1. A lifting, aligning and releasing system for a microgravity tower falling experiment comprises a tower falling well (1), a falling cabin (2) and a lifting, aligning and releasing system; the method is characterized in that:

the lifting, aligning and releasing system comprises a guide rail assembly (4), a lifting platform assembly (5), an electromagnet assembly (6) and a landing suspension assembly (7); the guide rail assembly (4) is used for providing longitudinal and transverse movement for the lifting, aligning and releasing system; the lifting platform assembly (5) is arranged on the guide rail assembly (4) and is used for parking the falling cabin (2); the electromagnet assembly (6) is arranged on the lifting platform assembly (5), adsorbs the falling cabin (2) through electromagnetic action, and calibrates the posture of the falling cabin (2); the falling cabin suspension assembly (7) is arranged on the electromagnet assembly (6) and is used for lifting and lowering the falling cabin (2); lifting the falling cabin (2) from the falling tower well (1) through a lifting, aligning and releasing system, correcting the posture of the falling cabin (2) and preparing for a re-releasing test of the falling cabin (2);

the tower falling well (1) is of a vertical shaft structure, the inner size of the tower falling well (1) is larger than the outer size of the falling cabin (2), and a vertical channel is provided for the microgravity test of the falling cabin (2);

the falling cabin (2) comprises a cabin body (20), an electromagnet sucker (21), an alignment mark rod (22) and a lifting lug (23); the head of the cabin body (20) is of a conical structure, and the whole cabin body is of a conical structure; the electromagnet sucker (21), the alignment marker posts (22) and the lifting lugs (23) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cabin body (20), and the alignment marker posts (22) and the lifting lugs (23) are distributed on the periphery of the electromagnet sucker (21); the alignment marker post (22) is of a rod-shaped structure;

the guide rail assembly (4) comprises a guide rail support, a guide rail and a sliding block, and longitudinal and transverse rails are arranged in the horizontal direction; the guide rail is arranged on the guide rail support, the sliding block is arranged on the guide rail, and the sliding block can move on the guide rail;

the lifting platform assembly (5) is arranged on the guide rail assembly (4), and the guide rail assembly (4) in the horizontal direction provides longitudinal and transverse movement capability for the lifting platform assembly (5);

the lifting platform assembly (5) comprises a lifter (50), a bearing turntable (51), a falling cabin supporting plate (52), a falling cabin supporting frame (53), a falling cabin limiting guide rail (54), a falling cabin limiting sliding block (55) and a falling cabin limiting plate (56); the elevator (50) comprises a base (500), an elevating arm (501), an upper platform (502) and a hydraulic system (503); wherein the lifter (50) is fixed on the transverse guide rail sliding block (45) through the base (500) to move on the transverse guide rail (44); the lifting arm (501) is a hinged lifting mechanism and is connected between two planes of the base (500) and the upper platform (502), and the lifter (50) realizes the adjustment of the longitudinal height through the lifting arm (501); the lifting arm (501) is controlled to lift by a hydraulic system (503); the cabin falling support plate (52) is fixedly connected to the bearing turntable (51) and serves as a temporary landing platform of the cabin body (20); a vertical cabin falling support frame (53) is arranged on the cabin falling support plate (52) and forms a frame structure together with a cabin falling limiting guide rail (54); the falling cabin limiting slide block (55) is arranged between the falling cabin limiting guide rail (54) and the falling cabin limiting plate (56) and provides longitudinal movement for the falling cabin limiting plate (56); the falling cabin limiting plate (56) consists of two semicircular hollow plates, and the lower part of the falling cabin limiting plate is arranged on a falling cabin limiting sliding block (55) to realize the clamping effect on the falling cabin (2);

the electromagnet assembly (6) comprises an electromagnet fixing frame (60), an electromagnet guide rail support (61), an electromagnet guide rail (62), an electromagnet guide rail sliding block (63), an electromagnet fixing plate (64) and an electromagnet (65); the electromagnet fixing frame (60) is of a frame structure and provides a longitudinal supporting function for the electromagnet assembly (6) and the falling cabin suspension assembly (7); the electromagnet fixing plate (64) is connected with the electromagnet guide rail (62) through an electromagnet guide rail sliding block (63); an electromagnet (65) is arranged at the lower part of the electromagnet fixing plate (64); a plurality of alignment small holes (640) are formed in the electromagnet fixing plate (64), the horizontal distribution of the alignment small holes (640) is the same as that of the alignment mark posts (22), and the alignment mark posts (22) can penetrate through the alignment small holes (640) longitudinally; when the alignment marker post (22) passes through the alignment small hole (640), the electromagnet (65) is electrified, so that the electromagnet (65) is in electromagnetic adsorption connection with the electromagnet sucker (21) of the drop cabin (2);

the falling cabin suspension assembly (7) is used for vertically lifting and descending the falling cabin (2); the falling cabin suspension assembly (7) comprises a crane support (70), a crane (71), a main suspension cable (72) and branch suspension cables (73); the crane support (70) is arranged on the electromagnet fixing frame (60); the crane (71) is arranged on the crane support (70); one end of the main sling (72) is connected with the body of the crane (71), and the other end is connected with the branch sling (73); the branch suspension cable (73) is connected with the lifting lug (23), and the lifting and the descending of the falling cabin (2) are realized through the rotation of the crane (71).

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises:

the cabin body (20) is lifted upwards to a certain height through the cabin falling suspension assembly (7), and the lifting platform assembly (5) moves to the position right below the cabin body (20) through the guide rail assembly (4); the cabin body (20) is lowered down by the cabin falling suspension assembly (7) so that the cabin falling assembly (2) can land and park on the lifting platform assembly (5); the parked dropping cabin (2) is clamped and fixed through the dropping cabin limiting plate (56), so that the dropping cabin (2) is kept stable in the moving process; adjusting the space position of the falling cabin (2) through the bearing turntable (51) and the guide rail assembly (4) to enable the alignment marker post (22) to be aligned with the alignment small hole (640); the lifting platform assembly (5) is further lifted, the alignment marker post (22) penetrates through the alignment small hole (640), then the electromagnet (65) is electrified, and the electromagnet (65) is connected with the falling cabin (2) in an adsorption manner; and finally, the electromagnet (65) is driven by an electromagnet guide rail (62) in the electromagnet assembly (6) to move together with the falling cabin (2) to a position right above the mouth of the tower falling well (1), so that the lifting, aligning and releasing preparation work of the microgravity tower falling experiment is completed quickly and efficiently.

3. The lifting, aligning and releasing system for microgravity drop tower experiment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the repeated operation process is as follows:

a) manually judging whether the bottom height of the falling cabin (2) is greater than a preset height of the top of the lifting platform assembly (5), and starting the falling cabin suspension assembly (7) to lift the falling cabin to the preset height when the falling cabin (2) does not reach the preset height; b) when the falling cabin (2) moves to a preset height, the lifting platform assembly (5) is started, the lifting platform is driven to move to a preset position, the falling cabin (2) is longitudinally overlapped with the central line of the lifting platform assembly (5), and then the falling cabin (2) is parked on the lifting platform assembly (5); c) lifting a sling (73) on the falling cabin, starting an electromagnet assembly (6), driving an electromagnet guide rail sliding block (63) to enable an electromagnet (65) to move to a preset position, aligning an alignment mark rod (22) with an alignment small hole (640), and finishing the alignment action of the falling cabin (2) and the electromagnet (65); d) starting the lifting platform assembly (5) to drive the falling cabin (2) to vertically move upwards until the electromagnet sucker (21) on the falling cabin is attached to the electromagnet (65); e) the electromagnet (65) is electrified to drive the electromagnet (65) to suck the falling cabin; f) starting the lifting platform assembly (5), driving the lifting platform assembly (5) to descend and move to recover to an initial position, and thus completing the preparation work of the experiment; g) starting a release instruction of the falling cabin (2) according to the experiment requirement, thereby closing the power supply of the electromagnet (65) and instantly finishing the release action of the falling cabin (2);

thus, the falling cabin suspension assembly (7) is started again, the falling cabin is lifted to a preset height, and the process is repeated.

Background

The microgravity tower falling experiment is an effective foundation experiment means for developing microgravity environment experiment research, and is used for developing manned spaceflight and establishingSpace stations and development and utilization of outer space play a critical role. The main principle is that the falling cabin (experiment implementation platform) is utilized to carry out free falling body movement in a falling tower or a falling well so as to obtain the corresponding microgravity level (10)^-5～10^-6g and g are gravity acceleration), so that microgravity experimental researches such as fluid physics, nonmetal material combustion, liquid management and the like are realized, and a convenient and efficient experimental means is provided for the load carrying experiment of the aerospace craft and the pre-research and development of the fire prevention technology of the aerospace craft.

The lifting and releasing technical links of the falling cabin in the microgravity falling tower experiment influence the experiment precision, the experiment repeatability level and the experiment efficiency to a great extent. After the falling cabin completes one free falling body microgravity experiment, the experiment system is required to be capable of rapidly lifting the falling cabin and completing the corresponding preparation work of the next experiment, and meanwhile, the falling cabin is guaranteed to be capable of rapidly entering the initial static release state of the free falling body after being lifted. In addition, the releasing time required in the releasing link of the falling cabin can be accurately controlled, and the interference of the releasing process to the cabin body is as small as possible. Although the existing microgravity tower falling experiment has the advantages of high microgravity level, good repeatability, short test period and the like, the integration degree of key technical links such as suspension, lifting and release of a falling cabin is still deficient, so that the times of experiments which can be carried out every day are relatively very limited (for example, a hundred meters tower falling in a national microgravity laboratory can only carry out two microgravity tower falling experiments every day), the scientific research and the commercial efficiency of the microgravity experiment are directly influenced, and the aspects of experimental preparation such as suspension, lifting and release and the like and experimental implementation efficiency of the falling cabin of the existing microgravity tower falling experiment need to be broken through and improved in a summary manner.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a lifting, aligning and releasing system of microgravity tower falling experiment, whole mechanism installs in the tower top that falls or fall on the ground at wellhead place, carries out tower falling and promotes, aligns, releases, improves hanging in midair, promotion and the release efficiency of microgravity tower falling experiment cabin that falls to accelerate the preparation process of experiment and improve the repeatability level of experiment, and then increase the experiment number of times in equivalent time, and finally improve scientific research and the commercial efficiency of experiment.

The technical scheme is as follows:

a lifting, aligning and releasing system for a microgravity tower falling experiment comprises a tower falling well 1, a falling cabin 2 and a lifting, aligning and releasing system. The lifting, alignment and release system includes a guide rail assembly 4, a lift table assembly 5, an electromagnet assembly 6 and a landing suspension assembly 7. The guide rail assembly 4 is used to provide longitudinal and lateral movement for the lifting, aligning and releasing system; the lifting platform assembly 5 is arranged on the guide rail assembly 4 and is used for parking the falling cabin 2; the electromagnet assembly 6 is arranged on the lifting platform assembly 5, adsorbs the falling cabin 2 through electromagnetic action, and calibrates the posture of the falling cabin 2; the landing suspension assembly 7 is arranged on the electromagnet assembly 6 for lifting and lowering the landing 2. The landing bay 2 is lifted from the drop shaft 1 by a lifting, aligning and releasing system and the attitude of the landing bay 2 is corrected in preparation for a re-release test of the landing bay 2.

The tower falling well 1 is of a vertical shaft structure, the internal size of the tower falling well 1 is larger than the external size of the falling cabin 2, and a vertical channel is provided for the microgravity test of the falling cabin 2.

The falling cabin 2 comprises a cabin body 20, an electromagnet suction cup 21, an alignment mark rod 22 and a lifting lug 23. The head of the cabin body 20 is of a conical structure, and the whole cabin body is of a conical structure. The electromagnet suction cup 21, the plurality of alignment targets 22 and the lifting lugs 23 are all fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cabin body 20, and the plurality of alignment targets 22 and the lifting lugs 23 are distributed on the periphery of the electromagnet suction cup 21. The alignment mark post 22 is a rod-like structure.

The guide rail assembly 4 comprises a guide rail support, a guide rail and a sliding block, and longitudinal and transverse rails are arranged in the horizontal direction. The guide rail is installed on the guide rail support, and the slider is installed on the guide rail, and the slider can move on the guide rail.

The lift platform assembly 5 is mounted above the rail assembly 4, and the rail assembly 4 provides the lift platform assembly 5 with longitudinal and lateral movement capabilities in the horizontal direction.

The lifting platform assembly 5 comprises a lifter 50, a bearing turntable 51, a cabin falling support plate 52, a cabin falling support frame 53, a cabin falling limit guide rail 54, a cabin falling limit slider 55 and a cabin falling limit plate 56. The elevator 50 comprises a base 500, an elevating arm 501, an upper platform 502 and a hydraulic system 503; wherein the lifter 50 is fixed to the cross rail slider 45 through the base 500 to move on the cross rail 44; the lifting arm 501 is a hinged lifting mechanism, and is connected between two planes, namely the base 500 and the upper platform 502, and the lifter 50 realizes the adjustment of the longitudinal height through the lifting arm 501; the lifting arm 501 is controlled by a hydraulic system 503 to lift. The cabin falling support plate 52 is fixedly connected on the bearing turntable 51 and serves as a temporary landing platform for the cabin body 20; the falling cabin supporting plate 52 is provided with a vertical falling cabin supporting frame 53 which forms a frame structure together with a falling cabin limiting guide rail 54; the falling cabin limiting slide block 55 is arranged between the falling cabin limiting guide rail 54 and the falling cabin limiting plate 56 and provides longitudinal movement for the falling cabin limiting plate 56; the falling cabin limiting plate 56 is composed of two semicircular hollow plates, and the lower portion of the falling cabin limiting plate is arranged on the falling cabin limiting slide block 55 to clamp the falling cabin 2.

The electromagnet assembly 6 comprises an electromagnet fixing frame 60, an electromagnet guide rail support 61, an electromagnet guide rail 62, an electromagnet guide rail slide block 63, an electromagnet fixing plate 64 and an electromagnet 65. The electromagnet fixing frame 60 is of a frame structure and provides a longitudinal supporting function for the electromagnet assembly 6 and the falling cabin suspension assembly 7. The electromagnet fixing plate 64 is connected with the electromagnet guide rail 62 through an electromagnet guide rail sliding block 63; an electromagnet 65 is arranged at the lower part of the electromagnet fixing plate 64; and a plurality of alignment small holes 640 are arranged on the electromagnet fixing plate 64, and the horizontal distribution of the alignment small holes 640 is the same as that of the alignment mark posts 22, so that the alignment mark posts 22 can pass through the alignment small holes 640 in the longitudinal direction. When the alignment mark post 22 passes through the alignment small hole 640, the electromagnet 65 is energized, so that the electromagnet 65 is in electromagnetic adsorption connection with the electromagnet suction cup 21 of the drop chamber 2.

The landing bay suspension assembly 7 is used for vertical lifting and lowering of the landing bay 2. The drop cabin suspension assembly 7 comprises a crane support 70, a crane 71, a main sling 72 and a branch sling 73; the crane support 70 is arranged on the electromagnet fixing frame 60; the crane 71 is arranged on the crane support 70; one end of the main sling 72 is connected to the body of the crane 71 and the other end is connected to the sub-sling 73. The branch suspension cable 73 is connected with the lifting lug 23, and the lifting and the descending of the falling cabin 2 are realized through the rotation of the crane 71.

A lifting, aligning and releasing system for a microgravity tower falling experiment is disclosed, and the principle is as follows:

the cabin body 20 is lifted upwards to a certain height through the cabin falling suspension assembly 7, and the lifting platform assembly 5 moves to the position right below the cabin body 20 through the guide rail assembly 4; the capsule dropping suspension assembly 7 lowers the capsule body 20, so that the capsule dropping 2 is landed and parked on the lifting platform assembly 5; the parked dropping cabin 2 is clamped and fixed through the dropping cabin limiting plate 56, so that the dropping cabin 2 is kept stable in the moving process; adjusting the spatial position of the drop chamber 2 through the bearing turntable 51 and the guide rail assembly 4 so that the alignment marker post 22 is aligned with the alignment small hole 640; further, the lifting platform assembly 5 is lifted, the alignment mark rod 22 passes through the alignment small hole 640, then the electromagnet 65 is electrified, and the electromagnet 65 is connected with the falling cabin 2 in an adsorption mode. Finally, the electromagnet 65 is driven by the electromagnet guide rail 62 in the electromagnet assembly 6 to move together with the drop cabin 2 to a position right above the mouth of the tower-dropping well 1, so that the preparation work of lifting, aligning and releasing the microgravity tower-dropping experiment can be completed quickly and efficiently.

A lifting, aligning and releasing system for a microgravity tower-falling experiment operates as follows:

a) manually judging whether the bottom height of the falling cabin 2 is greater than the preset height of the top of the lifting platform assembly 5, and starting the falling cabin suspension assembly 7 to lift the falling cabin to the preset height when the falling cabin 2 does not reach the preset height; b) when the falling cabin 2 moves to a preset height, starting the lifting platform assembly 5, driving the lifting platform to move to a preset position, enabling the central lines of the lifting platform assembly 5 of the falling cabin 2 to coincide longitudinally, and then parking the falling cabin 2 onto the lifting platform assembly 5; c) lifting the sling 73 on the falling cabin, starting the electromagnet assembly 6, driving the electromagnet guide rail slide block 63 to enable the electromagnet 65 to move to a preset position, enabling the alignment mark rod 22 to be aligned with the alignment small hole 640, and finishing the alignment action of the falling cabin 2 and the electromagnet 65; d) starting the lifting platform assembly 5, and driving the falling cabin 2 to vertically move upwards until the electromagnet suction cup 21 on the falling cabin is attached to the electromagnet 65; e) the electromagnet 65 is electrified to drive the electromagnet 65 to suck the falling cabin; f) starting the lifting platform assembly 5, driving the lifting platform assembly 5 to descend and move to return to the initial position, and thus completing the preparation work of the experiment; g) and starting a releasing instruction of the falling cabin 2 according to the experimental requirement, thereby closing the power supply of the electromagnet 65 and instantly finishing the releasing action of the falling cabin 2. Thus, the falling cabin suspension assembly (7) is started again, the falling cabin is lifted to a preset height, and the process is repeated.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention provides a lifting, aligning and releasing system for a microgravity tower-falling experiment, which can quickly and efficiently complete the lifting and aligning work of the microgravity tower-falling experiment and further prepare for releasing a falling cabin, namely the next round of microgravity tower-falling experiment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an experimental mechanism;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rail assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the lift table assembly;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnet assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the drop suspension assembly and the drop;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of an application method of an experimental facility

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an application method of an experimental facility

Digital tag annotation:

1-tower falling well, 2-falling cabin, 20-cabin, 21-electromagnet sucker, 22-alignment marker post, 23-lifting lug, 3-ground where tower falling well mouth is located, 4-guide rail assembly, 40-longitudinal guide rail support, 41-longitudinal guide rail, 42-longitudinal guide rail slide block, 43-transverse guide rail support, 44-transverse guide rail, 45-transverse guide rail slide block, 5-lifting platform assembly, 50-lifter, 500-base, 501-lifting arm, 502-upper platform, 503-hydraulic system, 51-bearing turntable, 52-falling cabin support plate, 53-falling cabin support frame, 54-falling cabin limiting guide rail, 55-falling cabin limiting slide block, 56-falling cabin limiting plate, 6-electromagnet assembly, 60-electromagnet fixing frame, 61-electromagnet guide rail support, 62-electromagnet guide rail, 63-electromagnet guide rail slide block, 64-electromagnet fixing plate, 640-alignment small hole, 65-electromagnet, 7-a falling cabin suspension assembly, 70-a crane support, 71-a crane, 72-a main sling, 73-a branch sling.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a lifting, aligning and releasing system for a microgravity tower-falling experiment comprises a tower-falling well 1, a falling cabin 2 and a lifting, aligning and releasing system. The lifting, alignment and release system includes a guide rail assembly 4, a lift table assembly 5, an electromagnet assembly 6 and a landing suspension assembly 7. The guide rail assembly 4 is used to provide longitudinal and lateral movement for the lifting, aligning and releasing system; the lifting platform assembly 5 is arranged on the guide rail assembly 4 and is used for parking the falling cabin 2; the electromagnet assembly 6 is arranged on the lifting platform assembly 5, adsorbs the falling cabin 2 through electromagnetic action, and calibrates the posture of the falling cabin 2; the landing suspension assembly 7 is arranged on the electromagnet assembly 6 for lifting and lowering the landing 2. The landing 2 is lifted from the shaft 1 by means of a lifting, aligning and releasing system and the attitude of the landing 2 is corrected in preparation for a second release test of the landing 2. The specific scheme is as follows:

the tower falling well 1 is of a vertical shaft structure, the internal size of the tower falling well 1 is larger than the external size of the falling cabin 2, and a vertical channel is provided for the microgravity test of the falling cabin 2.

As shown in fig. 5, the drop chamber 2 includes a chamber body 20, an electromagnet suction cup 21, an alignment marker 22, and a lifting lug 23. The head of the cabin body 20 is of a conical structure, and the whole cabin body is of a conical structure, so that the air resistance is reduced and the microgravity level is increased in the process that the cabin body 20 falls rapidly. The electromagnet suction cup 21 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cabin body 20 and is used for being connected with the electromagnet assembly 6. The alignment targets 22 are arranged on the upper surface of the cabin 20, and are arranged on the periphery of the electromagnet suction cup 21 and have a rod-shaped structure. The lifting lugs 23 are arranged on the upper surface of the cabin body 20 and on the periphery of the electromagnet suction cups 21 and are used for hanging the sling when the cabin 2 is lifted by the cabin falling suspension assembly 7.

As shown in fig. 2, the guide rail assembly 4 includes a guide rail support, a guide rail, and a slide block, and a longitudinal and a transverse rail are arranged in the horizontal direction. The guide rail is arranged on the guide rail support, the sliding block is arranged on the guide rail, and the sliding block can move on the guide rail, for example, but not limited to specific application, the sliding block can move on the guide rail by selecting electromagnetic drive, motor drive and the like in the prior art; the lift platform assembly 5 is mounted above the rail assembly 4, and the rail assembly 4 provides the lift platform assembly 5 with longitudinal and lateral movement capabilities in the horizontal direction. The specific guide rail assembly 4 comprises a longitudinal guide rail support 40, a longitudinal guide rail 41, a longitudinal guide rail slide block 42, a transverse guide rail support 43, a transverse guide rail 44 and a transverse guide rail slide block 45; the longitudinal guide rail support 40 is arranged on the ground 3 where the tower well 1 is positioned; the longitudinal rail 41 is provided on the longitudinal rail mount 40, and the longitudinal rail slider 42 is provided on the longitudinal rail 41; similarly, the transverse guide rail support 43 is arranged on the longitudinal guide rail slide block 42; the cross rail 44 is provided on the cross rail mount 43; the transverse guide rail slide block 45 is arranged on the transverse guide rail 44; eventually, the free movement of the lifting platform assembly 5 in the horizontal direction is achieved.

As shown in fig. 3, the lifting platform assembly 5 includes a lifter 50, a bearing turntable 51, a landing support plate 52, a landing support frame 53, a landing limit rail 54, a landing limit slider 55 and a landing limit plate 56. In the longitudinal direction, the cage falling limiting plate 56, the cage falling limiting slide block 55, the cage falling limiting guide rail 54, the cage falling supporting frame 53, the cage falling supporting plate 52, the bearing turntable 51 and the lifter 50 are arranged from top to bottom in sequence. The specific structural form is as follows: the bearing turntable 51 is arranged on the lifter 50, and the falling cabin supporting plate 52 is arranged on the bearing turntable 51; the falling cabin supporting frame 53 is arranged on the falling cabin supporting plate 52; the falling cabin limiting guide rail 54 is arranged on the falling cabin supporting frame 53; the falling cabin limiting slide block 55 is arranged on the falling cabin limiting guide rail 54; the falling cabin limiting plate 56 is arranged on the falling cabin limiting slide block 55. The lifter 50 is arranged on the transverse guide rail slide block 45, and can vertically lift and descend the components arranged at the upper part of the lifter 50; further, the elevator 50 includes a base 500, an elevating arm 501, an upper platform 502, and a hydraulic system 503; wherein the lifter 50 is fixed to the cross rail slider 45 through the base 500 to move on the cross rail 44; the lifting arm 501 is a hinged lifting mechanism, and is connected between two planes, namely the base 500 and the upper platform 502, and the lifter 50 realizes the adjustment of the longitudinal height through the lifting arm 501; the lifting arm 501 is controlled by a hydraulic system 503 to lift. The lifter 50 is used to control the overall height; the bearing turntable 51 can rotate horizontally; the cabin falling support plate 52 is fixedly connected on the bearing turntable 51 and serves as a temporary landing platform for the cabin body 20; the falling cabin supporting plate 52 is provided with a vertical falling cabin supporting frame 53 which forms a frame structure together with a falling cabin limiting guide rail 54; the falling cabin limiting slide block 55 is arranged between the falling cabin limiting guide rail 54 and the falling cabin limiting plate 56 and provides longitudinal movement for the falling cabin limiting plate 56; the falling cabin limiting plate 56 is composed of two semicircular hollow plates, and the lower portion of the falling cabin limiting plate is arranged on the falling cabin limiting slide block 55 to clamp the falling cabin 2.

As shown in fig. 4, the electromagnet assembly 6 includes an electromagnet fixing frame 60, an electromagnet guide rail support 61, an electromagnet guide rail 62, an electromagnet guide rail slide block 63, an electromagnet fixing plate 64, and an electromagnet 65. The electromagnet fixing frame 60 is of a frame structure and provides a longitudinal supporting function for the electromagnet assembly 6 and the falling cabin suspension assembly 7. The electromagnet fixing frame 60 is arranged on the ground 3 where the tower well 1 is positioned; a horizontal transverse electromagnet guide rail support 61 is arranged at the upper part of the electromagnet fixing frame 60, and an electromagnet guide rail 62 is arranged on the electromagnet guide rail support 61; the electromagnet fixing plate 64 is connected with the electromagnet guide rail 62 through an electromagnet guide rail sliding block 63; an electromagnet 65 is arranged at the lower part of the electromagnet fixing plate 64; and a plurality of alignment small holes 640 are arranged on the electromagnet fixing plate 64, and the horizontal distribution of the alignment small holes 640 is the same as that of the alignment mark posts 22, so that the alignment mark posts 22 can pass through the alignment small holes 640 in the longitudinal direction. When the alignment mark post 22 passes through the alignment small hole 640, the electromagnet 65 is energized, so that the electromagnet 65 is in electromagnetic adsorption connection with the electromagnet suction cup 21 of the drop chamber 2.

As shown in fig. 5, the landing suspension assembly 7 is used for vertical lifting and lowering of the landing 2. The specific drop hatch suspension assembly 7 comprises a crane support 70, a crane 71, a main sling 72 and a branch sling 73; the crane support 70 is arranged on the electromagnet fixing frame 60; the crane 71 is arranged on the crane support 70; one end of the main sling 72 is connected to the body of the crane 71 and the other end is connected to the sub-sling 73. The branch suspension cable 73 is connected with the lifting lug 23, and the lifting and the descending of the falling cabin 2 are realized through the rotation of the crane 71.

A lifting, aligning and releasing system for a microgravity tower falling experiment is disclosed, and the principle is as follows:

the cabin body 20 is lifted upwards to a certain height through the cabin falling suspension assembly 7, and the lifting platform assembly 5 moves to the position right below the cabin body 20 through the guide rail assembly 4; lowering the capsule 20 by the capsule suspension assembly 7 so that the capsule 2 lands and parks on the lifting platform assembly 5; the parked dropping cabin 2 is clamped and fixed through the dropping cabin limiting plate 56, so that the dropping cabin 2 is kept stable in the subsequent moving process; the space position of the falling cabin 2 is adjusted through the bearing turntable 51 and the guide rail assembly 4, so that the alignment mark rod 22 is aligned with the alignment small hole 640, the lifting platform assembly 5 further ascends, the alignment mark rod 22 penetrates through the alignment small hole 640, the electromagnet 65 is electrified, and the electromagnet 65 is connected with the falling cabin 2 through the electromagnet suction cup 21 in an electromagnetic adsorption mode. Further, the electromagnet 65 is driven by the electromagnet guide rail 62 in the electromagnet assembly 6 to move together with the drop cabin 2 to a position right above the mouth of the tower-dropping well 1, so that the lifting, aligning and releasing preparation work of the microgravity tower-dropping experiment can be completed quickly and efficiently. Thus, the falling cabin suspension assembly (7) is started again, the falling cabin is lifted to a preset height, and the process is repeated.

As shown in fig. 6, a control flow of the lifting, aligning and releasing system of the microgravity tower-falling experiment is as follows:

a) manually judging whether the bottom height of the falling cabin 2 is greater than the preset height of the top of the lifting platform assembly 5, and starting the falling cabin suspension assembly 7 to lift the falling cabin to the preset height when the falling cabin 2 does not reach the preset height; b) when the falling cabin 2 moves to a preset height, the lifting platform assembly 5 is started, the lifting platform is driven to move to a preset position, the falling cabin 2 is longitudinally overlapped with the central line of the lifting platform assembly 5, and then the falling cabin 2 is parked on the lifting platform assembly 5; c) lifting the sling 73 on the falling cabin, starting the electromagnet assembly 6, driving the electromagnet guide rail slide block 63 to enable the electromagnet 65 to move to a preset position, enabling the alignment mark rod 22 to be aligned with the alignment small hole 640, and finishing the alignment action of the falling cabin 2 and the electromagnet 65; d) starting the lifting platform assembly 5, and driving the falling cabin 2 to vertically move upwards until the electromagnet suction cup 21 on the falling cabin is attached to the electromagnet 65; e) the electromagnet 65 is electrified to drive the electromagnet 65 to suck the falling cabin; f) starting the lifting platform assembly 5, driving the lifting platform assembly 5 to descend and move to return to the initial position, and thus completing the preparation work of the experiment; g) and starting a releasing instruction of the falling cabin 2 according to the experimental requirement, thereby closing the power supply of the electromagnet 65 and instantly finishing the releasing action of the falling cabin 2. Thus, the falling cabin suspension assembly (7) is started again, the falling cabin is lifted to a preset height, and the process is repeated.

As shown in fig. 7, the work flow diagram of the experimental facility includes the following 5 steps: firstly, as shown in fig. 7(a), a lifting process of a falling cabin 2; secondly, as shown in fig. 7(b), the movement adjusting process of the lifting platform component 5; thirdly, as shown in fig. 7(c), the moving adjustment of the electromagnet 65 and the aligning and attracting process of the falling cabin 2; fourthly, as shown in fig. 7(d), the process of moving, adjusting and resetting the lifting platform assembly 5; the releasing and free falling process of the falling cabin 2 is shown in fig. 7 (e).

The innovation of the invention lies in the mechanism design and control flow design of the system, and the power supply system, the controller system, the sensor system, the motor and the driver thereof supporting the system to run together adopt the general technology, and are not the innovation.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that there may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.