1. The culture solution for ornamental roses is characterized by comprising the following raw materials, by weight, 9-11 parts of urea, 4-6 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-1.5 parts of ammonium chloride, 1-1.5 parts of calcium chloride, 4-6 parts of nutrient leavening, 1-2 parts of white vinegar and 1500 parts of water 600-;

the nutrient fermented product comprises Chinese medicinal residue fermented product, rice washing water, tomato fermented product, and potato fermented product.

2. The culture solution of ornamental roses according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the Chinese medicinal residue fermented product, rice washing water, tomato fermented product and potato fermented product is 1 (0.5-0.7) to 0.3-0.5.

3. A method for preparing a culture solution of ornamental roses according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the culture solution comprises: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

s1: firstly, fermenting the traditional Chinese medicine residues, rice washing water, tomatoes and potatoes to obtain respective fermented materials, and crushing the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented materials;

s2: sieving and filtering the fermented products, selecting a filter screen with aperture of 1.6-2.5mm to sieve the fermented product of the Chinese medicinal residue, and selecting a filter screen with aperture of 0.08-0.5mm to filter the rice washing water, the fermented product of tomato and the fermented product of potato;

s3: and finally, adding urea, monopotassium phosphate, bacillus subtilis, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, white vinegar, the fermented product of the Chinese medicine residues obtained after sieving in the step S2, rice washing water obtained after filtering, the fermented product of the tomatoes and the fermented product of the potatoes into water according to a ratio.

4. The method for preparing a culture solution of ornamental roses according to claim 3, wherein the culture solution comprises the following steps: a method for preparing Chinese medicinal residue fermented product comprises spreading a layer of soil on the bottom of a closed container, spreading a layer of Chinese medicinal residue, spreading a layer of soil, spreading a layer of Chinese medicinal residue, repeating the process until the closed container is filled with the Chinese medicinal residue and soil at a ratio of 1 (3-4), and fermenting in a heating furnace at 35-50 deg.C for 15-25 days.

5. The method for preparing a culture solution of ornamental roses according to claim 3, wherein the culture solution comprises the following steps: a preparation method of rice washing water and tomato leavening comprises the steps of firstly mashing tomatoes, then adding rice washing water, and placing in a closed container, wherein the ratio of the rice washing water to the tomatoes is 1: (2-2.5) fermenting in a heating furnace at 25-35 deg.C for 2-4 days.

6. The method for preparing a culture solution of ornamental roses according to claim 3, wherein the culture solution comprises the following steps: a fermented potato product is prepared by cutting potato into strips, heating the strips to 80-90 deg.C, steaming, grinding to obtain mashed potato, placing the mashed potato in a clean sealed container, adding water at a ratio of 1 (0.5-0.8), and fermenting in a heating furnace at 30-45 deg.C for 8-12 days.

Background

Roses are deciduous shrubs of the Rosaceae family of the order Rosales, native to North China, Japan, and Korea. Roses like sunny, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, loose and fertile loam or light loam with good drainage; it is suitable for planting in the place with good ventilation and far away from the wall. The roses are divided into edible roses and ornamental roses, when the roses are used as cash crops, the flowers of the roses are mainly used for food and essence rose oil extraction, and the rose oil is applied to industries such as cosmetics, food, fine chemical engineering and the like.

The ornamental roses are mainly used for being given or enjoying themselves, and when a shop is opened or people are on important days in daily life, people can give roses mutually, and the roses represent blessings and symbolize romance. However, in the cultivation process, the growth speed of the roses is slow, and the quality of the ornamental roses is directly reduced under the influence of some insect pests, and the selling price is finally influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the disease resistance of roses and increase the germination and growth speed of rose seeds, the application provides a culture solution of ornamental roses and a preparation method thereof.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a culture solution for ornamental roses, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a culture solution for ornamental roses comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 9-11 parts of urea, 4-6 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-1.5 parts of ammonium chloride, 1-1.5 parts of calcium chloride, 4-6 parts of nutrient fermentation, 1-2 parts of white vinegar and 1500 parts of water 600-;

the nutrient fermented product comprises Chinese medicinal residue fermented product, rice washing water, tomato fermented product, and potato fermented product.

By adopting the technical scheme, the growth requirements of roses can be met by taking urea, monopotassium phosphate, bacillus subtilis, ammonium chloride and calcium chloride as basic fertilizers, the growth speed is increased, the bacillus subtilis can be rapidly propagated and colonized in a large amount in soil, and colonization and infection of plant pathogenic microorganisms on plants are effectively excluded, prevented and interfered, so that the effects of bacteriostasis and disease prevention are achieved.

The Chinese medicine residue fermented product is obtained by fermenting Chinese medicine residue, and the Chinese medicine residue contains rich mineral substances and can provide nutrient components required by plant growth. When the fermented traditional Chinese medicine residues are used, the nutrient absorption capacity of the rose root system can be improved, the growth is promoted, the stem is thick and the leaves are luxuriant, the flower is bright and thick in taste, and the disease resistance is enhanced.

The rice washing water and the tomato fermentation product are weakly acidic, can neutralize partial alkaline property of water, and contain rich elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and also contain a large amount of trace elements such as iron, magnesium, copper, zinc, molybdenum and the like, so the rice washing water and the tomato fermentation product are a compound fertilizer which is pollution-free, pollution-free and comprehensive in nutrition. Not only can promote the healthy growth and luxuriant branches and leaves of the roses, but also can prolong the flowering phase. In addition, the rice washing water and the tomato fermentation product contain more phosphorus, so that the formation of flower buds can be promoted, the flower bud differentiation can be promoted, and the rose is more bright.

The potato contains 18 kinds of amino acids including lysine, tryptophan, histidine, arginine, phenylalanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine and methionine, and also contains multiple vitamins and inorganic salts. Can provide a large amount of vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin E, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin M, etc., and inorganic salts such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, sodium, zinc, manganese, etc.

The white vinegar contains various compounds such as acetic acid, amino acid, glycerol and the like, can inhibit the propagation of putrefying bacteria, has strong killing power on various pathogenic bacteria, can be used as a synergist, and is matched with the nutrient leavening in a mutual synergistic manner, so that bacillus subtilis, the Chinese medicine residue leavening, rice washing water, tomato leavening and potato leavening can fully play a role, the flower bud differentiation is promoted, the growth speed is increased, the breeding of pathogenic bacteria is reduced, the flower of the rose is rich in taste, and the disease resistance is enhanced.

Preferably, the ratio of the Chinese medicine residue fermented product, the rice washing water, the tomato fermented product and the potato fermented product is 1 (0.5-0.7) to 0.3-0.5.

By adopting the technical scheme, the Chinese medicine residue fermented product, the rice washing water, the tomato fermented product and the potato fermented product are used as nutrient fermented products, trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like required by plants can be provided, inorganic salt and vitamins required by roses can also be provided, and the ratio of the Chinese medicine residue fermented product, the rice washing water, the tomato fermented product and the potato fermented product is 1 (0.5-0.7) to 0.3-0.5, and the best effect is achieved.

In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of an ornamental rose culture solution, which adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of ornamental rose culture solution comprises the following steps,

s1: firstly, fermenting the traditional Chinese medicine residues, rice washing water, tomatoes and potatoes to obtain respective fermented materials, and crushing the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented materials;

s2: sieving and filtering the fermented products, selecting a filter screen with aperture of 1.6-2.5mm to sieve the fermented product of the Chinese medicinal residue, and selecting a filter screen with aperture of 0.08-0.5mm to filter the rice washing water, the fermented product of tomato and the fermented product of potato;

s3: and finally, adding urea, monopotassium phosphate, bacillus subtilis, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, white vinegar, the fermented product of the Chinese medicine residues obtained after sieving in the step S2, rice washing water obtained after filtering, the fermented product of the tomatoes and the fermented product of the potatoes into water according to a ratio.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the rice washing water, the tomatoes and the potatoes are not fermented and are directly used, the roots and the seedlings of the roses can be damaged, so that the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the rice washing water, the tomatoes and the potatoes are fermented, sieved and filtered by filter screens with different meshes, and finally mixed with urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, bacillus subtilis, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, white vinegar and water. And (3) utilizing a drip irrigation system to drip irrigation the culture solution in the soil for cultivating the roses.

Preferably, the preparation method of the Chinese medicine residue leavening comprises the steps of taking a closed container, paving a layer of soil at the bottom of the closed container, paving a layer of Chinese medicine residue, paving a layer of soil, paving a layer of Chinese medicine residue, repeating the process until the closed container is filled, wherein the ratio of the Chinese medicine residue to the soil is 1 (3-4), and placing the closed container in a heating furnace for heat preservation and fermentation at the temperature of 35-50 ℃ for 15-25 days.

By adopting the technical scheme, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are obtained by decocting alpinia japonica, Chinese yam, hawthorn, monkshood, cinnamon, lily, red paeony root, lilac daphne flower bud, rice sprout and radix bupleuri twice, and are mixed with soil and then fermented, wherein the soil is selected from garden soil. Heating at 35-50 deg.C in a heating furnace, maintaining the temperature for 15-25 days, shortening the fermentation time of the Chinese medicinal residue, and improving production efficiency.

Preferably, the preparation method of the rice washing water and tomato fermented product comprises mashing tomato, adding rice washing water, placing in a sealed container, wherein the ratio of rice washing water to tomato is 1 (2-2.5), and fermenting in a heating furnace at 25-35 deg.C for 2-4 days.

By adopting the technical scheme, the rice washing water is the water after rice washing, the tomatoes are preferably rotten tomatoes which cannot be eaten or sold due to rotting or surface damage of the tomatoes. The rice washing water and the tomatoes can be reused after fermentation, so that resources are saved. Mashing tomato, increasing contact area with rice washing water, and heating with heating furnace to accelerate fermentation of rice washing water and tomato.

Preferably, the fermented potato product is prepared by cutting potato into strips, heating the strips to 80-90 deg.C, steaming, grinding to obtain mashed potato, placing the mashed potato in a clean sealed container, adding water at a ratio of 1 (0.5-0.8), and fermenting in a heating furnace at 30-45 deg.C for 8-12 days.

By adopting the technical scheme, the potatoes are preferably germinated, and the germinated potatoes contain carcinogenic substances, so that the potatoes cannot be eaten, can be used for preparing flower fertilizers and can be recycled. But requires fermentation treatment of the potatoes or germinated potatoes. Firstly, cutting potatoes into strips, heating the potato strips, steaming the potato strips to prepare mashed potatoes, adding water, fermenting, and heating at 30-45 ℃ by using a heating furnace to reduce the fermentation time.

In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

1. the nutrient fermentation material and the white vinegar are added into the basic fertilizer, and the synergistic effect of the basic fertilizer, the nutrient fermentation material and the white vinegar promotes each other, so that the effects of the basic fertilizer and the nutrient fermentation material are fully exerted, the growth speed of the ornamental rose is accelerated, the disease resistance is enhanced, and meanwhile, the rose has luxuriant branches and leaves and bright color;

2. the tomatoes are preferably rotten tomatoes, the potatoes are preferably germinated potatoes, the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the rice washing water, the rotten tomatoes and the germinated potatoes are prepared by respective fermentation and are used as preparation culture solutions, the utilization rate of waste is improved, and the green and environment-friendly concept is met; 3. the nutrient fermentation product is added into the culture solution, so that the use amount of a basic fertilizer can be reduced, and resources are saved, wherein the basic fertilizer comprises urea, monopotassium phosphate, bacillus subtilis, ammonium chloride and calcium chloride;

4. according to the preparation method of the culture solution, the waste is recycled, and the culture solution can be obtained through simple fermentation and filtration and simple preparation, so that the preparation method can be suitable for large-batch preparation.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Preparation of nutrient fermented product

1. A preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented product comprises the steps of selecting traditional Chinese medicine residues obtained by decocting alpinia japonica, Chinese yam, hawthorn, monkshood, cinnamon, lily, red paeony root, lilac daphne flower bud, rice sprout and radix bupleuri twice, preparing the traditional Chinese medicine residues and garden soil in a ratio of 1:4, flatly paving the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the garden soil in a clean closed container, heating the closed container in a heating furnace for 35 ℃, and preserving heat for 20 days; crushing the fermented traditional Chinese medicine residues in a crusher, and sieving the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented product by using a filter screen with the aperture of 2.0mm to obtain the uniform traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented product.

2. A preparation method of rice washing water and tomato fermented product comprises mashing tomatoes, placing the rice washing water and tomatoes in a closed container according to a ratio of 1:2.5, heating to 30 deg.C in a heating furnace, keeping the temperature for 3 days, and filtering with a filter screen with aperture of 0.08-0.5mm to obtain uniform rice washing water and tomato fermented product.

3. A preparation method of potato fermented product comprises cutting potato into strips or blocks, heating the cut potato to 90 deg.C for steaming, preparing into mashed potato, mixing mashed potato with water at a ratio of 1:0.6, placing in a sealed container, heating to 35 deg.C in a heating furnace, fermenting for 10 days while maintaining the temperature, and filtering with a filter screen with aperture of 0.08-0.5mm to obtain uniform potato fermented product.

Second, preparation of culture solution

1. Preparing nutrient fermented product from the Chinese medicinal residue fermented product, rice washing water, tomato fermented product and potato fermented product at a ratio of 1 (0.5-0.7) to 0.3-0.5;

2. mixing the prepared nutrient fermentation product with urea, monopotassium phosphate, bacillus subtilis, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, white vinegar and water according to a corresponding proportion, fully stirring, and dissolving the urea, monopotassium phosphate, bacillus subtilis, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, the nutrient fermentation product and the white vinegar in the water to finally obtain a culture solution.

Preparation example

The nutrient fermented product is prepared according to the above preparation method, and the contents of the Chinese medicinal residue fermented product, rice washing water, tomato fermented product and potato fermented product are as follows.

TABLE 1 specific content (Kg unit) in the nutrient fermented material

Categories	Chinese medicine dregs leaven	Rice washing water and tomato fermented product	Potato fermented product
				Preparation example (1)	10	4	2
Preparation example (2)	10	6	4
				Preparation example (3)	10	8	6
Preparation example (4)	-	6	4
				Preparation example (5)	10	-	4
Preparation example (6)	10	6	-

Preparations (1) to (6) in the above table are examples.

The difference between the preparation example (7) and the preparation example (1) is that the herb residue is selected from tortoise shell, pangolin, hippocampus, endothelium corneum gigeriae galli, antelope horn, aspongopus and earthworm, and the others are consistent with the preparation example (1).

The difference between the preparation example (8) and the preparation example (2) is that the herb residue is selected from tortoise shell, pangolin, hippocampus, endothelium corneum gigeriae galli, antelope horn, aspongopus and earthworm, and the others are consistent with the preparation example (2).

Examples

The culture solutions of examples and comparative examples were prepared by the above preparation method, and specifically contained ingredients and amounts shown in the following table, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, bacillus subtilis, ammonium chloride, and calcium chloride in the culture solutions were used as base fertilizers, and the culture solutions were prepared at the following contents without change in the following examples and comparative examples. 10Kg of urea, 5Kg of monopotassium phosphate, 5Kg of bacillus subtilis, 1.5Kg of ammonium chloride, 1.5Kg of calcium chloride and 800Kg of water.

TABLE 2 amounts (unit: Kg) of the nutrient fermented product and white vinegar in the culture solutions of examples and comparative examples

Categories	Nutrient fermented product	Preparation example	White vinegar
				Example 1	4	(1)	2
Example 2	4	(2)	2
				Example 3	4	(3)	2
Example 4	4	(4)	2
				Example 5	4	(5)	2
Example 6	4	(6)	2
				Example 7	4	(7)	2
Example 8	4	(8)	2
				Example 9	5	(2)	2
Example 10	6	(2)	1
				Example 11	5	(8)	2
Comparative example 1	-	-	2
				Comparative example 2	5	(2)	-
Comparative example 3	-	-	-
				Comparative example 4	2	(2)	2
Comparative example 5	13.5	(2)	2

Comparative example 6 is different from example 9 in that in comparative example 6, the unfermented herb residue, rice-washing water, tomatoes and potatoes are added to the culture solution, and the herb residue, rice-washing water, tomatoes and potatoes are simply crushed and filtered and then added to the culture solution, and the rest is the same as example 9.

Performance test

The experimental site was Qijiu gardening technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.

Experiment one:

the rose is bush of rosebush of Rosa of Rosaceae, and the plant is composed of root, stem, leaf and flower. The root system is developed, and the horizontal root system is developed and stronger than the vertical root system. Selecting loose, fertile and good-drainage soil, requiring sufficient sunlight, and having a proper growth temperature of 12-28 ℃, and treating seeds: the seeds need to be soaked in warm water at 40 ℃ for more than 6 hours before planting, then are scattered in soil, the thickness of the soil is more than 150mm, and after the seeds germinate, 4-6 true leaves grow out, the seeds are subjected to plant division seedling culture.

Selecting an experimental greenhouse, wherein the experimental greenhouse comprises 17 seedling raising beds, the thickness and the width of soil in the seedling raising beds and the thickness and the width of a soil layer are consistent, the same method is adopted in other conventional operations, before sowing, the culture solution of the embodiment 1-11 and the comparative example 1-6 are required to be injected into the soil of the 17 seedling raising beds in a drip irrigation mode, sowing operation is carried out after 1-2 days, each seedling raising bed is sown with 60 rose seeds, each two rose seeds form one group, 30 groups are formed in total, after the rose seeds germinate and grow to 50mm, selecting the optimal rose seeds, and selecting one strain in each group to be remained for continuous growth. After the rose blossoms for the first time, the drip irrigation of the culture solution is performed again.

The time from sowing until the first rose blossoms was recorded, and the number of blossoms within 10 days from the first rose was recorded, and the experimental results are shown in the following table.

TABLE 3 results of the experiment

Experiment two:

another experimental greenhouse is selected, the roses cultivated in the embodiment 9 are subjected to plant division and seedling cultivation, 17 seedling cultivation beds are selected, 60 roses are planted on each seedling cultivation bed and are divided into two rows, the row spacing is 50-80cm, the plant spacing is 40-50cm, hole cultivation or furrow cultivation can be carried out, and the hole diameter and the hole depth are about 40 cm. Digging and leveling up the bottom of the hole to plant the rose, planting one rose in each hole, covering fine soil and compacting after planting, respectively carrying out drip irrigation on the culture solution of the embodiment 1-11 and the comparative example 1-6 on 17 seedling raising beds in the first month for 15 days, carrying out drip irrigation on the culture solution of the second month for 10 days, carrying out drip irrigation on the culture solution of the third month for 7 days, and carrying out other conventional cultivation in the same treatment mode.

In the process of rose growth, common diseases such as black spot, powdery mildew, branch blight and root cancer, and occasionally diseases such as rust, dew bacteria and anthracnose appear, and the occurrence of the diseases directly influences the rose growth. Within three months, the number of roses with the disease needs to be recorded and the incidence rate is calculated.

In addition, the diameter of the rhizome of each rose 50cm away from the ground is measured, and the average value is calculated; in a natural state, the diameter of each rose at the maximum was measured, and the average diameter was calculated. Taking red rose as an example to observe the color of the rose, the color is divided into bright red and dark red, and the bright red is superior to the dark red, and the results are shown in the following table.

TABLE 4 results of the experiment

Results and comparison of the results

As can be seen by combining examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 6 with Table 3, examples 1 to 11 are superior to comparative examples 1 to 6 in terms of flowering time and average number of flowers per plant, indicating that examples 1 to 11 can shorten flowering time of roses and promote increase in the number of flowers.

As can be seen by combining examples 1-11 and comparative examples 1-6 with Table 4, the culture solutions prepared in examples 1-11 can effectively reduce the incidence of roses, especially, example 9 can control the incidence of roses to 1.67%, and can promote the growth of the roots and stems of roses, so that the roses have larger diameters and brighter colors.

As can be seen by combining example 9 and comparative examples 1 to 3 with Table 3 and Table 4, roses cultured with the nutrient fermented product alone or the white vinegar alone or the culture broth without the nutrient fermented product and the white vinegar were inferior to those of example 9 used in combination.

As can be seen by combining examples 1-6 with tables 3 and 4, the types and amounts of the nutrient fermentations slightly affected the results of experiments one and two, but the same effect was not as good as the combined effect, and the best ratio was the nutrient fermentations prepared in preparation (2).

Combining examples 2, 9, 10 and comparative examples 4, 5 with tables 3 and 4, it can be seen that the amounts of the nutrient fermentate and the white vinegar had a certain effect on the ratio, which ranged from (2-6): 1, the best ratio being 2.5:1, i.e. the results of example 9, in (2-6): the effect outside the range of 1 is poor, that is, the experimental results of comparative examples 4 and 5.

Combining example 7 and comparative example 6, and combining table 3 and table 4, it can be seen that the effect of the unfermented herb residue and rice washing water is not as good as that of tomato and potato, and the effect on rose growth is less.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.