1. A pyrolysis reaction device is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis module, a shell and a latent heat storage module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the pyrolysis module comprises at least one pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis reactors are distributed in a reaction cavity enclosed by the shell;

the shell is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet and a heat exchange fluid outlet, and the heat exchange fluid inlet and the heat exchange fluid outlet are both communicated with the reaction cavity;

the latent heat storage module is arranged in the reaction cavity between the pyrolysis reactor and the heat exchange fluid inlet;

the latent heat storage module comprises a plurality of latent heat medium packaging particles, and solid-liquid phase change media are filled in the latent heat medium packaging particles.

2. A pyrolysis reaction device according to claim 1, wherein the outside of the plurality of latent heat medium encapsulated particles is a shell, the lower half part of the inner cavity of the plurality of latent heat medium encapsulated particles is provided with a plurality of heat conducting skeletons, one end of the plurality of heat conducting skeletons is connected with the shell, and gaps of the plurality of heat conducting skeletons are filled with the solid-liquid phase change medium;

the upper half parts of the inner cavities of the latent heat medium packaging particles are filled with nano particles.

3. A pyrolysis reaction device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the solid-liquid phase change medium material comprises lithium bromide.

4. A pyrolysis reaction apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the casing is made of stainless steel, Incoloy 800H, the thermally conductive skeleton is made of graphite foam, and the nanoparticles are made of nano-copper.

5. A pyrolysis reaction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a diameter of the latent heat medium encapsulating particles is 10 to 20mm, and a thickness of the shell is 2 to 5 mm;

the ratio of the total volume of the heat-conducting framework to the volume of the inner cavities of the latent heat medium packaging particles is (0.3-0.6) to 1;

the particle size of the nanometer particles is 0.01-0.1 mu m, and the mass ratio of the nanometer particles to the solid-liquid phase change medium is (0.03-0.05) to 1.

6. A pyrolytic reaction device according to claim 1 wherein a plurality of latent heat medium encapsulated particles are placed in an inner cavity of a load bearing shell, one side of the load bearing shell is communicated with the heat exchange fluid inlet, the other side of the load bearing shell is communicated with the reaction chamber through at least one through hole, and the inner cavity of the load bearing shell is in an inverted cone shape.

7. A pyrolysis reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the housing is a heat insulating housing, a top cover is provided on a top of the housing, and the top cover is provided with a volatile matter discharge port;

a pyrolysis cavity is arranged in the pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis cavity is communicated with the volatile component discharge port.

8. The pyrolysis reaction device of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange fluid inlet is disposed at the bottom of the shell, the first partition plate is disposed at the top of the reaction chamber, the first partition plate is provided with a plurality of first through holes matched with the outer wall of the pyrolysis reactor, the top end of the pyrolysis reactor is disposed in the first through holes, the first partition plate separates the reaction chamber from the top opening of the pyrolysis reactor, and the heat exchange fluid outlet is disposed at the side wall of the shell below the first partition plate.

9. A pyrolysis reaction apparatus according to claim 1 or 7, wherein an inner diameter of the pyrolysis reactor in a center of the reaction chamber is larger than an inner diameter of the pyrolysis reactor in an edge of the reaction chamber;

a heat conduction frame is connected between every two adjacent pyrolysis reactors;

the middle or middle upper part of the reaction cavity is provided with a second partition plate, the second partition plate is conical, the outer edge of the second partition plate is in contact with or connected with the inner wall of the shell, the second partition plate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the pyrolysis reactor is arranged in the second through holes in a penetrating mode, and the diameter of the second through holes, which is located in the center of the second partition plate, is larger than the outer diameter of the pyrolysis reactor which penetrates through the second through holes.

10. A distributed concentrated solar driven pyrolysis reaction system comprising a concentrated heat collecting device, a bio-oil condenser, a filter, a gas storage tank and a pyrolysis reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

the output end of the light-focusing and heat-collecting device is connected with the heat exchange fluid inlet of the pyrolysis reaction device, and the input end of the light-focusing and heat-collecting device is connected with the heat exchange fluid outlet of the pyrolysis reaction device;

and a volatile component discharge port of the pyrolysis reaction device is connected with the biological oil condenser, the other side of the biological oil condenser is connected with the filter, and the filter is connected with the gas storage tank.

Background

With the economic development and the expansion of population scale, the energy consumption is increasing day by day, and the world energy situation is severe. Meanwhile, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the combustion of traditional energy sources such as coal and the like becomes a worldwide problem influencing the survival and development of human beings at present. The popularization and utilization of novel energy sources are imperative, wherein the biomass energy is clean and pollution-free, and has obvious advantages in the utilization potential of the new energy sources.

The biomass self-combustion pyrolysis reaction is a biomass energy utilization mode, but the utilization rate is low. The pyrolysis reaction of biomass using an external heat source, for example, the pyrolysis of biomass using solar energy, is also a utilization form of biomass energy, but it is subject to the transient fluctuation of a solar heat source, resulting in instability of the pyrolysis reaction of biomass. Especially in the distributed application environment, the device is limited by cost and volume, and the problem of heat load pulse caused by solar instantaneous intermittence is difficult to solve through large-scale heat storage and mirror field precise control which are conventionally adopted in industrial scale.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem of low biomass pyrolysis efficiency caused by heat source fluctuation, the invention provides a pyrolysis reaction device, which can stably carry out biomass pyrolysis reaction and avoid low biomass pyrolysis efficiency caused by heat source fluctuation.

The invention also provides a distributed concentrating solar driven pyrolysis reaction system.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the application provides a pyrolysis reaction device, which comprises a pyrolysis module, a shell and a latent heat storage module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the pyrolysis module comprises at least one pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis reactors are distributed in a reaction cavity enclosed by the shell;

the shell is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet and a heat exchange fluid outlet, and the heat exchange fluid inlet and the heat exchange fluid outlet are both communicated with the reaction cavity;

the latent heat storage module is arranged in the reaction cavity between the pyrolysis reactor and the heat exchange fluid inlet;

the latent heat storage module comprises a plurality of latent heat medium packaging particles, and solid-liquid phase change media are filled in the latent heat medium packaging particles.

Optionally, a shell is arranged outside the latent heat medium packaging particles, a plurality of heat conduction frameworks are arranged on the lower half part of the inner cavity of the latent heat medium packaging particles, one ends of the heat conduction frameworks are connected with the shell, and the solid-liquid phase change medium is filled in gaps among the heat conduction frameworks;

the upper half parts of the inner cavities of the latent heat medium packaging particles are filled with nano particles.

Optionally, the solid-liquid phase change medium material includes lithium bromide.

Optionally, the material of the casing includes stainless steel, Incoloy 800H, the material of the heat conducting framework includes graphite foam, and the material of the nanoparticles includes nano-copper.

Optionally, the diameter of the latent heat medium packaging particles is 10-20 mm, and the thickness of the shell is 2-5 mm;

the ratio of the total volume of the heat-conducting framework to the volume of the inner cavities of the latent heat medium packaging particles is (0.3-0.6) to 1;

the particle size of the nanometer particles is 0.01-0.1 mu m, and the mass ratio of the nanometer particles to the solid-liquid phase change medium is (0.03-0.05) to 1.

Optionally, a plurality of latent heat medium encapsulated particles are arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing shell, one side of the bearing shell is communicated with the heat exchange fluid inlet, the other side of the bearing shell is communicated with the reaction cavity through at least one through hole, and the inner cavity of the bearing shell is in an inverted cone shape.

Optionally, the shell is a heat-insulating shell, a top cover is arranged at the top of the shell, and the top cover is provided with a volatile component discharge port;

a pyrolysis cavity is arranged in the pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis cavity is communicated with the volatile component discharge port.

Optionally, the heat exchange fluid inlet is disposed at the bottom of the shell, a first partition plate is disposed at the top of the reaction chamber, the first partition plate is provided with a plurality of first via holes matched with the outer wall of the pyrolysis reactor, the top end of the pyrolysis reactor is disposed in the first via holes, the first partition plate separates the reaction chamber from the top opening of the pyrolysis reactor, and the heat exchange fluid outlet is disposed on the side wall of the shell below the first partition plate.

Optionally, the inner diameter of the pyrolysis reactor at the center of the reaction cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the pyrolysis reactor at the edge of the reaction cavity;

a heat conduction frame is connected between every two adjacent pyrolysis reactors;

the middle or middle upper part of the reaction cavity is provided with a second partition plate, the second partition plate is conical, the outer edge of the second partition plate is in contact with or connected with the inner wall of the shell, the second partition plate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the pyrolysis reactor is arranged in the second through holes in a penetrating mode, and the diameter of the second through holes, which is located in the center of the second partition plate, is larger than the outer diameter of the pyrolysis reactor which penetrates through the second through holes.

Based on the same invention concept, the application also provides a distributed light-gathering solar-driven pyrolysis reaction system, which comprises a light-gathering heat-collecting device, a bio-oil condenser, a filter, a gas storage tank and the pyrolysis reaction device;

the output end of the light-focusing and heat-collecting device is connected with the heat exchange fluid inlet of the pyrolysis reaction device, and the input end of the light-focusing and heat-collecting device is connected with the heat exchange fluid outlet of the pyrolysis reaction device;

and a volatile component discharge port of the pyrolysis reaction device is connected with the biological oil condenser, the other side of the biological oil condenser is connected with the filter, and the filter is connected with the gas storage tank.

One or more technical schemes in the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:

1. the invention relates to a pyrolysis reaction device, wherein a latent heat storage module is arranged in a reaction cavity between a pyrolysis reactor and a heat exchange fluid inlet, the latent heat storage module comprises a plurality of latent heat medium packaging particles, solid-liquid phase change media are filled in the latent heat medium packaging particles, before the heat exchange fluid enters the reaction cavity from the heat exchange fluid inlet, the heat exchange fluid needs to flow through the latent heat medium packaging particles of the latent heat storage module, the heat exchange fluid flows through the surfaces of the latent heat medium packaging particles, part of the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the latent heat medium packaging particles, the internal solid-liquid phase change media absorb heat and are converted into liquid, so that the heat is stored, when a solar heat source generates instantaneous fluctuation, the temperature of the entering heat exchange fluid is reduced, the solid-liquid phase change media exchange heat with the heat exchange fluid with relatively lower temperature, and the temperature of the heat exchange fluid entering the reaction cavity is increased, the fluctuation of the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is reduced, so that the reaction in the pyrolysis reactor is more stable.

2. The invention relates to a distributed light-gathering solar-driven pyrolysis reaction system, wherein a light-gathering heat collecting device is used as a heat source of pyrolysis reaction, the conventional light-gathering heat collecting device is adopted, heat exchange fluid with higher temperature after heat exchange is conveyed to a heat exchange fluid inlet, then enters a latent heat storage module and a pyrolysis cavity to supply heat for the pyrolysis reaction, the latent heat storage module stores part of heat, the heat exchange fluid is subjected to heat exchange, the temperature is reduced, the heat exchange fluid flows out from a heat exchange fluid outlet, enters an input end of the light-gathering heat collecting device to carry out heat exchange and temperature rise, volatile components generated by the pyrolysis reaction enter a condenser, are condensed and separated to obtain pyrolysis bio-oil, enter a filter to obtain pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas is stored in a gas storage tank, the pyrolysis reaction device of the system is provided with the latent heat storage module, so that heat can be stored, the biomass pyrolysis reaction is stably carried out, and the biomass pyrolysis efficiency caused by fluctuation of a heat source is avoided.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pyrolysis reaction apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pyrolysis reaction apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of latent heat medium encapsulating particles according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a distributed concentrating solar-driven pyrolysis reaction system according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a temperature distribution of a pyrolysis unit in operation of a pyrolysis reaction apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature change of the heat exchange fluid output to the pyrolysis unit with time under the thermal load impact of the heat exchange fluid temperature of 400 ℃ for 10 min.

In the figure: 1-a pyrolysis reactor, 11-a pyrolysis cavity, 12-a second partition plate, 2-a shell, 21-a heat exchange fluid inlet, 22-a heat exchange fluid outlet, 23-a top cover, 24-a volatile component discharge outlet, 3-a reaction cavity, 4-latent heat medium packaging particles, 41-a solid-liquid phase change medium, 42-a shell, 43-a heat conducting framework, 44-nanoparticles, 5-a bearing shell, 6-a first partition plate, 7-a light gathering and heat collecting device, 8-a bio-oil condenser, 9-a filter and 10-a gas storage tank.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.

It should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea is as follows:

according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a pyrolysis reaction apparatus is provided, including a pyrolysis module, a housing, and a latent heat storage module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the pyrolysis module comprises at least one pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis reactors are distributed in a reaction cavity enclosed by the shell;

the shell is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet and a heat exchange fluid outlet, and the heat exchange fluid inlet and the heat exchange fluid outlet are both communicated with the reaction cavity;

the latent heat storage module is arranged in the reaction cavity between the pyrolysis reactor and the heat exchange fluid inlet;

the latent heat storage module comprises a plurality of latent heat medium packaging particles, and solid-liquid phase change media are filled in the latent heat medium packaging particles.

In the invention, a latent heat storage module is arranged in a reaction cavity between a pyrolysis reactor and a heat exchange fluid inlet, the latent heat storage module comprises a plurality of latent heat medium packaging particles, solid-liquid phase change media are filled in the latent heat medium packaging particles, heat exchange fluid needs to flow through the latent heat medium packaging particles of the latent heat storage module before entering the reaction cavity from the heat exchange fluid inlet, the heat exchange fluid flows through the surfaces of the latent heat medium packaging particles, part of the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the latent heat medium packaging particles, the solid-liquid phase change media in the heat exchange fluid are absorbed and converted into liquid, so that heat is stored, when a solar heat source generates instantaneous fluctuation, the temperature of the entering heat exchange fluid is reduced, the solid-liquid phase change media exchange heat with the heat exchange fluid with relatively lower temperature, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid entering the reaction cavity is increased, and the fluctuation of the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is reduced, the reaction in the pyrolysis reactor is made more stable.

As an optional implementation manner, a shell is arranged outside the latent heat medium encapsulated particles, a plurality of heat conducting frameworks are arranged on the lower half part of the inner cavity of the latent heat medium encapsulated particles, one ends of the heat conducting frameworks are connected with the shell, and gaps of the heat conducting frameworks are filled with the solid-liquid phase change medium;

the upper half parts of the inner cavities of the latent heat medium packaging particles are filled with nano particles.

In this application, be equipped with a plurality of heat conduction skeletons, a plurality of in the lower half of latent heat medium encapsulation granule's inner chamber the one end of heat conduction skeleton with the casing links to each other, and the effect of heat conduction skeleton lies in the heat exchange of strengthening latent heat medium encapsulation granule lower half to match the higher heat transfer rate that latent heat medium encapsulation granule inner chamber first is aroused by melting phase transition medium natural convection, make the heat exchange of whole latent heat medium encapsulation granule inner chamber more balanced.

In this application, the nanoparticle fills in the first half of latent heat medium encapsulation granule inner chamber, can strengthen the heat convection and the heat exchange of the solid-liquid phase change medium of first half, this is because when the heat transfer performance demand further improves, the latter half can be through changing the higher heat conduction skeleton of equivalent coefficient of heat conductivity, but under the certain circumstances of difference in temperature, the natural convection strength of first half also can not change, the heat transfer ability of first half just is not enough relatively this moment, so want further high-efficient heat transfer performance who strengthens the granule this application to introduce the nanoparticle that does not influence natural convection (can flow along with phase change medium) and strengthen first half.

In an alternative embodiment, the heat exchange fluid is air, and the solid-liquid phase change medium material includes lithium bromide.

In the application, the solid-liquid phase-change medium is lithium bromide, the melting point of the lithium bromide is 442-547 ℃, the lithium bromide can absorb heat in a phase-change manner when the temperature of the heat-transfer fluid is greater than or equal to 442 ℃, in the process of instantaneous fluctuation of a solar heat source, if the temperature of the heat-transfer fluid entering the lithium bromide is lower than 442 ℃, the solid-liquid phase-change medium and the heat-transfer fluid perform heat exchange, the stored heat is transferred to the solid-liquid phase-change medium to heat the solid-liquid phase-change medium, so that the pyrolysis reaction is ensured to be performed in a relatively stable temperature environment, the heat-transfer fluid is preferably air, other types of heat-transfer fluids can be adopted, and specific limitations are not particularly limited.

As an alternative embodiment, the material of the shell includes stainless steel, Incoloy 800H (austenitic heat-resistant alloy), the material of the heat-conducting framework includes graphite foam, and the material of the nanoparticles includes nano-copper.

In this application, the casing of latent heat medium encapsulation granule can play the effect of maintaining the appearance of latent heat medium encapsulation granule on the one hand, and on the other hand can play heat conduction effect.

As an optional embodiment, the diameter of the latent heat medium encapsulating particles is 10-20 mm, and the thickness of the shell is 2-5 mm;

the ratio of the total volume of the heat-conducting framework to the volume of the inner cavities of the latent heat medium packaging particles is (0.3-0.6) to 1;

the particle size of the nanometer particles is 0.01-0.1 mu m, and the mass ratio of the nanometer particles to the solid-liquid phase change medium is (0.03-0.05) to 1.

In the application, the diameter of the latent heat medium packaging particles is 10-20 mm, the specific surface area is moderate, the heat exchange performance is good, the heat load pulse generated by a solar energy intermittent zone can be quickly responded, the processing is difficult when the diameter is lower than the range, the response to the heat load pulse is relatively slow when the diameter is higher than the range, the stability of the pyrolysis reaction temperature is not facilitated, the volume ratio of the total volume of the heat conduction framework to the volume of the inner cavity of the latent heat medium packaging particles is (0.3-0.6) to 1, the influence of the volume ratio in the range on the natural convection of the phase change medium on the upper half part of the particles is relatively small, the benefit that the particle size of the nanoparticles is 0.01-0.1 mu m is that the processing is convenient, the cost performance is relatively high, the mass ratio of the nanoparticles to the solid-liquid phase change medium is (0.03-0.05) to 1, and the reinforcing effect is not easy to decline along with the increase of the heat charging and discharging times of the phase change medium.

As an optional implementation manner, a plurality of latent heat medium encapsulated particles are placed in an inner cavity of a bearing shell, one side of the bearing shell is communicated with the heat exchange fluid inlet, the other side of the bearing shell is communicated with the reaction cavity through at least one through hole, and the inner cavity of the bearing shell is in an inverted cone shape.

In this application, the effect of bearing shell lies in maintaining whole latent heat storage module shape, supports the pyrolysis reactor, can connect heat transfer fluid entry and reaction chamber simultaneously, and the inner chamber of bearing shell is the back taper, and the benefit lies in can distribute heat transfer fluid to the pyrolysis chamber around comparatively evenly, makes the material reaction degree in the different pyrolysis intracavity even relatively.

As an alternative embodiment, the shell is a heat-insulating shell, a top cover is arranged on the top of the shell, and the top cover is provided with a volatile component discharge port;

a pyrolysis cavity is arranged in the pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis cavity is communicated with the volatile component discharge port.

As an optional embodiment, the heat exchange fluid inlet is disposed at the bottom of the shell, the first partition plate is disposed at the top of the reaction chamber, the first partition plate is provided with a plurality of first through holes matched with the outer wall of the pyrolysis reactor, the top end of the pyrolysis reactor is disposed in the first through holes, the first partition plate separates the reaction chamber from the top opening of the pyrolysis reactor, and the heat exchange fluid outlet is disposed on the side wall of the shell below the first partition plate.

In this application, the effect of baffle one lies in avoiding heat transfer fluid and pyrolysis reactor's pyrolysis chamber contact, also avoids heat transfer fluid to discharge from volatile discharge port.

As an alternative embodiment, the inner diameter of the pyrolysis reactor at the center of the reaction cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the pyrolysis reactor at the edge of the reaction cavity;

a heat conduction frame is connected between every two adjacent pyrolysis reactors;

the middle or middle upper part of the reaction cavity is provided with a second partition plate, the second partition plate is conical, the outer edge of the second partition plate is in contact with or connected with the inner wall of the shell, the second partition plate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the pyrolysis reactor is arranged in the second through holes in a penetrating mode, the diameter of the second through holes in the center of the second partition plate is larger than the outer diameter of the pyrolysis reactor which penetrates through the second through holes, and the difference value is 5 mm.

In this application, reaction chamber central authorities pyrolysis reactor's internal diameter is greater than the reaction chamber is marginal pyrolysis reactor's internal diameter, this is because the heat transfer fluid flow that enters into reaction chamber central authorities is greater than the flow at reaction chamber edge, and marginal pyrolysis reactor internal diameter is littleer, then can avoid the heat source not enough and influence edge pyrolysis reactor's pyrolytic reaction stability.

In this application, the heat transfer between heat transfer fluid and the pyrolysis chamber can be reinforceed to the heat conduction frame because the heat transfer fluid heat diffusion coefficient that is suitable for is general relatively low.

In this application, the baffle is two and is located the baffle below, and is the toper, can make the heat transfer fluid at reaction chamber edge assemble to central authorities, makes the great pyrolysis reactor of middle part size can obtain sufficient heat, is located two central authorities of baffle the diameter of via hole two is greater than and passes this via hole two pyrolysis reactor's external diameter can make the heat transfer fluid assemble the pyrolysis reactor to central authorities and carry out the heat exchange, flows out from the second via hole of two central authorities of baffle and the pyrolysis reactor clearance (5mm width) of central authorities at last.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a distributed light-gathering solar driven pyrolysis reaction system is provided, which includes a light-gathering and heat-collecting device, a bio-oil condenser, a filter, a gas storage tank and the pyrolysis reaction device;

the output end of the light-focusing and heat-collecting device is connected with the heat exchange fluid inlet of the pyrolysis reaction device, and the input end of the light-focusing and heat-collecting device is connected with the heat exchange fluid outlet of the pyrolysis reaction device;

and a volatile component discharge port of the pyrolysis reaction device is connected with the biological oil condenser, the other side of the biological oil condenser is connected with the filter, and the filter is connected with the gas storage tank.

According to the system, the light and heat collecting device is used as a heat source of pyrolysis reaction, the conventional light and heat collecting device is adopted, heat exchange fluid with higher temperature after heat exchange is conveyed to a heat exchange fluid inlet, then enters the latent heat storage module and the pyrolysis cavity to supply heat for the pyrolysis reaction, the latent heat storage module stores part of heat, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is reduced after heat exchange, the heat exchange fluid flows out of a heat exchange fluid outlet, enters an input end of the light and heat collecting device to exchange heat and raise the temperature, volatile components generated by the pyrolysis reaction enter a condenser, pyrolysis bio-oil is obtained through condensation and separation, the pyrolysis bio-oil enters a filter to obtain pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas is stored in a gas storage tank.

In the invention, the light and heat collecting device, the bio-oil condenser, the filter and the gas storage tank can all adopt the existing equipment or devices, and the structure and the operation principle are not detailed here.

The following will describe a distributed concentrating solar-driven pyrolysis reaction apparatus in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

Example 1

A pyrolysis reaction apparatus of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, includes a pyrolysis module, a housing 2, and a latent heat storage module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the pyrolysis module comprises at least one pyrolysis reactor 1, and the pyrolysis reactors 1 are distributed in a reaction cavity 3 enclosed by the shell 2;

the shell 2 is provided with a heat exchange fluid inlet 21 and a heat exchange fluid outlet 22, and both the heat exchange fluid inlet 21 and the heat exchange fluid outlet 22 are communicated with the reaction chamber 3;

the latent heat storage module is arranged in the reaction cavity 3 between the pyrolysis reactor 1 and the heat exchange fluid inlet 21;

the latent heat storage module comprises a plurality of latent heat medium packaging particles 4, and a solid-liquid phase change medium 41 is filled in the latent heat medium packaging particles 4.

Optionally, a shell 42 is arranged outside the latent heat medium encapsulated particles 4, a plurality of heat conducting frameworks 43 are arranged on the lower half portions of the inner cavities of the latent heat medium encapsulated particles 4, one ends of the plurality of heat conducting frameworks 43 are connected with the shell 42, and the solid-liquid phase change medium 41 is filled in gaps among the plurality of heat conducting frameworks 43;

the upper half of the inner cavity of several of the latent heat medium-encapsulating particles 4 is filled with nanoparticles 44.

Optionally, the heat exchange fluid is air, and the solid-liquid phase change medium 41 is made of lithium bromide.

Optionally, the material of the casing 42 includes stainless steel, Incoloy 800H, the material of the heat conducting framework 43 includes graphite foam, and the material of the nanoparticles 44 includes nano-copper.

Optionally, the diameter of the latent heat medium packaging particles 4 is 10-20 mm, and the thickness of the shell 42 is 2-5 mm;

the ratio of the total volume of the heat-conducting framework 43 to the volume of the inner cavities of the latent heat medium packaging particles 4 is (0.3-0.6) to 1;

the particle size of the nanometer particles is 0.01-0.1 μm, and the mass ratio of the nanometer particles to the solid-liquid phase change medium 41 is (0.03-0.05): 1.

Optionally, a plurality of latent heat medium encapsulated particles 4 are arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing shell 5, one side of the bearing shell 5 is communicated with the heat exchange fluid inlet 21, the other side of the bearing shell is communicated with the reaction cavity 3 through at least one through hole, and the inner cavity of the bearing shell 5 is in an inverted cone shape.

Optionally, the outer shell 2 is a heat-insulating outer shell 2, a top cover 23 is arranged at the top of the outer shell 2, and the top cover 23 is provided with a volatile component discharge port 24;

a pyrolysis cavity 11 is arranged in the pyrolysis reactor 1, and the pyrolysis cavity 11 is communicated with the volatile component outlet 24.

Optionally, the heat exchange fluid inlet 21 is disposed at the bottom of the casing 42, a first partition plate 6 is disposed at the top of the reaction chamber 3, the first partition plate 6 is provided with a plurality of first through holes matched with the outer wall of the pyrolysis reactor 1, the top end of the pyrolysis reactor 1 is disposed in the first through holes, the first partition plate 6 separates the reaction chamber 3 from the top opening of the pyrolysis reactor 1, and the heat exchange fluid outlet 22 is disposed on the side wall of the casing 42 below the first partition plate 6.

Optionally, the inner diameter of the pyrolysis reactor 1 in the center of the reaction chamber 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the pyrolysis reactor 1 at the edge of the reaction chamber 3;

a heat conduction frame is connected between every two adjacent pyrolysis reactors 1;

the middle part or the middle upper part of the reaction cavity 3 is provided with a second partition plate 12, the second partition plate 12 is conical, the outer edge of the second partition plate 12 is in mutual contact with or is connected with the inner wall of the shell 2, the second partition plate 12 is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the pyrolysis reactor 1 is arranged in the second through holes in a penetrating mode, the diameter of the second through holes in the center of the second partition plate 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the pyrolysis reactor 1 penetrating through the second through holes, and the difference value is 5 mm.

Example 2

The distributed concentrated solar-driven pyrolysis reaction system of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, includes a concentrated heat collecting device 7, a bio-oil condenser 8, a filter 9, a gas storage tank 10, and the pyrolysis reaction device described in embodiment 1;

the output end of the light and heat collecting device 7 is connected with a heat exchange fluid inlet 21 of the pyrolysis reaction device, and the input end of the light and heat collecting device 7 is connected with a heat exchange fluid outlet 22 of the pyrolysis reaction device;

a volatile matter discharge port 24 of the pyrolysis reaction device is connected with the bio-oil condenser 8, the other side of the bio-oil condenser 8 is connected with the filter 9, and the filter 9 is connected with the gas storage tank 10.

The distribution of the internal temperature of the pyrolysis unit of the pyrolysis reaction device in operation is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the minimum reaction temperature in the pyrolysis unit is 450 ℃ and the average reaction temperature is above 500 ℃ in the operation of the device under the working conditions of the embodiment.

When the distributed concentrating solar driven pyrolysis reaction system disclosed by the invention encounters thermal load impact of 10min and 400 ℃ of heat exchange fluid under a rated working condition (temperature 530-. Compared with the output temperature under the rated working condition, the temperature change is less than 5 ℃. Therefore, under the working conditions of the embodiment, the device can effectively ensure the temperature stability of the heat exchange fluid flowing into the pyrolysis module, thereby ensuring that the quality of the pyrolysis product is not influenced by the solar energy instantaneous intermittence.

Detailed description of the drawings 5, 6:

as shown in fig. 5, a unit model of a pyrolysis reaction is shown in the figure, in which a pyrolysis chamber and a gap air heat exchange fluid around the pyrolysis chamber exchange heat, and in order to facilitate simulation, the geometry is partially simplified, it can be known from the figure that the temperature of a bottom latent heat storage module is higher than that of a heat exchange fluid at the periphery of an upper half pyrolysis chamber, the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is higher than that of the pyrolysis chamber, the temperature of the latent heat storage module is at 540-.

As shown in fig. 6, the curve is a curve of the average temperature of the heat storage module outputting the heat exchange fluid to the pyrolysis module with time, and the corresponding working conditions and events may be divided by time as follows:

(1)0-300 s: the light-gathering and heat-collecting device inputs solar energy into the system under rated power, and the heat exchange fluid flowing into the heat storage module is heated to 530 ℃ by the solar energy. Since we assume here that the heat storage module has completed charging before the start of the simulation, it can be seen from the graph in fig. 6 that the temperature of the heat storage module outputting the heat exchange fluid to the pyrolysis module is stably maintained around 530 ℃.

(2) Time 300 s: the light-focusing heat-collecting device stops receiving solar energy (simulating the common solar energy intermittence in the actual working condition), the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing into the heat storage module is reduced to 400 ℃ (the temperature is calculated according to the reaction heat consumption)

(3)300-900 s: during this period of time, the heat exchange fluid flowing into the heat storage module at 400 ℃ is heated by the heat storage module. As can be seen from FIG. 6, under the solar energy interval of 10min, the heat storage module can well maintain the stability of the temperature of the heat exchange fluid output to the pyrolysis module, and the temperature disturbance generated by the heat load pulse is less than 4 ℃.

(4) Time 900 s: the light-gathering and heat-collecting device receives the solar energy again, and the temperature of the heat exchange fluid flowing into the heat storage module returns to 530 ℃.

(5) After 900 s: at the moment, the energy of the heat storage module is almost completely released, the heat exchange fluid firstly recharges the heat storage module, so that the temperature output curve of the pyrolysis module does not return to 530 ℃ immediately, and the heat storage module needs to wait for completing recharging.

And others:

(1) the temperature fluctuation with small amplitude occurs in 900-1000s, and the fluctuation is caused by simulation error.

(2) The response of the curve is delayed compared to the moment of occurrence of the event, since the heat transfer process is not instantaneously completed. The effect of improving the heat exchange performance of the heat storage module is to reduce the response delay in addition to reducing the temperature disturbance caused by the heat load pulse.

One or more technical solutions in the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:

(1) the invention relates to a pyrolysis reaction device, wherein a latent heat storage module is arranged in a reaction cavity between a pyrolysis reactor and a heat exchange fluid inlet, the latent heat storage module comprises a plurality of latent heat medium packaging particles, solid-liquid phase change media are filled in the latent heat medium packaging particles, before the heat exchange fluid enters the reaction cavity from the heat exchange fluid inlet, the heat exchange fluid needs to flow through the latent heat medium packaging particles of the latent heat storage module, the heat exchange fluid flows through the surfaces of the latent heat medium packaging particles, part of the heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the latent heat medium packaging particles, the internal solid-liquid phase change media absorb heat and are converted into liquid, so that the heat is stored, when a solar heat source generates instantaneous fluctuation, the temperature of the entering heat exchange fluid is reduced, the solid-liquid phase change media exchange heat with the heat exchange fluid with relatively lower temperature, and the temperature of the heat exchange fluid entering the reaction cavity is increased, the fluctuation of the temperature of the heat exchange fluid is reduced, so that the reaction in the pyrolysis reactor is more stable.

(2) The invention relates to a distributed light-gathering solar-driven pyrolysis reaction system, wherein a light-gathering heat collecting device is used as a heat source of pyrolysis reaction, the conventional light-gathering heat collecting device is adopted, heat exchange fluid with higher temperature after heat exchange is conveyed to a heat exchange fluid inlet, then enters a latent heat storage module and a pyrolysis cavity to supply heat for the pyrolysis reaction, the latent heat storage module stores part of heat, the heat exchange fluid is subjected to heat exchange, the temperature is reduced, the heat exchange fluid flows out from a heat exchange fluid outlet, enters an input end of the light-gathering heat collecting device to carry out heat exchange and temperature rise, volatile components generated by the pyrolysis reaction enter a condenser, are condensed and separated to obtain pyrolysis bio-oil, enter a filter to obtain pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas is stored in a gas storage tank, the pyrolysis reaction device of the system is provided with the latent heat storage module, so that heat can be stored, the biomass pyrolysis reaction is stably carried out, and the biomass pyrolysis efficiency caused by fluctuation of a heat source is avoided.

Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.