1. The utility model provides a no steam engine of piston cylinder connecting rod which characterized in that:

the steam engine without the piston cylinder connecting rod comprises a stator (1), a rotating wheel (5), a rotating shaft (10) and a steam distribution device;

the stator (1) is cuboid, is fixedly arranged on the base, is internally provided with a horizontal cylindrical runner cavity (3), is provided with end holes (2) at the left end and the right end respectively, and the axis of each end hole (2) is superposed with the axis of the runner cavity (3);

n air grooves (4) are formed in the wall of the runner cavity (3), and the n air grooves (4) are uniformly distributed along the axial direction; n is an integer equal to or greater than 1;

each air groove (4) is rectangular in longitudinal section, surrounds half of the runner cavity (3), is communicated with the runner cavity (3), and is sequentially divided into a starting section air groove (4a), a middle section air groove (4b) and a tail section air groove (4c) in a clockwise manner; the distance between the groove bottom of the starting section air groove (4a) and the axis of the runner cavity (3) is continuously and gradually increased along the clockwise direction; the distance between the groove bottom of the tail section air groove (4c) and the axis of the runner cavity (3) is continuously and gradually reduced along the clockwise direction; the distance between the bottom of the middle section air groove (4b) and the axis of the runner cavity (3) is kept constant along the clockwise direction, the initial end of the middle section air groove is smoothly connected with the tail end of the initial section air groove (4a), and the tail end of the middle section air groove is smoothly connected with the initial end of the tail section air groove (4 c); the initial ends of the initial section air grooves (4a) on the n air grooves (4) are positioned on the same straight line parallel to the axis of the runner cavity (3);

n air inlet pipes (11), n exhaust pipes (12) and k lubricating oil pipes (13) are arranged on the stator (1), wherein k is an integer larger than n;

the n air inlet pipes (11) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the stator (1) near the initial section air grooves (4a) of the n air grooves (4), and the inner ends of the n air inlet pipes are respectively communicated with the initial ends of the initial section air grooves (4a) of the n air grooves (4);

the n exhaust pipes (12) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the stator (1) near the tail section gas grooves (4c) of the n gas grooves (4), the inner ends of the exhaust pipes are respectively communicated with the tail ends of the tail section gas grooves (4c) of the n gas grooves (4), and the outer ends of the exhaust pipes are communicated with the atmosphere;

n lubricating oil pipes (13) in the k lubricating oil pipes (13) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the stator (1) near the tail section air grooves (4c) of the n air grooves (4), the inner ends of the lubricating oil pipes are respectively close to the tail ends of the tail section air grooves (4c) of the n air grooves (4) and respectively extend to the cavity wall of the runner cavity (3) at the corresponding position; the other k-n lubricating oil pipes (13) are dispersedly arranged on the stator (1) without the air grooves (4) and respectively extend to the cavity wall of the corresponding position of the runner cavity (3); the outer ends of the k lubricating oil pipes (13) are fixedly connected with a lubricating oil tank, and lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank can automatically enter the k lubricating oil pipes (13);

the rotating wheel (5) is cylindrical, is coaxially arranged in a rotating wheel cavity (3) of the stator (1), has the axial length equal to or less than the axial length of the rotating wheel cavity (3), has the outer diameter smaller than but close to the inner diameter of the rotating wheel cavity (3), is provided with an axial shaft hole (6), has the axis coincident with the axis of the shaft hole (6), and is also provided with n radial sliding block cavities (7); the n sliding block cavities (7) are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and respectively correspond to the axial positions of the n air grooves (4) on the stator (1); in the n sliding block cavities (7), the axes of two adjacent sliding block cavities (7) are staggered, and the included angle of the projection of the axes of the two sliding block cavities (7) on a plane vertical to the axis of the rotating wheel (5) is equal to 360/n degrees;

any slide block cavity (7) is rectangular in cross section, the axial width of the slide block cavity relative to the rotating wheel (5) is equal to the longitudinal width of the air groove (4), the cavity bottom of the slide block cavity is close to the shaft hole (6) of the rotating wheel (5), and the outer end of the slide block cavity is opened on the circumferential surface of the rotating wheel (5) at a corresponding position;

a slide block (8) and a slide block spring (9) are arranged in any slide block cavity (7), and the inner end of the slide block spring (9) is contacted with the cavity bottom of the slide block cavity (7); the slide block (8) is a cuboid block, the shape of the cross section of the slide block is the same as that of the cross section of the slide block cavity (7), the area of the cross section of the slide block is smaller than but close to the area of the cross section of the slide block cavity (7) and equal, the radial length of the slide block is smaller than the radial depth of the slide block cavity (7), the inner end surface of the slide block is contacted with the outer end of the slide block spring (9), and the outer end of the slide block spring can automatically and rapidly extend out of the slide block cavity (7) under the action of the elastic force of the slide block spring (9) under the condition that the outer end of the slide block spring is not blocked;

the rotating shaft (10) is inserted into a shaft hole (6) of the rotating wheel (5), is fixedly connected with the rotating wheel (5) into a whole, has an axis coincident with the axis of the rotating wheel (5), has two ends respectively extending outwards from the two ends of the rotating wheel (5), has two extending ends respectively installed in two end holes (2) at the left end and the right end of the stator (1), has an axis coincident with the axis of the rotating wheel cavity (3) on the stator (1), can freely rotate around the axis, but cannot move along the axial direction;

the n air distribution devices are uniformly distributed around the extending end of the rotating shaft (10) on the outer side of the left end plate (1a) of the stator (1); the n air distribution devices share one lug (14); the lug (14) is a smooth arc-shaped block, the inner surface of the lug is coaxially and fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the extending end of the rotating shaft (10) at the corresponding position, the arc length of the inner surface of the lug is equal to or less than 1/n of the circumferential length of the rotating shaft (10), two ends of the outer surface of the lug are respectively and smoothly connected with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (10) at the corresponding position, and the combination of the lug and the rotating shaft (10) is equivalent to an eccentric wheel;

the gas distribution device comprises a push rod (22), a positioning block (23) and a gas distribution head (15);

the gas distribution head (15) comprises a slide valve (16), a slide valve seat (18), a slide valve spring (19), a front gas pipe (20) and a rear gas pipe (21);

the slide valve seat (18) is cuboid, the interior of the slide valve seat is a cuboid inner cavity, a front air conveying pipe (20) and a rear air conveying pipe (21) are fixedly connected on a bottom plate of the slide valve seat in a penetrating mode respectively, and the inner lateral surface of the slide valve seat is fixedly connected with the outer end surface of the left end plate (1a) at the corresponding position; steam generated by the boiler is conveyed to the gas distribution head (15) through the front gas conveying pipe (20); the rear air delivery pipe (21) is communicated with one air inlet pipe (11) of n air inlet pipes (11) on the stator (1);

the slide valve (16) is a cuboid small slide block, a U-shaped pipe (17) is arranged in the slide valve seat (18), and the slide valve can freely slide in the inner cavity of the slide valve seat (18) along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (10) but cannot move along other directions;

the slide valve spring (19) is installed in the inner cavity of the slide valve seat (18), one end of the slide valve spring is contacted with the inner surface of the front end plate of the slide valve seat (18), and the other end of the slide valve spring is contacted with the front end surface of the slide valve (16);

the outer end surface of the ejector rod (22) passes through a round hole of a rear end plate of the slide valve seat (18) and then is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the slide valve (16) at the corresponding position, and the inner end surface of the ejector rod is in movable contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (10) at the position of the lug (14) along the radial direction;

the positioning block (23) enables the ejector rod (22) to move only along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (10) and not to move along other directions;

when the inner end of the ejector rod (22) is contacted with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (10), the two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe (17) on the slide valve (16) are staggered with the front air conveying pipe (20) and the rear air conveying pipe (21), and steam generated by a boiler cannot enter the rear air conveying pipe (21) through the front air conveying pipe (20);

when the inner end of the ejector rod (22) is in contact with the lug (14) on the rotating shaft (10), the lug (14) jacks the ejector rod (22), the ejector rod (22) pushes the slide valve (16) to move forwards, two side pipes of a U-shaped pipe (17) on the slide valve (16) are respectively communicated with the front air conveying pipe (20) and the rear air conveying pipe (21), and steam generated by a boiler can sequentially pass through the front air conveying pipe (20), the U-shaped pipe (17), the rear air conveying pipe (21) and the corresponding steam inlet pipe (11) and enters the initial section air groove (4a) of the corresponding air groove (4);

the n ejector rods (22) on the n air distribution devices are uniformly distributed around the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (10), the inner end surfaces of the n ejector rods are respectively in movable contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (10) where the convex block (14) is located, and the included angle between every two adjacent ejector rods (22) is 360/n degrees;

the rotating wheel (5) and the rotating shaft (10) form a whole, when any one sliding block (8) on the rotating wheel (5) rotates to an initial section air groove (4a) of a corresponding air groove (4) in the process of rotating around an axis in a clockwise direction in the rotating wheel cavity (3) on the stator (1), the sliding block (8) automatically performs centrifugal motion, the outer end of the sliding block (8) automatically extends into the initial section air groove (4a), and the outer end face of the sliding block (8) is in close movable contact with the groove bottom face of the initial section air groove (4 a); meanwhile, an upper ejector rod (22) of one of the n air distribution devices is jacked by the lug (14), a sliding valve (16) on the air distribution device moves forwards, pipes on two sides of a U-shaped pipe (17) on the sliding valve (16) are respectively communicated with a front air pipe (20) and a rear air pipe (21) on the sliding valve, steam generated by a boiler sequentially passes through the front air pipe (20), the U-shaped pipe (17), the rear air pipe (21) and an air inlet pipe (11) connected with the initial section air groove (4a) and enters the initial section air groove (4a) to push the sliding block (8) to do work, and the internal energy of the steam is converted into mechanical energy of the rotating shaft (10) and the rotating wheel (5); when the outer end of the sliding block (8) rotates to the middle section air groove (4b) of the air groove (4), the ejector rod (22) is separated from the bump (14), the slide valve (16) moves backwards under the pushing of the corresponding slide valve spring (19), the two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe (17) respectively leave the front air pipe (20) and the rear air pipe (21), the steam generated by the boiler does not enter the air groove (4), the steam originally entering the air groove (4) continues to expand to do work, and the internal energy of the steam continues to be converted into the mechanical energy of the rotating shaft (10) and the rotating wheel (5); when the outer end of the slide block (8) leaves the tail section air groove (4c) from the tail end of the tail section air groove (4c) of the air groove (4), the slide block is extruded by the cavity wall of the runner cavity (3) and retracts into the corresponding slide block cavity (7); in the process that the outer end of the sliding block (8) continues to move along the cavity wall of the runner cavity (3), lubricating oil flowing from a lubricating oil pipe (13) near the tail section air groove (4c) is coated on the outer end face of the sliding block (8), which is contacted with the outer end face of the sliding block, on the cavity wall of the runner cavity (3) and on the groove bottom face of the air groove (4); lubricating oil provided by k-n lubricating oil pipes (13) dispersedly installed on the stator (1) without the air grooves (4) passes plays a role of sealing, and prevents steam entering the n air grooves (4) on the stator (1) from leaking through a gap between the outer circumferential surface of the runner (5) and the wall of the runner cavity (3);

the steam engine without the piston cylinder and the connecting rod is not provided with a piston, a cylinder, a connecting rod, a crankshaft and a traction rod of the traditional steam engine, so that the structure is greatly simplified; the energy consumption of the traditional steam engine for overcoming the friction force to do work due to the reciprocating motion of the piston is eliminated, the energy consumption of the traditional steam engine for overcoming the friction force between the connecting rod and the crankshaft to do work is eliminated, and the heat efficiency is greatly improved; the direct drive of the rotating wheel (5) and the rotating shaft (10) replaces the indirect drive of the traditional steam engine to the flywheel and the crankshaft, and the volume is greatly reduced; the piston is not arranged, the increase of the rotating speed of the reciprocating piston limited by inertia does not exist naturally, and the larger rotating speed can be obtained; the working process is continuous and the operation is stable.

2. The steam engine without a piston cylinder connecting rod of claim 1, wherein:

the material from which the stator (1) and the runner (5) are made has a coefficient of expansion that satisfies:

when the temperature rises, the increase of the inner diameter of the runner cavity (3) on the stator (1) is equal to the increase of the outer diameter of the runner (5);

when the temperature is reduced, the reduction of the inner diameter of the runner cavity (3) on the stator (1) is equal to the reduction of the outer diameter of the runner (5).

3. The steam engine without a piston cylinder connecting rod of claim 1, wherein:

the coefficient of expansion of the material from which the slider (8) and the runner (5) are made must be such that:

when the temperature rises, any one sliding block (8) can still freely slide in the radial direction in the corresponding sliding block cavity (7) on the rotating wheel (5);

when the temperature is reduced, any slide block (8) can still freely slide in the radial direction in the corresponding slide block cavity (7) on the rotating wheel (5).

4. The steam engine without a piston cylinder connecting rod of claim 1, wherein:

in the process that steam entering the air tank (4) expands to do work on the corresponding sliding block (8), the temperature of the steam is reduced, and the pressure is reduced to form waste gas; when the slide block (8) rotates to the tail end of the tail section air groove (4c) of the air groove (4), the pressure of the waste gas is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

Background

The invention of the steam engine plays an important role in promoting the development of the mechanical industry and even the society. For over three hundred years, a plurality of technologists continuously improve the steam engine, and the heat efficiency is improved from 3 percent to more than 20 percent.

The steam engine needs the boiler to generate steam to work. The boiler is not critical to fuel, and the poor fuel can also generate steam, which is the first unique advantage of the steam engine.

The nuclear energy can not be directly converted into mechanical energy but can only be directly converted into internal energy, and the nuclear reaction enables water to generate steam to drive a steam engine to generate electricity, which is insufficient for other power machines. This is a second unique advantage of the steam engine.

The steam engine can also operate at a lower pressure, which is a third unique advantage of the steam engine.

The steam engine has the following disadvantages.

First, the boiler is heavy and bulky.

Secondly, the piston and the cylinder, the connecting rod and the crank have friction, and the heat efficiency is difficult to improve.

Thirdly, the piston reciprocates, and the inertia limits the rotating speed of the rotating shaft and the flywheel to be increased.

Fourthly, the piston reciprocates, the direction of the speed is constantly changed, the size of the speed is constantly changed, the working process is discontinuous, and the vibration of the machine body is large.

Due to the defects of the steam engine, the steam engine is in a fading state currently.

The first drawback is that heavy, bulky boilers are currently difficult to replace with light devices, but if the steam engine is used to drive a machine located on the ground or a vehicle of great mass, the effect is not great and acceptable. As for the other three drawbacks, if they can be overcome, the steam engine may get new, after all, having the three unique advantages mentioned above.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a steam engine without a piston cylinder connecting rod, which has the advantages of simplified structure, improved thermal efficiency, improved rotating speed, continuous working process, stable operation and small volume compared with the traditional steam engine.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a steam engine without piston cylinder connecting rod is composed of stator, rotary wheel, rotary shaft and steam distributor.

The stator is cuboid, is fixedly installed on the base, is internally provided with a horizontal cylindrical rotating wheel cavity, the left end and the right end of the stator are respectively provided with an end hole, and the axis of the end hole is superposed with the axis of the rotating wheel cavity.

N air grooves are formed in the cavity wall of the rotating wheel cavity and are uniformly distributed along the axial direction; and n is an integer equal to or greater than 1.

Each air groove has a rectangular longitudinal section, surrounds more than half of the runner cavity, is communicated with the runner cavity, and is sequentially divided into an initial section air groove, a middle section air groove and a tail section air groove in a clockwise way; the distance between the groove bottom of the initial section gas groove and the axis of the rotating wheel cavity is continuously and gradually increased along the clockwise direction; the distance between the groove bottom of the tail section gas groove and the axis of the rotating wheel cavity is continuously and gradually reduced along the clockwise direction; the distance between the bottom of the middle section gas groove and the axis of the runner cavity is kept unchanged along the clockwise direction, the initial end of the middle section gas groove is smoothly connected with the tail end of the initial section gas groove, and the tail end of the middle section gas groove is smoothly connected with the initial end of the tail section gas groove; the starting ends of the initial section air grooves on the n air grooves are positioned on the same straight line parallel to the axis of the runner cavity.

The stator is provided with n air inlet pipes, n exhaust pipes and k lubricating oil pipes, wherein k is an integer larger than n.

The n air inlet pipes are respectively and fixedly arranged on the stator near the n air groove initial section air grooves, and the inner ends of the n air inlet pipes are respectively communicated with the initial ends of the n air groove initial section air grooves.

The n exhaust pipes are respectively and fixedly arranged on the stator near the tail section gas grooves of the n gas grooves, the inner ends of the n exhaust pipes are respectively communicated with the tail ends of the tail section gas grooves of the n gas grooves, and the outer ends of the n exhaust pipes are communicated with the atmosphere.

N lubricating oil pipes in the k lubricating oil pipes are respectively and fixedly arranged on the stator near the air grooves at the tail sections of the n air grooves, the inner ends of the lubricating oil pipes are respectively close to the tail ends of the air grooves at the tail sections of the n air grooves and respectively extend to the cavity walls of the runner cavities at corresponding positions; the other k-n lubricating oil pipes are dispersedly arranged on the stator without the air grooves and respectively extend to the cavity wall of the runner cavity at the corresponding position; the outer ends of the k lubricating oil pipes are fixedly connected with a lubricating oil tank, and lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank can automatically enter the k lubricating oil pipes.

The rotating wheel is cylindrical, is coaxially arranged in a rotating wheel cavity of the stator, has the axial length equal to or less than that of the rotating wheel cavity, has the outer diameter less than but close to the inner diameter of the rotating wheel cavity, is provided with an axial shaft hole, has the axis coincident with that of the shaft hole, and is also provided with n radial sliding block cavities; the n sliding block cavities are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and respectively correspond to the axial positions of the n air grooves on the stator; in the n sliding block cavities, the axes of two adjacent sliding block cavities are staggered, and the included angle of the projection of the axes of the two sliding block cavities on the plane vertical to the axis of the rotating wheel is equal to 360/n degrees.

The cross section of any one slide block cavity is rectangular, the axial width of the slide block cavity relative to the rotating wheel is equal to the longitudinal width of the air groove, the cavity bottom of the slide block cavity is close to the shaft hole of the rotating wheel, and the outer end of the slide block cavity is opened on the circumferential surface of the rotating wheel at the corresponding position.

A slide block and a slide block spring are arranged in any one slide block cavity, and the inner end of the slide block spring is contacted with the cavity bottom of the slide block cavity; the slide block is a cuboid block, the shape of the cross section of the slide block is the same as that of the cross section of the slide block cavity, the area of the cross section of the slide block is smaller than but close to that of the cross section of the slide block cavity, the radial length of the slide block is smaller than the radial depth of the slide block cavity, the inner end surface of the slide block is contacted with the outer end of the slide block spring, and the outer end of the slide block spring can automatically and rapidly extend out of the slide block cavity under the action of the elastic force of the slide block spring under the condition that the outer end of the slide block spring is not blocked.

The rotating shaft is inserted into the shaft hole of the rotating wheel, is fixedly connected with the rotating wheel into a whole, the axis of the rotating shaft is superposed with the axis of the rotating wheel, two ends of the rotating shaft respectively extend out of two ends of the rotating wheel, the two extended ends of the rotating shaft are respectively installed in two end holes at the left end and the right end of the stator, the axis of the rotating shaft is superposed with the axis of a rotating wheel cavity on the stator, and the rotating shaft can freely rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft but cannot move along the axial direction.

The n air distribution devices are uniformly distributed around the extending end of the rotating shaft on the outer side of the left end plate of the stator; the n air distribution devices share one lug; the lug is a smooth arc-shaped block, the inner surface of the lug is coaxially and fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the extending end of the rotating shaft at the corresponding position, the arc length of the inner surface of the lug is equal to or less than 1/n of the circumference of the rotating shaft, two ends of the outer surface of the lug are respectively and smoothly connected with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft at the corresponding position, and the assembly of the lug and the rotating shaft is equivalent to an eccentric wheel.

The gas distribution device comprises a push rod, a positioning block and a gas distribution head.

The gas distribution head comprises a slide valve, a slide valve seat, a slide valve spring, a front gas pipe and a rear gas pipe.

The slide valve seat is cuboid, the interior of the slide valve seat is a cuboid inner cavity, a front gas pipe and a rear gas pipe are fixedly connected on a bottom plate of the slide valve seat in a penetrating way respectively, and the inner lateral surface of the slide valve seat is fixedly connected with the outer end surface of the left end plate at the corresponding position; steam generated by the boiler is conveyed to the gas distribution head through the front gas conveying pipe; the rear air delivery pipe is communicated with one of the n air inlet pipes on the stator.

The slide valve is a cuboid small slide block, a U-shaped pipe is arranged in the slide valve seat, the U-shaped pipe is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the slide valve seat, and the U-shaped pipe can freely slide in the inner cavity of the slide valve seat along the radial direction of the rotating shaft but cannot move along other directions.

The slide valve spring is installed in the inner cavity of the slide valve seat, one end of the slide valve spring is contacted with the inner surface of the front end plate of the slide valve seat, and the other end of the slide valve spring is contacted with the front end surface of the slide valve.

The outer end surface of the ejector rod is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the slide valve at the corresponding position after passing through the round hole of the rear end plate of the slide valve seat, and the inner end surface of the ejector rod is in movable contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft at the position of the lug along the radial direction.

The positioning block enables the ejector rod to move only along the radial direction of the rotating shaft and cannot move along other directions.

When the inner end of the ejector rod contacts with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, the two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe on the sliding valve are staggered with the front gas pipe and the rear gas pipe, and steam generated by the boiler cannot enter the rear gas pipe through the front gas pipe.

When the inner end of the ejector rod is contacted with the lug on the rotating shaft, the lug jacks the ejector rod, the ejector rod pushes the slide valve to move forwards, the two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe on the slide valve are respectively communicated with the front gas pipe and the rear gas pipe, and steam generated by the boiler can sequentially pass through the front gas pipe, the U-shaped pipe, the rear gas pipe and the corresponding steam inlet pipe and enters the initial section gas groove of the corresponding gas groove.

The n ejector rods on the n air distribution devices are uniformly distributed around the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, the inner end surfaces of the n ejector rods are respectively in movable contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft at the position of the lug, and the included angle between every two adjacent ejector rods is 360/n degrees.

When any slide block on the rotating wheel rotates to the initial section air groove of the corresponding air groove in the process of rotating around the axis in the clockwise direction in the rotating wheel cavity on the stator, the slide block automatically performs centrifugal motion, the outer end of the slide block automatically extends into the initial section air groove, and the outer end surface of the slide block is in close movable contact with the groove bottom surface of the initial section air groove; meanwhile, an ejector rod of one of the n air distribution devices is jacked by the lug, a sliding valve on the air distribution device moves forwards, pipes on two sides of a U-shaped pipe on the sliding valve are respectively communicated with a front air conveying pipe and a rear air conveying pipe on the sliding valve, steam generated by a boiler sequentially passes through the front air conveying pipe, the U-shaped pipe, the rear air conveying pipe and an air inlet pipe connected with the initial section air groove and enters the initial section air groove to push the sliding block to do work, and the internal energy of the steam is converted into mechanical energy of the rotating shaft and the rotating wheel; when the outer end of the sliding block rotates to the middle section air groove of the air groove, the ejector rod is separated from the protruding block, the sliding valve moves backwards under the pushing of a corresponding sliding valve spring, the two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe respectively leave the front air conveying pipe and the rear air conveying pipe, steam generated by the boiler does not enter the air groove any more, the steam originally entering the air groove continues to expand to do work, and the internal energy of the steam continues to be converted into mechanical energy of the rotating shaft and the rotating wheel; when the outer end of the slide block leaves the tail section air groove from the tail end of the tail section air groove of the air groove, the outer end of the slide block is extruded by the cavity wall of the rotating wheel cavity and retracts into the corresponding slide block cavity; when the outer end of the sliding block continues to move along the cavity wall of the rotating wheel cavity, the lubricating oil flowing from the lubricating oil pipe near the tail section air groove is coated on the cavity wall of the rotating wheel cavity and the groove bottom surface of the air groove, which are contacted with the outer end surface of the sliding block; the lubricating oil supplied from the k-n lubricating oil pipes dispersedly installed on the stator without the passage of the air grooves serves as a seal to prevent the steam entering the n air grooves on the stator from leaking through the gap between the outer circumferential surface of the runner and the wall of the cavity of the runner.

The steam engine without the piston cylinder and the connecting rod is not provided with a piston, a cylinder, a connecting rod, a crankshaft and a traction rod of the traditional steam engine, so that the structure is greatly simplified; the energy consumption of the traditional steam engine for overcoming the friction force to do work due to the reciprocating motion of the piston is eliminated, the energy consumption of the traditional steam engine for overcoming the friction force between the connecting rod and the crankshaft to do work is eliminated, and the heat efficiency is greatly improved; the direct drive of the rotating wheel and the rotating shaft replaces the indirect drive of the traditional steam engine to the flywheel and the crankshaft, so that the volume is greatly reduced; the piston is not arranged, the increase of the rotating speed of the reciprocating piston limited by inertia does not exist naturally, and the larger rotating speed can be obtained; the working process is continuous and the operation is stable.

In order to eliminate the hidden trouble that the steam engine without the piston cylinder connecting rod can not work normally due to expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold, the expansion coefficients of the materials for manufacturing the stator and the rotating wheel need to meet the following requirements:

when the temperature rises, the inner diameter of the rotor cavity on the stator is increased to be equal to the outer diameter of the rotor.

When the temperature is reduced, the reduction of the inner diameter of the rotor cavity on the stator is equal to the reduction of the outer diameter of the rotor.

In order to eliminate the hidden danger that the sliding block is blocked due to expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold, the expansion coefficients of the materials for manufacturing the sliding block and the rotating wheel need to meet the following requirements:

when the temperature rises, any one slide block can still freely slide in the radial direction in the corresponding slide block cavity on the rotating wheel.

When the temperature is reduced, any one slide block can still freely slide in the radial direction in the corresponding slide block cavity on the rotating wheel.

In the process that the steam entering the air groove expands to do work on the corresponding sliding block, the temperature of the steam is reduced, and the pressure is reduced to form waste gas; to improve the thermal efficiency, the pressure of the exhaust gas is equal to the atmospheric pressure when the slider is rotated to the end of the last stage of the gas tank.

After adopting such structure, because do not have piston, cylinder, connecting rod, bent axle and traction lever, compare traditional steam engine, the structure is simplified greatly, cost greatly reduced.

After the structure is adopted, because the energy consumption of overcoming the friction force to do work due to the reciprocating motion of the piston is avoided, and because the energy consumption of overcoming the friction force to do work of the connecting rod and the crankshaft is not avoided, compared with the traditional steam engine, the heat efficiency is greatly improved.

After the structure is adopted, the steam directly drives the rotating wheel and the rotating shaft, and compared with the steam of the traditional steam engine which indirectly drives the rotating wheel and the rotating shaft, the steam engine has the advantages of simplified structure, high heat efficiency and greatly reduced volume.

After the structure is adopted, the improvement of the rotating speed of the reciprocating piston limited by inertia does not exist naturally due to the fact that the piston is not arranged, and compared with a traditional steam engine, the steam engine can obtain a larger rotating speed.

After adopting such structure, because the position of n slider staggers each other on the runner, because steam in n gas tanks is along same direction drive runner and pivot, and the drive links up each other, and more traditional steam engine, vibrations are little, operates steadily.

After the structure is adopted, when any sliding block rotates to the tail end of the tail section gas tank of the gas tank, the pressure of waste gas is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the internal energy of steam is fully utilized, and the heat efficiency is further improved.

After adopting such a structure, the lubricating oil provided by the k-n lubricating oil pipes dispersedly arranged on the stator without the air grooves passes through plays a sealing role, thereby solving the technical problem that the steam entering the n air grooves on the stator leaks through the clearance between the outer circumferential surface of the rotating wheel and the cavity wall of the rotating wheel cavity.

After the structure is adopted, the invention carries out the innovation of removing the fetus and replacing bones on the traditional steam engine, so that the steam engine obtains new life, the fading situation of the traditional steam engine can be twisted, and the traditional steam engine can be eliminated by the invention.

With such a structure, the present invention may be a pioneering and significant invention.

Drawings

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of a steam engine without a piston cylinder connecting rod, but the steam distribution device is not shown.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1, but the rotor and shaft are not shown.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1, but with the slider extending into the corresponding air slot.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1, but without the slider in the corresponding air slot.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a transverse vertical section of the air distribution device.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the steam engine without the piston cylinder connecting rod comprises a stator 1, a rotating wheel 5, a rotating shaft 10 and a steam distribution device.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the stator 1 is rectangular, is fixedly mounted on the machine base, and has a horizontal cylindrical rotor cavity 3 inside, and has end holes 2 at the left and right ends, respectively, and the axis of the end hole 2 coincides with the axis of the rotor cavity 3.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wall of the rotor cavity 3 has n air grooves 4, and the n air grooves 4 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction. And n is an integer equal to or greater than 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, each air groove 4 has a rectangular longitudinal cross section, surrounds more than half of the rotor chamber 3, communicates with the rotor chamber 3, and is divided into a start section air groove 4a, a middle section air groove 4b, and a last section air groove 4c in the clockwise direction. The distance between the groove bottom of the initial segment gas groove 4a and the axis of the rotor cavity 3 is continuously and gradually increased along the clockwise direction. The distance between the bottom of the tail gas groove 4c and the axis of the rotor cavity 3 is continuously and gradually reduced along the clockwise direction. The distance between the bottom of the middle section air groove 4b and the axis of the runner cavity 3 is kept constant along the clockwise direction, the initial end is smoothly connected with the tail end of the initial section air groove 4a, and the tail end is smoothly connected with the initial end of the tail section air groove 4 c. The beginning ends of the initial segment air grooves 4a on the n air grooves 4 are positioned on the same straight line parallel to the axis of the rotor cavity 3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, n air inlet pipes 11, n air outlet pipes 12, and k lubricating oil pipes 13 are mounted on the stator 1, where k is an integer greater than n.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the n intake pipes 11 are respectively fixedly mounted on the stator 1 near the initial stage gas grooves 4a of the n gas grooves 4, and the inner ends thereof are respectively communicated with the initial ends of the initial stage gas grooves 4a of the n gas grooves 4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the n exhaust pipes 12 are fixedly mounted on the stator 1 near the last gas grooves 4c of the n gas grooves 4, respectively, and have inner ends respectively communicated with the ends of the last gas grooves 4c of the n gas grooves 4, and outer ends respectively communicated with the atmosphere.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, n lubrication oil pipes 13 of the k lubrication oil pipes 13 are respectively fixedly installed on the stator 1 near the end section air grooves 4c of the n air grooves 4, and the inner ends thereof are respectively close to the ends of the end section air grooves 4c of the n air grooves 4 and respectively extend to the cavity wall of the rotor cavity 3 at the corresponding position. And the other k-n lubricating oil pipes 13 are dispersedly arranged on the stator 1 without the air grooves 4 and respectively extend to the cavity wall of the rotor cavity 3 at corresponding positions. The outer ends of the k lubricating oil pipes 13 are fixedly connected with a lubricating oil tank, and lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank can automatically enter the k lubricating oil pipes 13.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the rotor 5, which is cylindrical, is coaxially installed in the rotor cavity 3 of the stator 1, has an axial length equal to or less than the axial length of the rotor cavity 3, has an outer diameter smaller than but close to the inner diameter of the rotor cavity 3, is provided with an axial shaft hole 6, has an axis coinciding with the axis of the shaft hole 6, and is provided with n radial slider cavities 7. The n slider cavities 7 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and respectively correspond to the axial positions of the n air slots 4 on the stator 1. In the n slide block cavities 7, the axes of two adjacent slide block cavities 7 are staggered, and the projection angle of the axes of the two slide block cavities 7 on a plane vertical to the axis of the rotating wheel 5 is equal to 360/n degrees.

As shown in fig. 1, any one of the slider cavities 7, which has a rectangular cross section and an axial width relative to the rotor 5 equal to the longitudinal width of the air groove 4, has a cavity bottom close to the axial hole 6 of the rotor 5 and an outer end opening on the circumferential surface of the rotor 5 at a corresponding position.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, a slider 8 and a slider spring 9 are installed in any one of the slider cavities 7, and the inner end of the slider spring 9 is in contact with the cavity bottom of the slider cavity 7. The slide block 8 is a cuboid block, the shape of the cross section of the slide block is the same as that of the cross section of the slide block cavity 7, the area of the cross section of the slide block is smaller than but close to that of the cross section of the slide block cavity 7, the radial length of the slide block is smaller than the radial depth of the slide block cavity 7, the inner end surface of the slide block 8 is contacted with the outer end of the slide block spring 9, and the outer end of the slide block 8 can automatically and rapidly extend out of the slide block cavity 7 under the action of the elastic force of the slide block spring 9 under the condition that the outer end of the slide block is not blocked.

As shown in fig. 1, the rotating shaft 10, which is inserted into the shaft hole 6 of the rotating wheel 5, is fixedly connected with the rotating wheel 5 into a whole, and has an axis coinciding with the axis of the rotating wheel 5, two ends of the rotating shaft respectively extend out from two ends of the rotating wheel 5, two extended ends of the rotating shaft are respectively installed in two end holes 2 at the left and right ends of the stator 1, and an axis coinciding with the axis of the rotating wheel cavity 3 on the stator 1, and the rotating shaft can freely rotate around the axis but cannot move along the axial direction.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, n air distribution devices are uniformly distributed around the protruding end of the rotating shaft 10 outside the left end plate 1a of the stator 1. These n air distribution devices share one projection 14. The convex block 14 is a smooth arc-shaped block, the inner surface of the convex block is coaxially and fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the extending end of the rotating shaft 10 at the corresponding position, the arc length of the inner surface is equal to or less than 1/n of the circumference length of the rotating shaft 10, the two ends of the outer surface of the convex block are respectively and smoothly connected with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 10 at the corresponding position, and the combination of the convex block and the rotating shaft 10 is equivalent to an eccentric wheel.

As shown in fig. 5, the gas distribution device includes a top rod 22, a positioning block 23 and a gas distribution head 15.

As shown in FIG. 5, the air distribution head 15 comprises a slide valve 16, a slide valve seat 18, a slide valve spring 19, a front air delivery pipe 20 and a rear air delivery pipe 21.

As shown in fig. 5, the slide valve seat 18 is rectangular, and has a rectangular inner cavity therein, and a front air duct 20 and a rear air duct 21 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate, respectively, and the inner side surface thereof is fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the left end plate 1a at the corresponding position. The steam generated by the boiler is transmitted to the air distribution head 15 through the front air transmission pipe 20. The rear air pipe 21 is communicated with one air inlet pipe 11 of the n air inlet pipes 11 on the stator 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the slide valve 16, which is a small rectangular parallelepiped slider, has a U-shaped pipe 17 inside, which is movably installed in the inner cavity of the slide valve seat 18, and which can freely slide in the inner cavity of the slide valve seat 18 in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 10, but cannot move in other directions.

As shown in fig. 5, the spool spring 19 is installed in the inner cavity of the spool seat 18, and has one end in contact with the inner surface of the front end plate of the spool seat 18 and the other end in contact with the front end surface of the spool 16.

As shown in fig. 5, the outer end surface of the plunger 22 passes through the circular hole of the rear end plate of the spool seat 18 and is fixedly connected to the rear end surface of the spool 16 at the corresponding position, and the inner end surface thereof is radially and movably contacted with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 10 at the position of the projection 14.

As shown in fig. 5, the positioning block 23 makes the top rod 22 only move along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 10, but not move along other directions.

As shown in fig. 5, when the inner end of the rod 22 contacts the outer circumferential surface of the shaft 10, the two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe 17 on the slide valve 16 are staggered with the front air pipe 20 and the rear air pipe 21, and the steam generated by the boiler cannot enter the rear air pipe 21 through the front air pipe 20.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, when the inner end of the ejector rod 22 contacts with the projection 14 on the rotating shaft 10, the projection 14 jacks the ejector rod 22, the ejector rod 22 pushes the slide valve 16 to move forward, two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe 17 on the slide valve 16 are respectively communicated with the front air pipe 20 and the rear air pipe 21, and steam generated by the boiler can sequentially pass through the front air pipe 20, the U-shaped pipe 17, the rear air pipe 21 and the corresponding steam inlet pipe 11 and enter the initial section air groove 4a of the corresponding air groove 4.

As shown in fig. 5, the n push rods 22 on the n air distribution devices are uniformly distributed around the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 10, the inner end surfaces of the n push rods are respectively in movable contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 10 where the bump 14 is located, and the included angle between two adjacent push rods 22 is 360/n degrees.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, in the process of rotating the rotating wheel 5 and the rotating shaft 10 in the clockwise direction around the axis in the rotating wheel cavity 3 on the stator 1, when any one of the sliders 8 on the rotating wheel 5 rotates to the initial section air groove 4a of the corresponding air groove 4, the slider 8 automatically performs centrifugal motion, the outer end of the slider 8 automatically extends into the initial section air groove 4a, and the outer end surface of the slider 8 is in close movable contact with the groove bottom surface of the initial section air groove 4 a. Meanwhile, in one of the n air distribution devices, the upper ejector rod 22 of the n air distribution device is jacked by the lug 14, the slide valve 16 on the n air distribution device moves forwards, the two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe 17 on the slide valve 16 are respectively communicated with the front air pipe 20 and the rear air pipe 21 on the U-shaped pipe, steam generated by the boiler sequentially passes through the front air pipe 20, the U-shaped pipe 17, the rear air pipe 21 and the air inlet pipe 11 connected with the initial section air groove 4a and enters the initial section air groove 4a to push the sliding block 8 to do work, and the internal energy of the steam is converted into the mechanical energy of the rotating shaft 10 and the rotating wheel 5. When the outer end of the sliding block 8 rotates to the middle section air groove 4b of the air groove 4, the ejector rod 22 is separated from the bump 14, the sliding valve 16 moves backwards under the pushing of the corresponding sliding valve spring 19, the two side pipes of the U-shaped pipe 17 respectively leave the front air pipe 20 and the rear air pipe 21, the steam generated by the boiler does not enter the air groove 4 any more, the steam originally entering the air groove 4 continues to expand to do work, and the internal energy of the steam continues to be converted into the mechanical energy of the rotating shaft 10 and the rotating wheel 5. When the outer end of the slide block 8 leaves the tail section air groove 4c from the tail end of the tail section air groove 4c of the air groove 4, the slide block is pressed by the cavity wall of the runner cavity 3 and retracts into the corresponding slide block cavity 7. And during the process that the outer end of the sliding block 8 continues to move along the cavity wall of the wheel cavity 3, the lubricating oil flowing from the lubricating oil pipe 13 near the tail section air groove 4c is coated on the cavity wall of the wheel cavity 3 and the groove bottom surface of the air groove 4 contacted by the outer end surface of the sliding block 8. The lubricating oil supplied from the k-n lubricating oil pipes 13 dispersedly installed on the stator 1 through which no gas grooves 4 pass serves as a seal to prevent the steam entering the n gas grooves 4 on the stator 1 from leaking through the gap between the outer circumferential surface of the runner 5 and the wall of the runner chamber 3.

The steam engine without the piston cylinder and the connecting rod is not provided with a piston, a cylinder, a connecting rod, a crankshaft and a traction rod of the traditional steam engine, so that the structure is greatly simplified; the energy consumption of the traditional steam engine for overcoming the friction force to do work due to the reciprocating motion of the piston is eliminated, the energy consumption of the traditional steam engine for overcoming the friction force between the connecting rod and the crankshaft to do work is eliminated, and the heat efficiency is greatly improved; the direct drive of the rotating wheel 5 and the rotating shaft 10 replaces the indirect drive of the traditional steam engine to the flywheel and the crankshaft, and the volume is greatly reduced; the piston is not arranged, the increase of the rotating speed of the reciprocating piston limited by inertia does not exist naturally, and the larger rotating speed can be obtained; the working process is continuous and the operation is stable.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to eliminate the hidden trouble that the steam engine without the piston cylinder connecting rod cannot normally work due to expansion and contraction, the expansion coefficients of the materials for manufacturing the stator 1 and the runner 5 need to satisfy:

the increase in the inner diameter of the rotor chamber 3 on the stator 1 is equal to the increase in the outer diameter of the rotor 5 at an elevated temperature.

When the temperature is reduced, the inner diameter of the rotor cavity 3 on the stator 1 is reduced to be equal to the outer diameter of the rotor 5.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to eliminate the risk that the slider 8 is stuck due to expansion and contraction, the expansion coefficients of the materials for manufacturing the slider 8 and the runner 5 should satisfy:

when the temperature rises, any one slide block 8 can still freely slide in the radial direction in the corresponding slide block cavity 7 on the rotating wheel 5.

When the temperature is reduced, any one slide block 8 can still freely slide in the radial direction in the corresponding slide block cavity 7 on the rotating wheel 5.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the process that the steam entering the air tank 4 expands and does work on the corresponding slide block 8, the temperature of the steam is reduced, and the pressure is reduced to form exhaust gas; to improve the thermal efficiency, when the slider 8 is rotated to the end of the last stage air groove 4c of the air groove 4, the pressure of the exhaust gas is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Variations that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.