1. The conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 92.5 to 94.5 percent of Cu, 2.5 to 3.5 percent of Ti, 2.5 to 3.5 percent of Ni and 0.5 to 1.5 percent of V, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent.

2. A preparation method of a conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps:

step 1, weighing the following materials in percentage by mass: 92.5 to 94.5 percent of copper, 2.5 to 3.5 percent of sponge titanium, 2.5 to 3.5 percent of nickel and 0.5 to 1.5 percent of vanadium, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;

step 2, putting copper, sponge titanium, nickel and vanadium into a crucible, wherein the crucible is made of magnesia, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and after smelting is finished, pouring and cooling molten liquid metal in a water-cooled copper crucible to obtain an alloy ingot;

step 3, placing the alloy ingot into an atmosphere tube furnace for homogenization treatment, preserving heat for 6-10 hours after the temperature of the furnace is raised to 900-950 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a homogenized alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the homogenization process;

step 4, putting the homogenized sample into an atmosphere tube furnace again for solution treatment, preserving the heat for 3-5 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 800-900 ℃, performing quenching treatment after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a solid-solution alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the process of solution treatment;

and 5, placing the alloy ingot subjected to the solution treatment into an atmosphere tube furnace for aging treatment, preserving the heat for 2-10 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 350-550 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and introducing argon for protection in the aging treatment process to obtain the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the purity of copper in step 1 is not less than 99.9%, the purity of sponge titanium is not less than 99.9%, the purity of nickel is not less than 99.9%, and the purity of vanadium is not less than 99.9%.

4. The method for preparing an electrically conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy according to claim 2, wherein the degree of vacuum of melting in step 2 is not less than 10^-3Pa。

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the quenching water temperature in step 4 is 20-30 ℃.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the protective gas in steps 3, 4 and 5 is argon.

Background

The copper-based alloy has good electric and heat conducting properties and excellent mechanical properties, and is widely applied to the fields of electric conduction devices, instruments and meters, computer technology, communication technology, precision machine manufacturing and the like. To date, as many as one hundred copper alloys have been used in the industry, beryllium bronze is the most mature. Beryllium bronze has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, excellent high strength, and good fatigue and corrosion resistance. Beryllium bronze has outstanding performance and plays an important role in the development of modern industrialization, but the production cost is higher, toxic substances such as beryllium oxide and the like are generated in the production process, the green environmental protection concept is not met, the production process of the beryllium bronze is complex, and the high-temperature stability is poorer. In recent years, novel environment-friendly conductive elastic copper alloy capable of replacing beryllium bronze is continuously sought at home and abroad, and the development of novel copper alloy with excellent mechanical property, conductive property and high-temperature property has important engineering significance and practical value.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide the Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy with simple production process, environmental protection, low cost, high elongation and good conductivity and the preparation method thereof, and solves the problem of poor conductivity of the Cu-Ti alloy in the prior art.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy.

The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu92.5-94.5 percent, Ti2.5-3.5 percent, Ni2.5-3.5 percent, V0.5-1.5 percent, and the sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100 percent.

The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is a preparation method of the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy, which comprises the following specific steps:

step 1, weighing the following materials in percentage by mass: 92.5 to 94.5 percent of copper block, 2.5 to 3.5 percent of sponge titanium, 2.5 to 3.5 percent of nickel block and 0.5 to 1.5 percent of vanadium block, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;

step 2, putting a copper block, a titanium sponge block, a nickel block and a vanadium block into a crucible, wherein the crucible is made of magnesia, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and after smelting is finished, pouring and cooling molten liquid metal in a water-cooled copper crucible to obtain an alloy ingot;

step 3, placing the alloy ingot into an atmosphere tube furnace for homogenization treatment, preserving heat for 6-10 hours after the temperature of the furnace is raised to 900-950 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a homogenized alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the homogenization process;

step 4, putting the homogenized sample into an atmosphere tube furnace again for solution treatment, preserving the heat for 3-5 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 800-900 ℃, performing quenching treatment after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a solid-solution alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the process of solution treatment;

and 5, placing the alloy ingot subjected to the solution treatment into an atmosphere tube furnace for aging treatment, preserving heat for 2-10 hours after the temperature of the furnace is raised to 350-550 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and introducing argon for protection in the aging treatment process.

The present invention is also characterized in that,

the smelting vacuum degree of the step 2 is not less than 10^-3Pa。

The water temperature of the quenching water in the step 4 is 20-30 ℃.

The purity of the copper block in the step 1 is not less than 99.9%, the purity of the titanium sponge is not less than 99.9%, the purity of the nickel block is not less than 99.9%, and the purity of the vanadium block is not less than 99.9%.

The protective gas for step 3, step 4 and step 5 is argon.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the high-strength high-conductivity Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy, Ni and Ti form an intermetallic compound, the tensile strength, hardness and conductivity of the alloy are improved, and the introduction of V can be used for refining grains and further enhancing the alloy matrix. Therefore, the conductive elastic copper alloy with good comprehensive performance can be obtained by a simple and feasible heat treatment method.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a photograph of a microstructure of an electrically conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides a conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu92.5-95.5 percent, Ti2.5-3.5 percent, Ni2.5-3.5 percent and V0.5-1.5 percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent.

A conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy and a preparation process are shown in figure 1, and the preparation method comprises the following operation steps:

step 1, weighing the following materials in percentage by mass: 92.5-94.5% of copper block with purity not less than 99.9%, 2.5-3.5% of sponge titanium with purity not less than 99.9%, 2.5-3.5% of nickel block with purity not less than 99.9% and 0.5-1.5% of vanadium block with purity not less than 99.9%, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100%;

step 2, putting copper, titanium sponge, nickel and vanadium into a crucible, selecting a magnesia material for the crucible, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, wherein the vacuum degree is not less than 10^-3Pa, after the smelting is finished, pouring and cooling molten liquid metal in a water-cooled copper crucible to obtain an alloy ingot;

step 3, placing the alloy ingot into an atmosphere tube furnace for homogenization treatment, preserving heat for 6-10 hours after the temperature of the furnace is raised to 900-950 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a homogenized alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the homogenization process;

step 4, putting the homogenized sample into an atmosphere tube furnace again for solution treatment, preserving the heat for 3-5 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 800-900 ℃, and then carrying out quenching treatment after the heat preservation is finished, wherein the temperature of the quenching water is 20-30 ℃ to obtain a solid solution alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the process of the solution treatment;

and 5, placing the alloy ingot subjected to the solution treatment into an atmosphere tube furnace for aging treatment, preserving the heat for 2-10 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 350-550 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and introducing argon for protection in the aging treatment process to obtain the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy.

Example 1

Step 1, weighing the following materials in percentage by mass: 9.45kg of copper with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.25kg of sponge titanium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.25kg of nickel with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent and 0.05kg of vanadium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;

step 2, putting the copper block, the titanium sponge, the nickel block and the vanadium block into a crucible, wherein the crucible is made of magnesia, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and the smelting vacuum degree is 0.3 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, after the smelting is finished, pouring and cooling molten liquid metal in a water-cooled copper crucible to obtain an alloy ingot;

step 3, placing the alloy ingot into an atmosphere tube furnace for homogenization treatment, preserving heat for 10 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 900 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a homogenized alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the homogenization process;

step 4, putting the homogenized sample into an atmosphere tube furnace again for solution treatment, preserving heat for 5 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 800 ℃, carrying out quenching treatment after the heat preservation is finished, wherein the temperature of the quenching water is 20 ℃, obtaining a solid-solution alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the process of solution treatment;

and 5, placing the alloy ingot subjected to the solution treatment into an atmosphere tube furnace for aging treatment, preserving the heat for 10 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 350 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and introducing argon for protection in the aging treatment process to obtain the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy.

Example 2

Step 1, weighing the following materials in percentage by mass: 9.25kg of copper with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.35kg of sponge titanium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.35kg of nickel with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent and 0.05kg of vanadium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;

step 2, putting the copper block, the titanium sponge, the nickel block and the vanadium block into a crucible, wherein the crucible is made of magnesia, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and the smelting vacuum degree is 0.4 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, after the smelting is finished, pouring and cooling molten liquid metal in a water-cooled copper crucible to obtain an alloy ingot;

step 3, placing the alloy ingot into an atmosphere tube furnace for homogenization treatment, preserving heat for 9 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 910 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a homogenized alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the homogenization process;

step 4, putting the homogenized sample into an atmosphere tube furnace again for solution treatment, preserving heat for 4.5 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 820 ℃, carrying out quenching treatment after the heat preservation is finished, wherein the temperature of quenching water is 24 ℃, obtaining a solid solution alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the process of solution treatment;

and 5, placing the alloy ingot subjected to the solution treatment into an atmosphere tube furnace for aging treatment, keeping the temperature for 8 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 400 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the temperature is kept, and introducing argon for protection in the aging treatment process to obtain the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy.

Example 3

Step 1, weighing the following materials in percentage by mass: 9.35kg of copper with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.25kg of sponge titanium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.25kg of nickel with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent and 0.15kg of vanadium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;

step 2, putting the copper block, the titanium sponge, the nickel block and the vanadium block into a crucible, wherein the crucible is made of magnesia, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and the smelting vacuum degree is 0.6 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, after the smelting is finished, pouring and cooling molten liquid metal in a water-cooled copper crucible to obtain an alloy ingot;

step 3, placing the alloy ingot into an atmosphere tube furnace for homogenization treatment, preserving heat for 8 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 920 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a homogenized alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the homogenization process;

step 4, putting the homogenized sample into an atmosphere tube furnace again for solution treatment, preserving heat for 5 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 840 ℃, carrying out quenching treatment after the heat preservation is finished, wherein the temperature of the quenching water is 25 ℃, obtaining a solid-solution alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the process of solution treatment;

and 5, placing the alloy ingot subjected to the solution treatment into an atmosphere tube furnace for aging treatment, keeping the temperature for 6 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 450 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the temperature is kept, and introducing argon for protection in the aging treatment process to obtain the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy.

Example 4

Step 1, weighing the following materials in percentage by mass: 9.30kg of copper with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.30kg of sponge titanium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.30kg of nickel with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent and 0.10kg of vanadium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;

step 2, putting the copper block, the titanium sponge, the nickel block and the vanadium block into a crucible, wherein the crucible is made of magnesia, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and the smelting vacuum degree is 0.3 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, after the smelting is finished, pouring and cooling molten liquid metal in a water-cooled copper crucible to obtain an alloy ingot;

step 3, placing the alloy ingot into an atmosphere tube furnace for homogenization treatment, preserving heat for 7 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 930 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a homogenized alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the homogenization process;

step 4, putting the homogenized sample into an atmosphere tube furnace again for solution treatment, preserving heat for 3.5 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 870 ℃, carrying out quenching treatment after the heat preservation is finished, wherein the temperature of the quenching water is 27 ℃, obtaining a solid solution alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the process of solution treatment;

and 5, placing the alloy ingot subjected to the solution treatment into an atmosphere tube furnace for aging treatment, keeping the temperature for 4 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 500 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the temperature is kept, and introducing argon for protection in the aging treatment process to obtain the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy.

Example 5

Step 1, weighing the following materials in percentage by mass: 9.30kg of copper blocks with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.32kg of sponge titanium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, 0.28kg of nickel blocks with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent and 0.10kg of vanadium with the purity of not less than 99.9 percent, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the above components is 100 percent;

step 2, putting copper, sponge titanium, nickel and vanadium into a crucible, wherein the crucible is made of magnesia, smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace, and the smelting vacuum degree is 0.7 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, after the smelting is finished, pouring and cooling molten liquid metal in a water-cooled copper crucible to obtain an alloy ingot;

step 3, placing the alloy ingot into an atmosphere tube furnace for homogenization treatment, preserving heat for 6 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 950 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a homogenized alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the homogenization process;

step 4, putting the homogenized sample into an atmosphere tube furnace again for solution treatment, preserving heat for 3 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 900 ℃, carrying out quenching treatment after the heat preservation is finished, wherein the temperature of the quenching water is 30 ℃, obtaining a solid-solution alloy ingot, and introducing argon for protection in the process of solution treatment;

and 5, placing the alloy ingot subjected to the solution treatment into an atmosphere tube furnace for aging treatment, preserving heat for 2 hours after the temperature of the furnace rises to 550 ℃, cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and introducing argon for protection in the aging treatment process to obtain the conductive elastic Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy.

The Cu-Ti alloy with the Ti element content of 2.2-3.5 wt.% has excellent mechanical property, but the conductivity is poor. Based on the reasons, the researchers at home and abroad research Cu-3Ti series alloys, Ni and Ti have strong affinity and can form Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds, but the research finds that the addition of Ni can coarsen Cu-Ti-Ni alloy grains, reduce the alloy strength, and the element V can reduce the diffusion coefficient of copper, inhibit the grain boundary migration and generate dispersed micro particles so as to refine the grains, so that the addition of 1 wt.% V can refine the Cu-Ti-Ni alloy grains to achieve the purpose of consistent increase of the conductivity and the strength of the alloy.

FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the microstructure of a Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy, in which dense short rod-like precipitates are present in the interior of crystal grains and elongated needle-like phases are precipitated.

TABLE 1 comparison of the Performance parameters of the examples with those of Cu-Ti alloys

It is apparent from examples 1 to 5 that the Cu-Ti-Ni-V alloy prepared by the method of the present invention has reduced hardness and strength, but significantly improved elongation and conductivity, compared to the Cu-Ti alloy.