1. An integrated system for percolating and taking water from natural river bed is characterized by being an integrated water taking system formed by randomly integrating at least two water taking methods of pipe well water taking, large-mouth well water taking, radiation well water taking, seepage channel water taking, sinking type artificial filter water taking and reverse seepage water taking.

2. The integrated natural riverbed infiltration water intake system according to claim 1, which comprises a water collecting vertical shaft, a water intake drill hole, a connecting drill hole, a water delivery channel, a control system and a back flushing system;

and at least two of a water taking chamber, a pipe well, a large-mouth well, a radiation well, a sinking type artificial filter and a seepage channel;

the water taking chamber, the pipe well, the large-mouth well, the radiation well, the sunken artificial filter and the infiltration channel are water taking structures, the water taking structures are communicated with the water collecting vertical shaft through a water conveying channel and/or connecting drill holes, and the water taking structures are also connected through the water conveying channel and/or the connecting drill holes.

3. The natural riverbed infiltration water intake integrated system according to claim 2, wherein different types of water intake structures are connected in series and/or in parallel and then connected with the water collecting vertical shaft, and the same type of water intake structures are connected in series and/or in parallel and then connected with the water collecting vertical shaft;

and/or the water delivery channel comprises a pipe, a tubular filter or an infiltration channel without holes on the whole body.

4. The natural riverbed infiltration water intake integrated system according to claim 2, wherein a control system and a backflushing system are arranged in the radiation well and/or the water collecting vertical shaft, the backflushing system provides pressure water or compressed air, and the pressure water is formed after being pressurized by a water pump or forms water pressure by self weight;

when the water taking chamber and/or the radiation well are arranged, percolation water taking pipes which are connected with the water taking chamber/the radiation well and extend into the aquifer are provided with water taking valves, the water taking valves are arranged at the water outlet ends of the percolation water taking pipes, all or part of the percolation water taking pipes are connected with backwash pipes connected with a backwash system, the percolation water taking pipes connected with the backwash pipes are simultaneously provided with the water taking valves and the backwash valves, and the backwash system provides pressure water or compressed air for the backwash pipes;

when the sinking type artificial filter is arranged, the backflushing system is connected with a backflushing pipe which extends into the sinking type artificial filter and backflushes the sinking type artificial filter, a backflushing valve is arranged on the backflushing pipe, and the backflushing system provides pressure water or compressed air for the backflushing pipe;

when the infiltration canal is arranged, a water taking valve is arranged on the infiltration canal, the backflushing system is connected with a backflushing pipe communicated with the infiltration canal, the backflushing pipe is provided with a backflushing valve, and the backflushing system provides pressure water or compressed air for the backflushing pipe.

5. The integrated system for water intake by natural riverbed infiltration according to claim 4, wherein the tube well, the large-mouth well and the radiation well are water intake wells, a first turbidity meter for detecting the turbidity of water in the wells and a water level meter for detecting the water level in the wells are arranged in the water intake wells and/or the water collecting vertical wells, and the signal output ends of the first turbidity meter and the water level meter are connected with a remote monitoring device.

6. The integrated system for water intake by natural riverbed infiltration according to claim 5, wherein a second turbidity meter for detecting the turbidity of water quality is arranged on an infiltration intake pipe extending into an aquifer and connected with the water intake chamber and/or the radiation well and/or the sunken artificial filter and/or the water collecting vertical shaft, a second turbidity meter for detecting the turbidity of water quality is also arranged on the infiltration channel, and the signal output end of the second turbidity meter is connected with a remote monitoring device.

7. The integrated natural riverbed filtration water intake system according to claim 6, further comprising a controller connected to the remote monitoring device;

the first group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the first turbidity meter, the second group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the water level meter, and the third group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the second turbidity meter;

the first group of control ends of the controller are respectively and sequentially electrically connected with the water taking valve to independently or group control the water taking valve, and the second group of control ends of the controller are respectively and sequentially electrically connected with the backflushing valve to independently or group control the backflushing valve.

8. The integrated system for water intake by natural riverbed percolation according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the end of the water transport channel connected to the water intake structure is provided with the water intake valve;

and/or the sunken artificial filter is arranged in the riverbed or below a drainage ditch dug out by an overband on the side of the riverway.

9. The integrated system for natural river bed infiltration water intake according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the infiltration canals are formed by connecting a plurality of tubular filters, and the infiltration canals are distributed in the river bed along a straight line or in a curved manner;

when the infiltration channels are distributed in a riverbed in a bending way, the two adjacent tubular filters are flexibly connected by adopting corrugated pipes, and two ends of each corrugated pipe are fixedly connected with the two tubular filters respectively;

still be equipped with the spacing unit who prevents bellows overstretching deformation between two adjacent tubular filter, spacing unit is including establishing respectively two fixed block on the tubular filter inner wall all has the perforation that runs through the setting on the fixed block, has inserted a connecting rod and connecting rod jointly in the perforation of two fixed blocks and can be in the activity of perforating, and the both ends of connecting rod are located outside two fixed blocks respectively, and the connecting rod is located and is connected with the locating part that prevents the connecting rod and break away from the fixed block on the tip outside the fixed block, has certain distance between locating part and the fixed block.

10. A design method of a natural riverbed infiltration water taking integrated system is characterized in that according to landform, hydrology, geological conditions and actual construction conditions on site, pipe wells are selected for taking water, a large-mouth well is selected for taking water, a radiation well is selected for taking water, an infiltration canal is selected for taking water, a sunk artificial filter is selected for taking water, and reverse infiltration water taking is performed:

in the river section with thicker natural river bed sand gravel layer, when bedrock is stable and cracks do not develop, or the river is navigated, and the water depth and other factors are inconvenient for surface construction, a tube well, a large-opening well, a radiation well or a reverse percolation water taking process can be adopted to take water;

in the river section with a natural river bed sand gravel layer with a thin thickness, the surface water quality of the river is better, the depth of the river is relatively small, and when the river channel or the side bank is convenient for surface construction, water can be taken by adopting a seepage channel;

in the section with very thin sand gravel layer or the section without sand gravel layer, the sinking artificial filter can be used to take water.

Background

The fresh water resources on the earth mainly comprise surface water, underground water and subsurface water positioned at an interaction interface of the surface water and the underground water.

According to statistics, the total amount of water supplied in China in 2017 is 6043.40 billion cubic meters, surface water is one of important components of water resources in China, and the supply amount of the surface water in China in 2017 is 4945.50 billion cubic meters, which accounts for 81.8% of the total amount of water supplied in China; the underground water supply was 1016.70 billion cubic meters, and the supply was 16.8%.

Surface water is divided into five types according to the use purpose and the protection target of a water area, and mainly provides head water, centralized domestic drinking water, general industrial water, recreational water which is not directly contacted with a human body and agricultural water. The surface water has the following characteristics: 1) the salt content of other surface water is low except that the salt content of the ocean is extremely high; 2) compared with underground water, the hardness is lower; 3) compared with underground water, the surface water has high content of pollutants.

At present, most domestic water comes from surface water, and although the quality of tap water is continuously improved, the quality of tap water still has many unsafe factors for various reasons. The reasons for unsafe factors in tap water are as follows:

1) the source of tap water is increasingly polluted.

2) In recent 20 years, organic pollutants in water not only contain general organic matters, but also contain some organic matters which are difficult to degrade, and the traditional water treatment equipment cannot effectively remove the organic matters which are difficult to degrade.

3) Local municipal pipe networks in some cities are old and cause secondary pollution.

4) The damage of disinfectant by-products. Any scientific technology is a double-edged sword, and has the advantages and disadvantages. The disinfectant such as chlorine for disinfecting tap water is also the same, and various organic matters remained in water are combined with the chlorine disinfectant to generate halogenated compounds, which are confirmed to be inducers of cancer, wherein the halogenated compounds mainly comprise volatile trihalomethane and non-volatile haloacetic acid, and the carcinogenic risk of the halogenated compounds is 50-100 times that of the volatile trihalomethane and non-volatile haloacetic acid. Thus, many countries have strict control over the use of chlorine and the hazard of chlorine by-products. When water is boiled in daily life, the content of disinfection byproducts in the water is increased along with the increase of the water boiling time.

5) In addition, the water source pollution caused by sudden water pollution also influences the drinking water safety of urban water supply.

The groundwater refers to water existing in rock gaps below the ground, and groundwater runoff time is long and water quality is good. However, for the exploitation of underground water, some policies are issued by the state, such as "notice of problems related to the groundwater intake permission management in urban planning area" by the department of water conservancy (water administration [1998] 334), "rules for the development and utilization protection and management of urban groundwater (Ministry of construction Commission No. 30)," and "technical rules for controlling groundwater in building and municipal engineering" issued by the Ministry of construction.

According to the policy of underground water mining, the state strictly controls underground water mining, and the following problems exist in underground water mining due to transition: 1) the groundwater level drops rapidly to form a groundwater dropping funnel. 2) Causing the ground to settle and collapse. 3) The water quantity of rivers and lakes is reduced to form disasters such as drying and the like. 4) Reducing the spring flow. The reduction of the spring flow destroys the protection of ancient buildings and cultural relics, and even leads the ancient wells and tourist attractions to lose due tourist value due to the depletion of spring water. 5) The well is exhausted. The water consumption of a single well is reduced, so that the well is scrapped, or a pump is dropped, the sand content is increased, and the equipment maintenance cost and the power consumption are increased. 6) Affecting the growth of vegetation. 7) Affecting soil and water conservation and causing soil and water loss. 8) The method can destroy the cracking, the inclination, the collapse and the burial of engineering buildings such as houses, highways, railways, bridges, water conservancy, municipal utilities, mines and the like. 9) Resulting in the death of human and livestock. 10) Deteriorating the quality of groundwater.

The river bed subsurface water is a 'third water body' except surface water and underground water, and is a shallow underground flowing water body in a natural sand-gravel layer of the river bed, and gaps are formed among sand-gravel layers, so that the sand-gravel layer can store water. The main characteristics are as follows: the submerged water in the river bed is mainly supplied by the vertical infiltration of surface water, the supply distance is short, the pressure bearing performance is realized, the flow is large, and the water quality has good fluidity in a specific three-dimensional direction. The water percolation process is also a natural carrying process, and is characterized by that under the river bed a reverse water taking system is built, and the underflow water meeting the standard can be taken out of ground surface. Therefore, mining the river bed underflow water is especially important for relieving the water resource problem in China based on unsafe factors existing in surface water and strict control on underground water mining.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is designed to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and a first object of the present invention is to provide an integrated system for percolating water from a natural river bed. The second purpose of the invention is to provide a design method of the integrated system for percolating water from the natural riverbed.

In order to achieve the first purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the integrated water taking mode is formed by randomly integrating at least two water taking methods of pipe well water taking, large-mouth well water taking, radiation well water taking, seepage channel water taking, sinking type artificial filter water taking and reverse seepage water taking.

According to the technical scheme, two or more water taking modes of pipe well water taking, large-mouth well water taking, radiation well water taking, seepage channel water taking, sinking type artificial filter water taking and seepage water taking are selected according to the topography and the landform of the natural riverbed, the hydrological condition, the geological condition and the actual construction condition on site, a novel combined water taking mode is formed in an integrated mode, and the efficient, low-cost and large-scale exploitation of the subsurface flow water of the natural riverbed is achieved. Compared with the exploited surface water, the exploited riverbed subsurface flow water has good water quality and stable water temperature and can be used for a water source heat pump; compared with underground water exploitation, the underground water exploitation of the riverbed has large exploitation amount, and the problem of environmental geological destruction caused by underground water exploitation is reduced to the maximum extent.

The invention utilizes the natural characteristics of high water level, high water pressure, high turbidity, high sand content, low water level in a dry period, low water pressure and good water quality of rivers and rivers of the natural river channel in the flood period to realize the mutual conversion of the drawing modes of the undercurrent water of the natural river bed and the percolation water of the artificial filter in the riverside.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the natural riverbed infiltration water taking integrated system comprises a water collecting vertical shaft, a water taking drill hole, a connecting drill hole, a water delivery channel, a control system and a back flushing system; the natural riverbed infiltration water-taking integrated system further comprises at least two of a water-taking chamber, a large-mouth well, a radiation well, a pipe well, a sinking type artificial filter and an infiltration canal; the water taking chamber, the pipe well, the large-mouth well, the radiation well, the sunken artificial filter and the infiltration canal are water taking structures, the water taking structures are communicated with the water collecting vertical shaft through a water conveying channel, and the water taking structures are also connected through the water conveying channel.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the water taking structures of different types are connected in series and/or in parallel and then are connected with the water collecting vertical shaft, and the water taking structures of the same type are also connected in series and/or in parallel and then are connected with the water collecting vertical shaft; and/or the water delivery passage comprises a pipe without holes on the whole body, a cylindrical filter or an infiltration channel.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a control system and a backflushing system are arranged in the radiation well and/or the water collecting vertical well, the backflushing system provides pressure water or compressed air, and the pressure water is formed after being pressurized by a water pump or forms water pressure by self weight; when the water taking chamber and/or the radiation well are arranged, percolation water taking pipes which are connected with the water taking chamber/the radiation well and extend into the aquifer are provided with water taking valves respectively, the water taking valves are arranged at the water outlet ends of the percolation water taking pipes, all or part of the percolation water taking pipes are connected with recoil pipes connected with a recoil system, the percolation water taking pipes connected with the recoil pipes are simultaneously provided with the water taking valves and the recoil valves, and the recoil system provides pressure water or compressed air for the recoil pipes; when the sinking type artificial filter is arranged, the backflushing system is connected with a backflushing pipe which extends into the sinking type artificial filter and backflushes the sinking type artificial filter, a backflushing valve is arranged on the backflushing pipe, and the backflushing system provides pressure water or compressed air for the backflushing pipe; when the infiltration channel is arranged, a water taking valve is arranged on the infiltration channel, the backflushing system is connected with a backflushing pipe communicated with the infiltration channel, the backflushing pipe is provided with a backflushing valve, and the backflushing system provides pressure water or compressed air for the backflushing pipe.

In the technical scheme, the water taking valve is controlled to be opened and closed to maintain and control the water quality and the water quantity, and the backflushing system is used for recovering the water quantity. The back flushing system performs back flushing on the percolation water taking pipe, the sinking type artificial filter and the infiltration channel which are connected with the water taking chamber and the radiation well, so as to clear silting, improve the water yield of the water taking structure and prolong the service life of the water taking structure.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pipe well, the large-mouth well and the radiation well are water taking wells, a first turbidity meter for detecting the turbidity of water in the well and a water level meter for detecting the water level in the well are arranged in the water taking well and/or the water collecting vertical well, and the signal output ends of the first turbidity meter and the water level meter are connected with a remote monitoring device.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, be convenient for learn the turbidity and the water level of well water in real time through setting up turbidity appearance and water level appearance, show for well water quality of water and water yield, realize automated control through logic design. When the turbidity value of the well water measured by the first turbidity meter is higher than a set value and the water level of the well water measured by the water level meter is higher than the set value, namely the water quality is poor, and the water yield is high, closing a water taking valve of a part of the filter with poor water quality measured by the second turbidity meter, and closing a backflushing valve; when the turbidity value of the well water measured by the turbidity meter is lower than a set value and the water level of the well water measured by the water level meter is lower than the set value, namely the water quality is better and the water yield is insufficient, closing the backflushing valve and opening all water taking valves; when the turbidity value of the well water measured by the first turbidity meter is higher than a set value and the water level measured by the water level meter is lower than the set value, namely the water quality is poor and the water yield is insufficient, the water taking valve is closed and the backflushing valve is opened to perform backflushing on the water taking structure, so that automatic backflushing is realized; when the turbidity value of the well water measured by the first turbidity meter is lower than a set value and the water level measured by the water level meter is higher than the set value, namely the water quality is good and the water yield is sufficient, all the water taking valves are opened and the backflushing valve is closed.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, a percolation water intake pipe extending into an aquifer and connected with the water intake chamber and/or the radiation well and/or the sunken artificial filter and/or the water collecting vertical shaft is provided with a second turbidity meter for detecting the turbidity of water quality, the infiltration channel is also provided with a second turbidity meter for detecting the turbidity of water quality, and the signal output end of the second turbidity meter is connected with a remote monitoring device.

In the technical scheme, the second turbidity meter is arranged, so that the turbidity of water in each percolation water taking pipe and each percolation canal can be known in real time by a water plant, a water supply management mechanism, a water quality monitoring mechanism and the like, the opening and closing and the backflushing of the remote control valve (the water taking valve and the backflushing valve) are realized, and the percolation water taking pipe is opened or closed according to the conditions.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a controller connected with the remote monitoring device; the first group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the first turbidity meter, the second group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the water level meter, and the third group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the second turbidity meter; the first group of control ends of the controller are respectively and sequentially electrically connected with the water taking valve to independently or group control the water taking valve, and the second group of control ends of the controller are respectively and sequentially electrically connected with the backflushing valve to independently or group control the backflushing valve.

In the technical scheme, after the controller is arranged, the opening, closing and back flushing of the percolation water taking pipe can be automatically controlled, and the automation degree is high; and the detection values of the first turbidity meter, the water level meter and the second turbidity meter can be remotely transmitted to a water supply plant, a water supply management mechanism, a water quality monitoring mechanism and the like, so that the water supply plant, the water supply management mechanism, the water quality monitoring mechanism and the like can conveniently know the water quantity and the water quality of a water taking structure and timely make emergency measures.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the end of the water delivery channel connected with the water taking structure is provided with a water taking valve; and/or the sinking type artificial filter is arranged in the riverbed or below a drainage ditch dug out by the flood plain at the side of the riverway.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the infiltration channel is formed by connecting a plurality of tubular filters, and the infiltration channel is distributed in the river bed along a straight line or in a curved manner;

when the infiltration channels are distributed in a riverbed in a bending way, the two adjacent tubular filters are flexibly connected by adopting corrugated pipes, and two ends of each corrugated pipe are fixedly connected with the two tubular filters respectively;

still be equipped with the spacing unit who prevents bellows overstretching deformation between two adjacent tubular filter, spacing unit is including establishing the fixed block on two tubular filter inner walls respectively, all have the perforation that runs through the setting on the fixed block, it can be in the activity of perforation to have inserted a connecting rod and connecting rod jointly in the perforation of two fixed blocks, the both ends of connecting rod are located outside two fixed blocks respectively, the connecting rod is located and is connected with the locating part that prevents the connecting rod and break away from the fixed block on the tip outside the fixed block, certain distance has between locating part and the fixed block.

In the technical scheme, the flexible connection of the two adjacent tubular filters can better meet the requirement of curve deformation of the design of the infiltration channel path. The infiltration channel can be arranged in a bending way according to the conditions of aquifer thickness development, plane distribution and the like, the infiltration channel does not need to be built on a rock stratum, the effective length of laying the tubular filter is equivalently prolonged, and the water yield is increased; or on the premise of keeping the water yield unchanged, the length of the infiltration channel is shortened, and the construction period is shortened. The limiting unit is arranged to prevent the corrugated pipe from being damaged due to excessive stretching deformation, and the corrugated pipe is a safety protection measure. The connecting rod passes the perforation on the fixed block and connects two tubular filter, and the tensile degree of rethread locating part restriction bellows makes the ripple structure can not take place excessive tensile deformation and produce the destruction.

In order to achieve the second purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the design method of the natural riverbed infiltration water taking integrated system selects to adopt a tube well to take water, a large-mouth well to take water, a radiation well to take water, an infiltration canal to take water, a sinking type artificial filter to take water and reverse infiltration water taking according to the landform, the hydrology, the geological condition and the actual construction condition on site:

in the river section with thicker natural river bed sand gravel layer, when bedrock is stable and cracks do not develop, or the river is navigated, and the water depth and other factors are inconvenient for surface construction, a tube well, a large-opening well, a radiation well or a river bed reverse percolation water taking process can be adopted to take water;

in the river section with a natural river bed sand gravel layer with a thin thickness, the surface water quality of the river is better, the depth of the river is relatively small, and when the river channel or the side bank is convenient for surface construction, water can be taken by adopting a seepage channel;

in the section with very thin sand gravel layer or the section without sand gravel layer, the sinking artificial filter can be used to take water.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the integrated system is suitable for river reach with various complex geological conditions, and mainly breaks through the limitation of the traditional and single water taking method by the geological conditions and the construction conditions, effectively enlarges the water yield, and ensures excellent water quality. Through the sensor and the internet of things technology, the water supply system and the control backflushing system work in a cooperative mode to form a set of highly-automatic integrated water taking system.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of an integrated system for percolating water from a natural river bed according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic partial end view of the integrated system for water intake from natural river bed percolation according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the radiation well and the water taking chamber in the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top plan view of a water catchment well disposed in the radiation well.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the infiltration channel in the river bed according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic top plan view of the infiltration trench of the second embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the infiltration trench of the second embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a schematic top plan view of the infiltration gallery of the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection of two adjacent candle filters according to one embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a state in which two adjacent tube filters are bent and deformed.

Fig. 11 is a schematic sectional view a-a in fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drilling process for creating an infiltration gallery according to a third embodiment of the present application, with a work well.

Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a underreamer for constructing an infiltration gallery and installing a candle filter according to a third embodiment of the present invention, provided with a working well.

Fig. 14 is a schematic top view of a river bed with an artificial filter bed according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an artificial filter bed in a river bed according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the infiltration canal 100, the tubular filter 110, the corrugated pipe 120, the limiting unit 130, the fixed block 131, the perforation 1311, the connecting rod 132, the limiting piece 133, the power plant 140, the guide drill 150, the hole expanding device 160, the working well 170, the water intake well 200, the pipe well 200a, the open well 200b, the radiation well 200c, the water intake hole 201, the connecting pipe 202, the first turbidity meter 204, the water level meter 205, the water collection well 210, the water intake hole 211, the percolation water intake pipe 230, the second turbidity meter 231, the submerged artificial filter 300, the river channel 310, the dam 311, the flood bank 312, the dam 313, the drainage channel 320, the drainage channel inlet 321, the drainage channel outlet 322, the filter structure 330, the plate filter 331, the percolation layer 332, the pebble layer 3321, the coarse gravel layer 3322, the pebble layer 3323, the water collection tank 333, the backflushing main pipe 3341, the backflushing main branch pipe 3343, the water conveying main pipe 3351, the water conveying branch pipe 3352, the main pipe 3353, the water conveying branch pipe 3353, the water conveying pipe 3353, A water collecting well 336, a water taking chamber 400, a water collecting shaft 500, a water delivery channel 600, a connecting drill hole 610, a water taking valve 700, a backflushing pipe 810, a backflushing valve 820 and an aquifer a.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a communication between two elements, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Example one

The present embodiment provides an integrated system for percolating and extracting water from a natural river bed, as shown in fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated system for percolating and extracting water from a natural river bed is an integrated water extraction system in a form of a combination of water extraction modes constructed according to the landform, hydrology and geological conditions of the natural river bed. The water taking mode is an integrated water taking mode formed by randomly integrating at least two water taking methods of pipe well water taking, large-mouth well water taking, radiation well water taking, infiltration channel water taking, sinking type artificial filter water taking and reverse infiltration water taking. The combination of the specific water taking modes can be combined by any two water taking modes, any three water taking modes, any four water taking modes, any five water taking modes or the six water taking modes; the quantity and the position of each water getting mode are arbitrary.

It should be noted that the tube well water intake, the large-mouth well water intake, the radiation well water intake, the infiltration canal water intake, the submerged artificial filter water intake and the reverse percolation water intake are all the existing water intake methods, and the water intake principle is not described in detail herein.

Specifically, in the river section with thicker natural river bed sand-gravel layer (the thickness of the sand-gravel layer is more than 5 m), when bedrock is stable and cracks do not develop, or the river is navigated, and the water depth and other factors are inconvenient for surface construction, a tube well, a large-mouth well, a radiation well or a river bed reverse percolation water taking process can be adopted to take water.

In the river section with a natural river bed sand gravel layer with a thin thickness (the thickness of the sand gravel layer is 3-5 m), the surface water quality of the river is good, the depth of the river is relatively small, and when the river channel or the side bank is convenient for surface construction, water can be taken by adopting an infiltration canal. The process has short construction period, can be totally closed after the construction of the river channel, does not influence the landscape of the river channel, has large water yield, excellent water quality and turbidity lower than 5 degrees, and meets the sanitary standard of drinking water after simple filtration and disinfection.

In the section where the gravel layer is very thin (the thickness of the gravel layer is less than 3 m) or the section without gravel layer on the side bank, a sinking artificial filter can be used for taking water. The process has wide application range, is usually used for producing water with small water yield or supplementing water, and is usually combined with a radiation well water taking process and a natural river bed reverse percolation water taking process.

The water taking process is selected according to the subjective intention of an owner besides the ineffectiveness factors such as hydrology, geological conditions and the like.

The integrated water taking system realizes the high-efficiency, low-cost and large-scale exploitation of the natural riverbed subsurface flow water, and is used for domestic water, municipal water, industrial water and water source heat pump water supply projects.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the percolating water intake integrated system includes a water collecting shaft 500, a water intake bore 610, a connecting bore 610, a water delivery passage 600, a control system, and a back flushing system. The infiltration water intake integrated system further comprises at least two of the water intake chamber 400, the pipe well 200a, the large-mouth well 200b, the radiation well 200c, the sunken artificial filter 300 and the infiltration canal 100, wherein the water intake chamber 400, the pipe well 200a, the large-mouth well 200b, the radiation well 200c, the sunken artificial filter 300 and the infiltration canal 100 are water intake structures, and the number and the position of each water intake structure are determined according to actual conditions. Specifically, two or more water taking structures in the water taking chamber 400, the pipe well 200a, the large-mouth well 200b, the radiation well 200c, the sunken artificial filter 300 and the infiltration canal 100 can be selected and arranged according to the landform, hydrology, geological conditions and actual construction conditions of a natural riverbed, and the pipe well 200a, the large-mouth well 200b and the radiation well 200c are collectively called as water taking wells. The infiltration canal 100 should be equipped with inspection well as required, and the infiltration canal 100 can be arranged on the shore or in the river. When the aquifer buries deeply, the infiltration channel 100 can be installed in the aquifer manually; when the aquifer buries deeply, the infiltration channel 100 is installed by adopting a synchronous pipe-following drilling technology. A control system and a backflushing system can be arranged according to requirements in each water taking mode.

In practice, two or even a plurality of water taking structures can be arranged according to the requirement of water taking quantity; the water intake structures can be flexibly arranged according to the conditions of aquifer thickness development, plane distribution and the like, and the types of the water intake structures can be the same or different.

The water taking structures are communicated with the water collecting vertical shaft through the water conveying channel 600 and/or the connecting drill 610, the water taking structures are also connected through the water conveying channel 600 and/or the connecting drill 610, and the water taking valve 700 is arranged at the end part of the water conveying channel 600 and/or the connecting drill 610 connected with the water taking structures. The water collected by the water collecting structures is finally collected in the water collecting shaft 500, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a percolation water collecting pipe 230 extending into the aquifer may be connected to the side wall of the water collecting shaft 500 as necessary, so that the water collecting shaft 500 becomes a radiation well, which is also a water collecting structure.

As shown in fig. 1, the connecting bore 610 is a connecting through hole drilled in the river bed by a drill, has only water transportation function, and is suitable for short distance connection, for example, the connecting bore 610 may be used for connection between the infiltration gallery 100, the submerged artificial filter 300, the tube well 200a, the wide-mouth well 200b, and the radiant well 200c, which are closer to the water collecting vertical shaft 610, and the water collecting vertical shaft 600. The water taking drill hole is formed by paving a cylindrical filter in the drill hole, namely the water taking drill hole has water conveying and water taking functions, for example, a percolation water taking pipe 230 which is connected with the water taking chamber 400 and the radiation well 200c and extends into an aquifer is used as the water taking drill hole, and in the drilling construction of the water taking drill hole, a synchronous pipe following drilling technology is adopted, so that the filter is integrally and nondestructively installed at the designed position of the aquifer. Long distance connections that cannot be drilled can be made using water delivery channel 600, such as connections of water intake chamber 400 to water collection shaft 500, water intake chamber 400 to water intake chamber 400, water delivery channel 600 comprising a pipe, tube filter or infiltration canal without holes throughout, water delivery channel 600 installed in the riverbed using a tunnel construction method or a pipe jacking method.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, different types of water intake structures are connected in series and/or in parallel to each other and then connected to the water collecting shaft 500, and water intake structures of the same type are connected in series and/or in parallel to each other and then connected to the water collecting shaft 500. For example, when there are a plurality of water intake chambers 400, the water intake chambers 400 are connected to the water collecting shaft 500 through the water delivery passages 600 in series and/or in parallel (series and parallel for short), and the water in the water intake chambers 400 is collected to the water collecting shaft 500. For another example, when the number of the water taking wells is plural, the plural water taking wells are connected in series and parallel by the drilling connection 610 and then connected to the water collecting shaft 500, and the water in the water taking wells is collected to the water collecting shaft 500.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a control system and a back flushing system (not shown) are provided in the radiation well 200c, and the back flushing system provides a fluid with pressure, such as pressurized water or compressed air, the pressurized water can be pressurized by a water pump or the water can be used for generating water pressure by its own weight. When the water realizes the backflushing by the self-weight, the water level of the backflushing water source is higher than that of the riverbed river water, and the backflushing water source can be an inlet channel or a water storage device erected to a certain height.

As shown in fig. 3, it should be noted that when the water delivery passage 600 connected to the water collecting shaft 500 is a tube filter or the percolation water take-off pipe 230 is connected to the sidewall of the water collecting shaft 500, a backflushing system may be provided in the water collecting shaft 500 to perform backflushing of the tube filter or percolation water take-off pipe 230 connected to the water collecting shaft 500.

As shown in fig. 3, when the water intake chamber 400 and the radiation well 200c are provided, the percolation water intake pipe 230 extending into the aquifer a, which is connected to the water intake chamber 400, the radiation well 200c and the water collection shaft 500, is provided with a water intake valve 700. All or a part of the percolation water take-off 230 is connected with a backflushing pipe (not shown in the figure) connected with a backflushing system, the percolation water take-off 230 connected with the backflushing pipe is simultaneously provided with a water take-off valve 700 and a backflushing valve 820, and the backflushing system provides pressure water or compressed air for the backflushing pipe 810.

When the percolation water taking pipe 230 needs to be backflushed, the water taking valve 700 on the percolation water taking pipe 230 is closed, the water production work of the percolation water taking pipe 230 is stopped, then the backflushing valve 820 on the percolation water taking pipe 230 is opened, the backflushing system works to convey pressure fluid (pressure water or compressed air) to the backflushing pipe, the pressure fluid in the backflushing pipe enters the percolation water taking pipe 230, and the pressure fluid backflushes the pipe wall of the percolation water taking pipe 230 and the blockage in the peripheral water taking layer, so that the blockage of the percolation water taking pipe 230 is reduced.

In this embodiment, the water intake valve 700 and the backflushing valve 820 may be water-controlled, air-controlled or electric-controlled valves as in the prior art.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the water intake valve 700 is provided at the beginning of the infiltration water intake pipe 230 extending into the aquifer a, and when the infiltration water intake pipe 230 is closed, the submerged water in the aquifer a cannot enter the infiltration water intake pipe 230. When the infiltration intake pipe 230 is arranged in the riverside or the river bed and the infiltration intake pipe 230 is fully extended into the aquifer a, the intake valve 700 is arranged at the end of the infiltration intake pipe 230 connected with the radiation well 200 c; when the percolation intake pipe 230 extends partially into the aquifer a, a water intake valve 700 is positioned at the junction of the aquifer a and the basement rock above the percolation intake pipe 230.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, when the percolation intake pipe 230 is connected to the radiation well 200c, a backflushing system is provided in the radiation well 200c, and preferably a backflushing valve 820 is provided at the end of the percolation intake pipe 230 connected to the radiation well 200 c. When the percolation intake pipe 230 is connected to the intake chamber 400, a backflush system is provided in the intake chamber 400, preferably with a backflush valve 820 provided at the end of the percolation intake pipe 230 connected to the intake chamber 400 or with a backflush valve 820 provided at the beginning of the percolation intake pipe 230 extending into the aquifer a.

As shown in fig. 14, when the submerged artificial filter 300 is provided, the backflushing system is connected to a backflushing pipe 810 extending into the submerged artificial filter 300 to backflush the submerged artificial filter 300, a backflushing valve 820 is provided on the backflushing pipe 810, and the backflushing system supplies pressure water or compressed air to the backflushing pipe 810. When the submerged artificial filter 300 needs to be backflushed, the water production work of the submerged artificial filter 300 is stopped, then the backflushing valve 820 on the backflushing pipe 810 is opened, the backflushing system works to convey pressure fluid to the backflushing pipe 810, the pressure fluid of the backflushing pipe 810 enters the submerged artificial filter 300, and the pressure fluid backflushes the submerged artificial filter 300 to reduce the blockage of the submerged artificial filter 300.

When the infiltration canal 100 is used to obtain water, the backflushing system is connected to a backflushing pipe that is in communication with the infiltration canal 100, and preferably a plurality of backflushing pipes are provided around the infiltration canal for restoring the water production of the infiltration canal 100.

In the present embodiment, the water intake structures may be backwashed periodically or according to the turbidity of the water in the water intake structures, and it is preferable that the backwashes of the water intake structures are staggered to ensure continuous water supply.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when performing backwashing according to the turbidity of water in the structure to be taken in water, as shown in fig. 3, a first turbidity meter 204 for detecting the turbidity of water in the well and a water level meter 205 for detecting the water level in the well are provided in the water taking well (pipe well 200a, wide open well 200b and radiation well 200c), and the signal output terminals of the first turbidity meter 204 and the water level meter 205 are connected to a remote monitoring device. The first turbidity meter 204 detects turbidity changes of water quality, and the water level meter 205 detects changes of water level in the well so as to detect water quantity changes.

When the turbidity value of the water in the well measured by the first turbidity meter 204 is lower than a set value (lower than the turbidity value of normal drinking water, the specific value is set according to the actual situation), and the water level measured by the water level meter 205 is lower than the set value (lower than the minimum water level set by the well), it indicates that the percolation water intake pipe 230 or the tubular filter 110 (hereinafter referred to as percolation pipe) connected to the well is blocked, so that the water yield is reduced, and meanwhile, the filtered water quality is better and the turbidity of the water is reduced. At this time, the water intake valve 700 on the percolation pipe is closed, and the corresponding back flushing valve 820 is opened at the same time, so that the pressure fluid enters the back flushing pipe 810 to back flush the percolation pipe, and the water yield of the water intake well is increased.

As shown in fig. 5, a first turbidity meter 204 for detecting turbidity of water in the well and a water level meter 205 for detecting water level in the well may be provided in the water collection shaft 500 according to the requirement, so as to know turbidity of water produced by the natural riverbed infiltration water intake integrated system and well water level.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a second turbidity meter 231 for detecting the turbidity of water is provided on the infiltration intake pipe 230 extending into the aquifer a and connected with the intake chamber 400 and/or the radiation well 200c and/or the water collection shaft 500, a second turbidity meter 231 for detecting the turbidity of water is also provided on the infiltration canal 100, and the signal output end of the second turbidity meter 231 is connected with a remote monitoring device. Therefore, the turbidity of water in each percolation water taking pipe 230 and the percolation channel 100 can be known in real time, and the percolation water taking pipe 230 and the percolation channel 100 are opened or closed according to conditions, so that the opening and closing of the water taking valve 700 and the backflushing valve 820 are remotely controlled, and the backflushing is remotely controlled.

When the infiltration intake pipe 230 is also inserted into the submerged artificial filter 300, the infiltration intake pipe 230 connected to the submerged artificial filter 300 is also provided with a second turbidity meter 231 for detecting the turbidity of the water.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated system for natural river bed infiltration water intake further comprises a controller (not shown) connected to the remote monitoring device. The first group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the first turbidity meter 204, the second group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the water level meter 205, and the third group of input ends of the controller are respectively and electrically connected with the signal output end of the second turbidity meter 231. The first group of control ends of the controller are respectively and sequentially electrically connected with the water intake valve 700 to independently or group-wise control the water intake valve 700, and the second group of control ends of the controller are respectively and sequentially electrically connected with the backflushing valve 820 to independently or group-wise control the backflushing valve 820.

The water intake valve 700 and the backflushing valve 820 of the present embodiment are controlled in groups, and can be divided into a plurality of groups according to the turbidity of the water in the percolation water intake pipe 230 from high to low or from low to high; in the flood period, according to the turbidity condition of the water intake, the water intake valve 700 is closed from the group with the highest turbidity in the percolation water intake pipe 230; the dry period starts with the opening of the water intake valve 700 from the group with the lowest turbidity of the water in the percolating water intake pipe 230, depending on the amount of water taken.

As shown in fig. 4, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water collection well 210 is sleeved in the water collection well 200 (including the pipe well 200a, the large-mouth well 200b and the radiation well 200c), the water collection well 200 and the water collection well 210 form a double-ring well sleeved structure, and the top of the water collection well 200 and the water collection well 210 is open or closed by one well cover or closed by two well covers respectively. The side wall of the water taking well 200 is provided with a water taking hole 201, and the side wall of the water collecting well 210 is provided with a water inlet hole 211; the water outlet port of the water delivery channel 600 is communicated with the water intake hole 201, the water intake hole 201 is communicated with the water inlet hole 211 through the connecting pipe 202, and the water intake valve 700 is arranged on the connecting pipe 202 between the water intake well 200 and the water collection well 210.

The invention adds a water collecting well 210 in the water taking well 200, the water collecting well 210 is used for collecting the water of the water taking hole 201 of the water taking well 200, the water collecting well 210 is used as a water storage facility, and the water level instrument 205 and the first turbidity instrument 204 are arranged in the water collecting well 210. When water is supplied, only water exists in the water collection well 210, water does not exist in the water taking well 200 outside the water collection well 210, and water is supplied only through the water collection well 210; during maintenance, the water intake valve 700 in the water intake well 200 outside the water collection well 210 is closed (the water intake valve 700 is a control valve and can be remotely closed), and then workers go down the water intake well 200 to check and replace the water intake hole equipment, so that the water supply of the water intake well 200 is not affected during maintenance.

It should be noted that the water collecting shaft 500 may also be configured as a double-ring cased well structure, so that water supply of the water collecting shaft 500 is not affected during maintenance, and the water pump is assembled in the water collecting shaft 500 outside the water collection well 210.

Example two

In the present embodiment, an infiltration canal is provided, which can be used in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the infiltration canal 100 is buried in the river bed, the infiltration canal 100 is formed by connecting a plurality of tubular filters 110, the infiltration canal 100 is distributed in the river bed along a straight line or a curve, a working well 170 is provided on the path of the infiltration canal 100, and the working well 170 can be used as a transmitting well and a receiving well for constructing the infiltration canal 100, and can also be used as a water collecting well. When the infiltration canals 100 are distributed in the river bed along a straight line, two adjacent tubular filters 110 are fixedly connected into a whole by a rigid connection mode, such as welding or bolt connection.

As shown in fig. 5 and 13, in the present embodiment, the infiltration channel 100 is wholly or partially disposed in the aquifer a, the infiltration channel 100 is disposed in the aquifer a, and the tubular filter 110 is partially or partially disposed in the aquifer a, and the specific caliber and installation length of the tubular filter 110 are set according to the water production demand. For example, when the portion of the infiltration canal 100 shown in fig. 13 is disposed in the aquifer a, the portion of the infiltration canal 100 located outside the aquifer a is a tubular filter or a barrel-shaped structure without holes on the whole body, and the invention is not particularly limited.

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, in the present embodiment, both ends of the infiltration canal 100 are located on the same side of the river bed or on both sides of the river bed, respectively. The number of the working wells 170 is one, two or more, and two or more working wells 170 are provided on the same side or opposite sides of the river bed.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, when the infiltration channels 100 are distributed in the riverbed in a bending manner, the two adjacent candle filters 110 are flexibly connected by the bellows 120, and both ends of the bellows 120 are respectively fixedly connected with the two candle filters 110, so that a certain degree of bending deformation can be realized between the two adjacent candle filters 110, and the movable displacement of the connection between the candle filters 110 can be realized, thereby facilitating the flexible arrangement of the infiltration channels 100. Bellows 120 is made of steel or rubber, and preferably, an end surface of bellows 120 is sealingly connected to an end surface of tube filter 110, so that the sealing property between tube filters 110 is secured.

The corrugated pipe 120 is arranged between two adjacent tubular filters 110, and the corrugated pipe 120 absorbs deformation, so that a certain degree of bending deformation can be realized between two adjacent tubular filters 110, and the pipe is suitable for the turning of the infiltration canal 100 or the bending deformation of a tunnel caused by external force.

In this embodiment, the two ends of the infiltration canal 100 are provided with water intake valves 700, the water intake valves are arranged in the working wells 170, the backflushing system is connected with a backflushing pipe 810 communicated with the infiltration canal 100, the backflushing pipe 810 is provided with a backflushing valve 820, and the backflushing system provides pressure water or compressed air for the backflushing pipe 810.

When the seepage 100 needs to be backflushed, the water taking valves 700 at the two ends of the seepage 100 are closed, the water production work of the seepage 100 is stopped, then the backflushing valve 820 on the backflushing pipe 810 is opened, the backflushing system works to convey pressure fluid to the backflushing pipe 810, the pressure fluid of the backflushing pipe 810 enters the seepage 100, and the pressure fluid backflushes the seepage 100 to reduce the blockage of the seepage 100.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in another preferred embodiment, a plurality of limiting units 130 are further disposed between two adjacent candle filters 110 to prevent the bellows 120 from being damaged due to excessive tensile deformation, the plurality of limiting units 130 are uniformly distributed circumferentially around the center of the bellows 120, the number of limiting units 130 shown in fig. 11 is six, and the number of limiting units 130 can be set according to actual conditions.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, the limiting unit 130 includes fixing blocks 131 respectively disposed on inner walls of the two tube filters 110, and the fixing blocks 131 are integrally formed with the tube filters 110 or are separately disposed and then fixedly connected to each other. The fixing blocks 131 are provided with through holes 1311, the through holes 1311 are strip-shaped holes, a connecting rod 132 is inserted into the through holes 1311 of the two fixing blocks 131, and the connecting rod 132 is movable in the through holes 1311, for example, the connecting rod 132 can move in the through holes 1311 in the axial direction and the radial direction relative to the bellows 120. Six connecting rods 132 of the six limiting units 130 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the center of the corrugated tube 120. The two ends of the connecting rod 132 are respectively located outside the two fixing blocks 131, the end of the connecting rod 132 located outside the fixing blocks 131 is connected with a limiting member 133 for preventing the connecting rod 132 from separating from the fixing blocks 131, and a certain distance is formed between the limiting member 133 and the fixing blocks 131, so that the connecting rod 132 can axially move in the through hole 1311.

In the present embodiment, the connecting rod 132 is a screw, and the limiting member 133 is a nut screwed to the screw; or the connecting rod 132 is a polished rod structure, an annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of the connecting rod 132, and the limiting piece 133 is an elastic retainer ring clamped in the annular groove; or the connecting rod 132 is of a polished rod structure, the outer wall of the connecting rod 132 is provided with a protrusion, the limiting part 133 is an annular space ring, the inner wall of the annular space ring is provided with a groove in clamping fit with the protrusion, and the annular space ring and the connecting rod 132 are in clamping fit with each other through the protrusion and the groove to realize the fixed connection of the limiting part 133 and the connecting rod 132.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the connecting rod 132 passes through the through hole 1311 on the fixing block 131 to connect the two tube filters 110, and the limit piece 133 limits the stretching degree of the corrugated tube 120, so that the corrugated tube 120 is not damaged due to excessive stretching deformation. The perforations 1311 are strip-shaped holes so that the connecting rods 132 can move axially and radially in the perforations 1311 to accommodate bending deformation of the corrugated pipe 120. Preferably, the outer wall of the connecting rod 132 is in transition or interference fit with the inner wall of the perforation 1311, so that the connecting rod 132 does not shake freely in the perforation 1311 without external force.

EXAMPLE III

This example provides a method of constructing the infiltration trench 100 of example two, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, which in a preferred embodiment comprises the steps of: working wells 170 are arranged along the river (including the river, the lake and the reservoir), and the embodiment is described by taking the arrangement of one working well 170 as an example. Forming a target path of the infiltration canal 100 according to the characteristics of the aquifer a, wherein the path of the formed hole is the same as the target path of the infiltration canal 100, and drilling the hole from the working well 170 to the aquifer a of the river bed by using a guide drill 150 as shown in figure 12; as shown in fig. 13, after the pilot bit 150 completes the drilling work according to the target path of the infiltration canal 100, the reaming equipment 160 reams and cleans the drilled hole from the end (shore) of the drilled hole, i.e. the traveling path of the reaming equipment 160 is opposite to that of the pilot bit 150; next, the candle filter 110 is laid, and in order to accelerate the construction progress, the reaming device 160 performs reaming and hole cleaning section by section, and the candle filter 110 is also installed section by section, that is, immediately after reaming and hole cleaning, the candle filter 110 is installed.

It should be noted that the pilot bit 150 may also drill a hole into the bed from the bank.

In this embodiment, the direction of the trajectory of the pilot bit 150 and reaming equipment 160 is controlled by the wireless control terminal. Specifically, a required path is obtained according to the stratum condition obtained through exploration and the water intake demand, and the control unit controls the advancing posture of the pilot bit 150 to advance along the designed path. In practice, a ground penetrating radar can be further installed on the pilot bit 150, so that the change of the stratum can be checked at any time, and the traveling path can be properly adjusted.

The pilot bit 150 is powered forward by the power device 140, such as an air compressor in the prior art, and a hose transmits the pressurized air to make the pilot bit 150 drill a hole; also, for example, the pilot bit 150 is coupled to a drill stem of a drill rig, which rotates and advances the pilot bit 150 forward to drill a hole. Reaming apparatus 160 may also be driven by an air compressor or electrical device. It should be noted that the drilling with the pilot bit 150 and the reaming and cleaning with the reaming device 160 are prior art, and the structure and operation thereof will not be described in detail herein.

When the air compressor is used for providing power for the pilot bit 150, the steel cable which plays a role of traction can be reserved in the hole forming process while the pilot bit 150 drills the hole, and the hole expanding equipment 160 travels along the path of the steel cable and cuts the steel cable when hole expanding and hole cleaning are carried out. In practice, the cable may be integrated with a hose for transporting air, such as a stainless steel bellows 120 (similar in construction to a shower hose).

It should be noted that when the number of the working wells 170 is two or more, the working wells 170 may be located at both ends of the infiltration channel 100, or on the path of the infiltration channel 100. For example, fig. 5 shows that two working wells 170 are provided, the two working wells 170 are respectively communicated with two ends of the infiltration canal 100, the pilot bit 150 drills a hole into the river bed from any working well 170, for example, the pilot bit 150 drills a hole into the river bed from the left working well 170, and the hole expanding equipment 160 expands and cleans the hole from the right working well 170.

When the working well 170 is used as a water collecting well, the working well 170 may be constructed as a double-ring cased well structure, and then the water collecting well 210 is constructed in the working well 170 after the construction of the infiltration trench 100 is completed, and the water collecting well 210 is used as a water storage facility.

Example four

The present embodiment provides a submerged artificial filter 300 that can be used in the first embodiment. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, the submerged artificial filter 300 is installed in the riverbed or under a drainage channel 320 dug out from an overband 312 at the side of a riverway 310. When the submerged artificial filter 300 is arranged below a drainage channel 320 dug out from an overflow beach 312 at the side of a river channel 310, flood control dams 311 are arranged at two sides of the river channel 310, the overflow beach 312 is arranged between the dam 311 at one side and the river channel 310, the drainage channel 320 is dug out from the overflow beach 312, an inlet 321 and an outlet 322 of the drainage channel are both communicated with the river channel 310, and the water flow direction of the drainage channel 320 is the same as that of the river channel 310.

If necessary, a water collecting well 336 may be provided on the bank side near the submerged artificial filter 300, and the water percolated by the submerged artificial filter 300 is collected by the water collecting well 336 and connected to the water collecting shaft 500 through the water transport passage 600. Of course, the submerged artificial filter 300 may be directly connected to the water collecting shaft 500 through the water supply passage 600, and the water percolated by the submerged artificial filter 300 is directly collected into the water collecting shaft 500.

In the present embodiment, when the pressure fluid provided by the backflushing system is pressure water and the water performs backflushing by its own weight, as shown in fig. 14, the backflushing water source may also be river water upstream of the river channel 310, for example, water in the dam 313 upstream of the submerged artificial filter 300, and the water level difference between the water in the dam 313 and the river water above the submerged artificial filter 300 is 2m to 5m, so that backflushing is performed by using the height difference.

It should be noted that when the pressure fluid for back flushing is provided by a water pump or an air compressor, a back flushing system may be provided in the sump 336. Specifically, the water pump is arranged in the water at the bottom of the water collecting well 336, the water pump is an immersed pump, and the water pump pressurizes the water in the water collecting well 336 and then conveys the pressurized water to the backflushing pipe 810; the air compressor may be located on the water surface of the sump 336 or placed in the water after the waterproof cover is installed. The water pump and the air compressor are arranged in the water collecting well 336, so that the occupied ground space can be reduced.

In another preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 15, the submerged artificial filter 300 comprises at least two filter structures 330, and two or more filter structures 330 may be operated simultaneously or in time-sharing. The filter structure 330 is filled with a percolation layer 332 made of granular filter materials, river water led into the drainage channel 320 is arranged above the percolation layer 332, a plate type filter 331 is arranged at the bottom of the percolation layer 332 in the filter structure 330, the plate type filter 331 is fixed in the filter structure 330, the percolation layer 332 is arranged above the plate type filter 331, a back flushing pipe 810 is partially embedded in the percolation layer 332, and a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the pipe wall of the back flushing pipe 810 in the filter structure 330. The lower part of the plate-type filter 331 is provided with a water collecting groove 333, the water inlet of the water delivery channel 600 is communicated with the water collecting groove 333, and the water filtered by the plate-type filter 331 enters the water collecting groove 333 and is then delivered by the water delivery channel 600. When the filter structure 330 is large in size, a brace may be provided in the water collection tank 333 to support the plate filter 331.

In this embodiment, the percolation layer 332 includes a pebble layer 3321, a coarse sand-gravel layer 3322 and a small pebble-gravel layer 3323 which are arranged in this order from top to bottom, and the plate filter 331 is provided in the small pebble-gravel layer 3323 or at the bottom of the small pebble-gravel layer 3323.

In the present embodiment, the effective porosity of the plate filter 331 is 30% to 40%, the plate filter 331 is a stainless steel filter plate, or the plate filter 331 is a gravel-attached filter plate, for example, a filter formed by attaching gravel to a filter plate as disclosed in CN 201738372U.

As shown in FIG. 15, in the present embodiment, two submerged filter structures 330 are provided as an example, and the water supply channel 600 for supplying water percolated by the submerged artificial filter 300 includes a water supply main pipe 3351 and two water supply branch pipes 3352 connected to the water supply main pipe 3351 and capable of operating simultaneously or in time division, wherein each filter structure 330 is connected to one water supply branch pipe 3352, and the water outlet of the water supply main pipe 3351 is connected to the water collection well 336. The backflushing pipe 810 comprises a backflushing main pipe 3341 and two groups of backflushing branch pipes 3342 which are connected with the backflushing main pipe 3341 and can work simultaneously or in a time-sharing mode, a group of backflushing branch pipes 3342 are embedded in each filter structure 330, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the pipe walls of the backflushing branch pipes 3342, the water inlet of the backflushing main pipe 3341 is connected with a backflushing system, and preferably the backflushing branch pipes 3342 are embedded in a small pebble-sandwiched gravel layer 3323.

Furthermore, each group of water delivery branch pipes 3352 is connected with a water delivery main pipe 3351 through a water delivery main branch pipe 3353, the water intake valves 700 for controlling the on-off of the water delivery main branch pipes 3353 are arranged on the water delivery main branch pipes 3353, and the water intake valves 700 on the water delivery main branch pipes 3353 connected with the left and right filter chamber structures 330 are respectively a first water intake valve and a second water intake valve. Each group of backflushing branch pipes 3342 is connected with a backflushing main pipe 3341 through a backflushing main branch pipe 3343, the backflushing main branch pipes 3343 are provided with backflushing valves 820 for controlling the on-off of the backflushing main branch pipes 3343, and the backflushing valves 820 on the backflushing main branch pipes 3343 connected with the left side filter chamber structure 330 and the right side filter chamber structure 330 are respectively a first backflushing valve and a second backflushing valve.

In this embodiment, it is described that in the flood period, the left filter structure 330 is operated, and the right filter structure 330 is not operated, the first water intake valve is opened, and the second water intake valve, the first backflushing valve, and the second backflushing valve are closed. After a period of time, when the left filter structure 330 is clogged and back flushing is required, the first water intake valve is closed, the left filter structure 330 stops producing water, the second water intake valve is opened, and water is produced by the right filter structure 330. And then opening the first backflushing valve to backflush the left filter structure 330, and closing the first backflushing valve after the backflushing is finished. The two filter structures 330 are used for one after another, so that the continuous water production of the sinking type artificial filter 300 is ensured.

It should be noted that, in the dry period, when the two filter structures 330 are simultaneously operated, the first water intake valve and the second water intake valve are opened, and the first backflushing valve and the second backflushing valve are closed. After a period of time, when the filter structures 330 become fouled and need to be backflushed, the backflushing of both filter structures 330 may be performed at intervals, or the backflushing of both filter structures 330 may be performed simultaneously.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "preferred embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.