1. A pipeline shield construction device for simulating a deep sea environment is characterized by comprising a simulated soil box and a high-pressure cabin, the bottom of the high-pressure cabin is provided with a balancing weight, a vertical isolation plate is arranged in the high-pressure cabin and divides the high-pressure cabin into a plurality of mutually independent air cavities, the bottom of the air cavity is provided with a first valve which is communicated with a first connecting pipe, the side wall of the first connecting pipe is provided with a first check valve, the end part of the first connecting pipe is provided with a first connecting joint, seawater enters the first connecting pipe from the first check valve, the simulated soil box is provided with a second connector, the first connector is detachably connected with the second connector, the first connector and the second connector are both provided with second valves, the first valves are connected with a control system, the control system controls the first valves to be opened one by one, and only one first valve is communicated at a time.

2. The pipeline shield construction device for simulating the deep sea environment according to claim 1, wherein the first valve is an electromagnetic control valve, the control system is a controller, and the electromagnetic control valve is in signal connection with the controller.

3. The pipeline shield construction device for simulating the deep sea environment according to claim 1, further comprising a pressurizing cabin, wherein the pressurizing cabin comprises a piston cylinder, a water pushing plunger and a pushing mechanism, an opening is formed in one end of the piston cylinder, a first sealing cover is arranged on the other end of the piston cylinder, the water pushing piston slides in the piston cylinder, a water pressurizing cavity is formed between the first sealing cover and the water pushing plunger, the water pressurizing cavity is communicated with the high-pressure cabin through a second check valve, a water flow gap is formed between the water pushing plunger and the piston cylinder, and the pushing mechanism is arranged on the piston cylinder and used for pushing the water pushing plunger to move towards the first sealing cover.

4. The pipeline shield construction device for simulating the deep sea environment according to claim 3, wherein the pushing mechanism comprises a sleeve, a sliding rod, an explosive package and an igniter, an opening is formed in one end of the sleeve, a second sealing cover is arranged on the other end of the sleeve, the sliding rod is connected with the sleeve in a sliding mode and extends out of the opening to be connected to the side face of the water pushing plug, the explosive package is arranged in the sleeve between the sliding rod and the second sealing cover, the explosive package is coated with a waterproof film, and the igniter is used for igniting the explosive package.

5. The pipeline shield construction device for simulating the deep sea environment according to claim 3, wherein the second cover is provided with a double U-shaped exhaust port which is communicated with the air bag, the second cover is provided with a storage box, and the air bag is folded in the storage box.

6. The pipeline shield construction device for simulating the deep sea environment according to claim 3, wherein the detonation device comprises a power supply, an ignition electrode and a control switch, the power supply, the control switch and the ignition electrode are connected in series, the control switch comprises an elastic air bag, a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is fixed in the middle of the elastic air bag, the second electrode is fixed on the inner wall of the elastic air bag, and the first electrode is in contact with the second electrode when the elastic air bag is compressed.

7. The pipeline shield construction device for simulating the deep sea environment according to claim 5, wherein the elastic air bag is an expansion air bag, the first electrode is arranged in the expansion air bag, and the second electrode is arranged on the inner wall of the end part of the expansion air bag.

8. The pipeline shield construction device for simulating the deep sea environment according to claim 6, wherein the telescopic air bag is provided with an air nozzle, and a plurality of reinforcing rings are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the telescopic air bag.

Background

The shield method is a fully mechanical construction method in the construction of the underground excavation method. The shield machine is propelled in the ground, and the surrounding rocks around the shield machine are supported by the shield shell and the duct pieces to prevent collapse into the tunnel. And simultaneously, excavating the soil body in front of the excavation surface by using a cutting device, conveying the soil out of the hole by using an excavating machine, jacking the soil body by pressing at the rear part by using a jack, and assembling precast concrete segments to form the mechanical construction method of the tunnel structure.

The current simulated shield construction is mainly on land or in shallow sea, and related data research is lacked for shield construction in deep sea. For example, a simulated soil box for a simulated shield tunneling machine test with publication number CN100343485C realizes simulation of various typical strata with a depth of 22m in the simulated soil box, but does not simulate a deep sea environment. The prior art can not simulate construction in a deep sea environment at present, so that the adaptability research of a shield tunneling machine in a deep sea stratum is lacked, and the reliability of the shield tunneling machine before application in the deep sea environment can not be confirmed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the prior art, the invention provides a pipeline shield construction device for simulating a deep sea environment, which is characterized in that a hyperbaric chamber is submerged into the deep sea to be filled with ultrahigh-pressure seawater, and then the ultrahigh-pressure seawater is filled into a simulated soil box, so that the ultrahigh-pressure deep sea environment can be simulated, and a simulated experimental environment is provided for the deep sea shield construction.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a pipeline shield construction device for simulating a deep sea environment comprises a simulated soil box and a high pressure cabin, wherein the bottom of the high pressure cabin is provided with a balancing weight, a vertical isolation plate is arranged in the high-pressure chamber and divides the high-pressure chamber into a plurality of mutually independent air chambers, the bottom of the air cavity is provided with a first valve which is communicated with a first connecting pipe, the side wall of the first connecting pipe is provided with a first check valve, the end part of the first connecting pipe is provided with a first connecting joint, seawater enters the first connecting pipe from the first check valve, the simulated soil box is provided with a second connector, the first connector is detachably connected with the second connector, the first connector and the second connector are both provided with second valves, the first valves are connected with a control system, the control system controls the first valves to be opened one by one, and only one first valve is communicated at a time.

Furthermore, the first valve is an electromagnetic control valve, the control system is a controller, and the electromagnetic control valve is in signal connection with the controller.

Further, still include the pressurized cabin, the pressurized cabin includes a piston section of thick bamboo, pushes away water plunger and pushing mechanism, piston section of thick bamboo one end is equipped with the opening, and the other end is equipped with first closing cap, it is in to push away the water piston slide in the piston section of thick bamboo, constitute the pressurized water chamber between first closing cap and the water plunger of pushing away, the pressurized water chamber through the second check valve with the hyperbaric chamber intercommunication, it is equipped with the rivers clearance to push away between water plunger and the piston section of thick bamboo, pushing mechanism locates be used for promoting on the piston section of thick bamboo push away the water plunger to first closing cap removes.

Furthermore, pushing mechanism includes sleeve, slide bar, explosive package and ignition, sleeve one end is equipped with the opening, and the other end is equipped with the second closing cap, the slide bar with sleeve sliding connection stretches out from the opening and connects in push away water column stopper side, be equipped with in the sleeve between slide bar and the second closing cap the explosive package, the explosive package cladding has the waterproof membrane, ignition is used for detonating the explosive package.

Furthermore, the second sealing cover is provided with a double-U-shaped exhaust port, the exhaust port is communicated with the air bag, the second sealing cover is provided with a storage box, and the air bag is folded in the storage box.

Furthermore, the detonation device comprises a power supply, an ignition electrode and a control switch, wherein the power supply, the control switch and the ignition electrode are connected in series, the control switch comprises an elastic air bag, a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is fixed in the middle of the elastic air bag, the second electrode is fixed on the inner wall of the elastic air bag, and the first electrode is in contact with the second electrode when the elastic air bag is compressed.

Furthermore, the elastic air bag is a telescopic air bag, the first electrode is arranged in the telescopic air bag, and the second electrode is arranged on the inner wall of the end part of the telescopic air bag.

Furthermore, the telescopic air bag is provided with an air tap, and a plurality of reinforcing rings are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the telescopic air bag.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: and filling a soil layer in the simulated soil box according to the components of the deep sea environment, and performing a simulated construction experiment by using a shield device. Before the simulation construction is carried out, the high-pressure cabin is placed in a deep seawater layer, and when the high-pressure cabin sinks to a preset depth, the seawater pressure and the gas pressure in the high-pressure cabin are the same as the water pressure at the position. And then, pulling the high-pressure cabin out of the water surface by using the lifting device, connecting the first connector and the second connector at the end part of the first connecting pipe, and opening the second valve to connect the first connecting pipe with the simulated soil box. And then the first valves are opened one by one through a control system, so that the air cavities are communicated with the simulated soil box one by one, and one air cavity is communicated with the simulated soil box at each time. When all the air cavities are communicated with the simulated soil box one by one, the water pressure in the simulated soil box is close to the water pressure in the deep sea. Because the air chambers are communicated with the simulated soil tanks one by one, the pressure communicated from the back is not conducted into the air chamber in the front, so that the pressure in the simulated soil tanks after all communication is closer to the pressure in the deep sea. The volume change caused when the first valve is opened is compensated for by the presence of gas in the gas chamber.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional structure view of a pipeline shield construction device for simulating a deep sea environment according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first valve and the controller according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pipeline shield construction device for simulating a deep sea environment according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of the pressurized chamber according to example 2 of the present invention;

in the figure, 1 is a simulated soil box, 2 is a hyperbaric chamber, 3 is a balancing weight, 4 is a separation plate, 5 is an air chamber, 6 is a first valve, 7 is a first connecting pipe, 8 is a first check valve, 9 is a first connecting head, 10 is a second connecting head, 11 is a second valve, 12 is a controller, 13 is a pressurizing chamber, 14 is a piston cylinder, 15 is a water pushing plug, 16 is a pushing mechanism, 17 is a first sealing cover, 18 is a second check valve, 19 is a water flow gap, 20 is a sleeve, 21 is a sliding rod, 22 is an explosive charge, 23 is an igniter, 24 is a second sealing cover, 25 is a waterproof membrane, 26 is an air outlet, 27 is an air bag, 28 is a storage box, 29 is a power supply, 30 is an ignition electrode, 31 is a control switch, 32 is an elastic air bag, 33 is a first electrode, 34 is a second electrode, 35 is an air tap and 36 is a reinforcing ring.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific embodiments are provided below, and the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-2, a pipeline shield construction device for simulating a deep sea environment comprises a simulated soil box 1 and a hyperbaric chamber 2, wherein a counterweight 3 is arranged at the bottom of the hyperbaric chamber 2, a vertical partition plate 4 is arranged in the hyperbaric chamber 2, the partition plate 4 divides the hyperbaric chamber 2 into a plurality of mutually independent air chambers 5, a first valve 6 is arranged at the bottom of each air chamber 5, the first valves 6 are all communicated with a first connecting pipe 7, a first check valve 8 is arranged on the side wall of each first connecting pipe 7, a first connecting joint 9 is arranged at the end part of each first connecting pipe 8, seawater enters the first connecting pipe 7 from the first check valve 8, the simulated soil box 1 is provided with a second connecting joint 10, the first connecting joint 9 is detachably connected with the second connecting joint 10, the first connecting joint 9 and the second connecting joint are both provided with a second valve 11, the first valve 6 is connected with a control system, the control system controls the first valves 6 to be opened one by one, and only one first valve 6 is communicated at a time.

A soil layer is filled in the simulated soil box 1 according to the components of the deep sea environment, and a shield device is used for carrying out a simulated construction experiment. Before carrying out the simulation construction, put into the deep layer of sea water with hyperbaric chamber 2, be equipped with vertical division board 4 in hyperbaric chamber 2, division board 4 will hyperbaric chamber 2 is split into a plurality of mutually independent air cavity 5, and air cavity 5 is the internal storage has gas, after hyperbaric chamber 2 sinks the sea water, because the bottom of air cavity 5 is equipped with first valve 6, first valve 6 all communicates with first connecting pipe 7, 7 lateral walls of first connecting pipe are equipped with first check valve 8, and the sea water is poured into in first connecting pipe 7 from first check valve 8. The balancing weight 3 at the bottom of the hyperbaric chamber 2 makes the isolation plate 4 in a vertical state, and because the density of the seawater is greater than that of the air, the seawater in the air chamber 5 is positioned at the bottom, the gas is positioned at the upper part, along with the continuous improvement of the depth of the hyperbaric chamber 2, the high-pressure seawater continuously enters the air chamber 5, and the air at the upper part in the air chamber 5 is continuously compressed. When the hyperbaric chamber 2 sinks to a preset depth, the pressure of the seawater and the gas in the hyperbaric chamber 2 are the same as the water pressure at that location. And then, the high-pressure cabin 2 is pulled out of the water surface by using the hoisting device, the first connector 9 and the second connector 10 at the end part of the first connecting pipe 7 are connected, and the first connecting pipe 7 is communicated with the simulated soil box 1 by opening the second valve 11. And then the first valves 6 are opened one by one through a control system, so that the air cavities 5 are communicated with the simulated soil boxes 1 one by one, and one air cavity 5 is communicated with the simulated soil box 1 every time. The first valve 6 of the previously connected air chamber 5 is closed and then the next first valve 6 is opened. After the first valve 6 is opened, the seawater in the air chamber 5 flows into the simulated soil box 1, thereby adding the seawater into the simulated soil box 1. When the seawater in the first air cavity 5 flows into the simulated soil box 1, the pressure of the seawater in the simulated soil box 1 is small, the next first valve 6 is opened after the first valve 6 is closed, and the seawater in the next air cavity 5 flows into the simulated soil box 1, so that the pressure of the seawater in the simulated soil box 1 is further increased. When all the air cavities 5 are communicated with the simulated soil box 1 one by one, the water pressure in the simulated soil box 1 is close to the water pressure in the deep sea. Because the air cavities 5 are communicated with the simulated soil boxes 1 one by one, the pressure communicated from the back is not conducted into the air cavity 5 in the front, so that the pressure in the simulated soil boxes 1 after all communication is closer to the pressure in the deep sea. The volume change caused when the first valve 6 is opened is compensated for by the presence of gas in the gas chamber 5.

Specifically, the first valve 6 is an electromagnetic control valve, the control system is a controller 12, and the electromagnetic control valve is in signal connection with the controller 12. The opening and closing of the electromagnetic control valves are controlled by the controller 12, so that the electromagnetic control valves are ensured to be opened one by one and only one electromagnetic control valve is communicated at a time.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 3-4, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in, still includes the pressurized cabin 13, the pressurized cabin 13 includes piston cylinder 14, water pushing plug 15 and pushing mechanism 16, piston cylinder 14 one end is equipped with the opening, and the other end is equipped with first closing cap 17, the water pushing piston is in slide in the piston cylinder 14, constitute the pressurized water chamber between first closing cap 17 and the water pushing plug 15, the pressurized water chamber pass through second check valve 18 with hyperbaric chamber 2 intercommunication, be equipped with rivers clearance 19 between water pushing plug 15 and the piston cylinder 14, pushing mechanism 16 locates be used for promoting on the piston cylinder 14 water pushing plug 15 to first closing cap 17 removes. Seawater is filled in the pressurizing chamber 13, sinks to the sea bottom together with the high-pressure chamber 2 in the pressurizing chamber 13, and slowly flows into the piston cylinder 14 from the water flow gap 19 when the pressure of the seawater rises. The pushing mechanism 16 pushes the pushing water column plug 15 to move along the piston cylinder 14 under the sea bottom, and the pushing water column plug 15 pressurizes the seawater in the piston cylinder 14 when moving along the piston cylinder 14, so that the pressure of the seawater is increased, and the pressure of the seawater is increased. When the pushing mechanism is operated, the seawater is not ready to be discharged from the water flow gap, so that the pressure in the pressurizing chamber is rapidly increased, and the seawater in the pressurizing chamber 13 flows to the high pressure chamber 2 through the second check valve 18. Since the side of plunger 15 is in contact with the sea water in the deep sea, the pressure in chamber 13 is equal to the sum of the sea water pressure plus the pressure generated by the action of pushing mechanism 16. The pressure of the deep sea environment is fully utilized, and high-pressure seawater can be obtained in the piston cylinder 14 by utilizing smaller driving force.

Specifically, the pushing mechanism 16 comprises a sleeve 20, a sliding rod 21, an explosive package 22 and an igniter 23, wherein an opening is formed in one end of the sleeve 20, a second cover 24 is formed in the other end of the sleeve 20, the sliding rod 21 is connected with the sleeve 20 in a sliding mode and extends out of the opening to be connected to the side face of the water pushing plug 15, the explosive package 22 is arranged in the sleeve 20 between the sliding rod 21 and the second cover 24, the explosive package 22 is coated with a waterproof film 25, and the igniter 23 is used for igniting the explosive package 22. The explosive charge 22 is detonated by the detonating device 23, and the detonation process generates a large amount of gas, which pushes the sliding rod 21 to move and slide out of the opening of the sleeve 20, thereby pushing the plunger 15 to move. The sliding rod 21 is connected with the side surface of the water pushing column plug 15, so that the impact force generated in the explosion moment can be reduced, and the sliding rod 21 is impacted on the water pushing column plug 15. The pushing mechanism 16 has a small volume and can generate a strong pushing force to increase the seawater pressure in the hyperbaric chamber 2. The waterproof film 25 improves the waterproof performance of the explosive package 22. When the hyperbaric chamber 2 is submerged in deep seawater, the explosive charge 22 is detonated by the detonating device 23.

Specifically, the second cover 24 is provided with a double U-shaped vent 26, the vent 26 is communicated with an air bag 27, the second cover 24 is provided with a storage box 28, and the air bag 27 is folded in the storage box 28. The exhaust port 26 is in a double U shape, that is, two U-shaped pipes are connected in series, so that the gas generated by explosion cannot be exhausted in time under the impact force, thereby pushing the slide rod 21 to slide. After the sliding of the sliding rod 21 is finished, the gas is slowly discharged into the air bag 27 from the gas outlet 26, the gas in the air bag 27 is increased to generate buoyancy, and the high-pressure chamber 2 and the pressurizing chamber 13 are floated out of the water surface. The airbag 27 is folded and stored in the storage case 28 when not in use. A GPS locator may be built into the hyperbaric chamber 2 or the compression chamber 13, by means of which the position of the device is determined when it is inflated.

Specifically, the igniter 23 includes a power supply 29, an ignition electrode 30 and a control switch 31, the power supply 29, the control switch 31 and the ignition electrode 30 are connected in series, the control switch 31 includes an elastic airbag 32, a first electrode 33 and a second electrode 34, the first electrode 33 is fixed in the middle of the elastic airbag 32, the second electrode 34 is fixed on the inner wall of the elastic airbag 32, and the first electrode 33 is in contact with the second electrode 34 when the elastic airbag 32 is compressed. An appropriate amount of gas is filled in the elastic bag 32 according to the required seawater pressure of the hyperbaric chamber 2. The elastic air bag 32 is subjected to seawater pressure in seawater, the elastic air bag 32 contracts under the action of the pressure, when the preset depth is reached, the elastic air bag 32 contracts, so that the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 34 are connected, and the circuit of the control switch 31 is connected. Power supply 29 supplies power to firing electrode 30 so that firing electrode 30 ignites explosive charge 22 and pushing mechanism 16 begins to operate.

Specifically, the elastic airbag 32 is an inflatable airbag 27, the first electrode 33 is disposed in the inflatable airbag 27, and the second electrode 34 is disposed on an inner wall of an end portion of the inflatable airbag 27. When the elastic balloon 32 is subjected to pressure, the moving deformation in the expansion and contraction direction is increased, and the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 34 are easily contacted and separated.

Specifically, the telescopic airbag 27 is provided with an air nozzle 35, and a plurality of reinforcing rings 36 are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the telescopic airbag 27. The telescopic air bag 27 is inflated by the air nozzle 35, so that the operation is convenient. A plurality of reinforcing rings 36 are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the telescopic air bag 27 to improve the radial strength and extend and retract along the axial direction of the telescopic air bag 27.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.