1. A technology for preparing chlorine gas by electrolyzing the aqueous solution of chloride (such as sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and ferric chloride) with tin anode.

2. A technology for preparing elementary bromine by electrolyzing the aqueous solution of bromide (such as potassium bromide, magnesium bromide and aluminium bromide) with tin anode.

3. A method for preparing iodine by electrolyzing aqueous solution of iodide (such as lithium iodide, barium iodide, and manganese iodide) with tin anode is provided.

4. A technology for preparing strong alkali (such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide) by electrolyzing halide aqueous solution with tin anode.

5. A method for preparing weak base (such as calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide) by electrolyzing halide aqueous solution with tin anode is provided.

6. A technology for preparing simple metal substances (such as zinc, lead, copper and manganese) by electrolyzing halide aqueous solution with a tin anode.

Background

When the chlorine is prepared by industrially electrolyzing the aqueous solution of sodium chloride, the anode takes a graphite material as a main part and takes noble metals (platinum, iridium and ruthenium) of a titanium matrix as an auxiliary part, the graphite is easy to corrode in work, the service life is only a few months, and the production difficulty is large and the processing is inconvenient; the noble metal resource is too little and expensive, and is not suitable for large-scale application.

Disclosure of Invention

The core content of the invention is to electrolyze the halide aqueous solution by using a tin anode to prepare various halogen simple substances, various alkalis and various metal simple substances. The following is a specific description of an aqueous solution of sodium chloride.

[ MATERIALS ] 1 silicon controlled rectifier adjustable direct current power supply, 1 tin wire (can be replaced by a tin wire) section, 1 stainless steel wire section, 2 rectangular boxes made of PP material, 1 homogeneous phase anion exchange membrane, 1 sodium chloride (can be replaced by salt), 1 tap water bottle, 1 sulfuric acid (used for a storage battery) bottle, 1 lead wire section, 1 single-component vulcanized silicone rubber, 1 60-watt small soldering iron, 1 soft iron wire section about 1 meter and 1 aluminum wire section.

First, a hot iron is cut along the middle of 1 PP box (the part about 2 cm away from the box opening is not cut), and the temperature of the iron is preferably adjusted to 300 ℃. The anion exchange membrane is inserted into a slit cut by the PP box and kept flat, then the vulcanized silicone rubber is coated into the slit, and the inside and the outside of the box are uniformly coated. Thirdly, the soft iron wires are wound on the outer side of the box close to the bottom and are screwed tightly, so that the box is divided into 2 small chambers by the ion exchange membrane, and the small chambers are respectively called as a left chamber and a right chamber. Then, the mixture was left for 15 hours or more to sufficiently cure the rubber. Fourthly, tap water is added into the 2 small chambers of the upper box, a large amount of sodium chloride is added into the left chamber, and a small amount of sodium chloride is added into the right chamber. And fifthly, adding the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and water into the other 1 boxes. The tin wire is connected to the positive pole of the silicon controlled power supply, the lead wire is connected to the negative pole of the silicon controlled power supply, and then the tin wire and the lead wire are placed in a sulfuric acid solution to be connected with the silicon controlled power supply. After 20 minutes, the thyristor was turned off, the tin wire was removed and placed in the right chamber of another 1 box. Lead wires of the negative electrode of the silicon controlled power supply are changed into stainless steel wires and placed in the left chamber of the box. Sixthly, switching on the silicon controlled rectifier power supply again to observe the result.

[ PROBLEMS ] A large amount of gas is simultaneously generated on a tin anode and a stainless steel cathode. The higher the voltage, the larger the amount of gas generated. The longer the time, the more gas is generated per unit time. Gas generated by the tin anode is very dazzling and has strong irritation to the nose, and is the smell of chlorine; the gas on the stainless steel cathode is colorless and odorless and is hydrogen. The aluminum wire is placed into the left chamber, a large amount of gas can be generated, and sodium hydroxide is proved to be generated. Sixthly, the tin anode is very stable when working, and the situation that the tin anode is not dissolved and falls off occurs.

To summarize, parameters such as power supply power, voltage, current, electrode thickness, electrode length, electrode shape, electrolytic cell size, and ion exchange membrane size are selected as required in practical production. And secondly, when the aqueous solution of other halides is electrolyzed, the condition is different from that of the aqueous solution of the sodium chloride, and the change is not great. The electrolyte solution is required to contain a large amount of halide electrolyte, and the presence or absence of other impurities is not critical.