1. A method for removing blocky slag of aluminum electrolysis is characterized in that the blocky slag in an electrolytic bath is crushed in situ.

2. The method for removing the aluminum electrolysis blocky slag according to claim 1, wherein a steel claw for slag crushing is arranged, and the slag crushing process is as follows: and the steel claw is stretched after moving to the block slag, the block slag is wrapped, and then the steel claw is tightened to crush the block slag.

3. The utility model provides an aluminium electroloysis multi-function unit disintegrating slag device, aluminium electroloysis multi-function unit includes cart, dolly, its characterized in that, disintegrating slag device is used for the cubic sediment of broken electrolytic bath, and disintegrating slag device sets up on the dolly, and disintegrating slag device includes disintegrating slag actuating mechanism, control disintegrating slag actuating mechanism and goes up and down with the power unit of contact cubic sediment, the removal frame and the control system of connecting power unit and disintegrating slag actuating mechanism.

4. The slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the slag crushing actuator is a steel claw.

5. The slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein the opening and closing of the steel claw is controlled by a servo oil cylinder.

6. The slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the power mechanism is a servo hydraulic mechanism, the servo hydraulic mechanism comprises an oil cylinder barrel and a piston rod, the oil cylinder barrel is fixed on the trolley, and the tail end of the piston rod is connected with the movable frame.

7. The slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit as claimed in claim 6, wherein the servo hydraulic mechanism is provided with a displacement sensor for monitoring displacement information of the slag crushing actuating mechanism.

8. The slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the power mechanism is a winding driving mechanism, the winding driving mechanism comprises a winding drum fixed on the trolley and wound with a steel wire rope, and a movable pulley block or a wedge-shaped joint arranged on the movable frame, and the steel wire rope is connected to the movable pulley block or the wedge-shaped joint to realize the lifting of the movable frame.

9. The slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit as recited in claim 3, further comprising a guide sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the movable frame, wherein the guide sleeve is used for preventing the movable frame from deviating in a path in a lifting process.

10. The slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit is further provided with a measuring and positioning device for feeding back the position of the trolley.

Background

Aluminum smelting is a key development industry of nonferrous metallurgy in China, electrolysis is a main technology for producing primary aluminum, an electrolysis process is carried out by taking molten cryolite as a solvent, alumina as a solute, a carbon body as an anode and aluminum liquid as a cathode, and after strong direct current is introduced, electrochemical reaction is carried out on two electrodes in an electrolytic cell at 950-970 ℃ to obtain the primary aluminum.

In the electrolytic process, certain amount of carbon residue and hardened covering material can be stored in the molten electrolyte, some residues can be generated in subsequent crust breaking, in order to ensure the healthy operation of the electrolytic process, the traditional process flow is to carry out slag salvaging operation on electrolyte when the electrodes of an electrolytic cell are changed, in the operation process, the residues (blocky residues) need to be conveyed to a specific position by a multifunctional unit for slag crushing, the patent with the publication number of CN111908333A discloses an intelligent slag salvaging device and a slag salvaging method for the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit, the blocky residues are also fished out by the slag salvaging device, the problems of environmental pollution, potential safety hazards and the like caused by the dropping of the residues in the slag salvaging process can exist, the slag salvaging operation time is long, and the production efficiency is often influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for removing massive aluminum electrolysis slag, which omits a slag fishing step.

The invention also provides a slag crushing device of the multifunctional aluminum electrolysis unit for crushing slag in situ in the electrolytic cell.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for removing blocky slag in aluminum electrolysis comprises the step of crushing blocky slag in an electrolytic bath on site.

Further, set up the steel claw that is used for the disintegrating slag, the disintegrating slag process is: and the steel claw is stretched after moving to the block slag, the block slag is wrapped, and then the steel claw is tightened to crush the block slag.

The utility model provides an aluminium electroloysis multi-function unit disintegrating slag device, aluminium electroloysis multi-function unit includes cart, dolly, and the disintegrating slag device is used for the cubic sediment of broken electrolysis trough, and the disintegrating slag device sets up on the dolly, and the disintegrating slag device includes disintegrating slag actuating mechanism, control disintegrating slag actuating mechanism and goes up and down with the power unit, the removal frame and the control system of connecting power unit and disintegrating slag actuating mechanism of contact cubic sediment.

Further, the slag breaking executing mechanism is a steel claw.

Furthermore, the opening and closing of the steel claw are controlled by the driving of a servo oil cylinder.

Furthermore, the power mechanism is a servo hydraulic mechanism, the servo hydraulic mechanism comprises an oil cylinder barrel and a piston rod, the oil cylinder barrel is fixed on the trolley, and the tail end of the piston rod is connected with the moving frame.

Furthermore, the servo hydraulic mechanism is provided with a displacement sensor for monitoring the displacement information of the slag breaking executing mechanism.

Furthermore, the power mechanism is a winch driving mechanism, the winch driving mechanism comprises a winding drum which is fixed on the trolley and is wound with a steel wire rope, and a movable pulley block or a wedge-shaped joint which is arranged on the movable frame, and the steel wire rope is connected to the movable pulley block or the wedge-shaped joint to realize the lifting of the movable frame.

Further, still including the uide bushing of cover establishing in the removal frame periphery, the uide bushing is used for preventing to remove the frame lift in-process and takes place the route skew.

Furthermore, the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit is also provided with a measuring and positioning device for feeding back the position of the trolley.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the method of crushing the slag on site is adopted, so that the traditional step of fishing out the slag and crushing the slag is omitted, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced;

2) the slag crushing device adopts hydraulic drive steel claw to crush slag, and the steel claw performs nested extrusion on the slag, so that the slag can be crushed thoroughly.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit in embodiment 2.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description, wherein the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

Example 1

The method for removing the massive slag in the aluminum electrolysis is provided, wherein the massive slag comprises the residue left by the electrolytic reaction of the cell bottom and the residue which is crust broken and falls into an electrolytic cell, and the massive slag in the electrolytic cell is directly crushed on site.

The residues in the electrolytic cell are the raw materials of the electrolytic reaction, and at present, the residues are usually fished out and crushed in the industry, and then the crushed residues are added into the electrolytic cell. The traditional method that slag needs to be fished in the electrolytic cell is abandoned, and only the massive slag needs to be directly smashed in the electrolytic cell, so that the slag fishing step is omitted.

Specifically, can set up the steel claw and carry out the disintegrating slag, the steel claw adopts hydraulic drive control to open and shut, and the disintegrating slag process is: and moving the steel claw to the position of the blocky slag, stretching the steel claw to wrap the blocky slag, and then tightening the steel claw to crush the blocky slag.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1, the slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit comprises a cart 1 and a trolley 2, the slag crushing device is used for crushing blocky slag in an electrolytic cell 3, the slag crushing device is arranged on the trolley 2, the trolley 2 is also provided with an operating room rotary connecting frame 4 and a crust breaking mechanism 5 (the crust breaking mechanism is in a conventional design and is not the point of the invention of the present application, the trolley is further provided with an electrode pulling mechanism and the like according to the convention, the actual working area of the mechanisms is limited, the rotary connecting frame is used for transferring the mechanisms to a working position when the mechanisms are required, and the rotary connecting frame is in a conventional arrangement), and the slag crushing device comprises a slag execution mechanism, a power mechanism for controlling the slag execution mechanism to ascend and descend so as to contact the blocky slag, a moving frame 61 for connecting the power mechanism and the slag execution mechanism, and a control system.

The slag crushing executing mechanism is two opposite steel claws 62, preferably the steel claws are designed into multi-finger steel claws, the multi-finger steel claws are in a structure imitating fingers of a human body, the opening and closing of the two steel claws 62 are controlled through a servo oil cylinder, specifically, the driving control of the multi-finger steel claws is the same as the driving control of a slag salvaging cabin in an aluminum electrolysis multifunctional crown block patent with the publication number of CN201087073Y, the structure of the slag salvaging cabin is changed into the multi-finger steel claws, and the tops of the multi-finger steel claws are connected with the moving frame 61 through a mounting seat 63 (namely a cabin seat in CN 201087073Y). After the slag crushing device receives a slag crushing instruction of the control system, the servo oil cylinder drives the two steel claws to expand outwards and then close, blocky slag in the electrolytic bath is fished up and clamped, then the servo oil cylinder continues to drive the steel claws to start closing, in the closing process, a gap between the two steel claws is gradually reduced, the 'fingers' of the two steel claws are used for nesting and extruding the slag, finally, the blocky slag can be completely extruded into crushed slag materials, then the servo oil cylinder resets, the two steel claws expand, and the crushed slag is released.

The power mechanism is a servo hydraulic mechanism 64, as shown in fig. 1, the servo hydraulic mechanism comprises an oil cylinder barrel and a piston rod, the oil cylinder barrel is fixed on the trolley 2, the tail end of the piston rod is connected with the movable frame 61 through a pin shaft, and the movable frame 61 is connected with the mounting seat 63 of the slag breaking execution mechanism through a flange plate and a bolt.

Because of the whole automatic conduct of the disintegrating slag operation of disintegrating slag device, aluminium electroloysis multifunctional unit goes up except that having distributed the mechanism of crust breaking, the disintegrating slag device, pull out utmost point mechanism in addition, reinforced mechanism etc. every mechanism can only move in station place region at the during operation, otherwise can touch other mechanisms, consequently need monitor disintegrating slag actuating mechanism's relevant displacement information immediately, specifically can set up displacement sensor on servo hydraulic pressure mechanism 64 and monitor this displacement information, displacement sensor's response ring sets up in hydro-cylinder department, increase the response rope at the piston rod center, when the response rope passed the response ring, displacement sensor sensed displacement information promptly.

The disintegrating slag actuating mechanism follows and removes frame 61 and is driven the lift by servo hydraulic pressure mechanism's piston rod, it is longer to generally remove the frame setting, at the lift in-process, disintegrating slag actuating mechanism can squint the vertical route of marcing, lead to the disintegrating slag process not at control system's controllable within range, for the lift that ensures that disintegrating slag actuating mechanism takes place all the time is vertical direction, the disintegrating slag device is still being provided with uide bushing 65 in removing frame 61 periphery, the uide bushing tip is connected with the hydro-cylinder, the uide bushing other end extends to and removes the frame end.

In order to control the working process, people need to know the real-time position of the trolley 2, a measuring and positioning device 66 can be arranged on the rotary connecting frame 4 to feed back the position of the trolley, and the measuring and positioning device is a conventional laser ranging sensor, such as a SICK (sic) laser sensor DL 100.

Generally, the blocky slag floats on the aluminum liquid, and the size of the steel claw is specially designed, so that the steel claw can just cover the electrolytic bath when being opened, and most of the blocky slag can be fished up and extruded to be crushed; even if the size of the steel claw is not matched with that of the electrolytic bath, a relevant scanning device can be arranged on the trolley to scan the blocky slag (a corresponding scanning device can be designed by a person skilled in the art according to relevant characteristics of the blocky slag, the scanning device does not belong to the invention point of the application, and the description is omitted here) so as to determine the position of the blocky slag, and thus the trolley and the trolley are guided to be positioned to the corresponding positions to carry out slag crushing.

The utility model provides a cart, dolly all have automatic positioning system, and automatic positioning system is the accurate positioning system of driving a vehicle based on PLC programming control motion trail, installs laser range finding sensor on the driving a vehicle, and the application PLC programming carries out the path planning, according to laser range finding sensor's real-time position information, controls converter dynamic output speed, reaches quick, accurate and steady location. The specific positioning steps are as follows: step 1, setting acceleration, deceleration, target speed, positioning completion interval, positioning completion setting time, positioning precision interval and operation period in the operation process; step 2, calculating a running track according to the set acceleration, deceleration and target speed; step 3, in the control process, dynamically outputting the speed according to the actual position feedback and the running track calculated in the step 2; and 4, step 4: starting timing when the positioning interval is reached, finishing positioning when the timing reaches the set positioning finishing time, exiting control and stopping speed output; and 5, checking a positioning completion result after positioning is finished, judging that positioning is successful when the actual position is within the positioning precision range, judging that positioning is failed if the actual position is not within the positioning precision range, and controlling the control system to perform positioning again. The automatic positioning system is of conventional design in the industry and will not be described in great detail herein.

The process of crushing the slag by adopting the slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit comprises the following steps: the multifunctional aluminum electrolysis unit receives a slag crushing instruction, the control system controls the cart and the trolley to complete initial positioning in the plane direction, the measuring and positioning device collects and feeds back spatial position information, the control system performs calculation and analysis, controls the cart and the trolley to complete plane position positioning and correction, plans a subsequent slag crushing operation path and an action sequence and sends out an action instruction, the power mechanism receives the instruction and then drives the movable frame to vertically move along the guide sleeve, the slag crushing execution mechanism is accurately sent to a specified position to perform slag crushing operation, and the vertical lifting motion of the slag crushing execution mechanism and the opening and closing motion of the two multi-finger steel claws are matched to realize block slag crushing during operation until the operation is completed.

The slag crushing device of the aluminum electrolysis multifunctional unit can directly recycle crushed residues in an electrolytic bath, greatly improves the operation efficiency, lightens the labor intensity of workers, guarantees the personal safety of the workers, reduces the environmental pollution, and has the advantages of environmental protection, energy saving and environmental protection.

Example 3

This example differs from example 2 in that: the power mechanism is a winch driving mechanism, the winch driving mechanism comprises a winding drum which is fixed on the trolley and is wound with a steel wire rope, and a movable pulley block or a wedge-shaped joint which is arranged on the movable frame, and the steel wire rope is connected to the movable pulley block or the wedge-shaped joint to realize the lifting of the movable frame.

Of course, the power mechanism is not limited to the above structural design, and may be a rack and pinion mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism, or the like, and in any design, the power mechanism may be any one that can drive the slag breaking actuating mechanism to vertically lift.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.