a deposition bucket according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a sectional top view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flush start test flume configuration according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a flush start test flume elevation configuration in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

The reference numerals in the figures are:

the device comprises a stirring box 1, a stirring propeller 11, a sand adding port 12, a water injection port 13, a first water outlet pipe 14, a first valve 15, a hose 16 and a fixed platform 17;

the device comprises a deposition barrel 2, a fixed lock 20, a timer 21, a water gauge 22, a second water outlet pipe 23, a second valve 24, a third water outlet pipe 25, a third valve 26, a rotary hinge 27, a sealing strip 28 and a closing door 29;

the collecting box 3, a clapboard 31, a U-shaped pull rod 32, a cutting knife 33 and a rolling shaft 34;

the water tank comprises a water tank body 4, a water inlet 41, a sand settling tank 42, a water outlet 43, a plane gate 44, a connecting piece 45, a motor 46, a vertical shaft 47, a sand paving groove 48 and a grid plate 49;

a water level measuring needle 51, a cross fixing plate 52, a light focusing lamp 53, a camera 54, a horizontal rod 55, a turntable 56, a handle 57, a vertical rod 58 and a flow rate measuring rod 59.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present application provides a model sand deposition and erosion start test apparatus, which is mainly applied to the field of river model tests, and mainly for realizing long-time model sand deposition sample preparation and a start flow rate test of a deposition sample, the apparatus may include: the sand sample consolidation device comprises a collection box, wherein consolidated model sand is deposited in the collection box; consolidated sand start test basin includes: a water tank body, wherein the upstream of the water tank body is provided with a water inlet 41, the downstream of the water tank body is provided with a water outlet 43, and the midstream of the water tank body is provided with a sand paving groove 48 for installing the collecting box; and the image acquisition device is arranged above the water tank body and is used for acquiring flushing starting images or videos of the consolidated sand in the collection box.

According to the embodiment, the primary box and the secondary box are adopted in the sand-paving groove, the defect that a traditional test needs to occupy a washing water tank for a long time is overcome due to the fact that the collecting box can be regarded as the primary box and the sand-paving groove can be regarded as the secondary box, the water tank utilization efficiency is improved and the preparation efficiency of the solidified sand sample is greatly improved due to the fact that a plurality of sand samples are prepared simultaneously. By means of the image acquisition device, the defects that the prior art is observed by means of naked eyes and a large amount of records and accurate comparison cannot be carried out are overcome, the video storage is carried out on the whole motion process of the sand sample, and the better effect is achieved on the improvement of the accuracy of the sand sample starting test result.

In the embodiment of the invention, the sand sample consolidation device further comprises a stirring box 1 for preparing consolidated sand. Specifically, the agitation tank 1 includes: the sand filling device comprises a box body, wherein a sand adding port 12 and a water filling port 13 are formed in the box body; the stirring propeller 11 extends into the box body and is used for blending mortar; a first water outlet pipe 14 installed at the lower part of the tank body; and the first valve 15 is arranged on the first water outlet pipe 14. When the first valve 15 is opened, the slurry is injected into one or more deposition barrels 2 through the first water outlet pipe 14 and finally deposited above the collection box 3. The function of the deposition barrels 2 is that the preparation work of a plurality of sand samples with different deposition time can be carried out outside the water tank body at the same time, and after each sand sample reaches the deposition time, the sand sample is immediately placed into a consolidated sand starting test water tank for starting test.

Further, the stirring tank 1 comprises a hose 16, and the hose 16 is externally connected to the first water outlet pipe 14, so that mortar can be conveniently injected into the sedimentation barrel 2. The sand consolidation device further comprises a fixing table 17 for supporting the stirring box 1. When the sand filling device is used, model sand and tap water are respectively injected from the sand filling port 12 and the water injection port 13, and the volume ratio of the model sand to the water can be controlled to be 1: and 5, facilitating the flowing of subsequent mortar, and after the materials are completely injected, starting the stirring propeller 11 to uniformly mix the mortar. Is placed on a fixed platform 17, and the height of the fixed platform is not lower than the top surface of the deposition barrel 2.

In the embodiment of the invention, the sand sample consolidation device also comprises a deposition barrel 2, and the deposition barrel 2 can be a cuboid uncovered transparent container, so that the observation is convenient. The deposition bucket includes: the container is provided with a hole on the side surface or is full-communicated on the side surface, the container is provided with a second water outlet pipe 23 and a third water outlet pipe 25, the second water outlet pipe 23 is provided with a second valve 24, and the third water outlet pipe 25 is provided with a third valve 26; a sealing door 29 openably and closably mounted on the hole or one side surface of the through hole; the collecting box can be detachably arranged at the position of the hole or the full through position of one side surface, and the second water outlet pipe 23 and the third water outlet pipe 25 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the collecting box. Further, the collecting box 3 is positioned at the bottom of the deposition barrel 2 and is used for collecting the consolidated sand sample. The second water outlet pipe 23 and the third water outlet pipe 25 are used for releasing redundant water.

Furthermore, one end of the sealing door 29 is installed on the container through a rotating hinge 27, the other end of the sealing door is installed on the container through a fixed lock 20 in an openable and closable manner, and a sealing strip 28 is arranged between the sealing door 29 and the container to ensure that the sealing door is watertight.

In the embodiment of the invention, a timer 21 and a water gauge 22 are arranged on the outer wall of the container.

In the embodiment of the invention, the sand sample collecting box further comprises a cutting knife 33 used for physically dividing the consolidated sand sample, and further comprises a fixing piece for fixing the cutting knife 33. In this embodiment, the fixing member is a U-shaped pull rod 32, and the U-shaped structure of the U-shaped pull rod 32 is exactly matched with the outer edge of the upper end of the collecting box 3.

Furthermore, a plurality of baffles 31 are arranged around the inner wall of the box body and used for fixing and clamping the collection box 3.

Further, a plurality of rollers 34 are embedded on a bottom plate of the lower portion of the collecting box 3, so that the collecting box can be easily pulled out.

The sand sample consolidation device is used for preparing a sediment sample, and the concrete steps are as follows:

1. after the mortar in the stirring box is sufficiently and uniformly stirred, the first valve 15 is opened, and the mortar flows into the designated sedimentation barrel 2 through the first water outlet pipe 14 and the hose 16. The depth indicated by the water gauge 22 is observed, the first valve 15 is closed in time, and the filling of the plurality of settling casks is repeated. The timer 21 is started after the water in the sedimentation tank is substantially clear. It should be noted here that, the model grading width of the model sand start test is generally not large, and if the model sand is non-uniform sand with large grading width (the sorting coefficient is greater than 2), it is not suitable to use the gravity flow mortar method to avoid obvious layering, so the first step can be performed according to the water-sand ratio of 1: 1, after the mixture is soaked to be basically saturated, directly pouring the mixture into a deposition barrel, then adding water to soak the surface layer, and starting timing.

2. The timer 21 shows that after the required deposition time is reached, the second valve 24 at the upper part is opened to discharge the surface water, and then the third valve 26 at the bottom is opened to discharge a small amount of infiltration mortar at the bottom and near the side wall of the collection box, so that the subsequent collection box can be taken out quickly.

3. And opening the closing door 29, manually pulling the U-shaped pull rod, driving the cutting knife 33 to carry out smooth separation on the sand sample on the upper part of the collection box 3, and then pulling out the collection box, thus preparing the solidified sand sample for the set time. And repeating the operations of other sand samples with different durations after the specified time is reached to finish the preparation of the corresponding sand samples.

In the embodiment of the invention, the depth h1 of the collecting box 3 is generally 10-15 cm, and the total height h2 of the sedimentation barrel 2 is generally 6-8 times of h1, so that a full consolidated sand sample can be collected.

In the embodiment of the invention, the consolidated sand start test water tank is used for carrying out a calibration test of scouring start parameters on a sediment sample prepared by a sand sample consolidation device.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the consolidated sand start test water tank further includes: a grid plate 49 fixed in the water tank body 4 and behind the water inlet 41; a sand basin 42 disposed in the water tub body 4 behind the grid plate 49; and a flat gate 44 disposed in the water tank body 4 in front of the water outlet hole 43.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the device for driving the plane shutter 44 to lift is further included, the device includes a motor 46 and a vertical shaft 47, the motor 46 drives the vertical shaft 47 to rotate, the vertical shaft 47 has a thread, the plane shutter 44 is engaged with the vertical shaft 47 through a connecting piece 45, and the lift of the plane shutter 44 is realized through the rotation of the vertical shaft 47.

On the upstream side, different water inflow rates are realized through a variable-frequency water pump of a laboratory, water is supplied to the water inlet hole 41, water flow firstly flows through the grid plate 49, the grid plate 49 is fixedly provided with a permeable non-woven fabric for filtering slightly larger impurities so as to ensure that a water body is clean and transparent, and then objects such as sand, rust and the like with fine particles in the water are filtered for the second time through the sand basin 42. The sand paving groove 48 of the water tank middle test area is positioned in the middle of the water tank model, and the collection box 3 is placed inside the sand paving groove.

On the downstream side, the motor 46 slowly lifts and lowers the plane gate 44 driven by the rotating vertical shaft 47 to realize the opening adjustment of the plane gate of the tail gate, so as to adjust the water depth in the model, and the water flows through the lower part of the plane gate 44 and then flows into the reservoir through the water outlet 43. The flow and the gate opening finally determine the water depth and the flow velocity of the test section.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention may further include a measuring instrument, the measuring instrument is mainly used for measuring water depth and flow velocity, and may include: the water level measuring needle 51 is used for measuring the water level above the sand paving groove 48 and is fixed near the side wall of the sand paving groove 48; flow velocity measuring rod 59 is used for measuring the velocity of flow of shop's husky groove 48 top can be fixed in the vertical rod 58 of liftable, and its lift accessible hand carousel 56 realizes, can measure the velocity of flow value on different water layers like this, through the vertical rod 58 of liftable, can make things convenient for the vertical quick accurate positioning of velocity of flow appearance, can realize the quick measurement of different water layer velocities of flow. Because the liftable vertical rod 58 is added during power measurement, the defect that the conventional fixed flow meter is inconvenient to lift is overcome, and the quick measurement of the flow rates of different water layers is realized.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the image capturing device is used for determining the start of silt, and may include: a camera 54 for capturing washout start images or video of consolidated sand in the collection box; a light focusing lamp 53 for providing a light source for the camera 54. Both the camera 54 and the light focusing lamp 53 may be fixed to a cross fixing plate 52 at the upper portion of the water bath.

Further, the light-changing focusing lamp 53 can change different colors, and is used for adapting to model sands with different colors, improving contrast and facilitating observation of starting of the model sands with different colors. The camera 54 is vertically directed to the bottom sand surface, the focal length is fixed after being adjusted, the camera is connected with a computer through a data line, and by means of camera management assistant software (a plurality of cameras have the functions, such as an eos utility tool, a Canon camera carries out free self-carrying), real-time pictures of the camera can be synchronously displayed on the computer and can be automatically stored, so that experimenters can conveniently observe and correct after experiments in a computer screen. And the starting state of the model sand is conveniently observed and stored by connecting the data line with video observation software.

The consolidated sand start test water tank also depends on laboratory fixing facilities such as a water tank for supplying water, a water inlet pump and the like and a water tank control system (which are existing facilities and systems, and are generally provided in the existing test water tank), and the control system automatically adjusts the water inlet flow through frequency control and adjusts the rotating speed of the rotating vertical shaft through the rotating speed of the motor, so that the opening degree of the plane gate at the tail part is adjusted. The flow and the opening of the plane gate finally determine the water depth and the flow velocity of the test section.

The calibration test of the scouring start parameter is carried out by adopting the consolidated sand start test water tank sediment sample, and the specific operation steps are as follows:

1. the plane gate at the tail gate is closed, and water with the depth of about 5cm is discharged into the water tank body 4, at the moment, the water is basically still water, the collecting box filled with solidified sand can be slowly placed in the sand paving tank, and the top of the sub-box is ensured to be flush with the bottom surface of the water tank, namely the water is successfully placed.

2. And the water tank control system records the water depth and the flow velocity value in real time.

3. Through the frequency adjustment of the water inlet pump and the opening adjustment of the plane gate of the tail gate, the flow velocity is gradually increased under the condition of a certain water depth, and when the sand surface is intermittently observed to start, the water depth and the flow velocity information are recorded.

4. And (3) observing and storing the video file in real time through a computer, and stopping the test after the flow speed continues to be slowly increased by 1-2 cm/s after the sand surface is observed to be started by naked eyes.

5. And further checking and correcting the sand surface starting flow speed by repeatedly playing the video and comparing the pictures, and finally determining the sand sample starting characteristic parameters.

Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.