1. The lightweight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of ASA plastic, 20-30 parts of modified plastic, 5-15 parts of inorganic filler, 1-3 parts of lubricant, 2-6 parts of toughening agent, 0.2-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.2-0.8 part of foaming agent.

2. The light weight ASA-modified composite for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the modified plastic is one of PETG, PMMA, PLA, ABS.

3. The light weight ASA-modified composite for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic filler comprises at least one of talc, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate whiskers.

4. The light weight ASA-modified composite for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant comprises at least one of dioctyl phthalate, natural wax, stearamide; the toughening agent is one of CTBN, ETBN, glass fiber and carbon fiber; the antioxidant is one of triphenyl phosphite, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-octadecyl hydroxyphenylpropionate.

5. A preparation method of the light-weight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing, which is applied to the light-weight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing of any one of claims 1 to 4, and which comprises the following steps:

drying the raw materials at 80-100 ℃ for 4-8 h;

mixing the dried raw materials in proportion, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material for 2 to 3 hours at the temperature of between 90 and 110 ℃;

and adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the PETG plastic at 50 ℃ for 5 hours;

adding 65 parts of ASA plastic, 20 parts of PETG plastic, 8.5 parts of 800-mesh calcium sulfate whisker inorganic filler, 2 parts of dioctyl phthalate lubricant, 4 parts of 150-mesh glass fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinking polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 90 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 225 ℃, the screw speed was 60rpm, and the feed speed was 8 rpm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the PMMA plastic at 100 ℃ for 4 h;

adding 60 parts of ASA plastic, 24 parts of PMMA plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh talcum powder inorganic filler, 2.5 parts of natural wax lubricant, 3 parts of 150-mesh carbon fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinking polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 100 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 210 ℃, the screw speed was 70rpm, and the feed speed was 10 rpm.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the PETG plastic at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 5 hours;

adding 55 parts of ASA plastic, 30 parts of PETG plastic, 7.5 parts of 800-mesh calcium sulfate whisker inorganic filler, 2 parts of stearamide lubricant, 5 parts of ETBN flexibilizer, 0.3 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 90 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 230 ℃, the screw speed 65rpm, and the feed speed 7 rpm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the PLA plastic at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 6 h;

adding 58 parts of ASA plastic, 25 parts of PLA plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh calcium carbonate inorganic filler, 2 parts of stearamide lubricant, 4.5 parts of CTBN toughening agent, 0.2 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.3 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 80 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 210 ℃, the screw speed was 70rpm, and the feed speed was 9 rpm.

10. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the ABS plastic at 100 ℃ for 4 h;

adding 50 parts of ASA plastic, 30 parts of ABS plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh talcum powder inorganic filler, 3 parts of dioctyl phthalate lubricant, 6.5 parts of 200-mesh carbon fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer in proportion, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 100 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 240 ℃, the screw speed was 80rpm, and the feed speed was 10 rpm.

Background

FDM technology is the most widely used and most viable 3D printing technology. At present FDM printing consumables is the main technical bottleneck that 3D printed further development, especially intensity is good, low shrink, material that warpage is little is hardly seen in 3D printing consumables market, the consumables of the 3D printer that is applicable to the FDM technique, not only will satisfy higher mechanical strength, better mobility, better toughness, low shrinkage factor, be fit for the melting temperature, requirements such as little warpage volume, still must have very little cooling shrinkage factor, homogeneous structure and lower thermal stress, just so can not cause printing product to produce the performance defect scheduling problem, especially warpage and size precision, and more satisfy safety, be applicable to indoor outdoor environmental protection requirement such as have excellent ageing-resistant performance and nonirritant.

At present, consumables suitable for the 3D printing technology of the FDM technology mainly include Acrylonitrile-butadiene-Styrene copolymer, polyetheretherketone, polycarbonate, polyphenylsulfone, polylactic resin, polyethylene terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester, and ASA (Acrylonitrile Styrene acrylate copolymer, engineering plastic) materials copolymerized from Styrene, Acrylonitrile, and acryl rubber. Wherein, the ASA is formed by copolymerizing styrene, acrylonitrile and acrylic rubber. Technically, ASA not only maintains the main characteristics of ABS, but also combines the advantages of acrylic weather resistance, so that the product can be extended to the outdoors.

ASA materials, intended to find wide application in 3D printing technology, must be purposefully modified to meet and adapt to the material requirements of 3D printing technology. In addition, 3D printing material is strong to the exclusive of equipment, prints high-end application field at 3D, and domestic printing material that uses only can rely on the import, leads to the product price high, can't the batch industrialization application. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a product which has high strength, high toughness, stable printing size, less shrinkage, small warpage, good aging resistance, low density and low cost, and is a technical problem to be solved in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a lightweight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems of large limitation, few types, poor mechanical properties of printed products, high cost and the like of the existing 3D printing materials.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention discloses a lightweight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of ASA plastic, 20-30 parts of modified plastic, 5-15 parts of inorganic filler, 1-3 parts of lubricant, 2-6 parts of toughening agent, 0.2-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.2-0.8 part of foaming agent.

In one embodiment, the modified plastic is one of PETG, PMMA, PLA and ABS.

In one embodiment, the inorganic filler comprises at least one of talc, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate whiskers.

In one embodiment, the lubricant comprises at least one of dioctyl phthalate, natural wax, stearamide; the toughening agent is one of CTBN, ETBN, glass fiber and carbon fiber; the antioxidant is one of triphenyl phosphite, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-octadecyl hydroxyphenylpropionate.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a preparation method of a light ASA modified composite material for 3D printing, which is applied to the light ASA modified composite material for 3D printing, and includes:

drying the raw materials at 80-100 ℃ for 4-8 h;

mixing the dried raw materials in proportion, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material for 2 to 3 hours at the temperature of between 90 and 110 ℃;

and adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material.

In one embodiment, the preparation method specifically includes:

drying the ASA plastic and the PETG plastic at 50 ℃ for 5 hours;

adding 65 parts of ASA plastic, 20 parts of PETG plastic, 8.5 parts of 800-mesh calcium sulfate whisker inorganic filler, 2 parts of dioctyl phthalate lubricant, 4 parts of 150-mesh glass fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinking polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 90 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 225 ℃, the screw speed was 60rpm, and the feed speed was 8 rpm.

In one embodiment, the preparation method specifically includes:

drying the ASA plastic and the PMMA plastic at 100 ℃ for 4 h;

adding 60 parts of ASA plastic, 24 parts of PMMA plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh talcum powder inorganic filler, 2.5 parts of natural wax lubricant, 3 parts of 150-mesh carbon fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinking polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 100 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 210 ℃, the screw speed was 70rpm, and the feed speed was 10 rpm.

In one embodiment, the preparation method specifically includes:

drying the ASA plastic and the PETG plastic at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 5 hours;

adding 55 parts of ASA plastic, 30 parts of PETG plastic, 7.5 parts of 800-mesh calcium sulfate whisker inorganic filler, 2 parts of stearamide lubricant, 5 parts of ETBN flexibilizer, 0.3 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 90 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 230 ℃, the screw speed 65rpm, and the feed speed 7 rpm.

In one embodiment, the preparation method specifically includes:

drying the ASA plastic and the PLA plastic at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 6 h;

adding 58 parts of ASA plastic, 25 parts of PLA plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh calcium carbonate inorganic filler, 2 parts of stearamide lubricant, 4.5 parts of CTBN toughening agent, 0.2 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.3 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 80 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 210 ℃, the screw speed was 70rpm, and the feed speed was 9 rpm.

In one embodiment, the preparation method specifically includes:

drying the ASA plastic and the ABS plastic at 100 ℃ for 4 h;

adding 50 parts of ASA plastic, 30 parts of ABS plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh talcum powder inorganic filler, 3 parts of dioctyl phthalate lubricant, 6.5 parts of 200-mesh carbon fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer in proportion, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 100 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 240 ℃, the screw speed was 80rpm, and the feed speed was 10 rpm.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

in the lightweight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the product produced by the material can be used indoors and outdoors for a long time through specific component proportion, and has excellent aging resistance; moreover, the printing product produced by adding the foaming agent has the function of light weight, the density is about 1.0, and the overall weight of the product is greatly reduced. The printed product printed by the material has small warpage deformation and high dimensional precision, the particle size of the material is small, the product can be fully plasticized in an extruding head, the overall performance of the product is ensured, and the material is particularly suitable for a printer with a small melting cavity.

Drawings

Is free of

Detailed Description

The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "top," and the like are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a lightweight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of ASA plastic, 20-30 parts of modified plastic, 5-15 parts of inorganic filler, 1-3 parts of lubricant, 2-6 parts of toughening agent, 0.2-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.2-0.8 part of foaming agent.

In the lightweight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the product produced by the material can be used indoors and outdoors for a long time through specific component proportion, and has excellent aging resistance; moreover, the printing product produced by adding the foaming agent has the function of light weight, the density is about 1.0, and the overall weight of the product is greatly reduced. The printed product printed by the material has small warpage deformation and high dimensional precision, the particle size of the material is small, the product can be fully plasticized in an extruding head, the overall performance of the product is ensured, and the material is particularly suitable for a printer with a small melting cavity.

In an alternative embodiment, the modified plastic may be one of PETG (Polyethylene glycol), PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate), PLA (Polylactic acid), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) to ensure that the formed ASA modified composite material meets the 3D printing market.

In particular, PETG is a transparent, non-crystalline copolyester, and a common comonomer used for PETG is 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, which is fully known as polyethylene terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester. The PETG sheet material is a product obtained by Polycondensation of Terephthalic Acid (PTA), Ethylene Glycol (EG) and 1, 4-Cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) through an ester exchange method, has outstanding toughness and high impact strength, has the impact strength 3-10 times that of modified polyacrylate, has a wide processing range, higher mechanical strength and excellent flexibility, has higher transparency compared with PVC, is good in gloss, is easy to print and has the advantage of environmental protection. PETG has the advantages of outstanding hot forming performance, toughness, weather resistance, simple and convenient processing, excellent chemical resistance, environmental protection and the like.

PMMA is also called acrylic or organic glass and has the chemical name of polymethyl methacrylate. It has better transparency, chemical stability and weatherability, easy dyeing, easy processing and beautiful appearance. The crystal-like transparency is achieved, the light transmittance is over 92%, the light is soft, the vision is clear, and the acrylic dyed by the dye has a good color spreading effect; meanwhile, the coating has excellent weather resistance, higher surface hardness and surface gloss and better high-temperature performance; meanwhile, the composite material has good processing performance, and can be subjected to hot forming and mechanical processing; the transparent acrylic sheet has light transmittance comparable to that of glass, but has a density of only half that of glass, and is not so brittle as glass and does not form sharp fragments like glass even if broken; the wear resistance of the acrylic plate is close to that of an aluminum material, the stability is good, and the acrylic plate is resistant to corrosion of various chemicals. The acrylic plate has good printability and spraying property, and can endow acrylic products with ideal surface decoration effect by adopting proper printing and spraying processes.

PLA refers to polylactic acid, also known as polylactide, and is a polymer obtained by polymerizing lactic acid as a main raw material, and belongs to a polyester family. The polylactic acid is formed under the condition that a single lactic acid molecule has a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group, a plurality of lactic acid molecules are together, -OH is subjected to dehydration condensation with-COOH of another molecule, and-COOH is subjected to dehydration condensation with-OH of another molecule to form a polymer. The polylactic acid raw material is fully renewable, the production process is pollution-free, the product can be biodegraded, the circulation in nature is realized, and the polylactic acid is an ideal green high polymer material. The polylactic acid has good mechanical property and physical property, and good compatibility and degradability. Meanwhile, the polylactic acid has the best tensile strength and ductility, good air permeability, oxygen permeability and dioxygen dicarbon permeability, and also has the characteristic of odor isolation, and only generates carbon dioxide and water without harmful gas release after combustion.

ABS is an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, is a thermoplastic high polymer material structure which has high strength and good toughness and is easy to process and mold, and is also called ABS resin. ABS has excellent mechanical property and impact strength, and can be used at extremely low temperature; ABS has excellent wear resistance, good dimensional stability and oil resistance. Further, ABS has good electrical insulation properties, is hardly affected by temperature, humidity and frequency, can be used in most environments, is not affected by water, inorganic salts, bases and various acids, but is soluble in ketones, aldehydes and chlorinated hydrocarbons, and is corroded by glacial acetic acid, vegetable oils and the like to cause stress cracking. ABS has poor weather resistance and is easy to degrade under the action of ultraviolet light.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic filler may include at least one of talc powder, calcium carbonate, and calcium sulfate whiskers. The particle size of the inorganic filler may be 500 to 2000 mesh. The inorganic filler can improve the strength and heat resistance of the ASA material, improve the toughness of the ASA material, realize simultaneous toughening and rigidity increasing, and reduce the cost of the modified material. Particularly, the calcium sulfate whisker can reduce the density of the product and enable the product to meet the requirement of light weight.

In the embodiment disclosed by the invention, the lubricant can comprise at least one of dioctyl phthalate, natural wax and stearamide, and the lubricant is added to ensure the integral smoothness of the product, ensure the fluidity of the product after being melted, reduce the friction force between the extrusion pipe wall and the material, improve the appearance quality of the product and reduce the extrusion resistance; the toughening agent can be one of CTBN, ETBN, glass fiber and carbon fiber, and the ETBN and the CTBN have the heat resistance, oil resistance and aging resistance of nitrile rubber and have certain flexibility and caking property. Since ETBN and CTBN are liquid, they can be easily mixed with ASA uniformly. The elastic rubber particles are brought into the ASA main body, so that the fracture toughness and flexibility of the ASA material are obviously improved, the impact strength and low-temperature mechanical properties of the ASA material are greatly improved, the aims of efficiently toughening and strengthening the ASA material are fulfilled, and the strengthening and toughening effects are good and stable. The glass fiber and the carbon fiber are mainly added into the fiber to change the toughness of the product, improve the strength of the product, and most importantly, can effectively reduce the warping deformation of the printed product, and the particle size of the fiber can be selected from 100 to 500 meshes.

The antioxidant can be one of triphenyl phosphite, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-octadecyl hydroxyphenylpropionate, and is mainly used for improving the integral oxidation resistance and aging resistance of the product. The foaming agent can be crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the foaming agent is used for reducing the density of the product so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the cost.

Based on the light ASA modified composite material for 3D printing disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a preparation method of the light ASA modified composite material for 3D printing, which is applied to the light ASA modified composite material for 3D printing described in any embodiment above, and the disclosed preparation method comprises the following steps:

s100, drying the raw materials for 4 to 8 hours at the temperature of 80 to 100 ℃ for later use.

And S200, mixing the dried raw materials in proportion, and uniformly stirring. Specifically, the dried raw material may be added to a stirring mixer to be stirred, so as to ensure the stirring effect.

S300, placing the mixed material in an environment of 90-110 ℃ for drying for 2-3 h, namely placing the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace for drying.

S400, adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material. Specifically, ASA modified composite material with a particle size of 1.75mm can be prepared. The extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 205 to 240 ℃, the screw speed was 40 to 100rpm, and the feed rate was 5 to 15 rpm.

By the preparation method, the lightweight ASA modified composite material for 3D printing can be obtained easily, so that the blank of printing products in the current market is overcome, and the market of 3D printing consumables is greatly enriched.

In an alternative embodiment, the preparation method may specifically include:

drying the ASA plastic and the PETG plastic at 50 ℃ for 5 hours;

adding 65 parts of ASA plastic, 20 parts of PETG plastic, 8.5 parts of 800-mesh calcium sulfate whisker inorganic filler, 2 parts of dioctyl phthalate lubricant, 4 parts of 150-mesh glass fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinking polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 90 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 225 ℃, the screw speed was 60rpm, and the feed speed was 8 rpm. The relevant performance tests were as follows:

in another optional embodiment, the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the PMMA plastic at 100 ℃ for 4 h;

adding 60 parts of ASA plastic, 24 parts of PMMA plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh talcum powder inorganic filler, 2.5 parts of natural wax lubricant, 3 parts of 150-mesh carbon fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinking polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 100 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 210 ℃, the screw speed was 70rpm, and the feed speed was 10 rpm. The relevant performance tests were as follows:

in another optional embodiment, the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the PETG plastic at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 5 hours;

adding 55 parts of ASA plastic, 30 parts of PETG plastic, 7.5 parts of 800-mesh calcium sulfate whisker inorganic filler, 2 parts of stearamide lubricant, 5 parts of ETBN flexibilizer, 0.3 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 90 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 230 ℃, the screw speed 65rpm, and the feed speed 7 rpm. The relevant performance tests were as follows:

in another optional embodiment, the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the PLA plastic at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 6 h;

adding 58 parts of ASA plastic, 25 parts of PLA plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh calcium carbonate inorganic filler, 2 parts of stearamide lubricant, 4.5 parts of CTBN toughening agent, 0.2 part of triphenyl phosphite antioxidant and 0.3 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 80 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 210 ℃, the screw speed was 70rpm, and the feed speed was 9 rpm. The relevant performance tests were as follows:

in another optional embodiment, the preparation method specifically comprises:

drying the ASA plastic and the ABS plastic at 100 ℃ for 4 h;

adding 50 parts of ASA plastic, 30 parts of ABS plastic, 10 parts of 800-mesh talcum powder inorganic filler, 3 parts of dioctyl phthalate lubricant, 6.5 parts of 200-mesh carbon fiber toughening agent, 0.3 part of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol antioxidant and 0.2 part of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone foaming agent into a stirring mixer in proportion, and uniformly stirring;

drying the mixed material in a vacuum drying furnace at 100 ℃ for 2 h;

adding the mixture into a co-rotating mixing double-screw extruder for mixing and extruding, and then respectively carrying out the processes of bracing, cooling, blow-drying and granulating to prepare the required material; the extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extruder temperature was 240 ℃, the screw speed was 80rpm, and the feed speed was 10 rpm. The relevant performance tests were as follows:

the above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.