1. A hydraulic model installation method, characterized in that the method comprises:

setting projection brackets in different directions of the boundary of the installation area according to the size of the hydraulic model to be installed;

fixing a projector on each projection bracket, and recording the spatial position of a projection lens of each projector;

checking a projection view of the projector;

establishing a front view, a rear view, a left view, a right view and a top view of the hydraulic model to be installed in an installation area at the PC end, and transmitting the front view, the rear view, the left view, the right view and the top view to a projector;

opening a corresponding projector, projecting the view of the hydraulic model to be installed onto the installation area, then installing the corresponding hydraulic model to be installed onto the installation area according to the view projection, and simultaneously ensuring that the hydraulic model to be installed is completely overlapped with the corresponding projection profile;

and checking the installed model by using the overall view of the hydraulic model to be installed.

2. The hydraulic model installation method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps according to the size of the hydraulic model to be installed:

and determining the size of an installation area according to the size of the hydraulic model to be installed, wherein the size of the installation area is larger than that of the hydraulic model to be installed.

3. The hydraulic model installation method of claim 1, wherein the checking the projection view of the projector comprises:

selecting a regular hexahedron standard part with a standard body of 50cm, wherein scales are attached to the surface of the regular hexahedron standard part, and the regular hexahedron standard part can clearly bear a projected image;

and placing the hexahedral standard part at different preselected spatial positions in the installation area, starting the corresponding projector, and correcting the projector when the plane projection on the projector is not completely overlapped with the outline of the standard part.

4. The hydraulic model installation method of claim 3, wherein the correcting the projector comprises:

adjusting the focal length of the projection lens of the projector, and/or

And adjusting the installation angle of the projector.

5. The hydraulic model installation method of claim 1, wherein after transferring to the projector, the method further comprises:

and arranging a projection film on the surface of the hydraulic model to be installed, wherein a model contour identification line is arranged on the projection film.

6. The hydraulic model installation method according to claim 1, wherein the ensuring that the hydraulic model to be installed completely coincides with the corresponding projection profile comprises:

and ensuring that at least two asymmetric visual angle views can be projected onto the hydraulic model to be installed in the installation process of each part of the hydraulic model to be installed.

7. The hydraulic model installation method according to claim 1, wherein the checking of the installed model by using the overall view of the hydraulic model to be installed comprises:

and sequentially opening the projectors of the front, rear, left, right and top views, closing other projectors, observing whether the corresponding views are overlapped with the installed model, and fixing the installed model if the corresponding views are overlapped.

8. A hydraulic model mounting apparatus, comprising:

installing a base;

the projection bracket is arranged at different positions around the mounting base;

the projector is arranged on each projection bracket;

and the PC end is electrically connected with the projector.

9. The hydraulic model mounting device according to claim 8, further comprising a projection film disposed on the hydraulic model to be mounted, wherein the projection film is provided with a model contour recognition line.

10. The hydraulic model mounting device according to claim 8, further comprising a battery, wherein the projector and the PC terminal are electrically connected to the battery, respectively.

Background

In order to study various hydraulic problems of a hydraulic building, the operation conditions which may be encountered or may occur in the preview project usually need to be developed for hydraulic model tests, i.e. test studies under different situations are developed in scaled-down models.

Because the hydraulic model test is developed on the basis of a mature similar theory, the test result can better reflect the actual situation in the engineering, and the purposes of demonstrating and optimizing the engineering design are achieved. However, because the hydraulic model is reduced according to the similar criterion and the strictly calculated geometric scale coefficient, in the model installation, the tiny deviation is usually amplified by tens of times or even hundreds of times in the actual engineering, thereby ensuring the installation precision of the model to be the precondition for effectively developing the hydraulic model test.

At present, the general method and steps for installing the traditional hydraulic model are as follows:

(a) firstly, determining an installation base line according to a pre-calculated model range, and marking reference points and coordinate axes on the ground by using tools such as an ink fountain and the like;

(b) generally, the scale and the size of a hydraulic model are large, division, segmentation manufacturing and installation are needed, generally, installation control points are selected from all parts of the model according to the actual situation of the model, and the coordinate position (including a plane position and a relative elevation) of the hydraulic model relative to a reference coordinate axis is calculated;

(c) measuring and marking the plane position corresponding to each control point on the ground by using tools such as a measuring tape, a steel ruler and the like according to the existing reference coordinate axis and the calculated coordinate position on the ground;

(d) the model is installed according to the selected starting point, and when each part is installed, the auxiliary observation is generally carried out manually by using tools such as a plumb bob and the like, so that the control point on the model is overlapped with the mark of the ground control point, and after the plane position of the model is ensured to be accurate, the model is initially fixed;

(e) then, adjusting the height of the model by using tools such as a level gauge, a leveling rod and the like, and reinforcing the part of the model after ensuring that the relative elevation of each control point of the model is accurate;

(f) according to a pre-designed installation sequence, after the previous-stage model is installed, installing the next-stage model according to the phase synchronization steps until the model is installed;

(g) the model is checked by tools such as a level gauge, a leveling rod, a plumb bob and the like again, the whole assembly of the model is preliminarily completed, and part of control points selected during installation are often positioned in the whole model, so that the checking of all the control points in the model again is often impossible, and the measurement of the relative distance and the relative elevation between the control points of the first-stage model and the control points of the last-stage model is often adopted in practice at the moment to be compared with a design calculation value. If the models are matched, the installation is finished, if the models are not matched, further segmentation checking needs to be considered, errors are found, and the reinstallation model is considered.

It can be seen from the above installation method that the installation of the traditional hydraulic model is more complicated. In order to meet the precision requirement, measuring tools such as a tape measure, a plumb bob, a level gauge and the like are usually adopted for repeated measurement, so that the time and the labor are wasted, the efficiency is low, and the installation precision is difficult to guarantee for a hydraulic model with a complex structure and a large scale. Specifically, on one hand, in the combined use process of the traditional measuring tape, the traditional plumb ball, the traditional leveling rod and other tools, the influence of subjective operation of operators is large, and the precision is limited; meanwhile, different measuring tools are difficult to use simultaneously in the installation process, so that the horizontal position and the relative elevation of each part of the model are difficult to calibrate and fix simultaneously, and deviation is easy to cause again in the repeated adjustment process. On the other hand, large-scale hydraulic model sectional installation also easily leads to the accumulation of installation deviation, and the installation precision in the model can not be ensured by checking the positions of the head and tail control points.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hydraulic model mounting apparatus and method for solving the problem of large mounting error of the existing hydraulic model.

The invention provides a hydraulic model installation method, which comprises the following steps:

setting projection brackets in different directions of the boundary of the installation area according to the size of the hydraulic model to be installed;

fixing a projector on each projection bracket, and recording the spatial position of a projection lens of each projector;

checking a projection view of the projector;

establishing a front view, a rear view, a left view, a right view and a top view of the hydraulic model to be installed in an installation area at the PC end, and transmitting the front view, the rear view, the left view, the right view and the top view to a projector;

opening a corresponding projector, projecting the view of the hydraulic model to be installed onto the installation area, then installing the corresponding hydraulic model to be installed onto the installation area according to the view projection, and simultaneously ensuring that the hydraulic model to be installed is completely overlapped with the corresponding projection profile;

and checking the installed model by using the overall view of the hydraulic model to be installed.

In one embodiment, the method comprises the following steps according to the size of the hydraulic model to be installed: and determining the size of an installation area according to the size of the hydraulic model to be installed, wherein the size of the installation area is larger than that of the hydraulic model to be installed.

In one embodiment, the checking the projection view of the projector includes: selecting a regular hexahedron standard part with a standard body of 50cm, wherein scales are attached to the surface of the regular hexahedron standard part, and the regular hexahedron standard part can clearly bear a projected image;

and placing the hexahedral standard part at different preselected spatial positions in the installation area, starting the corresponding projector, and correcting the projector when the plane projection on the projector is not completely overlapped with the outline of the standard part.

In one embodiment, the modifying the projector includes: adjusting the focal length of a projection lens of the projector, and/or adjusting the installation angle of the projector.

In one embodiment, after the transmitting to the projector, the method further comprises: and arranging a projection film on the surface of the hydraulic model to be installed, wherein a model contour identification line is arranged on the projection film.

In one embodiment, the ensuring that the hydraulic model to be installed completely coincides with the corresponding projection profile includes:

and ensuring that at least two asymmetric visual angle views can be projected onto the hydraulic model to be installed in the installation process of each part of the hydraulic model to be installed.

In one embodiment, the checking the installed model by using the overall view of the hydraulic model to be installed includes:

and sequentially opening the projectors of the front, rear, left, right and top views, closing other projectors, observing whether the corresponding views are overlapped with the installed model, and fixing the installed model if the corresponding views are overlapped.

The invention also provides a hydraulic model installation device, which comprises:

installing a base;

the projection bracket is arranged at different positions around the mounting base;

the projector is arranged on each projection bracket;

and the PC end is electrically connected with the projector.

In one embodiment, the hydraulic model installation device further comprises a projection film arranged on the hydraulic model to be installed, and a model contour identification line is arranged on the projection film.

In one embodiment, the projector and the PC terminal are respectively electrically connected with the storage battery.

The beneficial effects of the invention include:

the hydraulic model installation method provided by the invention is based on the projection technology, avoids the combined use of traditional tools such as a tape measure, a plumb ball and a leveling rod in model installation, greatly reduces the subjective operation influence of operators, the deviation caused by repeated adjustment during installation and the accumulated deviation generated during sectional installation, can realize accurate and rapid installation, and effectively solves the problems of low installation efficiency, large error, time and labor waste of the traditional hydraulic model.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a hydraulic model installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hydraulic model installation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a projection film according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

In order to study various hydraulic problems of a hydraulic building, the operation conditions which may be encountered or may occur in the preview project usually need to be developed for hydraulic model tests, i.e. test studies under different situations are developed in scaled-down models. Because the hydraulic model test is developed on the basis of a mature similar theory, the test result can better reflect the actual situation in the engineering, and the purposes of demonstrating and optimizing the engineering design are achieved. However, because the hydraulic model is reduced according to the similar criterion and the strictly calculated geometric scale coefficient, in the model installation, the tiny deviation is usually amplified by tens of times or even hundreds of times in the actual engineering, thereby ensuring the installation precision of the model to be the precondition for effectively developing the hydraulic model test.

At present, the general method and steps for installing the traditional hydraulic model are as follows: firstly, determining an installation base line according to a pre-calculated model range, and marking reference points and coordinate axes on the ground by using tools such as an ink fountain and the like; generally, the scale and the size of a hydraulic model are large, division, segmentation manufacturing and installation are needed, generally, installation control points are selected from all parts of the model according to the actual situation of the model, and the coordinate position (including a plane position and a relative elevation) of the hydraulic model relative to a reference coordinate axis is calculated; measuring and marking the plane position corresponding to each control point on the ground by using tools such as a measuring tape, a steel ruler and the like according to the existing reference coordinate axis and the calculated coordinate position on the ground; the model is installed according to the selected starting point, and when each part is installed, the auxiliary observation is generally carried out manually by using tools such as a plumb bob and the like, so that the control point on the model is overlapped with the mark of the ground control point, and after the plane position of the model is ensured to be accurate, the model is initially fixed; then, adjusting the height of the model by using tools such as a level gauge, a leveling rod and the like, and reinforcing the part of the model after ensuring that the relative elevation of each control point of the model is accurate; according to a pre-designed installation sequence, after the previous-stage model is installed, installing the next-stage model according to the phase synchronization steps until the model is installed; the model is checked by tools such as a level gauge, a leveling rod, a plumb bob and the like again, the whole assembly of the model is preliminarily completed, and part of control points selected during installation are often positioned in the whole model, so that the checking of all the control points in the model again is often impossible, and the measurement of the relative distance and the relative elevation between the control points of the first-stage model and the control points of the last-stage model is often adopted in practice at the moment to be compared with a design calculation value. If the models are matched, the installation is finished, if the models are not matched, further segmentation checking needs to be considered, errors are found, and the reinstallation model is considered.

It can be seen from the above installation method that the installation of the traditional hydraulic model is more complicated. In order to meet the precision requirement, measuring tools such as a tape measure, a plumb bob, a level gauge and the like are usually adopted for repeated measurement, so that the time and the labor are wasted, the efficiency is low, and the installation precision is difficult to guarantee for a hydraulic model with a complex structure and a large scale. Specifically, on one hand, in the combined use process of the traditional measuring tape, the traditional plumb ball, the traditional leveling rod and other tools, the influence of subjective operation of operators is large, and the precision is limited; meanwhile, different measuring tools are difficult to use simultaneously in the installation process, so that the horizontal position and the relative elevation of each part of the model are difficult to calibrate and fix simultaneously, and deviation is easy to cause again in the repeated adjustment process. On the other hand, large-scale hydraulic model sectional installation also easily leads to the accumulation of installation deviation, and the installation precision in the model can not be ensured by checking the positions of the head and tail control points.

In order to solve the above problem, as shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic model installation method is provided, including:

step 110: setting projection brackets in different directions of the boundary of the installation area according to the size of the hydraulic model to be installed;

step 120: fixing a projector on each projection bracket, and recording the spatial position of a projection lens of each projector;

step 130: checking a projection view of the projector;

step 140: establishing a front view, a rear view, a left view, a right view and a top view of the hydraulic model to be installed in an installation area at the PC end, and transmitting the front view, the rear view, the left view, the right view and the top view to a projector;

step 150: opening a corresponding projector, projecting the view of the hydraulic model to be installed onto the installation area, then installing the corresponding hydraulic model to be installed onto the installation area according to the view projection, and simultaneously ensuring that the hydraulic model to be installed is completely overlapped with the corresponding projection profile;

step 160: and checking the installed model by using the overall view of the hydraulic model to be installed.

Specifically, the mounting area is first determined: according to the scale of an engineering prototype, the problem of experimental research is considered to be the conventional hydraulic problem, so the model design selects the Flode number similarity criterion, and a geometric scale is drawn as 1: 20, calculating the integral scale of the physical model to be within the range of 5.0m multiplied by 3.5m, and accordingly determining the installation area to be the regular range of 7.0m multiplied by 6.0 m;

then, mounting a projection bracket and a projector: and (3) setting five projection supports at the front, the back, the left, the right and the top of the determined installation area, and setting the projector and the projection supports to be fixedly connected by considering that the size of the model is not large. The projector installation position reserved on the bracket is right opposite to the whole projection plane and is positioned close to the middle part. And mounting the projector at the corresponding position and primarily fixing the projector, wherein the projector is just opposite to the projection area, and the respective projection area can cover the actual position of the whole model installation as a target. When the projector is installed, the spatial position of the projection lens of each projector is recorded so as to calculate and design a model projection view;

before formally starting projection installation, calibrating a projection size and checking projection precision: the projection accuracy is calibrated and checked by using a pre-prepared standard body and a corresponding projection view. The standard body is a 50cm cubic regular hexahedron standard component, scales are attached to the surface of the standard body, and projected images can be clearly received. And placing the hexahedral standard component at different preselected spatial positions in the installation area, and comparing and calibrating the hexahedral standard component with the corresponding projection views. In contrast ratio determination, for a projection from a certain viewing angle, two cases may occur:

1) the plane projection of the view angle is not completely overlapped with the outline of the standard part, and the projection equipment needs to be corrected under the condition of eliminating the design error of the projection view of the standard part. There may be cases where: (a) the size of the projection view does not correspond to the standard (the projection view is smaller or larger than the standard size), which indicates that the projection size has a problem. For the current common projection equipment, the size of a projection view is corrected by adjusting the focal length of a projection lens until the projection view is completely overlapped; (b) the projection view deviates from the standard, which shows that the projection angle has a problem. The angle at which the projector is mounted should be considered for correction to ensure that it is directly opposite the projection plane until it is completely coincident.

2) The plane projection of each visual angle is completely coincided with the outline of the standard part, the projection is proved to be accurate, the precision meets the requirement, and after the calibration of different visual angles and different positions is finished without errors, the projector is reinforced, and the calibration of the projection equipment are finished;

according to the requirements of model processing, calculating and creating projection views: it is usually broken down into multiple parts. Aiming at the whole model and each part, respectively according to the designed model size and space position, a front view, a rear view, a left view, a right view and a top view of the model are contained in a PC end creation installation area and are transmitted to a projector;

in the research, in order to facilitate the observation of the flow state of water flow in the water delivery tunnel, the physical model is made of transparent organic glass. Therefore, before the model is installed, a projection film is attached to the surface and the main section of the model, and the projection film is provided with obvious model contour identification lines so as to clearly receive a projection image. After the model is installed and checked, removing the model;

for the model, according to the structural characteristics of each part, the pressure regulating well part in the middle of the whole model has the largest size and is connected with the water inlet and outlet tunnel more complexly, so the model is firstly installed.

When the surge tank model is taken as a starting point to start installation, the top and front side projectors are opened firstly, the top view and the front view of the surge tank model are projected, the surge tank model is preliminarily arranged at an approximate position, and the corresponding model surface is used for bearing the projection view. And continuously adjusting the position of the model until the boundary of the model is completely overlapped with the corresponding projection outline, and initially fixing the model.

For the starting point structure, model checking should be immediately performed, i.e. the top and front projectors are turned off, the other projectors are turned on, and whether the projection profile is matched with the corresponding model boundary is compared. If the model position is not matched with the model position, continuing to correct the model position; if the pressure regulating well model is matched with the model, the pressure regulating well model is correctly installed, and the model is fixed.

After the self-surge-well model is installed, the models are sequentially installed upstream and downstream respectively, and the operation process is basically the same as the process until all the models are installed.

And checking the installed model by using the overall view of the model. And sequentially starting the projectors of the front, rear, left, right and top views, closing other projectors, observing whether the views are overlapped with the installed model, checking in a segmented manner if the views are not overlapped, searching for errors and considering to correct the installed model, finely fixing the model if the views are completely overlapped, and completing installation work.

By adopting the technical scheme, the whole method is based on the projection technology, the combined use of tools such as a traditional tape measure, a plumb ball and a leveling rod is avoided in model installation, the subjective operation influence of operators is greatly reduced, the deviation caused by repeated adjustment during installation is greatly reduced, and the accumulated deviation generated during sectional installation is reduced, so that accurate and quick installation can be realized, and the problems of low installation efficiency, large error, time and labor consumption of the traditional hydraulic model are effectively solved.

As shown in fig. 2, the present invention also provides a hydraulic model mounting apparatus, including: installation base 1, projection support 2, projecting apparatus 3 and PC end 5, wherein, installation base 1 all is provided with projection support 2 in different position all around, all is provided with projecting apparatus 3 on every projection support 2, and PC end 5 is connected with projecting apparatus 3 electricity.

Specifically, whole installation base is the free installation space that ground is level and smooth, the space does not have the sheltering from, and the projection support selects the tetrahedron steel frame construction who makes things convenient for the dismouting, supports in ground, sets up in the front of installation base, back, left and right, upper portion totally five directions. The projector is selected as the existing mature laser projection based on the principle of DLP reflection, has the advantages of good stability of a projection light source and higher intensity, and belongs to short-focus projection, and can realize short-distance large-range imaging. And under the conditions that the overall size of the model is not large and the projection range is enough, the projectors are fixedly connected with the projection bracket, and all the projectors are ensured to be over against the projection area during installation. All installed the WIFI module on all projectors, connected with the PC end through wireless transmission's mode.

The working principle is as follows: mounting a base according to a pre-designed model, and mounting projection devices around the base in different directions; before installation, each view angle plane view corresponding to each section of the model on the installation base is designed and manufactured in advance, and the created view angles in each direction are projected to the installation base by utilizing a projection technology; as shown in fig. 4, before the model is installed, a projection film 6 is attached to the surface and the main cross section of the model, and a distinct model contour identification line 7 is arranged on the projection film 6 to clearly support the projection image, as shown in fig. 3, after the installed model 401 is installed, the model itself supports the projection image of the part of the model on each projection surface, and the spatial position of the model is continuously adjusted until the whole contour of the model projection completely coincides with the model boundary, so that the part of the model is fixed; then, according to a predetermined sequence, the installation of the model 402 being installed is completed, and the model 403 not being installed is further installed. And after the whole model is installed, opening the whole model projection, carefully observing whether the whole boundary of the model is completely overlapped with the projection outlines in all directions, and after checking that no error exists, finishing the whole model installation.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.