1. A particle percussion drill bit, characterized by: the particle impact drill comprises a drill main body (1) which is circumferentially distributed, an ejection and suction device shell (2), a jet nozzle seat (3), a nozzle screw cap (4), a jet nozzle (5), a pipe wall screw cap (6), a pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle (7) and a drill nozzle (8); the drill bit main body (1) is arranged at the bottom of the ejection and suction device shell (2), the jet nozzle seat (3) is installed at the bottom of a flow channel of the ejection and suction device shell (2), the jet nozzle seat (3) is locked and fixed through a nozzle screw cap (4), the jet nozzle (5) is installed at the bottom of the jet nozzle seat (3), and the jet nozzle (5) is located in the liquid inlet chamber (9); the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzles (7) are arranged in flow guide holes uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the liquid inlet chamber (9) and are locked by pipe wall screw caps (6); a throat pipe (10) is arranged below the liquid inlet chamber (9), a dispersion pipe (11) is arranged below the throat pipe (10), and the drill bit nozzle (8) is arranged in a flow distribution hole below the dispersion pipe (11).

2. A particle percussion drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: the drill bit main body (1) is a 6-blade drill bit, cutting teeth are arranged on blades, two groups of drill bit nozzles (8) are arranged between the blades, the two groups of drill bit nozzles (8) respectively erode rocks in a straight crown area and rocks in an arc crown area of the center of the drill bit, each group of nozzles are uniformly distributed on a dome plane at the bottom of the jetting and sucking device shell (2), and the drill bit nozzles (8) are connected with countersunk holes in domes at the lower part of the jetting and sucking device shell (2) through threads.

3. A particle percussion drill bit according to claim 2, wherein: the blades are provided with 27 cutting teeth, each blade on one group of nonadjacent 3 blades is provided with 6 cutting teeth, and each blade on the other group of nonadjacent 3 blades is provided with 3 cutting teeth.

4. A particle percussion drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzles (7) is 4, and the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzles are installed in the flow guide holes through threads.

5. A particle percussion drill bit according to claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the throat pipe (10) is conical, and the lower part of the throat pipe is cylindrical.

Background art:

with the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration, the drilling industry advances to deeper and more complex strata, and the problems of low speed, long period, high cost and the like commonly exist in the current deep well and ultra-deep well hard stratum drilling. In deep well and ultra-deep well drilling, the drilling cost can account for more than 70% of the total cost, and the research of efficient drilling and rock breaking technology is imperative.

The emergence of jet drilling technology at the end of the 20 th century and the 40 th century is a revolution of oil drilling technology, so that the drilling speed is stepped, and in 1955, a jet combined system is adopted in the design of a drill bit, and since the jet drill bit and the hydraulic property of the drill bit are carried forward, the hydraulic parameter of the drill bit is an important factor influencing the mechanical drilling speed. In the early 2000, the particle jet impact drilling technology was proposed for the first time, and then researchers developed a series of related works, which proves that the particle jet impact rock breaking technology has significant effects.

The invention content is as follows:

in order to solve the technical problems, a particle impact drill bit is designed by combining drill bit hydraulics and particle jet impact rock breaking theory. The drill bit is suitable for deep hard strata, can improve rock breaking efficiency through particle impact, simultaneously improves well cleaning efficiency through a crown section structure and a nozzle hydraulic structure, and sucks the hollow rock debris into the drill bit through the particle shooting and sucking device so as to achieve the effect of particle rock breaking by repeated utilization. The particle impact drill bit can effectively improve the drilling speed and is suitable for the fields of petroleum engineering, mining engineering, geotechnical engineering and the like.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a particle impact drill bit comprises a drill bit main body, an ejection and suction device shell, a jet nozzle seat, a nozzle screw cap, a jet nozzle, a pipe wall screw cap, a pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle and a drill bit nozzle which are circumferentially distributed; the drill bit main body is arranged at the bottom of the jetting and sucking device shell, the jet flow nozzle seat is arranged at the bottom of a flow channel of the jetting and sucking device shell (the flow channel is positioned at the upper part of the shell), the jet flow nozzle seat is locked and fixed through a nozzle screw cap, the jet flow nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the jet flow nozzle seat, and the jet flow nozzle is positioned in the liquid inlet chamber; the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle is arranged in the flow guide holes uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the liquid inlet chamber and is locked and fixed through a pipe wall screw cap; a throat pipe is arranged below the liquid inlet chamber, a dispersion pipe is arranged below the throat pipe, and the drill bit nozzle is arranged in a flow distribution hole below the dispersion pipe.

Furthermore, the drill bit main body is a 6-blade drill bit, cutting teeth are arranged on the blades, two groups of drill bit nozzles are arranged between the blades, the two groups of drill bit nozzles respectively erode rocks in a straight line crown area and rocks in an arc crown area in the center of the drill bit, each group of nozzles are uniformly distributed on a circular top plane at the bottom of the shell of the injection and suction device, and the drill bit nozzles are connected with a countersunk hole in a dome at the lower part of the shell of the injection and suction device through threads.

Furthermore, the blades are provided with 27 cutting teeth with the diameter of 13.44mm, wherein each blade of one group of non-adjacent 3 blades is provided with 6 cutting teeth, and each blade of the other group of non-adjacent 3 blades is provided with 3 cutting teeth.

Furthermore, the number of the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzles is 4, and the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzles are installed in the flow guide holes through threads.

Further, the upper part of the throat pipe is conical, and the lower part of the throat pipe is cylindrical.

Furthermore, the casing of the injection and suction device is a male connector casing and is used for connecting a drill collar, a Venturi tube and a space for arranging the nozzle and the nozzle seat are arranged in the casing, and 4 cylindrical holes are formed in the upper part of the casing and are used for arranging the nozzle for injecting liquid into the pipe wall.

Furthermore, threads are turned inside the upper end of the casing of the jetting and sucking device and used for arranging a jet nozzle seat; the jet flow nozzle seat is provided with threads for arranging a nozzle screw cap; the annular space at the bottom of the nozzle seat is used for arranging a jet nozzle; the lower end of the shell of the jetting and sucking device is turned with two groups of 6 counter bores for arranging drill bit nozzles, and the two groups of drill bit nozzles are respectively arranged in a straight line area and an arc area of the crown part and used for eroding rocks and returning rock debris to the annular space.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a drill bit designed based on the Venturi effect and particle impact rock breaking principle is provided. The drill bit mainly breaks rock into fine rock debris through a crown section structure and returns the rock debris to an annular space efficiently by matching with a nozzle. The rock debris in the annular space reenters the drill bit under the suction of the jetting and sucking nozzles on the side face of the particle impact drill bit, forms impact particles after being mixed with the drilling fluid, and is jetted out at high speed through the drill bit nozzles, so that particle impact drilling is realized, and the drilling efficiency is improved. Its main advantage is as follows:

(1) the drill bit can take the rock debris sucked in the annular air as impact particles, so that the mechanical drilling speed is greatly improved;

(2) the drill bit can realize underground self circulation, and saves external equipment for conveying particles;

(3) the drill bit can form cracks in the rock through particle impact, so that the rock breaking efficiency is improved.

(4) The drill bit can reduce energy loss through a Venturi special structure.

(5) The drill bit can improve the rock cleaning efficiency through the crown section, the nozzle arrangement design and the cutting tooth design, so that the overall working efficiency of the drill bit is improved.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a drill bit body according to one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing of an ejector according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a jet nozzle according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a screw cap of a jet nozzle according to an embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a jet nozzle holder according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a nozzle of a drill bit according to one embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a nozzle with a liquid inlet on the wall of a tube according to an embodiment.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

example one

Referring to the figures, a particle impact drill comprises a drill body 1, a jetting and sucking device shell 2, a jet nozzle seat 3, a nozzle screw cap 4, a jet nozzle 5, a pipe wall screw cap 6, a pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle 7 and a drill nozzle 8 which are circumferentially distributed; the drill bit main body 1 is arranged at the bottom of the jetting and sucking device shell 2, the jet flow nozzle seat 3 is arranged at the bottom of a flow channel of the jetting and sucking device shell 2, the jet flow nozzle seat 3 is locked and fixed through a nozzle screw cap 4, the jet flow nozzle 5 is arranged at the bottom of the jet flow nozzle seat 3, and the jet flow nozzle 5 is positioned in the liquid inlet chamber 9; the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzles 7 are arranged in flow guide holes uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the liquid inlet chamber 9 and are locked by pipe wall screw caps 6; a throat pipe 10 is arranged below the liquid inlet chamber 9, a dispersion pipe 11 is arranged below the throat pipe 10, and the drill bit nozzle 8 is arranged in a flow distribution hole below the dispersion pipe 11; the drill bit body 1 is a 6-blade drill bit, cutting teeth are arranged on blades, two groups of drill bit nozzles 8 are arranged between the blades, the two groups of drill bit nozzles 8 respectively erode rocks in a linear crown area and rocks in an arc crown area in the center of the drill bit, each group of nozzles are uniformly distributed on a dome plane at the bottom of the jetting and sucking device shell 2, and the drill bit nozzles 8 are connected with countersunk holes in the lower dome of the jetting and sucking device shell 2 through threads; the blades are provided with 27 cutting teeth, each blade on one group of nonadjacent 3 blades is provided with 6 cutting teeth, and each blade on the other group of nonadjacent 3 blades is provided with 3 cutting teeth; the number of the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzles 7 is 4, and the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzles are installed in the flow guide holes through threads; the upper portion of the throat 10 is tapered, and the lower portion thereof is cylindrical.

As shown in figure 1, after the drilling fluid flows into the casing of the jetting and sucking device, the drilling fluid enters the jet nozzle seat through the internal flow passage of the male connector, forms high-speed jet after passing through the jet nozzle, forms a low-pressure area in the liquid inlet chamber, and sucks fluid and rock debris in the annular space from the liquid inlet nozzle on the pipe wall. The drilling fluid flowing from the drill stem and the drilling fluid sucked from the annular space are fully mixed in the liquid inlet chamber and the throat pipe and are dispersed in the dispersion pipe to form the uniform drilling fluid mixed with rock debris particles, and finally the drilling fluid is discharged through the drill bit nozzle to form particle pulse jet flow to impact rocks at the bottom of a well, so that cracks are generated in the rocks, the compaction effect is reduced, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and the mechanical drilling speed is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, the drill bit body is a 6-blade bit, 27 cutting teeth of 13.44mm are arranged on the blades, two groups of bit nozzles are arranged between the blades and respectively erode rocks in a central straight crown area and rocks in an arc crown area of the drill bit, each group of nozzles are uniformly distributed on a circular top plane at the bottom of the casing of the jetting and sucking device, and the bit nozzles are connected with a countersunk holes in a dome at the lower part of the casing of the jetting and sucking device through threads. The section structure of the drill bit main body is a shallow conical surface and a middle parabolic surface, the nose part is far away from the center of the drill bit, and the shallow conical surface is favorable for enhancing the cleaning effect and enabling rock debris to better return into the annular space, so that the efficiency of the jetting and sucking device for sucking the rock debris is improved; the medium-polished surface is suitable for common drilling modes such as motors or screws and is suitable for strata with medium hardness to hard and strong abrasiveness; the nose part is far away from the center of the drill bit, which is beneficial to providing larger tooth distribution area for the section of the crown part of the drill bit, thereby improving the impact resistance of the drill bit; the cutting teeth with the diameter of 13.44mm are adopted, the particle size of generated rock debris is small, the particle impact capacity is favorably improved, repeated rock breaking caused by embedding rock debris particles into rock cracks is prevented, meanwhile, the small-size cutting teeth are favorable for improving the abrasive property of the drill bit, the drill bit is suitable for a deep medium-hard stratum, the back inclination angle of the cutting teeth in a straight line area is set to be 15 degrees, the back inclination angle of an arc area is set to be 20 degrees, force balance tooth distribution is adopted, the rock breaking efficiency of the cutting teeth is improved, and the balance property of the drill bit is enhanced.

As shown in FIG. 3, the upper part of the casing of the injection and suction device is a male connector, the outer side of the male connector is threaded and is connected with an upper drill collar through threads. 4 cylindrical diversion holes are drilled in the upper portion of the shell of the injection device, threads are turned inside the shell and used for placing the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle and a pipe wall screw cap in threaded connection, and the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle is screwed by the pipe wall screw cap. The upper end of the inner part of the shell of the jetting and sucking device is turned with a step-shaped cylindrical hole and threads for connecting a jet flow nozzle seat, a nozzle screw cap and a jet flow nozzle, and the jet flow nozzle is seated in the jet flow nozzle seat and screwed by the nozzle screw cap. The jet nozzle and the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle are converged in the liquid inlet chamber on the inner side of the upper part of the shell of the jet device, and the high-speed jet flow sprayed by the jet nozzle can reduce the pressure of the liquid inlet chamber, so that rock debris in the annular space is sucked into the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle and then enters the particle impact drill bit. The lower part of the liquid inlet chamber is provided with a conical throat and a cylindrical throat, a dispersion pipe with gradually enlarged diameter is arranged below the throat, and the tail space of the dispersion pipe is enlarged to create a space for arranging a drill nozzle. The drilling fluid carrying the rock debris particles generates high-speed jet flow through the two groups of drill bit nozzles, the rock at the bottom of the well is impacted, the rock is promoted to crack, the rock debris is discharged into the annular space, the pipe wall liquid inlet nozzle 7 absorbs a part of the annular drilling fluid, and therefore a cycle is completed.

The self-suction particle impact generator is applied to the inside of the drill bit and is matched with the optimized drill bit structure to generate high-speed fluid with rock debris particles, so that the impact on rocks is enhanced, the compaction effect is reduced, the rock debris cleaning and utilization rate is enhanced, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and the mechanical drilling speed is improved.

In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.