1. A hazardous waste disposal device, comprising: comprises a crushing assembly for crushing the hazardous waste, a combustion furnace for calcining the hazardous waste and a purification assembly for purifying gas generated after the hazardous waste is calcined; the crushing assembly is connected with the combustion furnace, the purification assembly comprises a purification box and an air guide pipe, one end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the combustion furnace, and the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the purification box; and absorption liquid is arranged in the purification box.

2. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 1, wherein: the crushing assembly comprises a mounting frame and a feed hopper arranged on the mounting frame; two opposite grinding rollers are rotatably arranged in the mounting rack and are arranged below the feed hopper; the mounting bracket is equipped with and is used for the drive grind roller pivoted drive assembly, drive assembly with grind the roller transmission and be connected.

3. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 2, wherein: the outer side walls of the two grinding rollers are respectively provided with a plurality of grinding teeth, and the grinding teeth on the two grinding rollers are arranged in a staggered manner; the driving component is a driving motor, and the driving motor is arranged on the mounting rack; the grinding roller is arranged on a transmission shaft of the driving motor.

4. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 2, wherein: the mounting frame is provided with a spiral conveyor, and the spiral conveyor is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole; the feed inlet is arranged below the grinding roller, and the discharge outlet is communicated with the combustion furnace.

5. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 4, wherein: the mounting frame is provided with a guide plate, the guide plate is obliquely arranged, and the guide plate is arranged below the grinding roller; the feed inlet is arranged at the lowest position of the guide plate.

6. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 2, wherein: be equipped with atomizer in the mounting bracket, atomizer locates grind the roller below.

7. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 1, wherein: and a leaching device is arranged between the crushing assembly and the combustion furnace and is respectively communicated with the crushing assembly and the combustion furnace.

8. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 7, wherein: a magnetic separation device is arranged between the leaching device and the combustion furnace, and the magnetic separation device is respectively communicated with the leaching device and the combustion furnace.

9. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 8, wherein: and a drying device is arranged between the magnetic separation device and the combustion furnace, and the drying device is respectively communicated with the magnetic separation device and the combustion furnace.

10. The hazardous waste disposal device of claim 1, wherein: the furnace is an electric arc furnace.

Background

With the development of industry, the discharge of dangerous waste in industrial production process is increasing. It is estimated that the worldwide annual production of hazardous waste is 3.3 million tons. The public is very sensitive to hazardous waste problems due to the serious pollution and potentially serious effects that hazardous waste carries. The cross-border transfer of hazardous wastes has become one of serious global environmental problems, and if no measures are taken for control, serious harm is caused to the global environment.

Hazards of hazardous waste include: (1) destroying the ecological environment. The dangerous waste which is randomly discharged and stored can pollute water and soil and reduce the environmental function level of the area under the long-term infiltration and diffusion action of rainwater and groundwater. (2) Affecting human health. Hazardous waste causes toxicity through ingestion, inhalation, skin absorption and eye contact, or causes dangerous events such as burning, explosion and the like; long-term hazards include long-term poisoning, carcinogenesis, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, etc. resulting from repeated exposure. (3) Restricting sustainable development. The pollution of atmosphere, water source, soil and the like caused by the non-treatment or non-standard treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes can become a bottleneck for restricting economic activities.

The common treatment methods for hazardous wastes are summarized as physical treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment, thermal treatment and solidification treatment.

1. Physical treatment: physical treatment is the process of changing the structure of solid waste by condensation or phase change into a form convenient for transportation, storage, utilization or disposal, including compaction, crushing, sorting, thickening, adsorption, extraction, etc.

2. Chemical treatment: chemical treatment is to destroy harmful components in solid waste by chemical methods so as to achieve harmlessness or convert the harmful components into a form suitable for further treatment and disposal. The aim is to change the chemical nature of the treatment substance, thereby reducing its hazard. This is a common pretreatment measure before the final disposal of hazardous waste, and the treatment equipment is conventional chemical equipment.

3. Biological treatment: the biological treatment is to decompose degradable organic matters in the solid waste by using microorganisms so as to achieve harmless or comprehensive utilization. The biological treatment method comprises aerobic treatment, anaerobic treatment and facultative anaerobic treatment. Compared with chemical treatment methods, biological treatment is generally cheaper economically and is widely used, but the treatment process takes long time and the treatment efficiency is not stable enough.

4. And (3) heat treatment: the heat treatment is to destroy and change the composition and structure of the solid waste at high temperature, and simultaneously achieve the purposes of volume reduction, harmlessness or comprehensive utilization. The method comprises incineration, pyrolysis, wet oxidation, roasting, sintering and the like. The waste with higher heat value or toxicity is subjected to harmless treatment by adopting an incineration treatment process, and incineration waste heat is recycled for comprehensive utilization and physicochemical treatment, and the waste of workers for bathing, living and the like, so that the treatment cost and the waste of energy are reduced.

5. Curing treatment: the solidification treatment is to fix or coat the waste by adopting a solidification substrate so as to reduce the harm to the environment, is a treatment process for safely transporting and disposing the waste, is mainly used for harmful waste and radioactive waste, and the volume of a solidified body is far larger than that of the original waste.

However, after the existing dangerous waste is subjected to heat treatment, a large amount of toxic and harmful gas is generated. Therefore the urgent need is to provide a hazardous waste processing apparatus, is convenient for handle hazardous waste, can purify the back to the poisonous and harmful gas that produces after the hazardous waste handles moreover and discharge, and then reduce the influence to the air after the hazardous waste handles.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a hazardous waste treatment device which is convenient for treating hazardous waste and can purify and discharge toxic and harmful gas generated after the hazardous waste treatment, thereby reducing the influence of the hazardous waste treatment on air.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:

the embodiment of the application provides a hazardous waste treatment device, which comprises a crushing assembly, a combustion furnace and a purification assembly, wherein the crushing assembly is used for crushing hazardous waste, the combustion furnace is used for calcining the hazardous waste, and the purification assembly is used for purifying gas generated after the hazardous waste is calcined; the crushing assembly is connected with the combustion furnace, the purification assembly comprises a purification box and an air guide pipe, one end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the combustion furnace, and the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the purification box; the purifying box is internally provided with absorption liquid.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the size reduction assembly includes a mounting frame and a hopper mounted to the mounting frame; two opposite grinding rollers are rotatably arranged in the mounting rack and are arranged below the feed hopper; the mounting frame is provided with a driving assembly for driving the grinding roller to rotate, and the driving assembly is in transmission connection with the grinding roller.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of grinding teeth are disposed on outer sidewalls of the two grinding rollers, and the grinding teeth on the two grinding rollers are staggered; the driving component is a driving motor, and the driving motor is arranged on the mounting rack; the grinding roller is arranged on the transmission shaft of the driving motor.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mounting frame is provided with a screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port; the feed inlet is arranged below the grinding roller, and the discharge outlet is communicated with the combustion furnace.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mounting frame is provided with a guide plate, the guide plate is disposed obliquely, and the guide plate is disposed below the grinding roller; the feed inlet is arranged at the lowest position of the guide plate.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, an atomizing nozzle is disposed in the mounting frame, and the atomizing nozzle is disposed below the grinding roller.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, a leaching device is disposed between the pulverization assembly and the combustion furnace, and the leaching device is respectively communicated with the pulverization assembly and the combustion furnace.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, a magnetic separation device is disposed between the leaching device and the combustion furnace, and the magnetic separation device is respectively communicated with the leaching device and the combustion furnace.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, a drying device is disposed between the magnetic separation device and the combustion furnace, and the drying device is respectively communicated with the magnetic separation device and the combustion furnace.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the furnace is an electric arc furnace.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

the embodiment of the invention provides a hazardous waste treatment device, which comprises a crushing assembly, a combustion furnace and a purification assembly, wherein the crushing assembly is used for crushing hazardous waste, the combustion furnace is used for calcining the hazardous waste, and the purification assembly is used for purifying gas generated after the hazardous waste is calcined; the crushing assembly is connected with the combustion furnace, the purification assembly comprises a purification box and an air guide pipe, one end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the combustion furnace, and the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the purification box; the purifying box is internally provided with absorption liquid.

During the in-service use, place hazardous waste in crushing unit, crushing unit smashes hazardous waste, is convenient for its burning. Then the hazardous waste after will smashing lets in the burning furnace and burns, can contain a large amount of poisonous and harmful components in the gas that produces after the burning, let in these gases that contain poisonous and harmful components in the purifying box through the air duct and mix with the absorption liquid, so the absorption liquid absorbs poisonous and harmful components, purify gas, so be convenient for handle hazardous waste, and can purify the back emission to the poisonous and harmful gas that produces after the hazardous waste handles, and then reduce the influence to the air after the hazardous waste handles.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hazardous waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an abrasive roll according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a grinding roll position provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a sectional view of a screw conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 1-a combustion furnace; 2-a purifying box; 3-gas guide tube; 4-a mounting frame; 5-a feed hopper; 6-grinding roller; 7-grinding teeth; 8-a screw conveyor; 9-driving a motor; 10-a feed inlet; 11-a discharge hole; 12-an atomizer; 13-a guide plate; 14-a leaching unit; 15-a magnetic separation device; 16-drying device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, the orientations or positional relationships are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but the terms do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but may be slightly inclined. Such as "horizontal" simply means that its orientation is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" represents at least 2.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hazardous waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an abrasive roll 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the position of the grinding roller 6 according to the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a sectional view of the screw conveyor 8 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The present embodiment provides a hazardous waste treatment apparatus, comprising a pulverizing unit for pulverizing hazardous waste, a combustion furnace 1 for calcining hazardous waste, and a cleaning unit for cleaning gas generated after calcining hazardous waste; the crushing assembly is connected with the combustion furnace 1, the purification assembly comprises a purification box 2 and an air guide pipe 3, one end of the air guide pipe 3 is communicated with the combustion furnace 1, and the other end of the air guide pipe 3 is communicated with the purification box 2; the purifying box 2 is internally provided with absorption liquid.

During the in-service use, place hazardous waste in crushing unit, crushing unit smashes hazardous waste, is convenient for its burning. Then let in burning furnace 1 in burning with the hazardous waste after smashing and burn, can contain a large amount of poisonous and harmful components in the gas that produces after the burning, let in purifying box 2 and mix with the absorption liquid through air duct 3 with these gases that contain poisonous and harmful components, so the absorption liquid absorbs poisonous and harmful components, purify gas, so be convenient for handle hazardous waste, and can discharge after purifying the poisonous and harmful gas that produces after handling hazardous waste, and then reduce the influence to the air after the hazardous waste handles.

Alternatively, the absorption liquid of the present embodiment may use a sodium hydroxide solution or the like for absorbing an acid gas such as sulfur dioxide.

As shown in fig. 1-4, in some embodiments of the present invention, the size reduction assembly includes a mounting frame 4 and a hopper 5 provided to the mounting frame 4; two opposite grinding rollers 6 are rotatably arranged in the mounting rack 4, and the two grinding rollers 6 are arranged below the feed hopper 5; the mounting frame 4 is provided with a driving assembly for driving the grinding roller 6 to rotate, and the driving assembly is in transmission connection with the grinding roller 6.

The crushing assembly comprises a mounting frame 4 and a feed hopper 5 arranged on the mounting frame 4; two opposite grinding rollers 6 are rotatably arranged in the mounting rack 4, and the two grinding rollers 6 are arranged below the feed hopper 5; above-mentioned mounting bracket 4 is equipped with and is used for driving above-mentioned 6 pivoted drive assembly of grinding roller, and above-mentioned drive assembly is connected with the transmission of above-mentioned grinding roller, so can throw into the position of grinding roller 6 with dangerous waste from feeder hopper 5, grinds roller 6 through the drive assembly drive and rotates, grinds dangerous waste, is convenient for smash dangerous waste.

As shown in fig. 1-4, in some embodiments of the present invention, the outer side walls of the two grinding rollers 6 are provided with a plurality of grinding teeth 7, and the grinding teeth 7 on the two grinding rollers 6 are arranged alternately; the driving component is a driving motor 9, and the driving motor 9 is arranged on the mounting frame 4; the grinding roller 6 is provided on a drive shaft of the drive motor 9.

According to the invention, the grinding teeth 7 are arranged, and the grinding teeth 7 on the two grinding rollers 6 are arranged in a staggered manner; the driving component is a driving motor 9, and the driving motor 9 is arranged on the mounting frame 4; above-mentioned grinding roller 6 locates above-mentioned driving motor 9's transmission shaft, so be convenient for extrude, tear dangerous waste through crisscross grinding tooth 7 that sets up, be convenient for smash dangerous waste.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mounting frame 4 is provided with a screw conveyor 8, and the screw conveyor 8 is provided with a feed port 10 and a discharge port 11; the feed port 10 is provided below the grinding roll 6, and the discharge port 11 communicates with the combustion furnace 1.

According to the invention, the screw conveyor 8 is arranged, and the screw conveyor 8 is provided with a feeding hole 10 and a discharging hole 11; the feed port 10 is provided below the grinding roll 6, and the discharge port 11 communicates with the combustion furnace 1. The hazardous waste crushed in the way enters the screw conveyor 8 from the feeding hole 10, is transported to the discharging hole 11 through the screw conveyor 8, and then enters the combustion furnace 1 for combustion, so that the operation is convenient.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mounting frame 4 is provided with a guide plate 13, the guide plate 13 is disposed obliquely, and the guide plate 13 is disposed below the grinding roller 6; the feed inlet 10 is formed at the lowest portion of the guide plate 13.

The invention sets up the deflector 13, the above-mentioned deflector 13 is set up obliquely, the above-mentioned deflector 13 is set up below the above-mentioned grinding roller 6; the feed inlet 10 is arranged at the lowest part of the guide plate 13, so that the crushed hazardous waste powder can be guided by the guide plate 13, and the hazardous waste powder can slide down to the feed inlet 10 along the inclined guide plate 13 and then enter the screw conveyor 8.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, an atomizer 12 is disposed in the mounting frame 4, and the atomizer 12 is disposed below the grinding roll 6.

Because many hazardous wastes create a large amount of smoke when crushed, the smoke tends to float in the air and spill out of the crushing assembly. According to the invention, the atomizing nozzle 12 is arranged, and the atomizing nozzle 12 is arranged below the grinding roller 6, so that the smoke dust can be sprayed by spraying water mist from the atomizing nozzle 12, and the smoke dust is prevented from flying.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, a leaching device 14 is provided between the pulverization assembly and the combustion furnace 1, and the leaching device 14 is respectively communicated with the pulverization assembly and the combustion furnace 1.

Leaching refers to the process of extracting soluble material from a solid with a chemical solvent, also known as leaching. The chemical solvent for leaching is called leaching agent; the solution obtained after leaching is called leaching liquid, and the solid remained is called residue.

According to the invention, by arranging the leaching device 14, the leaching device 14 is respectively communicated with the crushing assembly and the combustion furnace 1, so that the hazardous waste powder can be firstly introduced into the leaching device 14 for leaching, the soluble substances contained in the hazardous waste powder are extracted, and then the hazardous waste powder is introduced into the combustion furnace 1 for combustion, and the recovery of the soluble substances contained in the hazardous waste is facilitated.

Alternatively, the leaching device 14 of the embodiment adopts the existing common leaching equipment. The leaching unit 14 differs according to the hazardous waste being treated. Such as the disposal of hazardous waste: for the secondary aluminum ash, the leaching device 14 for the secondary aluminum ash may be used.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, a magnetic separation device 15 is disposed between the leaching device 14 and the combustion furnace 1, and the magnetic separation device 15 is respectively communicated with the leaching device 14 and the combustion furnace 1.

The magnetic separation is to make various substances pass through a magnetic field by utilizing the difference of magnetic permeability of the substances, and because the different substances react to the magnetic field differently, the substances with high magnetic permeability are absorbed by a magnetic disc, then fall down after losing magnetism and are collected by an aggregate funnel, and the substances with low magnetic permeability are not absorbed and are left in the materials or are separated along with a rotating belt.

In the invention, a magnetic separation device 15 is arranged, and the magnetic separation device 15 is respectively communicated with the leaching device 14 and the combustion furnace 1, so that when relevant dangerous wastes such as slag and the like are treated, the dangerous wastes can be magnetically separated through the magnetic separation device 15, and different substances can be separated. Alternatively, the magnetic separation device 15 of the present embodiment employs a magnetic separator.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in some embodiments of the present invention, a drying device 16 is disposed between the magnetic separation device 15 and the combustion furnace 1, and the drying device 16 is respectively communicated with the magnetic separation device 15 and the combustion furnace 1.

According to the invention, the drying device 16 is arranged, and the drying device 16 is respectively communicated with the magnetic separation device 15 and the combustion furnace 1, so that dangerous wastes can be dried firstly and then are introduced into the combustion furnace 1 for combustion, and the combustion is convenient. Alternatively, the drying device 16 of the present embodiment employs an existing commonly used drying apparatus.

In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in fig. 1-4, the furnace 1 is an electric arc furnace. An electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that utilizes the high temperature produced by an electrode arc to melt ores and metals. When the gas discharge forms an electric arc, the energy is concentrated, and the temperature of the arc area is more than 3000 ℃. The electric arc furnace can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like, and the furnace temperature is easy to control. The invention is convenient for burning dangerous waste by arranging the combustion furnace 1 as an electric arc furnace.

In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a hazardous waste treatment apparatus, including a crushing assembly for crushing hazardous waste, a combustion furnace 1 for calcining hazardous waste, and a purification assembly for purifying gas generated after the hazardous waste is calcined; the crushing assembly is connected with the combustion furnace 1, the purification assembly comprises a purification box 2 and an air guide pipe 3, one end of the air guide pipe 3 is communicated with the combustion furnace 1, and the other end of the air guide pipe 3 is communicated with the purification box 2; the purifying box 2 is internally provided with absorption liquid.

During the in-service use, place hazardous waste in crushing unit, crushing unit smashes hazardous waste, is convenient for its burning. Then let in burning furnace 1 in burning with the hazardous waste after smashing and burn, can contain a large amount of poisonous and harmful components in the gas that produces after the burning, let in purifying box 2 and mix with the absorption liquid through air duct 3 with these gases that contain poisonous and harmful components, so the absorption liquid absorbs poisonous and harmful components, purify gas, so be convenient for handle hazardous waste, and can discharge after purifying the poisonous and harmful gas that produces after handling hazardous waste, and then reduce the influence to the air after the hazardous waste handles.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.