1. The spraying material for preventing marine organism parasitizing marine equipment is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: a protective layer including an anti-permeation layer for preventing permeation of fouling organisms and an anti-permeation layer; the anti-seepage layer and the protective layer are sequentially sprayed on the surface of the maritime work equipment;

the anti-permeation layer comprises a base layer formed by plasma spraying of silicon carbide and a dense carbon layer covering the surface of the silicon carbide, the dense carbon layer is formed by introducing a carbon rod into plasma flame generated in an inert gas environment added with hydrogen, so that carbon is evaporated and accumulated on the surface of the silicon carbide to form the dense carbon layer, and the evaporated carbon fills gaps among silicon carbide atoms to enable the distance between atoms to be smaller than the diameter of protein molecules in adhesive glue secreted by fouling organisms, so that the function of preventing the adhesion of the adhesive glue from permeating and thus preventing the fouling organisms from adhering is achieved;

the protective layer comprises the following components: epoxy resin, polyurethane, marine organism glue and an embedded slow-release oil phase isolating agent; mixing epoxy resin, polyurethane, marine organism glue and an embedded slow-release oil phase separant, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the anti-seepage layer;

the epoxy resin and the functional groups in the polyurethane react to form a net structure, the marine biogel is added into the epoxy resin and the polyurethane to increase the adhesion of the protective layer on the anti-permeation layer, the oil phase isolating agent is slowly released to the surface of the marine equipment through an embedding technology to continuously form an oil film, and the organic layer formed on the surface of the marine equipment by seawater is avoided for a long time.

2. The marine organism parasitic marine work equipment preventing spraying material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: 10-20 parts of epoxy resin in the protective layer; 5-10 parts of polyurethane; 0.5-1 part of marine biogel; 2-5 parts of an oil phase separant.

3. The marine organism parasitic marine work equipment preventing spraying material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the embedding agent used in the embedding sustained-release technology is cyclodextrin or a microcapsule.

4. The marine organism parasitic marine work equipment preventing coating material according to claim 3, wherein: the method for embedding cyclodextrin comprises the following steps: weighing a proper amount of beta-cyclodextrin to prepare a cyclodextrin solution, and preparing a cyclodextrin solution according to the weight ratio of the beta-cyclodextrin: dissolving water in a ratio of 1:25 in water, heating in water bath at 40 ℃, and magnetically stirring for a period of time until the water is completely dissolved into a colorless transparent solution; weighing 2-5 parts of oil agent, adding into the cyclodextrin solution, and ultrasonically mixing; filtering under reduced pressure, washing the filter layer, sequentially washing with ethanol and a small amount of distilled water until the color of the oil agent can not be observed by naked eyes, filtering to obtain white powder, vacuum drying at 40 deg.C for 24 hr together with filter paper until the weight is constant, taking out the filter layer together with the filter paper, grinding, and pulverizing to obtain the clathrate.

5. The spray material for marine organism parasitical marine engineering equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the marine organism glue is one or more of mussel mucin, mucus secreted by foot gland of cap mussel, and mucus secreted by foot disc of sea anemone.

6. The marine organism parasitic marine work equipment preventing coating material according to claim 5, wherein: the mussel mucin is prepared by crushing mussel byssus, extracting, purifying by chromatography and concentrating.

7. The spray material for marine organism parasitical marine engineering equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the protective layer also comprises a defoaming agent and a plasticizer.

8. The marine organism parasitic marine work equipment preventing coating material according to claim 7, wherein: 0.05-0.1 part of defoaming agent; 0.05-0.1 part of plasticizer.

9. The spray material for marine organism parasitical marine engineering equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the oil phase separant is vegetable oil squeezed from natural plants.

Background

When marine equipment is used for underwater operation, the marine equipment is very easy to be parasitized by marine fouling organisms such as barnacles and the like due to long-time soaking in seawater, the performance of the marine equipment after barnacles are parasitized is reduced, the loss is increased, the barnacles are difficult to remove, and the removal cost is high, so that parasitism prevention means needs to be carried out on the marine equipment, wherein parasitism prevention materials are sprayed on the surface of the marine equipment.

The existing anti-parasitic material is mainly used for preventing and treating the following aspects: 1. the method can effectively remove the marine fouling organisms, but has large power consumption, so that the prevention cost is increased; 2. spraying a material containing protease or polysaccharide hydrolase to decompose the adhesive secreted by the marine fouling organisms at the initial stage of parasitism so as to avoid parasitism, but the method needs to re-coat the enzyme material after a period of time, thereby increasing the money cost for purchasing the enzyme and the time cost for re-coating; 3. spraying a material capable of generating hypochlorous acid, wherein the hypochlorous acid is an effective component for killing barnacles and preventing parasitism, but cannot be generated permanently, and needs to be additionally coated after a period of time, so that the cost is higher and is the same as the defect of the point 2; 4. the spraying of materials containing pesticides such as zinc oxide has been limited due to the large hazard to marine pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the technology, the invention provides a spraying material for preventing marine organism parasitizing marine engineering equipment.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a spray coating material for preventing marine organisms from parasitizing marine equipment comprises an anti-permeation layer for preventing the penetration of fouling organisms and a protective layer of the anti-permeation layer; the anti-seepage layer and the protective layer are sequentially sprayed on the surface of the maritime work equipment;

the anti-permeation layer comprises a base layer formed by plasma spraying of silicon carbide and a dense carbon layer covering the surface of the silicon carbide, the dense carbon layer is formed by introducing a carbon rod into plasma flame generated in an inert gas environment added with hydrogen, so that carbon is evaporated and accumulated on the surface of the silicon carbide to form the dense carbon layer, and the evaporated carbon fills gaps among silicon carbide atoms to enable the distance between atoms to be smaller than the diameter of protein molecules in adhesive glue secreted by fouling organisms, so that the function of preventing the adhesion of the adhesive glue from permeating and thus preventing the fouling organisms from adhering is achieved;

the protective layer comprises the following components: epoxy resin, polyurethane, marine organism glue and an embedded slow-release oil phase isolating agent; mixing epoxy resin, polyurethane, marine organism glue and an embedded slow-release oil phase separant, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the anti-seepage layer;

the epoxy resin and the functional groups in the polyurethane react to form a net structure, the marine biogel is added into the epoxy resin and the polyurethane to increase the adhesion of the protective layer on the anti-permeation layer, the oil phase isolating agent is slowly released to the surface of the marine equipment through an embedding technology to continuously form an oil film, and the organic layer formed on the surface of the marine equipment by seawater is avoided for a long time.

Further, 10-20 parts of epoxy resin in the protective layer; 5-10 parts of polyurethane; 0.5-1 part of marine biogel; 2-5 parts of an oil phase separant.

Furthermore, the embedding agent used in the embedding sustained-release technology is cyclodextrin or microcapsule.

Further, the method for embedding cyclodextrin comprises the following steps: weighing a proper amount of beta-cyclodextrin to prepare a cyclodextrin solution, and preparing a cyclodextrin solution according to the weight ratio of the beta-cyclodextrin: dissolving water in a ratio of 1:25 in water, heating in water bath at 40 ℃, and magnetically stirring for a period of time until the water is completely dissolved into a colorless transparent solution; weighing 2-5 parts of oil agent, adding into the cyclodextrin solution, and ultrasonically mixing; filtering under reduced pressure, washing the filter layer, sequentially washing with ethanol and a small amount of distilled water until the color of the oil agent can not be observed by naked eyes, filtering to obtain white powder, vacuum drying at 40 deg.C for 24 hr together with filter paper until the weight is constant, taking out the filter layer together with the filter paper, grinding, and pulverizing to obtain the clathrate.

Further, the marine biogum is one or more of mussel mucin, mucus secreted by foot gland of cap shellfish, and mucus secreted by foot disc of sea anemone.

Furthermore, the mussel mucin is prepared by crushing, extracting, purifying by chromatography and concentrating mussel byssus.

Further, the protective layer also contains a defoaming agent and a plasticizer.

Further, 0.05-0.1 part of defoaming agent; 0.05-0.1 part of plasticizer.

Further, the oil phase separating agent is vegetable oil squeezed from natural plants.

The spraying material for preventing and treating the infiltration and parasitism of the marine fouling organisms such as barnacles is developed according to the parasitic principle of the barnacles, the infiltration and the parasitism of the barnacles can be permanently prevented by one-time spraying, the coating is not required to be supplemented after a period of time, the normal use of marine equipment is protected, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The marine biogel contains natural components such as marine biogel and vegetable oil, does not pollute the marine environment, can keep excellent viscosity in water compared with land chemical glue, and is suitable for long-time underwater operation.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

A spray coating material for preventing marine organisms from parasitizing marine equipment comprises an anti-permeation layer for preventing the penetration of fouling organisms and a protective layer of the anti-permeation layer; the anti-seepage layer and the protective layer are sprayed on the surface of the maritime work equipment in sequence.

According to the attachment principle of fouling organisms, taking barnacles as an example, the adhesive component secreted by barnacles in parasitism is mainly protein, the protein content is over 70 percent, and a small amount of carbohydrate is contained. The barnacles are parasitized by penetrating the adhesive into pores on the surface of the substrate, so that the mode of preventing barnacle parasitization is to fill cracks on the surface of the substrate to a level of 0.1 nanometer smaller than the size of protein molecules.

Specifically, the anti-permeation layer comprises a base layer formed by plasma spraying of silicon carbide and a compact carbon layer covering the surface of the silicon carbide. Firstly, spraying a silicon carbide base layer on the surface of the marine equipment, and preliminarily filling fine cracks on the surface of the marine equipment to reach the level of preliminary smoothness of the surface.

Then, a dense carbon layer is further coated on the silicon carbide base layer, and a carbon rod is introduced into a plasma flame generated in an inert gas atmosphere to which hydrogen is added, so that carbon is evaporated and deposited on the surface of the silicon carbide to form the dense carbon layer. The compact carbon layer formed by the evaporated carbon can reach the level of 0.4nm, and the gaps among silicon carbide atoms are filled to ensure that the distance between atoms is smaller than the diameter of protein molecules in the attachment glue secreted by fouling organisms, so that the function of preventing the attachment glue from permeating and thus preventing the fouling organisms from attaching is achieved.

The protective layer comprises the following components: epoxy resin, polyurethane, marine organism glue and an embedded slow-release oil phase isolating agent; mixing epoxy resin, polyurethane, marine organism glue and embedded slow-release oil phase separant, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the anti-seepage layer. The oil phase separant is vegetable oil squeezed from natural plants.

The epoxy resin reacts with functional groups in the polyurethane to form a net structure, the marine biogel is added into the epoxy resin and the polyurethane to increase the adhesiveness of the protective layer on the anti-seepage layer, the oil phase separant is slowly released to the surface of the marine equipment through an embedding technology to continuously form an oil film, so that the organic substance layer is not easy to adhere, and the organic substance layer is easily washed away by water after being adhered, and the organic substance layer formed on the surface of the marine equipment by seawater can be prevented for a long time.

The organic substance layer is formed by attaching proteins, polysaccharides, microorganisms and the like metabolized by organisms in the sea water to the surface of marine equipment when the marine equipment is soaked in the sea water for a long time, and the existence of the organic substance layer promotes the parasitism of marine fouling organisms, so that the elimination of the organic substance layer is one of the keys for preventing the parasitism of the marine fouling organisms.

Specifically, 10-20 parts of epoxy resin is contained in the protective layer; 5-10 parts of polyurethane; 0.5-1 part of marine biogel; 2-5 parts of an oil phase separant. 0.05-0.1 part of defoaming agent and 0.05-0.1 part of plasticizer can also be included.

Wherein the marine biogel is one or more of mussel mucin, mucus secreted by foot gland of cap shellfish, and mucus secreted by foot disc of sea anemone. The marine biogum is natural and pollution-free, has good viscosity under water, and has more excellent performance than chemical glue used on land.

The mussel mucin is prepared by crushing mussel byssus, extracting, purifying by chromatography and concentrating. Mucus secreted by the foot glands of the cap shells and mucus secreted by the foot discs of the sea anemones can also be obtained in the manner described above.

The embedding agent used in the embedding sustained-release technology is cyclodextrin or microcapsule. The method for embedding cyclodextrin comprises the following steps: weighing a proper amount of beta-cyclodextrin to prepare a cyclodextrin solution, and preparing a cyclodextrin solution according to the weight ratio of the beta-cyclodextrin: dissolving water in a ratio of 1:25 in water, heating in water bath at 40 ℃, and magnetically stirring for a period of time until the water is completely dissolved into a colorless transparent solution; weighing 2-5 parts of oil agent, adding into the cyclodextrin solution, and ultrasonically mixing; filtering under reduced pressure, washing the filter layer, sequentially washing with ethanol and a small amount of distilled water until the color of the oil agent can not be observed by naked eyes, filtering to obtain white powder, vacuum drying at 40 deg.C for 24 hr together with filter paper until the weight is constant, taking out the filter layer together with the filter paper, grinding, and pulverizing to obtain the clathrate.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.