1. A blade is characterized in that the blade is provided with a front edge (100), a blade body (200) and a tail edge (300) which are arranged along the chordwise direction of the blade, the blade is provided with a blade top (400) and a blade bottom (500) which are oppositely arranged along the height direction of the blade, a first cooling cavity (201) and a second cooling cavity (202) are arranged in the blade, the first cooling cavity (201) and the second cooling cavity (202) are arranged at intervals along the chordwise direction of the blade, a plurality of first flow passages (2011) extending along the height direction of the blade are arranged in the first cooling cavity (201), a plurality of second flow passages (2021) extending along the chordwise direction of the blade are arranged in the second cooling cavity (202), the blade bottom (500) is provided with a first working medium inlet (501) and a second working medium inlet (502), the blade top (400) is provided with a first outlet (401), the tail edge (300) is provided with a second working medium outlet (301), the first working medium inlet (501) and the first working medium outlet (401) are communicated with the first cooling cavity (201), and the second working medium inlet (502) and the second working medium outlet (301) are communicated with the second cooling cavity (202).

2. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the first cooling chamber (201) comprises a plurality of first sub-chambers (2012), the plurality of first sub-chambers (2012) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the blade, and two adjacent first sub-chambers (2012) are communicated with each other through the first flow passages (2011).

3. The blade of claim 2, wherein the number of first flow passages (2011) between two adjacent first subcavities (2012) increases gradually in a direction from the blade bottom (500) to the blade top (400).

4. The blade according to claim 1, wherein the second cooling cavity (202) comprises a plurality of second sub-cavities (2022), the plurality of second sub-cavities (2022) are arranged at intervals along the direction from the leading edge (100) to the trailing edge (300), and two adjacent second sub-cavities (2022) are communicated with each other through the second flow channel (2021).

5. The blade of claim 4, wherein the number of second flow channels (2021) between two adjacent second sub-cavities (2022) increases gradually in the direction from the leading edge (100) to the trailing edge (300).

6. Blade according to claim 1, wherein the trailing edge (300) is provided with a cleft (3011), the cleft (3011) constituting the second working substance outlet (301).

7. The blade of claim 6, wherein a plurality of trailing edge holes (302) are formed in the trailing edge (300), the plurality of trailing edge holes (302) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the blade, one end of each trailing edge hole (302) is communicated with the second cooling cavity (202), and the other end of each trailing edge hole (302) is communicated with the cleft slot (3011).

8. The blade of claim 1, wherein the first working fluid outlet (401) comprises a plurality of tip gas film holes (4011), the plurality of tip gas film holes (4011) being spaced apart on the tip (400) in a chordwise direction of the blade.

9. The blade of claim 8, wherein the tip (400) is provided with a groove (402), the tip film hole (4011) being formed in the groove (402).

10. The blade of claim 1, wherein the leading edge (100) is provided with a plurality of leading edge film holes (102) at intervals along the height direction of the blade, a third cooling cavity (101) is arranged in the leading edge (100), the blade bottom (500) is provided with a third working medium inlet (503), and the third cooling cavity (101) is communicated with the leading edge film holes (102) and the third working medium inlet (503).

11. The blade of claim 10, wherein a jet cavity (103) is arranged in the leading edge (100), a plurality of jet holes (104) are communicated between the jet cavity (103) and the third cooling cavity (101), and the jet cavity (103) is communicated with the leading edge film hole (102).

12. A turbine, comprising:

a housing;

a blade according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the blade is a plurality of blades, and the plurality of blades are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the casing.

13. A gas turbine comprising a turbine according to claim 12.

Background

Compared with a steam turbine, the gas turbine has a series of advantages of small size, light weight, quick start and the like, and plays an important role in national economy pillar industries of aviation, ships, electric power and the like. The gas turbine mainly comprises: the compressor, the combustion chamber and the turbine.

In the actual working process of the gas turbine, raising the turbine gas inlet temperature is an effective means for improving the efficiency of the gas turbine, and the turbine gas inlet temperature of the gas turbine exceeds the melting point of the blade at present, which brings a serious challenge to the design of the blade. In the related art, in order to improve the reliability of the blade, a high-temperature resistant thermal barrier coating is generally coated on the blade or a high-temperature resistant metal material is selected, but the increase speed of the metal temperature resistance is far lower than that of the turbine gas inlet temperature, so that a cooling technology is required to reduce the temperature of the blade. However, the cooling effect of the blade in the related art is poor, and the reliability is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides the blade with good cooling effect and high reliability.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a turbine.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a gas turbine.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the blade has a leading edge, a blade body and a trailing edge arranged in a chordwise direction thereof, the blade is provided with a blade top and a blade bottom which are oppositely arranged along the height direction of the blade, a first cooling cavity and a second cooling cavity are arranged in the blade, the first cooling cavity and the second cooling cavity are arranged at intervals along the chord direction of the blade, a plurality of first flow channels extending along the height direction of the blade are arranged in the first cooling cavity, a plurality of second flow passages extending along the chord direction of the blade are arranged in the second cooling cavity, a first working medium inlet and a second working medium inlet are arranged at the blade bottom, the blade top is provided with a first working medium outlet, the trailing edge is provided with a second working medium outlet, the first working medium inlet and the first working medium outlet are communicated with the first cooling cavity, and the second working medium inlet and the second working medium outlet are communicated with the second cooling cavity.

According to the blade provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the blade is cooled, part of the cooling working medium is introduced into the first cooling cavity from the first working medium inlet, then the part of the blade is subjected to impact cooling by shunting of the plurality of first flow channels extending along the height direction of the blade, the other part of the cooling working medium is introduced into the second cooling cavity from the second working medium inlet, and then the other part of the blade is subjected to impact cooling by shunting of the second flow channels extending along the chord direction of the blade, so that the flowing uniformity of the cooling working medium in the blade is ensured, the heat transfer performance of the blade is enhanced, and the cooling effect of the blade is better and the reliability is higher.

In some embodiments, the first cooling cavity includes a plurality of first sub-cavities, the plurality of first sub-cavities are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the blade, and two adjacent first sub-cavities are communicated with each other through the first flow passage.

In some embodiments, the number of the first flow passages between two adjacent first sub-cavities gradually increases along the direction from the blade bottom to the blade top.

In some embodiments, the second cooling cavity includes a plurality of second sub-cavities, the plurality of second sub-cavities are arranged at intervals along the direction from the leading edge to the trailing edge, and two adjacent second sub-cavities are communicated with each other through the second flow channel.

In some embodiments, the number of the second flow passages between two adjacent second sub-cavities gradually increases along the direction from the leading edge to the trailing edge.

In some embodiments, the trailing edge is provided with a cleft slit, which constitutes the second working medium outlet.

In some embodiments, a plurality of trailing edge holes are formed in the trailing edge, the trailing edge holes are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the blade, one end of each trailing edge hole is communicated with the second cooling cavity, and the other end of each trailing edge hole is communicated with the splitting slit.

In some embodiments, the first working medium outlet comprises a plurality of vane top gas film holes, and the plurality of vane top gas film holes are arranged on the vane top at intervals along the chord direction of the vane.

In some embodiments, the tip is provided with a groove, and the tip film hole is formed in the groove.

In some embodiments, a plurality of leading edge film holes are arranged at intervals on the leading edge along the height direction of the blade, a third cooling cavity is arranged in the leading edge, a third working medium inlet is arranged at the bottom of the blade, and the third cooling cavity is communicated with the leading edge film holes and the third working medium inlet.

In some embodiments, a jet cavity is arranged in the leading edge, a plurality of jet holes are communicated between the jet cavity and the third cooling cavity, and the jet cavity is communicated with the leading edge film holes.

The turbine according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a casing and a plurality of blades, the plurality of blades being the blades according to any one of the above embodiments, and the plurality of blades being arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the casing.

The turbine provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good cooling effect and high reliability.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a gas turbine comprises a turbine according to the above embodiment.

The gas turbine provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good cooling effect and high reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a blade of an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another perspective of a blade of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the interior of a blade according to an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

100. a leading edge; 101. a third cooling chamber; 102. a leading edge air film hole; 103. a jet chamber; 104. a jet hole;

200. a leaf body; 201. a first cooling chamber; 2011. a first flow passage; 2012. a first sub-cavity; 202. a second cooling chamber; 2021. a second flow passage; 2022. a second sub-cavity;

300. a trailing edge; 301. a second working medium outlet; 3011. splitting the seam; 302. a trailing edge aperture;

400. leaf tops; 401. a first working medium outlet; 4011. a leaf top gas film hole; 402. a groove;

500. leaf bottom; 501. a first working medium inlet; 502. a second working medium inlet; 503. a third working medium inlet.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

A blade, a turbine and a gas turbine according to embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention has a leading edge 100, a blade body 200, and a trailing edge 300 arranged in a chordwise direction (e.g., a left-right direction in fig. 1) thereof, a blade has a tip 400 and a bottom 500 arranged opposite to each other in a height direction (e.g., an up-down direction in fig. 1) thereof, a first cooling cavity 201 and a second cooling cavity 202 are provided in the blade, and the first cooling cavity 201 and the second cooling cavity 202 are arranged at intervals in the chordwise direction of the blade.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a plurality of first flow channels 2011 extending in the height direction of the blade are arranged in the first cooling chamber 201, a plurality of second flow channels 2021 extending in the chord direction of the blade are arranged in the second cooling chamber 202, the blade bottom 500 is provided with a first working medium inlet 501 and a second working medium inlet 502, the blade top 400 is provided with a first working medium outlet 401, the trailing edge 300 is provided with a second working medium outlet 301, the first working medium inlet 501 and the first working medium outlet 401 are communicated with the first cooling chamber 201, and the second working medium inlet 502 and the second working medium outlet 301 are communicated with the second cooling chamber 202.

According to the blade provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the blade is cooled, part of the cooling working medium is introduced into the first cooling cavity 201 from the first working medium inlet 501, then the cooling working medium is divided by the first flow channels 2011 extending along the height direction of the blade to perform impact cooling on the part of the blade, the other part of the cooling working medium is introduced into the second cooling cavity 202 from the second working medium inlet 502, and then the cooling working medium is divided by the second flow channels 2021 extending along the chord direction of the blade to perform impact cooling on the other part of the blade, so that the flowing uniformity of the cooling working medium in the blade is ensured, the heat transfer performance of the blade is enhanced, the cooling effect of the blade is better, the reliability of the blade is higher, and the blade provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple in structure and convenient to process and manufacture.

It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 3, after a part of the cooling working medium enters the first cooling cavity 201 from the first working medium inlet 501, a local impingement cooling effect is formed due to abrupt change of the cross section of the first flow passage 2011, so as to locally cool the blade body 200 of the blade, and then the cooling working medium flows out from the first working medium outlet 401. After the other part of the cooling working medium enters the second cooling cavity 202 from the second working medium inlet 502, a local impact cooling effect is formed due to abrupt change of the section of the second flow channel 2021, and then impact cooling is performed on the part of the blade close to the trailing edge 300.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the first cooling chamber 201 includes a plurality of first sub-chambers 2012, the plurality of first sub-chambers 2012 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the blade, and two adjacent first sub-chambers 2012 are communicated with each other through the first flow passage 2011, so that when the blade of the embodiment of the present invention is cooled, the cooling medium may sequentially pass through the plurality of first sub-chambers 2012, thereby increasing the frequency of the cross-section mutation of the cooling medium, and further improving the cooling effect of the blade.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the first flow channels 2011 between two adjacent first sub-cavities 2012 is gradually increased along the direction from the blade bottom 500 to the blade top 400, so that when the blade of the embodiment of the present invention is cooled, the cooling working medium may sequentially pass through the first flow channels 2011 of different numbers, and the frequency of the cross-section sudden change of the cooling working medium is further increased, so that the cooling effect of the blade is better.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the second cooling cavity 202 includes a plurality of second sub-cavities 2022, the plurality of second sub-cavities 2022 are arranged at intervals along the direction from the leading edge 100 to the trailing edge 300, and two adjacent second sub-cavities 2022 are communicated with each other through the second flow channel 2021. Therefore, when the blade of the embodiment of the invention is cooled, the cooling working medium can sequentially pass through the plurality of second sub-cavities 2022, so that the frequency of the sudden change of the cross section of the cooling working medium is increased, and the cooling effect of the blade is further improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the second flow channels 2021 between two adjacent second sub-cavities 2022 gradually increases along the direction from the leading edge 100 to the trailing edge 300, so that when the blade of the embodiment of the present invention is cooled, the cooling working medium may sequentially pass through the second flow channels 2021 of different numbers, and the frequency of the cross-section abrupt change of the cooling working medium is further increased, so that the cooling effect of the blade is better.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the trailing edge 300 is provided with a split slot 3011, the split slot 3011 forms the second working medium outlet 301, a plurality of trailing edge holes 302 are provided in the trailing edge 300, the plurality of trailing edge holes 302 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the blade, one end of the trailing edge hole 302 (e.g., the left end of the trailing edge hole 302 in fig. 3) is communicated with the second cooling cavity 202, and the other end of the trailing edge hole 302 (e.g., the right end of the trailing edge hole 302 in fig. 3) is communicated with the split slot 3011, and the cooling working medium in the blade according to the embodiment of the present invention may be discharged from the split slot 3011 after being split by the plurality of trailing edge holes 302, thereby improving the cooling effect of the trailing edge 300 of the blade.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the first working medium outlet 401 includes a plurality of blade tip air film holes 4011, and the plurality of blade tip air film holes 4011 are arranged on the blade tip 400 at intervals along the chord direction of the blade, so that a uniform cooling air film can be formed on the blade tip 400, and preferably, the blade tip 400 is provided with a groove 402, and the blade tip air film holes 4011 are formed in the groove 402, so that the cooling effect at the blade tip 400 of the blade can be further improved, and the reliability of the blade during operation can be ensured.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the leading edge 100 has a plurality of leading edge film holes 102 arranged at intervals along the height direction of the blade, a third cooling cavity 101 is arranged in the leading edge 100, the blade bottom 500 is provided with a third working medium inlet 503, and the third cooling cavity 101 is communicated with the leading edge film holes 102 and the third working medium inlet 503. It can be understood that a part of the cooling working medium enters the third cooling cavity 101 through the third working medium inlet 503 and then is ejected from the leading edge film hole 102, so as to cool the heat transfer surface near the leading edge 100, and large-scale vortices can be formed on both sides of the blade after the cooling working medium is ejected from the leading edge film hole 102, so as to effectively destroy the development of the boundary layer, and further cool the blade.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, a jet flow cavity 103 is arranged in the front edge 100, a plurality of jet flow holes 104 are communicated between the jet flow cavity 103 and the third cooling cavity 101, and the jet flow cavity 103 is communicated with the front edge air film hole 102, so that the cooling medium entering the third cooling cavity 101 can enter the jet flow cavity 103 through the plurality of jet flow holes 104, and then is ejected from the front edge air film hole 102 through the jet flow cavity 103, thereby further improving the uniformity of the cooling medium ejected from the front edge air film hole 102, and improving the cooling effect of the front edge 100 of the blade.

According to another aspect of the invention, the turbine comprises a shell and a plurality of blades, wherein the blades are blades according to the embodiment of the invention, and the plurality of blades are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell.

According to the gas turbine of the embodiment of the invention, which comprises the turbine of the embodiment, the cooling effect of the gas turbine of the embodiment of the invention is better, and the reliability is high.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.