1. A hydraulic switch mechanism is characterized by comprising a liquid chamber, a hydraulic cylinder and a control rod connected with the hydraulic cylinder;

the body of the control rod is provided with a piston, the piston is movably arranged in the liquid cavity, and the piston divides the liquid cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity;

the first chamber is in communication with a first outlet and the second chamber is in communication with a second outlet;

when the hydraulic cylinder drives the control rod to move towards the direction of the first chamber, liquid is injected into the second chamber, and the liquid in the first chamber is discharged through the first outlet;

when the hydraulic cylinder drives the control rod to move towards the direction of the second chamber, liquid is injected into the first chamber, and the liquid in the second chamber is discharged through the second outlet.

2. The hydraulic switching mechanism according to claim 1 wherein the control rod is a valve stem of a valve.

3. A high pressure three-way valve comprises a high pressure three-way valve body, and is characterized in that the high pressure three-way valve body comprises a liquid chamber, a hydraulic cylinder and a valve rod connected with the hydraulic cylinder;

the valve rod body is provided with a piston, the piston is movably arranged in the liquid cavity, and the liquid cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the piston;

the first chamber is in communication with a first outlet and the second chamber is in communication with a second outlet;

the high pressure three-way valve body also comprises a first liquid collecting cavity and a second liquid collecting cavity communicated with the first liquid collecting cavity;

the first liquid collecting cavity is provided with a first opening and a second opening;

the second liquid collecting cavity is provided with a third opening;

the end part of the valve rod is provided with a valve clack, and the valve clack is used for opening or closing the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity; when the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity is opened, the valve clack is in sealing contact with the second opening.

4. A high gain three-way valve according to claim 3, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder is an internal hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged in the connection between the first and the second collecting chamber.

5. The high-pressure three-way valve according to claim 3, wherein the high-pressure three-way valve body is provided with a self-locking hand wheel, the self-locking hand wheel is in threaded connection with one end of a pressure rod, and the other end of the pressure rod is used for pressing the valve rod to enable the valve clack to be in sealing contact with the second opening.

6. The high-pressure three-way valve according to claim 5, wherein the other end of the pressure lever is connected with the high-pressure three-way valve body through a first guide rod, and the valve rod is connected with the high-pressure three-way valve body through a second guide rod.

7. The high-pressure three-way valve according to claim 3, characterized in that a valve cover of the high-pressure three-way valve body is connected with the valve rod through a copper sleeve; be equipped with first sealing member between the valve gap of high pressure heater three-way valve body and the valve body, the sealing member is including the four ring opening gland, four ring opening, sealing washer clamping ring and the valve gap sealing washer that connect gradually.

8. A high pressure three-way valve according to claim 3, characterized in that a second sealing element is arranged between the valve cover and the manual opening and closing device, and the second sealing element comprises a gland and a split ring which are connected in sequence.

9. A high pressure three-way valve according to claim 3, wherein the valve stem comprises a first section and a second section connected to the first section, one end of the first section being connected to the piston and disposed in the liquid chamber, the other end of the first section extending out of the liquid chamber; one end of the second section is connected with one end of the first section; the other end of the second section is connected with the valve clack, and the diameter of the first section is larger than that of the second section.

10. A three-way high gain valve according to claim 3, characterized in that the highest point of the spherical surface of the valve flap, the centre of the sphere of the spherical surface structure and the centre of the valve stem are in line.

Background

At present, high-pressure water supply systems are basically designed for domestic thermal power generating units to improve the heat efficiency, the performance requirements of equipment and valves of various systems of auxiliary systems of the large thermal power generating units are high, the working temperature of a high-pressure three-way valve of a boiler water supply system of a 600MW thermal power generating unit is 280 ℃, and the working pressure is 35.0 MPa. The parameters have higher requirements than those of a supercritical unit, and the valve is required to have better flow characteristics and higher running reliability.

The high-pressure heater is an important part of a thermal power generating set and a nuclear power generating set, and has the main functions of heating feed water by using steam extracted from the last stage of a steam turbine, realizing regenerative cycle and improving the generating efficiency of the set. When the high-pressure heater breaks down or needs to be isolated, the detection device sends a signal to close the main circuit of the high heightening three-way valve and emergently switch the water supply to the bypass, so that the safety cracking of the high-pressure heater is ensured, and the effect of protecting the high-pressure heater is achieved.

The effect of high pressure heater three-way valve is in time, amputation high water side fast when the high pressure heater inner tube bank leaks, prevents that high pressure from continuing to leak and to the erodeing of tube bank to guarantee not to return water to the steam turbine, and normally supply water in order to maintain the continuous operation of unit to the boiler, guarantee simultaneously that high pressure adds to keep apart the water side reliably when inspection or overhaul.

However, the high pressure three-way valve of the auxiliary equipment system of the large thermal power generating unit in China has certain differences from the advanced level of the world in the aspects of working parameters, structures, execution standards, inspection standards, sealing performance and the like. At present, the high pressure heater three-way valve is opened and closed mainly by external electric power equipment, and the high pressure heater three-way valve cannot be opened and closed by conveying a medium.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem that the opening and closing of a high pressure three-way valve cannot be realized by conveying media in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a hydraulic switching mechanism and the high pressure three-way valve.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydraulic switch mechanism, including a liquid chamber, a hydraulic cylinder, and a control rod connected to the hydraulic cylinder;

the body of the control rod is provided with a piston, the piston is movably arranged in the liquid cavity, and the piston divides the liquid cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity;

the first chamber is in communication with a first outlet and the second chamber is in communication with a second outlet;

when the hydraulic cylinder drives the control rod to move towards the direction of the first chamber, liquid is injected into the second chamber, and the liquid in the first chamber is discharged through the first outlet;

when the hydraulic cylinder drives the control rod to move towards the direction of the second chamber, liquid is injected into the first chamber, and the liquid in the second chamber is discharged through the second outlet.

Optionally, the control rod is a valve stem of a valve.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high pressure three-way valve, which includes a high pressure three-way valve body including a liquid chamber, a hydraulic cylinder, and a valve rod connected to the hydraulic cylinder;

the valve rod body is provided with a piston, the piston is movably arranged in the liquid cavity, and the liquid cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the piston;

the first chamber is in communication with a first outlet and the second chamber is in communication with a second outlet;

the high pressure three-way valve body also comprises a first liquid collecting cavity and a second liquid collecting cavity communicated with the first liquid collecting cavity;

the first liquid collecting cavity is provided with a first opening and a second opening;

the second liquid collecting cavity is provided with a third opening;

the end part of the valve rod is provided with a valve clack, and the valve clack is used for opening or closing the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity; when the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity is opened, the valve clack is in sealing contact with the second opening.

Optionally, the hydraulic cylinder is a built-in hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is installed at a communication position of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity.

Optionally, the high pressure three-way valve body is provided with a self-locking hand wheel, the self-locking hand wheel is in threaded connection with one end of the pressure lever, and the other end of the pressure lever is used for abutting against the valve rod to enable the valve clack to be in sealing contact with the second opening.

Optionally, the other end of the pressure lever is connected with the high pressure three-way valve body through a first guide rod, and the valve rod is connected with the high pressure three-way valve body through a second guide rod.

Optionally, a valve cover of the high pressure three-way valve body is connected with the valve rod through a copper sleeve; be equipped with first sealing member between the valve gap of high pressure heater three-way valve body and the valve body, the sealing member is including the four ring opening gland, four ring opening, sealing washer clamping ring and the valve gap sealing washer that connect gradually.

Optionally, a second sealing element is arranged between the valve cover and the manual opening and closing device, and the second sealing element comprises a gland and a split ring which are connected in sequence.

Further, the valve rod comprises a first section and a second section connected with the first section, one end of the first section is connected with the piston and arranged in the liquid cavity, and the other end of the first section extends out of the liquid cavity; one end of the second section is connected with one end of the first section; the other end of the second section is connected with the valve clack, and the diameter of the first section is larger than that of the second section.

Furthermore, the highest point of the spherical surface of the valve clack, the spherical center of the spherical surface structure and the center of the valve rod are on the same straight line.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

according to the hydraulic switching mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention, the conveyed liquid medium is conveyed into the first chamber or the second chamber, so that the liquid medium in the first chamber or the second chamber is discharged or enters through the hydraulic cylinder, and therefore, corresponding switching action is conveniently carried out through the discharge or entrance condition of the liquid medium in the first chamber or the second chamber.

According to the high pressure three-way valve provided by the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the hydraulic switch mechanism, when a liquid medium is in the first chamber or the second chamber, the valve flap of the corresponding control valve rod opens or closes the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity, when the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity is opened, the valve flap is in sealing contact with the second opening, and when the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity is closed, the corresponding switch operation is carried out, so that the on-off switching of the three-way valve is realized.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a high pressure three-way valve.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an external structural diagram of a high pressure three-way valve.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-self-locking hand wheel, 2-second guide rod, 3-upper cavity water hole, 4-copper sleeve, 5-four open ring, 6-valve cover sealing ring, 7-valve cover, 8-sealing ring, 9-built-in hydraulic cylinder, 10-valve rod, 11-valve clack, 12-valve body, 13-lower valve seat, 14-sealing ring pressing ring, 15-four open ring pressing cover, 16-split ring, 17-lower cavity water hole, 18-piston, 19-pressing rod, 20-liquid chamber, 21-second liquid collecting chamber, 22-first liquid collecting chamber, 23-pressing cover, a-bypass pipeline, b-leading to high-pressure heater pipeline, c-connecting water supply pump outlet pipeline, 201-first section, 202-second section.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1-3, a hydraulic switch mechanism includes a fluid chamber, a hydraulic cylinder, and a control rod connected to the hydraulic cylinder;

the body of the control rod is provided with a piston, the piston is movably arranged in the liquid cavity, and the piston divides the liquid cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity;

the first chamber is in communication with a first outlet and the second chamber is in communication with a second outlet;

when the hydraulic cylinder drives the control rod to move towards the direction of the first chamber, liquid is injected into the second chamber, and the liquid in the first chamber is discharged through the first outlet;

when the hydraulic cylinder drives the control rod to move towards the direction of the second chamber, liquid is injected into the first chamber, and the liquid in the second chamber is discharged through the second outlet.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a hydraulic switch mechanism includes a fluid chamber, a hydraulic cylinder, and a control rod; the body of the control rod is provided with a piston which can slide in a reciprocating manner in the liquid chamber, so that the piston divides the liquid chamber 20 into two chambers, namely a first chamber and a second chamber; referring to fig. 1, the first and second chambers are upper and lower chambers, respectively.

The upper chamber is in communication with the first outlet (right outlet) and the lower chamber is in communication with the second outlet (left outlet). When the hydraulic cylinder drives the control rod to move towards the upper chamber, the space of the upper chamber is reduced, and the liquid in the upper chamber is discharged through the right outlet; when the hydraulic cylinder drives the control rod to move towards the lower cavity, the space of the lower cavity is reduced, and liquid in the lower cavity is discharged through the left outlet.

Thus, the switching operation can be performed by controlling the discharge of the liquid from the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

Optionally, the hydraulic cylinder body and the upper valve seat are of an integrated structure, so that the valve structure is more compact, and the hydraulic cylinder body has the functions of the upper valve seat and the hydraulic cylinder; the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a window, and the hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a hydraulic flow guiding inclined hole.

Liquid is directly led into the hydraulic cylinder from the hydraulic hole through the valve cover body, and discharged hydraulic medium is discharged from the hydraulic cylinder and small holes in the valve cover body without additionally arranging parts, so that the structure is very simple and effective.

The lower part of the hydraulic cylinder and the valve rod are in mechanical fit, and certain media can flow through a gap between the hydraulic cylinder and the valve rod.

For example, the components may be controlled by software to perform corresponding switching operations by sensing the volume of liquid in the upper or lower chambers.

Optionally, the control rod is a valve stem of a valve.

The hydraulic switch mechanism is directly used for controlling the valve, the control rod is the valve rod, and the liquid volume in the upper cavity and the lower cavity is controlled by controlling the up-and-down movement of the valve rod, so that the valve rod is controlled to be switched on and off, and the valve is controlled to be switched on and off.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1-3, a high pressure three-way valve includes a high pressure three-way valve body including a fluid chamber, a hydraulic cylinder, and a valve stem connected to the hydraulic cylinder; the valve rod body is provided with a piston, the piston is movably arranged in the liquid cavity, and the liquid cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the piston;

the first chamber is in communication with a first outlet and the second chamber is in communication with a second outlet;

the high pressure three-way valve body also comprises a first liquid collecting cavity and a second liquid collecting cavity communicated with the first liquid collecting cavity;

the first liquid collecting cavity is provided with a first opening and a second opening;

the second liquid collecting cavity is provided with a third opening;

the end part of the valve rod is provided with a valve clack, and the valve clack is used for opening or closing the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity; when the communication part of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity is opened, the valve clack is in sealing contact with the second opening.

Optionally, the hydraulic cylinder body and the upper valve seat are of an integrated structure, so that the valve structure is more compact, and the hydraulic cylinder body has the functions of the upper valve seat and the hydraulic cylinder; the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a window, and the hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a hydraulic flow guiding inclined hole.

Liquid is directly led into the hydraulic cylinder from the hydraulic hole through the valve cover body, and discharged hydraulic medium is discharged from the hydraulic cylinder and small holes in the valve cover body without additionally arranging parts, so that the structure is very simple and effective.

The lower part of the hydraulic cylinder and the valve rod are in mechanical fit, and certain media can flow through a gap between the hydraulic cylinder and the valve rod.

Optionally, the valve rod and the valve clack are of a self-positioning circular spherical surface structure, namely the valve clack is of a circular spherical surface structure, and the highest point of the spherical surface of the valve clack, the spherical center of the circular spherical surface structure and the center of the valve rod are on the same straight line, so that the valve clack cannot generate unbalanced sealing force due to the constraint of valve rod force, can be automatically positioned at any time, and is tight and leakproof.

In order to prevent the valve clack from rotating, the valve clack and the valve rod are connected by adopting a square split nut.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the high pressure three-way valve body includes a liquid chamber 20, a hydraulic cylinder is a built-in hydraulic cylinder 9, the built-in hydraulic cylinder 9 and a valve rod 10, a piston 18 is disposed on a body of the valve rod, the piston 18 is movably disposed in the liquid chamber 20, the piston slides up and down in the liquid chamber 20, the piston and a portion above the liquid chamber form a first chamber, the piston and a portion below the liquid chamber form a second chamber, the first chamber is communicated with the upper water hole 3, and the second chamber is communicated with the lower water hole 17.

The piston is in sealed sliding connection with the liquid chamber; when the piston slides to the upper part of the liquid chamber, liquid is injected into the second chamber and simultaneously the liquid in the first chamber is discharged from the upper water hole 3; when the piston slides towards the lower part of the liquid chamber, liquid is injected into the first chamber and liquid in the second chamber is discharged from the lower chamber water hole 17.

The high pressure three-way valve body also comprises a first liquid collecting cavity and a second liquid collecting cavity; referring to FIG. 1, the first and second liquid collecting chambers are in up-and-down communication; the lower extreme of valve rod 10 is equipped with valve clack 11, and when valve clack 11 was in the sealed contact of intercommunication department with first liquid collecting cavity and second liquid collecting cavity under the drive of valve rod 10, liquid got into first liquid collecting cavity 22 from the left first opening in first liquid collecting cavity 22, and then liquid was discharged from the second opening in first liquid collecting cavity 22.

When the valve flap 11 is moved downward by the valve stem 10 to the position shown in fig. 1, liquid enters the first liquid collecting chamber 22 from the first opening on the left side of the first liquid collecting chamber 22, and then the liquid is discharged from the third opening on the right side of the second liquid collecting chamber 21.

Therefore, the high-pressure three-way valve realizes the purpose of switching the flow direction of liquid through the liquid medium control switch through the hydraulic switch structure.

Optionally, the hydraulic cylinder is a built-in hydraulic cylinder 9, and the hydraulic cylinder is installed at a communication position of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity.

Optionally, the communication part of the built-in hydraulic cylinder and the first liquid collecting cavity is hermetically connected with the communication part of the built-in hydraulic cylinder and the second liquid collecting cavity through a sealing ring 8.

In order to facilitate manual opening and closing of the high pressure three-way valve, optionally, the high pressure three-way valve body is provided with a self-locking hand wheel, the self-locking hand wheel is in threaded connection with one end of a pressure lever, and the other end of the pressure lever is used for abutting against the valve rod to enable the valve clack to be in sealing contact with the second opening.

Referring to fig. 1, the high pressure three-way valve is provided with a self-locking hand wheel 1, and the lower end of the self-locking hand wheel is in threaded connection with the upper end of a pressure rod; the lifting of the pressure lever is realized by rotating the self-locking hand wheel, and when the pressure lever is lowered to the upper end of the valve rod, the pressure lever presses the valve rod to move downwards until the valve clack is in sealing contact with the second opening; when the compression bar rises to the upper part, the hydraulic cylinder drives the valve rod to return to the communication position of the first liquid collecting cavity and the second liquid collecting cavity, so that the valve rod is sealed with the communication position.

When the bypass operates, the self-locking hand wheel with the self-locking function firmly supports against the valve rod, so that accidents are prevented, and a guarantee is provided for preventing misoperation.

In order to facilitate the pressing rod and the valve rod to be kept at the central position, optionally, the other end of the pressing rod is connected with the high pressure three-way valve body through a first guide rod, and the valve rod is connected with the high pressure three-way valve body through a second guide rod.

Referring to fig. 1, the lower end of the pressure lever is connected with the manual opening and closing device through a first guide rod; the upper end of the valve rod is connected with the high pressure three-way valve body through a second guide rod 2.

Optionally, a valve cover of the high pressure three-way valve body is connected with the valve rod through a copper sleeve;

for the holistic sealed effect of reinforcing, be equipped with first sealing member between the valve gap of high tee valve body and the valve body, the sealing member is including the four ring opening gland 15, the four ring opening 5, sealing washer clamping ring and 14 valve gap sealing washer 6 that connect gradually.

Optionally, a second sealing element is arranged between the valve cover and the manual opening and closing device, and the second sealing element comprises a gland 23 and a split ring 16 which are connected in sequence.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the high pressure three-way valve can adopt a conveying medium as the liquid of the first liquid collecting cavity or the second liquid collecting cavity, and the first liquid collecting cavity or the second liquid collecting cavity can be connected with the conveying pipeline for conveying the medium, so that on one hand, the on-off control of the high pressure three-way valve is realized, and on the other hand, the pressure of the conveying medium in the conveying pipeline is regulated.

Optionally, a water supply pump outlet pipeline c connected with the left side of the high pressure three-way valve and a water supply pump outlet pipeline c connected with the outlet of the water supply pump are arranged on the left side of the high pressure three-way valve; a high pressure three-way valve bypass pipeline a is arranged on the right side of the high pressure three-way valve, and a pipeline b leading to a high pressure heater is arranged on the lower side of the high pressure three-way valve; thereby be convenient for through high three-way valve realization main heating pipeline and bypass pipeline's fast switch over.

In order to realize the quick closing of the main path, the piston 18 is arranged at the upper position of the rod body, and the valve flap is driven to move along with the up-and-down movement of the piston so as to open and close the valve; in order to ensure that the valve quickly closes the main pipeline, the valve rod is designed very specially, and the valve rod of the upper piston cavity is larger than the valve rod of the lower piston cavity because the water inlet of the built-in cylinder adopts main water supply, namely the water quantity which can be injected into the upper cavity of the built-in cylinder within 5S (or within a specified time) is larger than or equal to the volume of the upper cavity (the drain valve of the lower piston cavity is opened).

The method is realized by the following steps: the valve rod 10 comprises a first section 201 and a second section 202 integrally connected with the first section, the lower end of the first section is connected with the piston 18 and arranged in the liquid cavity, and the upper end of the first section extends out of the liquid cavity; the upper end of the second section is connected with the lower end of the first section; the lower end of the second section is connected with the valve clack; the core characteristics are as follows: the diameter of the first section is greater than the diameter of the second section. Optionally, the diameter of the first section is 2-5 times the diameter of the second section.

Referring to fig. 1, when the diameter of the first section is larger than that of the second section, the valve stem diameter at the upper end of the piston is larger and the valve stem diameter at the lower end is smaller. When the main path is closed, the lower cavity of the piston begins to drain water and release pressure, the water injection amount of the upper cavity needs to be more than or equal to the volume of the upper cavity of the piston, otherwise, instantaneous vacuum is caused, and the closing speed is reduced; the water quantity which can be injected into the upper cavity of the built-in cylinder within 5S (or within a specified time) is larger than or equal to the volume of the upper cavity.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.