1. The ultrathin waterproof fabric is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of modified polystyrene A, 10-20 parts of modified polystyrene B, 5-10 parts of acrylic acid, 5-10 parts of benzyl alcohol, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 50-100 parts of NMMO solution and 10-20 parts of chitosan.

2. The ultrathin waterproof fabric of claim 1, characterized in that: the modified polystyrene A is obtained by chemically grafting and modifying polystyrene by using two monomers, namely acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol.

3. The ultrathin waterproof fabric of claim 1, characterized in that: the modified polystyrene B is prepared by carrying out in-situ modification on the modified polystyrene A by using chitosan.

4. The ultrathin waterproof fabric of claim 1, characterized in that: the main component of the bridging agent is blocked polyisocyanate.

5. The preparation method of the ultrathin waterproof fabric is characterized by comprising the following process flows of: preparing a modified polystyrene spinning solution, carrying out electrostatic spinning, heating and drying for the first time, carrying out plasma treatment, carrying out foaming treatment on the modified polystyrene spinning solution, coating the spinning solution on a double-layer fabric, and heating and drying for the second time.

6. The preparation method of the ultrathin waterproof fabric as claimed in claim 5, characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

(1) dissolving polystyrene in a mixed solution compounded by ethyl acetate and cyclohexane, fully dissolving, heating to 85 ℃, transferring the polystyrene into a four-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer and a condenser, stirring for 5-10 min, adding benzoyl peroxide as an initiator, then dropwise adding a mixed monomer consisting of acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol, cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is finished to obtain modified polystyrene A, adding the modified polystyrene A into an NMMO solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modified polystyrene spinning solution;

(2) adding N-N-dimethylformamide into a modified polystyrene spinning solution at room temperature, magnetically stirring for 8 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed solution, transferring the prepared spinning solution into a spinning nozzle of a metal needle, wherein the anode is a copper wire, the cathode is ITO glass, the distance between the spinning nozzle and the ITO is 10cm, the flow rate is 1.0mL/h, the voltage of the two electrodes is adjusted to 14kV under the conditions that the relative humidity is 40-50% and the temperature is 22-28 ℃, and modified polystyrene superfine fibers are obtained on the ITO glass;

(3) immediately putting the superfine fibers obtained in the step (2) into modified polystyrene A, carrying out first heating and drying to obtain superfine fibers coated with the modified polystyrene, and weaving to form a fiber fabric;

(4) carrying out plasma treatment on the fiber fabric obtained in the step (3), wherein the power is 80W, the vacuum degree is 30PA, and the treatment time is 30-60 s;

(5) adding chitosan into 3% acetic acid solution, adding modified polystyrene A, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 7 to obtain modified polystyrene B;

(6) adding a bridging agent into the modified polystyrene B, uniformly stirring, coating the bridging agent on the inner sides of the fabrics woven by the two superfine fibers, and attaching to form the fabrics on two sides;

(7) and (4) heating and drying the double-layer fabric for the second time to obtain a finished product.

7. The method for preparing the ultrathin waterproof fabric as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (1): the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to cyclohexane is 3: 1; the volume ratio of acrylic acid to benzyl alcohol is 3: 2.

8. the method for preparing the ultrathin waterproof fabric as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (3): the heating temperature of the first heating and drying is 210-220 ℃, the first heating and drying is carried out after 2-5 min, and the first heating and drying is carried out immediately, wherein the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃.

9. The method for preparing the ultrathin waterproof fabric as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (5): the volume ratio of the chitosan to the modified polystyrene A is 0.5: 1.

10. the method for preparing the ultrathin waterproof fabric as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (7): and heating the mixture to 150-200 ℃ for the second heating, drying and heating, and immediately performing the second drying after 1-2 min, wherein the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃.

Background

At present, waterproof and breathable fabrics become hot spots for research and development of textile products in various countries, and are widely applied and continuously extended in industrial fields of military use, medical use, civil use and the like. With the continuous development of the times, the requirements of people on the quality of life are higher and higher, and the waterproof fabric can not meet the current requirements only in waterproof.

The existing waterproof fabrics all have a multilayer waterproof structure to achieve a waterproof effect, and the multilayer result is often too thick and heavy, so that the waterproof fabrics cannot play a role in some special fields. Therefore, the research on the ultrathin waterproof fabric is very promising in development. Therefore, it is very necessary to prepare an ultra-thin waterproof fabric.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ultrathin waterproof fabric to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to solve the above technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the ultrathin waterproof fabric is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

50-100 parts of modified polystyrene A, 10-20 parts of modified polystyrene B, 5-10 parts of acrylic acid, 5-10 parts of benzyl alcohol, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 50-100 parts of NMMO solution and 10-20 parts of chitosan.

Preferably, the modified polystyrene A is obtained by chemically grafting and modifying polystyrene by using two monomers, namely acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol.

Preferably, the modified polystyrene B is prepared by carrying out in-situ modification on the modified polystyrene A by using chitosan.

Preferably, the main component of the bridging agent is blocked polyisocyanate.

The second aspect of the present invention provides: a preparation method of an ultrathin waterproof fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps: the process flow is as follows:

preparing a modified polystyrene spinning solution, carrying out electrostatic spinning, heating and drying for the first time, carrying out plasma treatment, carrying out foaming treatment on the modified polystyrene spinning solution, coating the spinning solution on a double-layer fabric, and heating and drying for the second time.

Preferably, the method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) dissolving polystyrene in a mixed solution compounded by ethyl acetate and cyclohexane, fully dissolving, heating to 85 ℃, transferring the polystyrene into a four-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer and a condenser, stirring for 5-10 min, adding benzoyl peroxide as an initiator, then dropwise adding a mixed monomer consisting of acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol, cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is finished to obtain modified polystyrene A, adding the modified polystyrene A into an NMMO solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modified polystyrene spinning solution;

(2) adding N-N-dimethylformamide into a modified polystyrene spinning solution at room temperature, magnetically stirring for 8 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed solution, transferring the prepared spinning solution into a spinning nozzle of a metal needle, wherein the anode is a copper wire, the cathode is ITO glass, the distance between the spinning nozzle and the ITO is 10cm, the flow rate is 1.0mL/h, the voltage of the two electrodes is adjusted to 14kV under the conditions that the relative humidity is 40-50% and the temperature is 22-28 ℃, and modified polystyrene superfine fibers are obtained on the ITO glass;

(3) immediately putting the superfine fibers obtained in the step (2) into modified polystyrene A, carrying out first heating and drying to obtain superfine fibers coated with the modified polystyrene, and weaving to form a fiber fabric;

(4) carrying out plasma treatment on the fiber fabric obtained in the step (3), wherein the power is 80W, the vacuum degree is 30PA, and the treatment time is 30-60 s;

(5) adding chitosan into 3% acetic acid solution, adding modified polystyrene A, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 7 to obtain modified polystyrene B;

(6) adding a bridging agent into the modified polystyrene B, uniformly stirring, coating the bridging agent on the inner sides of the fabrics woven by the two superfine fibers, and attaching to form the fabrics on two sides;

(7) and (4) heating and drying the double-layer fabric for the second time to obtain a finished product.

Preferably, in the step (1): the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to cyclohexane is 3: 1; the volume ratio of acrylic acid to benzyl alcohol is 3: 2.

preferably, in the step (3): the heating temperature of the first heating and drying is 210-220 ℃, the first heating and drying is carried out after 2-5 min, and the first heating and drying is carried out immediately, wherein the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃.

Preferably, in the step (5): the volume ratio of the chitosan to the modified polystyrene A is 0.5: 1.

preferably, in the step (7): and heating the mixture to 150-200 ℃ for the second heating, drying and heating, and immediately performing the second drying after 1-2 min, wherein the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the chemical grafting modification is carried out on polystyrene by using two monomers of acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol, and a flexible side chain with an internal lodging increasing effect is introduced on a polystyrene molecular chain, so that the fiber is endowed with good flexibility and coating adhesion, the acting force between the fabric and the microporous membrane is enhanced, and the microporous membrane is prevented from falling off; after the modified polystyrene is made into superfine fibers through electrostatic spinning and woven into the fabric, plasma treatment is carried out, the surface of the fabric is etched by plasma particles, rough pits are generated, a lotus effect is formed, meanwhile, the pits are formed into closed spaces by microporous membranes, the weight of the fabric is reduced, the friction force among the fibers is increased, the water resistance of the fabric is enhanced, and meanwhile, the toughness of the fabric is enhanced.

The modified polystyrene is modified in situ by chitosan, a bridging agent is added after modification, the modified polystyrene is coated on the inner side of a fabric woven by two superfine fibers after being uniformly stirred, the fabric is attached to form a double-sided fabric, amino on the chitosan reacts with carboxyl on the modified polystyrene to release moisture, the moisture is evaporated between layers during heating, isocyanate groups released by the bridging agent react with water vapor to generate carbon dioxide between the layers to form a microbubble aggregate, the bridging agent can also react with the residual carboxyl on the modified polystyrene to form a cross-linked structure, bubbles on the microbubble aggregate can be instantaneously exploded during drying, microporous membranes crossed with the cross-linked structure are formed and attached to the surface layer of the fabric, and the diameters of the formed micropores are smaller than water drops and larger than water vapor molecules, so that the fabric has the waterproof capability and the air permeability, and the inner side of the double-layer fabric is tightly combined and has the antibacterial property.

Directly soaking superfine fibers formed in electrostatic spinning in a modified polystyrene A solution, heating and drying for the first time to 210-220 ℃, immediately fishing out after 2-5 min, and drying for the first time, so that a uniform spinning liquid film is formed on the surfaces of the prepared superfine fibers and firmly coats the superfine fibers, pits formed in plasma treatment are in a spinning liquid film layer, the strength of the superfine fibers cannot be influenced, and the wearability of the fabric cannot be influenced while the waterproof performance is obtained; and (3) coating the modified polystyrene spinning solution added with the bridging agent, then carrying out secondary heating and drying again, heating to 150-200 ℃, and immediately carrying out secondary drying after 1-2 min, wherein the heating and drying form microporous membranes with crossed cross-linked structures, and the cross-linked structures in the double-layer fabric are tighter, so that the prepared fabric is lighter and thinner, and the wearability is stronger.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The ultrathin waterproof fabric is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

50-100 parts of modified polystyrene A, 10-20 parts of modified polystyrene B, 5-10 parts of acrylic acid, 5-10 parts of benzyl alcohol, 5-10 parts of bridging agent, 50-100 parts of NMMO solution and 10-20 parts of chitosan.

Preferably, the modified polystyrene A is obtained by chemically grafting and modifying polystyrene by using two monomers, namely acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol.

Preferably, the modified polystyrene B is prepared by carrying out in-situ modification on the modified polystyrene A by using chitosan.

Preferably, the main component of the bridging agent is blocked polyisocyanate.

The second aspect of the present invention provides: a preparation method of an ultrathin waterproof fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps: the process flow is as follows:

preparing a modified polystyrene spinning solution, carrying out electrostatic spinning, heating and drying for the first time, carrying out plasma treatment, carrying out foaming treatment on the modified polystyrene spinning solution, coating the spinning solution on a double-layer fabric, and heating and drying for the second time.

Preferably, the method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) dissolving polystyrene in a mixed solution compounded by ethyl acetate and cyclohexane, fully dissolving, heating to 85 ℃, transferring the polystyrene into a four-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer and a condenser, stirring for 5-10 min, adding benzoyl peroxide as an initiator, then dropwise adding a mixed monomer consisting of acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol, cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is finished to obtain modified polystyrene A, adding the modified polystyrene A into an NMMO solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modified polystyrene spinning solution;

(2) adding N-N-dimethylformamide into a modified polystyrene spinning solution at room temperature, magnetically stirring for 8 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed solution, transferring the prepared spinning solution into a spinning nozzle of a metal needle, wherein the anode is a copper wire, the cathode is ITO glass, the distance between the spinning nozzle and the ITO is 10cm, the flow rate is 1.0mL/h, the voltage of the two electrodes is adjusted to 14kV under the conditions that the relative humidity is 40-50% and the temperature is 22-28 ℃, and modified polystyrene superfine fibers are obtained on the ITO glass;

(3) immediately putting the superfine fibers obtained in the step (2) into modified polystyrene A, carrying out first heating and drying to obtain superfine fibers coated with the modified polystyrene, and weaving to form a fiber fabric;

(4) carrying out plasma treatment on the fiber fabric obtained in the step (3), wherein the power is 80W, the vacuum degree is 30PA, and the treatment time is 30-60 s;

(5) adding chitosan into 3% acetic acid solution, adding modified polystyrene A, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 7 to obtain modified polystyrene B;

(6) adding a bridging agent into the modified polystyrene B, uniformly stirring, coating the bridging agent on the inner sides of the fabrics woven by the two superfine fibers, and attaching to form the fabrics on two sides;

(7) and (4) heating and drying the double-layer fabric for the second time to obtain a finished product.

Preferably, in the step (1): the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to cyclohexane is 3: 1; the volume ratio of acrylic acid to benzyl alcohol is 3: 2.

preferably, in the step (3): the heating temperature of the first heating and drying is 210-220 ℃, the first heating and drying is carried out after 2-5 min, and the first heating and drying is carried out immediately, wherein the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃.

Preferably, in the step (5): the volume ratio of the chitosan to the modified polystyrene A is 0.5: 1.

preferably, in the step (7): and heating the mixture to 150-200 ℃ for the second heating, drying and heating, and immediately performing the second drying after 1-2 min, wherein the drying temperature is 90-120 ℃.

Example 1: the first ultrathin waterproof fabric comprises the following steps:

an ultrathin waterproof fabric comprises the following components in parts by weight:

50 parts of modified polystyrene A, 10 parts of modified polystyrene B, 5 parts of acrylic acid, 5 parts of benzyl alcohol, 5 parts of bridging agent, 5 parts of chitosan and 50 parts of NMMO solution.

The preparation method of the fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) dissolving polystyrene in a mixed solution prepared by compounding ethyl acetate and cyclohexane, and fully dissolving the polystyrene in the mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the ethyl acetate to the cyclohexane is 3: 1, heating to 85 ℃, transferring the mixture into a four-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer and a condenser, stirring for 5min, adding benzoyl peroxide as an initiator, and then dropwise adding a mixed monomer consisting of acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol, wherein the volume ratio of the acrylic acid to the benzyl alcohol is 3: 2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is finished to obtain modified polystyrene A, adding the modified polystyrene A into the NMMO solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modified polystyrene spinning solution;

(2) adding N-N-dimethylformamide into a modified polystyrene spinning solution at room temperature, magnetically stirring for 8 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed solution, transferring the prepared spinning solution into a spinning nozzle of a metal needle, wherein the anode is a copper wire, the cathode is ITO glass, the distance between the spinning nozzle and the ITO is 10cm, the flow rate is 1.0mL/h, the voltage of the two electrodes is adjusted to 14kV under the conditions that the relative humidity is 40% and the temperature is 22 ℃, and modified polystyrene superfine fibers are obtained on the ITO glass;

(3) immediately putting the superfine fibers obtained in the step (2) into modified polystyrene A, carrying out first heating and drying at the heating temperature of 210 ℃, immediately fishing out the superfine fibers after 2min, carrying out first drying at the temperature of 90 ℃, obtaining superfine fibers coated with the modified polystyrene, and weaving to form a fiber fabric;

(4) carrying out plasma treatment on the fiber fabric obtained in the step (3), wherein the power is 80W, the vacuum degree is 30PA, and the treatment time is 30 s;

(5) adding chitosan into 3% acetic acid solution, adding modified polystyrene A, wherein the volume ratio of the chitosan to the modified polystyrene A is 0.5: 1, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 7 after ultrasonic dispersion to prepare modified polystyrene B;

(6) adding a bridging agent into the modified polystyrene B, uniformly stirring, coating the bridging agent on the inner sides of the fabrics woven by the two superfine fibers, and attaching to form the fabrics on two sides;

(7) and (3) heating and drying the double-layer fabric for the second time to 150 ℃, immediately drying for the second time after 1min, and obtaining a finished product, wherein the drying temperature is 90 ℃.

Example 2: and (2) ultra-thin waterproof fabric II:

an ultrathin waterproof fabric comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the modified polystyrene A is 100 parts by weight, the modified polystyrene B is 20 parts by weight, the acrylic acid is 10 parts by weight, the benzyl alcohol is 10 parts by weight, the bridging agent is 10 parts by weight, the chitosan is 10 parts by weight, and the NMMO solution is 100 parts by weight.

The preparation method of the fabric comprises the following steps:

(1) dissolving polystyrene in a mixed solution prepared by compounding ethyl acetate and cyclohexane, and fully dissolving the polystyrene in the mixed solution, wherein the volume ratio of the ethyl acetate to the cyclohexane is 3: 1, heating to 85 ℃, transferring the mixture into a four-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer and a condenser, stirring for 5min, adding benzoyl peroxide as an initiator, and then dropwise adding a mixed monomer consisting of acrylic acid and benzyl alcohol, wherein the volume ratio of the acrylic acid to the benzyl alcohol is 3: 2, cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is finished to obtain modified polystyrene A, adding the modified polystyrene A into the NMMO solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modified polystyrene spinning solution;

(2) adding N-N-dimethylformamide into a modified polystyrene spinning solution at room temperature, magnetically stirring for 8 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed solution, transferring the prepared spinning solution into a spinning nozzle of a metal needle, wherein the anode is a copper wire, the cathode is ITO glass, the distance between the spinning nozzle and the ITO is 10cm, the flow rate is 1.0mL/h, the voltage of the two electrodes is adjusted to 14kV under the conditions that the relative humidity is 50% and the temperature is 25 ℃, and modified polystyrene superfine fibers are obtained on the ITO glass;

(3) immediately putting the superfine fibers obtained in the step (2) into modified polystyrene A, carrying out first heating and drying at the heating temperature of 220 ℃, immediately fishing out the superfine fibers after 4min, carrying out first drying at the temperature of 120 ℃, obtaining superfine fibers coated with the modified polystyrene, and weaving to form a fiber fabric;

(4) carrying out plasma treatment on the fiber fabric obtained in the step (3), wherein the power is 80W, the vacuum degree is 30PA, and the treatment time is 30 s;

(5) adding chitosan into 3% acetic acid solution, adding modified polystyrene A, wherein the volume ratio of the chitosan to the modified polystyrene A is 0.5: 1, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 7 after ultrasonic dispersion to prepare modified polystyrene B;

(6) adding a bridging agent into the modified polystyrene B, uniformly stirring, coating the bridging agent on the inner sides of the fabrics woven by the two superfine fibers, and attaching to form the fabrics on two sides;

(7) and (3) heating and drying the double-layer fabric for the second time to 170 ℃, immediately drying for the second time after 1min, and obtaining a finished product, wherein the drying temperature is 120 ℃.

Comparative example 1

The formulation of comparative example 1 was the same as example 1. The preparation method of the antibacterial fabric is different from that of the antibacterial fabric in the embodiment 1 only in that the step (4) is not carried out, and the rest preparation steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 was formulated as in example 1. The preparation method of the antibacterial fabric is different from that of the example 1 only in that the preparation of the step (5) is not carried out, the step (6) is carried out by adding water for substitution reaction, and the rest preparation steps are the same as those of the example 1.

Comparative example 3

The formulation of comparative example 3 was the same as example 1. The preparation method of the antibacterial fabric is different from that of the embodiment 1 only in the step (7), and the step (7) is changed into the following steps: and directly drying the double-layer fabric at the drying temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain a finished product. The rest of the preparation steps are the same as example 1.

Test example 1

1. Test method

Example 1 and comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 are comparative tests, in which the fabric was cut to the same size, water-sprayed 5 times, the moisture on the surface of the fabric was absorbed by a paper towel, and the weight change of the fabric before and after water spraying was measured.

2. Test results

Example 1 was compared to comparative examples 1, 2, and 3 for weight before and after water spraying.

TABLE 1 weight (g)

	Before spraying water	After spraying water
			Example 1	5.34	5.44
Comparative example 1	6.02	6.37
			Comparative example 2	5.80	6.02
Comparative example 3	5.76	5.99

Through the comparison of the mass before and after water spraying of the embodiment 1 and the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, the fact that the ultra-thin waterproof fabric prepared in the embodiment 1 has the smallest mass change and the lightest mass before water spraying can be obviously found, which shows that the plasma treatment, the chitosan and the secondary heating used in the invention can enhance the waterproof performance of the fabric to different degrees, and the prepared waterproof fabric is lighter, thus indicating that the ultra-thin waterproof fabric prepared in the invention has excellent waterproof performance and lighter mass.

Test example 2

1. Test method

Example 1 and comparative examples 2 and 3 are comparative tests, and the fabric is cut into the same size, and the thickness is measured and compared.

2. Test results

Thickness comparison of example 1 with comparative examples 2 and 3.

TABLE 2 thickness (mm)

	Thickness of
		Example 1	2.0
Comparative example 2	2.8
		Comparative example 3	2.7

By comparing the thicknesses of the example 1 and the comparative examples 2 and 3, it can be obviously found that the example 1 is light and thin, which indicates that the chitosan reaction and the secondary heating used in the invention both affect the thickness of the fabric, and indicates that the ultrathin waterproof fabric prepared by the invention has excellent heating and waterproof properties and is light and thin at the same time.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.