1. A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof,

wherein:

each of a and B is independently-O (C ═ O) -, - (C ═ O) O-, -C (═ O) -, -O-, -S (O) -, -S-, -C (═ O) S-, -SC (═ O) -, -NR^aC(＝O)-、-C(＝O)NR^a-、-NR^aOC(＝O)-、-OC(＝O)NR^a-、-NR^aOC(＝O)NR^a-、-NR^aC(＝O)NR^a-or-NR^aOne or more of C (═ O) O —;

each R₁、R₂、R₃And R₄Each independently of the other being H, an alkane having from 1 to 16 carbon atomsOptionally interrupted by at least one W, each W independently being-O (C ═ O) -, - (C ═ O) O-, -S-, -CH ═ CH-, -C (═ O) -, -O-, -S (O) -, -C (═ O) S-, -NR (O) -, and^aC(＝O)-、-NR^aC(＝O)NR^a-、-C(＝O)NR^a-、-NR^aOC(＝O)-、-OC(＝O)NR^a-or-NR^aOC(＝O)NR^a-one or more of;

R₅is hydrogen, C_1-12Alkyl or C terminally substituted by hydroxy_1-12An alkyl group;

each R^aEach independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms;

each a, b, d and e is independently any integer from 0 to 14;

each c is independently 0 or 1;

preferably, the compounds of formula (I):

each a and B is independently one or more of-O (C ═ O) -, - (C ═ O) O-, -C (═ O) -, -O-, -S (O) -, -S-, -C (═ O) S-, -SC (═ O) -, -NHC (═ O) -, -C (═ O) NH-, -NHC (═ O) NH-, -OC (═ O) NH-, or-NHC (═ O) O-;

each R₁、R₂、R₃And R₄Each independently is H, an alkyl group containing 1 to 16 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by at least one W, each W independently being one or more of-O (C ═ O) -, - (C ═ O) O-, -S-, -CH ═ CH-, -C (═ O) -, -O-, -S (O) -, -C (═ O) S-, -NHC (═ O) NH-, or-OC (═ O) NH-;

R₅is hydrogen, C_1-12Alkyl or C terminally substituted by hydroxy_1-12An alkyl group;

each a, b, d and e is independently any integer from 0 to 14;

each c is independently 0 or 1.

2. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, wherein said compound has the structure of formula (I-1):

wherein, A, B, R₁、R₂、R₃、R₄、R₅A, b, c, d and e are as defined in claim 1.

3. The compound of claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, wherein said compound has the structure of formula (I-1-1):

wherein, A, R₁、R₂、R₃、R₄、R₅A, b, d and e are as defined in claim 2;

preferably, R₅Is C_1-12An alkyl group.

4. The compound of claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, wherein said compound has the structure of formula (I-1-2):

wherein R is₁、R₂、R₃、R₄、R₅A, b, d and e are as defined in claim 2;

preferably, the compound has a structure represented by formula (I-1-2-1):

wherein R is₁、R₂、R₃、R₄A, b, d and e are as defined in claim 2, f is 0 or 1;

preferably, the compound has a structure represented by formula (I-1-2-2):

wherein R is₁、R₂、R₃、R₄A, b, d and e are as defined in claim 2, and g is 3 or 4.

5. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, wherein said compound has the structure of formula (I-2):

wherein, A, B, R₁、R₂、R₃、R₄、R₅A, b, c, d and e are as defined in claim 1;

preferably, e is 0 or 1.

6. The following compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, tautomers, solvates, chelates, non-covalent compounds, or prodrugs thereof:

7. a lipid carrier comprising a compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1-6, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof;

preferably, the lipid carrier comprises a first lipid compound comprising a compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1-6 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof and a cationic lipid, and a second lipid compound comprising at least one of an anionic lipid, a neutral lipid, a sterol and an amphiphilic lipid;

preferably, the cationic lipid is selected from at least one of DLinDMA, DODMA, DLin-MC2-MPZ, DLin-KC2-DMA, DOTAP, C12-200, DC-Chol and DOTMA;

the anionic lipid is selected from at least one of phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, DOPG, and dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol;

the neutral lipid is at least one of DOPE, DSPC, DPPC, DOPC, DPPG, POPC, POPE, DPPE, DMPE, DSPE and SOPE or a lipid modified by an anionic or cationic modifying group;

the amphiphilic lipid is at least one selected from PEG-DMG, PEG-C-DMG, PEG-C14, PEG-C-DMA, PEG-DSPE, PEG-PE, PEG-modified ceramide, PEG-modified dialkylamine, PEG-modified diacylglycerol, Tween-20, Tween-80, PEG-DPG, PEG-s-DMG, DAA, PEG-C-DOMG and GalNAc-PEG-DSG.

8. The lipid carrier of claim 7 wherein the molar ratio of the first lipid compound, the anionic lipid, the neutral lipid, the sterol and the amphipathic lipid in the lipid carrier is (20-65): 0-20): 5-25): 25-55: (0.3-15);

wherein, in the first lipid compound, the molar ratio of the compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1-6 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof to the cationic lipid is (1-10): (0-10).

9. A nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1-6, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, or a lipid carrier according to claim 7 or 8, and a nucleic acid drug;

preferably, the nucleic acid drug is selected from at least one of DNA, siRNA, mRNA, dsRNA, antisense nucleic acid, microrna, antisense microrna, antagomir, microrna inhibitors, microrna activators, and immunostimulatory nucleic acids;

preferably, the mass ratio of the nucleic acid drug to the lipid compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof is 1 (3-40); or the mass ratio of the nucleic acid drug to the lipid carrier according to claim 7 or 8 is 1 (3-40).

10. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1-6, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex, or prodrug thereof, or a lipid carrier according to claim 7 or 8, or a nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition according to claim 9, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier, and diluent;

preferably, the particle size of the medicinal preparation is 30-500 nm;

preferably, the encapsulation efficiency of the nucleic acid drug in the drug formulation is greater than 50%.

Background

Gene therapy technology is a hotspot of research in the field of modern biomedicine, and nucleic acid medicines can be used for preventing cancer, bacterial and viral infection and treating diseases with genetic etiology. Because nucleic acid drugs have the characteristics of easy degradation, difficult cell entry and the like, the nucleic acid drugs need to be encapsulated by a vector to be delivered to target cells, and therefore, the development of safe and efficient delivery vectors becomes the premise of clinical application of gene therapy.

Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs) are currently a hotspot for research in the field of non-viral gene vectors. In 2018, the FDA approved LNP delivery of patisiran (onpattro) for the treatment of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis, since this study of nucleic acid drug delivery using LNP technology appears to grow dramatically; in particular, modern and BioNtech & pfeir vaccines against COVID-19, which are new coronavirus vaccines against COVID-19 approved by the FDA, were approved by the FDA, and both vaccines delivered mRNA drugs using LNP technology, thereby achieving the prevention of the COVID-19 virus.

LNPs are generally composed of four lipid compounds, namely cationic lipids, neutral lipids, sterols, and amphiphilic lipids, wherein the selection of cationic lipids has the greatest effect on LNPs, such as affecting the encapsulation efficiency of nucleic acid drugs, the delivery efficiency of nucleic acid drugs in vivo, and cytotoxicity, among others.

In view of the above, it would be of great importance to develop a novel compound that can be used as a cationic lipid.

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

The invention aims to provide a series of compounds, which can be used for preparing a lipid carrier together with other lipid compounds, improving the delivery efficiency of nucleic acid drugs in vivo and adjusting the enrichment condition of the nucleic acid drugs in different organs by selecting the lipid compounds with different structures as the lipid carrier.

The present invention also provides a lipid carrier comprising the above compound.

The invention also provides a nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition containing the compound or the lipid carrier.

The invention also provides a pharmaceutical preparation containing the compound, or the lipid carrier, or the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition.

Means for solving the problems

< first aspect >

The present invention provides a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof,

wherein:

each of a and B is independently-O (C ═ O) -, - (C ═ O) O-, -C (═ O) -, -O-, -S (O) -, -S-, -C (═ O) S-, -SC (═ O) -, -NR^aC(＝O)-、-C(＝O)NR^a-、-NR^aOC(＝O)-、-OC(＝O)NR^a-、-NR^aOC(＝O)NR^a-、-NR^aC(＝O)NR^a-or-NR^aOne or more of C (═ O) O —;

each R₁、R₂、R₃And R₄Each independently is H, an alkyl group containing 1 to 16 carbon atoms optionally interrupted by at least one W, each W independently is-O (C ═ O) -, - (C ═ O) O-, -S-, -CH ═ CH-, -C (═ O) -, -O-, -S (O) -, -C (═ O) S-, -NR^aC(＝O)-、-NR^aC(＝O)NR^a-、-C(＝O)NR^a-、-NR^aOC(＝O)-、-OC(＝O)NR^a-or-NR^aOC(＝O)NR^a-one or more of;

R₅is hydrogen, C_1-12Alkyl or C terminally substituted by hydroxy_1-12An alkyl group;

each R^aEach independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms;

each a, b, d and e is independently any integer from 0 to 14;

each c is independently 0 or 1;

preferably, the compounds of formula (I):

each a and B is independently one or more of-O (C ═ O) -, - (C ═ O) O-, -C (═ O) -, -O-, -S (O) -, -S-, -C (═ O) S-, -SC (═ O) -, -NHC (═ O) -, -C (═ O) NH-, -NHC (═ O) NH-, -OC (═ O) NH-, or-NHC (═ O) O-;

each R₁、R₂、R₃And R₄Each independently is H, an alkyl group containing 1 to 16 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by at least one W, each W independently being one or more of-O (C ═ O) -, - (C ═ O) O-, -S-, -CH ═ CH-, -C (═ O) -, -O-, -S (O) -, -C (═ O) S-, -NHC (═ O) NH-, or-OC (═ O) NH-;

R₅is hydrogen, C_1-12Alkyl or C terminally substituted by hydroxy_1-12An alkyl group;

each a, b, d and e is independently any integer from 0 to 14;

each c is independently 0 or 1.

Preferably, the compound has a structure represented by formula (I-1):

wherein, A, B, R₁、R₂、R₃、R₄、R₅A, b, c, d and e are as defined in formula (I).

Further preferably, the compound has a structure represented by the formula (I-1-1):

wherein, A, R₁、R₂、R₃、R₄、R₅A, b, d and e are as defined in formula (I-1);

even more preferably, R₅Is C_1-12An alkyl group.

Further preferably, the compound has a structure represented by the formula (I-1-2):

wherein R is₁、R₂、R₃、R₄、R₅A, b, d and e are as defined in formula (I-1);

still more preferably, the compound has a structure represented by formula (I-1-2-1):

wherein R is₁、R₂、R₃、R₄A, b, d and e are as defined in formula (I-1-2), f is 0 or 1;

still more preferably, the compound has a structure represented by formula (I-1-2-2):

wherein R is₁、R₂、R₃、R₄A, b, d and e are as defined in formula (I-1-2), and g is 3 or 4.

Preferably, the compound has a structure represented by formula (I-2):

wherein, A, B, R₁、R₂、R₃、R₄、R₅A, b, c, d and e are as defined in formula (I);

preferably, e is 0 or 1.

< second aspect >

The present invention provides the following compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, tautomers, solvates, chelates, non-covalent compounds or prodrugs thereof:

< third aspect >

The present invention provides a lipid carrier comprising a compound according to < first aspect >, < second aspect >, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof;

preferably, the lipid carrier comprises a first lipid compound comprising a compound according to < first aspect >, < second aspect >, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, and a cationic lipid, and a second lipid compound comprising at least one of an anionic lipid, a neutral lipid, a sterol, and an amphiphilic lipid;

preferably, the cationic lipid is selected from at least one of DLinDMA, DODMA, DLin-MC2-MPZ, DLin-KC2-DMA, DOTAP, C12-200, DC-Chol and DOTMA;

the anionic lipid is selected from at least one of phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, DOPG, and dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol;

the neutral lipid is selected from at least one of DOPE, DSPC, DPPC, DOPC, DPPG, POPC, POPE, DPPE, DMPE, DSPE, SOPE or lipid modified by anionic or cationic modifying group;

the amphiphilic lipid is at least one selected from PEG-DMG, PEG-C-DMG, PEG-C14, PEG-C-DMA, PEG-DSPE, PEG-PE, PEG-modified ceramide, PEG-modified dialkylamine, PEG-modified diacylglycerol, Tween-20, Tween-80, PEG-DPG, PEG-s-DMG, DAA, PEG-C-DOMG and GalNAc-PEG-DSG.

Further preferably, in the lipid carrier, the molar ratio of the first lipid compound, the anionic lipid, the neutral lipid, the sterol and the amphiphilic lipid is (20-65): 0-20): 5-25): 25-55): 0.3-15;

wherein, in the first lipid compound, the molar ratio of the compound according to < the first aspect >, the < the second aspect >, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, and the cationic lipid is (1-10): (0-10).

Further preferably, in the lipid carrier, the molar ratio of the first lipid compound, the anionic lipid, the neutral lipid, the sterol and the amphiphilic lipid is (20-55): 0-13): 5-25): 25-51.5): 0.5-10;

wherein, in the first lipid compound, the molar ratio of the compound according to < the first aspect >, the < the second aspect >, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, and the cationic lipid is (3-4): 0-5.

< fourth aspect >

The invention provides a nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition comprising a compound according to < first aspect >, < second aspect > or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, or a lipid carrier according to < third aspect >, and a nucleic acid drug;

preferably, the nucleic acid drug is selected from at least one of DNA, siRNA, mRNA, dsRNA, antisense nucleic acid, microrna, antisense microrna, antagomir, microrna inhibitors, microrna activators, and immunostimulatory nucleic acids;

preferably, the mass ratio of the nucleic acid drug to the compound according to < first aspect >, < second aspect >, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof is 1 (3-40); alternatively, the mass ratio of the nucleic acid drug to the lipid carrier according to the < third aspect > is 1 (3-40).

Further preferably, the mass ratio of the nucleic acid drug to the compound according to < first aspect >, < second aspect > or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof is 1 (3-30), preferably 1:3 and 1: 30; alternatively, the mass ratio of the nucleic acid drug to the lipid carrier according to the < third aspect > is 1 (3-30), preferably 1:3 and 1: 30.

< fifth aspect >

The present invention provides a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound according to < first aspect >, < second aspect > or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, chelate, non-covalent complex or prodrug thereof, or a lipid carrier according to < third aspect >, or a nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition according to < fourth aspect >, together with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers and diluents;

preferably, the particle size of the medicinal preparation is 30-500 nm;

preferably, the encapsulation efficiency of the nucleic acid drug in the drug formulation is greater than 50%.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

The invention provides a series of compounds with novel structures and a formula (I), which can be used as cationic lipid to prepare a lipid carrier together with other lipid compounds, and have controllable particle size, uniform distribution, monodispersity and high encapsulation efficiency on drugs with negative charges. Moreover, different potentials can be developed under different pH values, and positive electricity is developed when the electric drug is loaded under an acidic condition, so that the lipid carrier with the positive electricity and the drug with the negative electricity are mutually attracted; can also show electric neutrality in vivo, namely under neutral conditions, and avoid bringing huge cytotoxicity. In addition, the enrichment condition of the nucleic acid medicament in different organs can be adjusted by selecting lipid compounds with different structures as lipid carriers.

Furthermore, the compound has simple synthetic route, cheap and easily available raw materials and high market potential.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an image of the intramuscular injection of 6 hours of Compound 2 of example 26 together with three other lipids to prepare LNP @ mRNA;

FIG. 2 is an image of the co-preparation of LNP @ mRNA for Compound 2 with the other three lipids of example 26, taken 6 hours after intravenous injection;

FIG. 3 is an imaging anatomical image of Compound 2 of example 26 taken 6 hours after intravenous injection of LNP @ mRNA prepared with the three other lipids;

FIG. 4 is an imaging anatomical image of Compound 27 of example 26 taken 6 hours after intravenous injection of LNP @ mRNA prepared with the three other lipids;

FIG. 5 is an image of the preparation of LNP @ mRNA for example 26, using compound 33, together with three other lipids, after 6 hours of intravenous injection;

FIG. 6 is an imaging anatomical map of compound 33 of example 26 after 6 hours of intravenous injection of LNP @ mRNA prepared with the three other lipids;

FIG. 7 is a transmission electron micrograph of Compound 2 of example 26 taken together with three other lipids to prepare LNP @ mRNA;

FIG. 8 is the maximum fluorescence intensity in test mice 6 hours after intramuscular injection of LNP @ mRNA prepared with Compound 2 of example 27 in combination with several other lipids in varying proportions.

Detailed Description

Before the present invention is further described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular embodiments described herein; it is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[ definition of terms ]

Unless otherwise indicated, the following terms have the following meanings:

the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" refers to salts of the compounds of the present invention that are substantially non-toxic to organisms. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts generally include, but are not limited to, salts formed by reacting a compound of the invention with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic/organic acid or inorganic/organic base, such salts also being referred to as acid addition salts or base addition salts. Common inorganic acids include, but are not limited to, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like, common organic acids include, but are not limited to, trifluoroacetic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the like, common inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and the like, and common organic bases include, but are not limited to, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethambutol, and the like.

The term "stereoisomer" (or "optical isomer") refers to a stable isomer having a perpendicular plane of asymmetry due to having at least one chiral factor (including chiral center, chiral axis, chiral plane, etc.) that enables rotation of plane polarized light. Because of the presence of asymmetric centers and other chemical structures in the compounds of the present invention that may lead to stereoisomers, the present invention also includes such stereoisomers and mixtures thereof. Since the compounds of the present invention and their salts comprise asymmetric carbon atoms, they can exist in the form of single stereoisomers, racemates, mixtures of enantiomers and diastereomers. Generally, these compounds can be prepared in the form of a racemic mixture. However, if desired, such compounds may be prepared or isolated to give pure stereoisomers, i.e., single enantiomers or diastereomers, or mixtures enriched in single stereoisomers (purity. gtoreq.98%,. gtoreq.95%,. gtoreq.93%,. gtoreq.90%,. gtoreq.88%,. gtoreq.85% or. gtoreq.80%). The individual stereoisomers of the compounds are prepared synthetically from optically active starting materials containing the desired chiral center, or by preparation of mixtures of enantiomeric products followed by separation or resolution, e.g. conversion to mixtures of diastereomers followed by separation or recrystallization, chromatographic treatment, use of chiral resolving agents, or direct separation of the enantiomers on chiral chromatographic columns. The starting compounds of a particular stereochemistry are either commercially available or may be prepared according to the methods described hereinafter and resolved by methods well known in the art.

The term "tautomer" (or "tautomeric form") refers to structural isomers having different energies that can interconvert through a low energy barrier. If tautomerism is possible (e.g., in solution), then the chemical equilibrium of the tautomer can be reached. For example, proton tautomers (or proton transfer tautomers) include, but are not limited to, interconversions by proton transfer, such as keto-enol isomerization, imine-enamine isomerization, amide-iminoalcohol isomerization, and the like. Unless otherwise indicated, all tautomeric forms of the compounds of the invention are within the scope of the invention.

The term "solvate" refers to a substance formed by the binding of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to at least one solvent molecule by non-covalent intermolecular forces. Common solvates include, but are not limited to, hydrates, ethanolates, acetonates, and the like.

The term "chelate" is a complex having a cyclic structure obtained by chelation in which two or more ligands form a chelate ring with the same metal ion.

The term "non-covalent complex" is formed by the interaction of a compound with another molecule, wherein no covalent bond is formed between the compound and the molecule. For example, complexation can occur through van der waals interactions, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions (also known as ionic bonding).

The term "prodrug" refers to a derivative compound that is capable of providing, directly or indirectly, a compound of the invention upon application to a patient. Particularly preferred derivative compounds or prodrugs are those which, when administered to a patient, increase the bioavailability of the compounds of the invention (e.g., are more readily absorbed into the blood), or facilitate delivery of the parent compound to the site of action (e.g., the lymphatic system). Unless otherwise indicated, all prodrug forms of the compounds of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention, and various prodrug forms are well known in the art.

The term "independently of each other" means that at least two groups (or ring systems) present in the structure in the same or similar range of values may have the same or different meaning in a particular case. For example, substituent X and substituent Y are each independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, alkyl or aryl, and when substituent X is hydrogen, substituent Y may be either hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, alkyl or aryl; similarly, when the substituent Y is hydrogen, the substituent X may be hydrogen, or may be halogen, hydroxy, cyano, alkyl or aryl.

The terms "optionally" or "optionally" mean that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.

The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.

In the present invention, the "equivalent (eq)" ratio refers to the molar ratio of the solvent or the drug.

In the present invention, "a proper amount" means that the amount of the added solvent or the amount of the drug can be adjusted within a wide range and the influence on the synthesis result is small, and is not particularly limited.

In the following examples, the solvents and drugs used are either analytically or chemically pure; the solvent is redistilled before use; the anhydrous solvent is treated according to standard or literature methods.

Examples

EXAMPLE 1 Synthesis of Compound 1

2-hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the 2-bromoethanol reaction was complete, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 1.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.42-4.26(d,8H),3.34-3.01(d,8H),2.56-2.49(d,8H),2.46-2.36(m,4H),2.26(s,3H),1.75-1.14(m,100H),0.88-0.79(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 2 Synthesis of Compound 2

2-Butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the 2-bromoethanol reaction was complete, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 2.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.45-4.21(d,8H),3.41-3.11(d,8H),2.64-2.52(d,8H),2.50-2.41(m,4H),2.19(s,3H),1.77-1.11(m,68H),0.90-0.80(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 3 Synthesis of Compound 3

2-hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 3-bromopropanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the reaction of 3-bromopropanol was complete, extracted several times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring and refluxing at 110 DEG CThe reaction was allowed to proceed overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 3.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.27-4.24(d,8H),2.63-2.59(d,8H),2.56-2.49(d,8H),2.39-2.31(m,4H),2.19(s,3H),1.69-1.24(m,108H),0.93-0.81(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 4 Synthesis of Compound 4

2-hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 3-bromopropanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the reaction of 3-bromopropanol was complete, extracted several times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

The brominated intermediate (4.8eq) was added to an appropriate amount of ethanol, 3- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-propanol (1.0eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of ethanol, potassium carbonate (4.8eq) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 110 ℃ and refluxed overnight. TLC confirmed the completion of the reaction in 3- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-propanol, and the mixture was purified by passing through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 4.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.16-4.10(d,8H),3.52-3.49(d,2H),2.49-2.46(d,10H),2.38-2.35(d,8H),2.15-2.10(m,4H),1.74-1.31(m,110H),0.95-0.89(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 5 Synthesis of Compound 7

Dissolving 2-octyl undecanoic acid (1.5eq) in appropriate amount of dichloromethane, adding DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) to activate carboxyl, adding 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) after 30min, and stirring at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the 2-bromoethanol reaction was complete, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 7.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.38-4.20(d,8H),3.24-3.06(d,8H),2.53-2.42(d,8H),2.45-2.34(m,4H),2.22(s,3H),1.81-1.11(m,124H),0.89-0.78(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 6 Synthesis of Compound 9

2- (2- (butyldithioalkyl) ethyl) octanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. TLC confirmed the 2-bromoethanol reaction was complete, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 9.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.35-4.30(d,8H),2.98-2.89(d,8H),2.65-2.59(m,16H),2.46-2.36(m,8H),2.30-2.19(m,4H),2.10(s,3H),1.92-1.14(m,68H),0.93-0.87(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 7 Synthesis of Compound 11

2-hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the 2-bromoethanol reaction was complete, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving 4- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-butanol (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed that the 4- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-butanol reacted completely, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give Compound 11.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.28-4.20(d,8H),3.51-3.42(d,2H),3.08-2.91(m,10H),2.48-2.40(m,8H),2.15-2.08(m,4H),1.65-1.14(m,104H),0.92-0.87(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 8 Synthesis of Compound 12

2-Butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the 2-bromoethanol reaction was complete, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving 4- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-butanol (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed that 4- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-butanol reacted completely, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give Compound 12.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.34-4.25(d,8H),3.50-3.43(d,2H),3.15-2.98(m,10H),2.45-2.38(m,8H),2.14-2.05(m,4H),1.68-1.15(m,72H),0.90-0.85(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 9 Synthesis of Compound 15

2- (3- (propyldisulfanyl) propyl) octanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. TLC confirmed the 2-bromoethanol reaction was complete, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 15.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.25-4.17(d,8H),3.05-2.96(d,8H),2.62-2.54(m,16H),2.46-2.41(m,8H),2.31-2.26(m,4H),2.14(s,3H),1.64-1.16(m,68H),1.01-0.86(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 10 Synthesis of Compound 17

2-Hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min 6-bromohexanol (1.0eq) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. TLC confirmed the completion of the 6-bromohexanol reaction, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

The brominated intermediate (4.8eq) was added to an appropriate amount of ethanol, 2mL of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of ethanol, potassium carbonate (4.8eq) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 110 ℃ and refluxed overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 17.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.11-4.07(d,8H),3.33-3.20(d,8H),2.75-2.62(d,8H),2.55-2.51(m,4H),2.23(s,3H),1.92-1.07(m,132H),0.95-0.88(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 11 Synthesis of Compound 20

2-hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min 9-bromo-1-nonanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirms that 9-bromo-1-nonanol is reacted completely, and the reaction solution is extracted with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution for a plurality of times, dried by adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to obtain a brominated intermediate product.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 20.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.11-4.05(d,8H),3.05-2.97(d,8H),2.56-2.49(d,8H),2.41-2.32(m,4H),2.26(s,3H),1.79-1.13(m,156H),0.90-0.79(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 12 Synthesis of Compound 21

Dissolving 2-butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) in appropriate amount of dichloromethane, adding DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) to activate carboxyl, adding 9-bromo-1-nonanol (1.0eq) after 30min, and stirring at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirms that 9-bromo-1-nonanol is reacted completely, and the reaction solution is extracted with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution for a plurality of times, dried by adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to obtain a brominated intermediate product.

The brominated intermediate (4.8eq) was added to the appropriate amount of ethylIn alcohol, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of ethanol, potassium carbonate (4.8eq) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 110 ℃ under reflux for reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 21.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.13-4.06(d,8H),3.08-2.93(d,8H),2.52-2.45(d,8H),2.40-2.31(m,4H),2.25(s,3H),1.78-1.11(m,124H),0.93-0.78(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 13 Synthesis of Compound 24

2-hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min 9-bromo-1-nonanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirms that 9-bromo-1-nonanol is reacted completely, and the reaction solution is extracted with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution for a plurality of times, dried by adding anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to obtain a brominated intermediate product.

The brominated intermediate (4.8eq) was added to an appropriate amount of ethanol, 3- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-propanol (1.0eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of ethanol, potassium carbonate (4.8eq) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 110 ℃ and refluxed overnight. TLC confirmed the completion of the reaction in 3- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-propanol, and the mixture was purified by passing through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 24.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.08-4.06(d,8H),3.52-3.48(d,2H),3.11-3.02(d,8H),2.54-2.45(d,10H),2.21-2.18(m,4H),1.75-1.21(m,158H),0.88-0.80(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 14 Synthesis of Compound 26

2-Hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min 6-bromohexanol (1.0eq) was added and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the completion of the 6-bromohexanol reaction, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving 4- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-butanol (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the completion of the 4- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-butanol reaction using methanolAnd dichloromethane were passed through the column and concentrated to give compound 26.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.11-4.08(d,8H),3.51-3.47(d,2H),3.08-3.01(d,10H),2.51-2.42(d,8H),2.23-2.15(m,4H),1.71-1.16(m,136H),0.92-0.83(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 15 Synthesis of Compound 27

2-Butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of methylene chloride, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min, 6-bromohexanol (1.0eq) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. TLC confirmed the completion of the 6-bromohexanol reaction, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

The brominated intermediate (4.8eq) was added to an appropriate amount of ethanol, 2mL of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of ethanol, potassium carbonate (4.8eq) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 110 ℃ and refluxed overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 27.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.15-4.02(d,8H),3.23-3.21(d,8H),2.65-2.60(d,8H),2.49-2.38(m,4H),2.11(s,3H),1.86-1.12(m,100H),0.92-0.85(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 16 Synthesis of Compound 28

2-Butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) were added to activate the carboxyl group, and after 30min 6-bromohexanol (1.0eq) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. TLC confirmed the completion of the 6-bromohexanol reaction, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving 4- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-butanol (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed that the 4- (bis (3-aminopropyl) amino) -1-butanol reacted completely, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 28.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.13-4.07(d,8H),3.50-3.46(d,2H),3.09-3.02(d,10H),2.50-2.43(d,8H),2.24-2.15(m,4H),1.68-1.18(m,104H),0.93-0.85(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 17 Synthesis of Compound 29

Dissolving 2-ethyl hexanoic acid (1.5eq) in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, adding DMAP (0.5eq) and EDC (1.5eq) to activate carboxyl, adding 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) after 30min, and stirring at room temperature for 16 h. TLC confirmed the 2-bromoethanol reaction was complete, extracted multiple times with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the brominated intermediate.

Adding the brominated intermediate (4.8eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, dissolving N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) into an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), and stirring at 110 ℃ for reflux reaction overnight. TLC confirmed the reaction of N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine was complete, and the mixture was passed through a column using methanol and dichloromethane and concentrated to give compound 29.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.22-4.18(d,8H),3.11-2.98(d,8H),2.46-2.38(d,8H),2.30-2.21(m,4H),2.16(s,3H),1.86-1.32(m,36H),0.95-0.86(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 18 Synthesis of Compound 33

2-Butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, stirred, EDC (1.5eq), DMAP (0.5) and triethylamine (1eq) were added, stirred at room temperature for 0.5h, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (1.0eq) was added, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature overnight. And (3) TLC confirms that the raw materials are completely reacted, acetic acid is added to adjust the pH value to be 6-7, extraction is carried out for multiple times, and column chromatography is carried out to obtain colorless transparent liquid.

Dissolving the colorless transparent liquid (4.8eq) in an appropriate amount of methanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq), adding N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq), and stirring at 75 ℃ overnight; TLC monitored completion of the starting material reaction, concentrated the reaction solution, chromatographed using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrated to give compound 33.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.11-4.05(d,16H),2.76-2.72(d,8H),2.43-2.39(d,12H),2.32-2.25(m,8H),2.16(s,3H),1.71-1.17(m,84H),0.87-0.83(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 19 Synthesis of Compound 34

2-Butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, stirred, EDC (1.5eq), DMAP (0.5eq) and triethylamine (1.0eq) were added thereto, stirred at room temperature for 0.5h, added 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) and reacted at room temperature overnight. TLC confirms that the raw materials are completely reacted, acetic acid is added to adjust the pH value to be 6-7, extraction is carried out for multiple times, methanol and dichloromethane are used for passing through a chromatographic column, and concentration is carried out to obtain colorless transparent liquid.

Dissolving the colorless transparent liquid (2.1eq) in an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (2.4eq), adding N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq), and stirring at 75 ℃ overnight; TLC monitors the reaction completion of the raw materials, concentrates the reaction solution, passes through a chromatographic column using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrates to obtain a light yellow oil.

Dissolving the obtained oily substance (1.0eq) in an appropriate amount of methanol, adding isodecyl acrylate (2.5eq) and stirring at 45 ℃ overnight; TLC monitored the completion of the starting material reaction, concentrated the reaction solution, chromatographed using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrated to give compound 34.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.23-4.19(m,8H),3.74-3.70(d,4H),2.87-2.84(d,4H),2.52-2.41(m,12H),2.31-2.25(m,2H),2.08(s,3H),1.76-1.14(m,62H),0.91-0.83(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 20 Synthesis of Compound 35

2-Butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, stirred, EDC (1.5eq), DMAP (0.5eq) and triethylamine (1.0eq) were added thereto, stirred at room temperature for 0.5h, added 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) and reacted at room temperature overnight. TLC confirms that the raw materials are completely reacted, acetic acid is added to adjust the pH value to be 6-7, extraction is carried out for multiple times, methanol and dichloromethane are used for passing through a chromatographic column, and concentration is carried out to obtain colorless transparent liquid.

Dissolving the colorless transparent liquid (2.1eq) in an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (2.4eq), adding N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq), and stirring at 75 ℃ overnight; TLC monitors the reaction completion of the raw materials, concentrates the reaction solution, passes through a chromatographic column using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrates to obtain a light yellow oil.

Dissolving the obtained oily substance (1.0eq) in an appropriate amount of methanol, adding decyl acrylate (2.5eq) and stirring at 45 ℃ overnight; TLC monitored completion of the starting material reaction, concentrated the reaction solution, chromatographed using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrated to give compound 35.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.23-4.19(d,8H),3.74-3.70(d,4H),2.87-2.84(d,4H),2.52-2.41(m,12H),2.31-2.25(m,2H),2.08(s,3H),1.76-1.14(m,68H),0.91-0.83(m,18H)。

EXAMPLE 21 Synthesis of Compound 36

2-Ethylbutyric acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, stirred, EDC (1.5eq), DMAP (0.5eq) and triethylamine (1.0eq) were added, stirred at room temperature for 0.5h, added 6-bromohexanol (1.0eq) and reacted at room temperature overnight. TLC confirms that the raw materials are completely reacted, acetic acid is added to adjust the pH value to be 6-7, extraction is carried out for multiple times, methanol and dichloromethane are used for passing through a chromatographic column, and concentration is carried out to obtain colorless transparent liquid.

Dissolving the obtained colorless transparent liquid (4.8eq) in an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq) and then adding N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) and stirring at 75 ℃ overnight; TLC monitored completion of the starting material reaction, concentrated the reaction solution, chromatographed using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrated to give compound 36.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.15-4.10(d,8H),2.94-2.87(d,8H),2.51-2.47(d,8H),2.42-2.39(m,4H),2.22(s,3H),1.85-1.23(m,52H),0.95-0.90(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 22 Synthesis of Compound 37

4-Methylpentanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, stirred, EDC (1.5eq), DMAP (0.5eq) and triethylamine (1.0eq) were added, stirred at room temperature for 0.5h, 6-bromohexanol (1.0eq) was added, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature overnight. TLC confirms that the raw materials are completely reacted, acetic acid is added to adjust the pH value to be 6-7, extraction is carried out for multiple times, methanol and dichloromethane are used for passing through a chromatographic column, and concentration is carried out to obtain colorless transparent liquid.

Dissolving the obtained colorless transparent liquid (4.8eq) in an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (4.8eq) and then adding N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) and stirring at 75 ℃ overnight; TLC monitored completion of the starting material reaction, concentrated the reaction solution, chromatographed using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrated to give compound 37.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.21-4.13(d,8H),3.02-2.92(d,8H),2.46-2.32(m,16H),2.18(s,3H),1.65-1.23(m,48H),0.91-0.90(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 23 Synthesis of Compound 38

2-Hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, stirred, EDC (1.5eq), DMAP (0.5eq) and triethylamine (1.0eq) were added, stirred at room temperature for 0.5h, added 2-bromoethanol (1.0eq) and reacted at room temperature overnight. TLC confirms that the raw materials are completely reacted, acetic acid is added to adjust the pH value to be 6-7, extraction is carried out for multiple times, methanol and dichloromethane are used for passing through a chromatographic column, and concentration is carried out to obtain colorless transparent liquid.

Dissolving the colorless transparent liquid (2.1eq) in an appropriate amount of ethanol, adding potassium carbonate (2.4eq), adding N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq), and stirring at 75 ℃ overnight; TLC monitors the reaction completion of the raw materials, concentrates the reaction solution, passes through a chromatographic column using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrates to obtain a light yellow oil.

Dissolving the obtained oily substance (1.0eq) in an appropriate amount of methanol, adding isodecyl acrylate (2.5eq) and stirring at 45 ℃ overnight; TLC monitored completion of the starting material reaction, concentrated the reaction solution, chromatographed using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrated to give compound 38.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.23-4.19(m,8H),3.74-3.70(d,4H),2.87-2.84(d,4H),2.52-2.41(m,12H),2.31-2.25(m,2H),2.08(s,3H),1.76-1.14(m,78H),0.91-0.83(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 24 Synthesis of Compound 39

2-Hexyldecanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, stirred, EDC (1.5eq), DMAP (0.5eq) and triethylamine (1.0eq) were added, stirred at room temperature for 0.5h, 4-hydroxybutylacrylate (1.0eq) was added, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature overnight. TLC confirms that the raw materials are completely reacted, acetic acid is added to adjust the pH value to be 6-7, extraction is carried out for multiple times, methanol and dichloromethane are used for passing through a chromatographic column, and concentration is carried out to obtain colorless transparent liquid.

Dissolving the obtained oily substance (4.8eq) in an appropriate amount of methanol, adding N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) and stirring at 45 ℃ overnight; TLC monitored completion of the starting material reaction, concentrated the reaction solution, chromatographed using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrated to give compound 39.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.12-4.01(m,16H),2.76-2.64(m,12H),2.47-2.27(m,16H),2.01(s,3H),1.75-1.14(m,116H),0.88-0.85(m,24H)。

EXAMPLE 25 Synthesis of Compound 45

2-Butyloctanoic acid (1.5eq) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of dichloromethane, stirred, EDC (1.5eq), DMAP (0.5eq) and triethylamine (1.0eq) were added, stirred at room temperature for 0.5h, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether (1.0eq) was added, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature overnight. TLC confirms that the raw materials are completely reacted, acetic acid is added to adjust the pH value to be 6-7, extraction is carried out for multiple times, methanol and dichloromethane are used for passing through a chromatographic column, and concentration is carried out to obtain colorless transparent liquid.

Dissolving the obtained oily substance (4.8eq) in an appropriate amount of methanol, adding N, N-bis (3-aminopropyl) methylamine (1.0eq) and stirring at 45 ℃ overnight; TLC monitored completion of the starting material reaction, concentrated the reaction solution, chromatographed using methanol and dichloromethane, and concentrated to give compound 45.¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl₃)δ4.12-4.01(m,8H),3.62-3.58(m,8H),3.48-3.45(m,8H),2.47-2.35(m,16H),2.31-2.27(m,4H),2.18(s,3H),1.75-1.14(m,84H),0.91-0.88(m,24H)。

Example 26

Compounds 1, 2, 17, 27, 33 were dissolved with cholesterol, DOPE, PEG-DMG, respectively, at a molar ratio of 35:46.5:16:2.5 in a first solution of 90% ethanol in 10% 50mM citrate buffered saline at pH 4.0, and in a second solution of 50mM citrate buffered saline at pH 4.0, at a volume ratio of 1:3, and the two phases were rapidly mixed using microfluidics and the buffered environment was replaced with PBS at pH 7.4 using dialysis or tangential flow to remove ethanol to prepare five LNP @ mrnas, respectively.

The particle size, PDI and encapsulation efficiency of each LNP @ mRNA was tested and the results are shown in Table 1. The results show that the particle size of LNP @ mRNA prepared by the compounds 1, 2, 27 and 33 and other three lipids is smaller, and the encapsulation efficiency of LNP @ mRNA prepared by the compounds 1, 2, 17 and 33 and other three lipids is higher.

TABLE 1 particle size, PDI, encapsulation efficiency of each LNP @ mRNA

Compound (I)	Particle size (nm)	PDI	Encapsulation efficiency (%)
				1	95	0.14	96
2	84	0.20	86
				17	184	0.19	96
27	90	0.21	57
				33	86	0.11	96

The prepared LNP @ mRNA is injected into a mouse body through tail vein or muscle respectively, and the fluorescence intensity and organ distribution condition in the mouse body are tested after 6 hours. FIG. 1 shows the intramuscular injection of compound 2 with three other lipids to make LNP @ mRNA; FIG. 2 shows the results of tail vein injection of LNP @ mRNA prepared by co-administering compound 2 with three other lipids; FIG. 3 is an intravenous anatomical image of compound 2 co-prepared LNP @ mRNA with three other lipids, showing that the mRNA is predominantly expressed in the spleen (B in FIG. 3) and a small amount in the liver (A in FIG. 3); FIG. 4 is an intravenous anatomical image of compound 27 co-prepared with three other lipids as LNP @ mRNA showing that mRNA is predominantly expressed in the spleen (B in FIG. 4) and a small amount in the liver (A in FIG. 4); FIG. 5 shows the results of tail vein injections of compound 33 in combination with three other lipids to prepare LNP @ mRNA; FIG. 6 is a tail vein injection anatomical image of compound 33 prepared with three other lipids as LNP @ mRNA, showing that mRNA is mainly expressed in liver (A in FIG. 6) and partially expressed in spleen (B in FIG. 6).

FIG. 7 is a transmission electron micrograph of LNP @ mRNA prepared from Compound 2 in combination with three other lipids.

Example 27

Compound 2 was dissolved in a first solution of cholesterol, DOPE, DSPC, PEG-DMG, respectively, in the molar ratios of table 2, luciferase mRNA was dissolved in a second solution of 50mM citrate buffered saline at pH 4.0, in a 1:3 volume ratio, the two phases were rapidly mixed using microfluidics, and the buffered environment was replaced with PBS at pH 7.4 using dialysis or tangential flow to remove ethanol, yielding LNP @ mRNA.

TABLE 2 solubility ratio of Compound 2 to the other three lipids in the first solution

The particle size, PDI and encapsulation efficiency of each of the above LNP @ mRNAs were tested and the results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 particle size, PDI, encapsulation efficiency of each LNP @ mRNA

Sample name	Particle size (nm)	PDI	Encapsulation efficiency (%)
				Ratio 1	93	0.36	82
Ratio 2	77	0.14	70
				Ratio 3	58	0.15	85
Ratio 4	76	0.32	80
				Ratio 5	139	0.17	69

The prepared mRNA @ LNP is injected into a mouse body through intramuscular injection, and the fluorescence intensity and organ distribution condition in the mouse body are tested after 6 hours. FIG. 8 shows the maximum value of fluorescence intensity in mice tested 6 hours after intramuscular injection of LNP @ mRNA prepared by combining Compound 2 with several other lipids in different ratios, and the result shows that the mRNA @ LNP prepared in ratio 1 is expressed in the highest amount in the mice.

LNP @ mRNA prepared in different molar ratios was tested for Zeta potential change at different pH and the results are given in Table 4 below. As can be seen from table 4, LNPs prepared from this class of compounds can exhibit different charges at different pH: the nucleic acid drug is positively charged under acidic conditions and can attract nucleic acid drugs with negative charges; can show electric neutrality or negative electricity under neutral condition, and can not react with negative cell membrane in vivo, thereby avoiding cytotoxicity.

TABLE 4 Zeta potential Change at different pH of LNP @ mRNA

Zeta(mV)	pH 4.0	pH 7.4	pH 10.0
				1	10.8	-1.1	-41.8
2	9.05	-4.29	-39.4
				3	8.42	-9.63	-32.5
4	9.35	-10.6	-33.3
				5	8.19	-14.4	-44.1

Example 28

Compound 2 was dissolved in a first solution of ethanol and a second solution of 50mM citrate buffered saline at pH 4.0 in a molar ratio of 1:3 with DOTAP, cholesterol, DSPC, PEG-DMG at 30:20:38.5:10:1.5, LNP @ mRNA was prepared by rapid mixing of the two phases using microfluidics and displacement of the buffered environment to PBS pH 7.4 using dialysis or tangential flow. Adding sucrose serving as a freezing protective agent to obtain the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle pharmaceutical preparation.

Example 29

LNP @ mRNA was prepared by dissolving compound 34 with DOTAP, phosphatidylserine, cholesterol, DSPC, PEG-DMG (total 15mg) in a 20:25:15:25:5:10 molar ratio in a first solution of ethanol and luciferase mRNA (5mg) in a second solution of 50mM citrate buffered saline at pH 4.0 in a 1:3 volume ratio, rapidly mixing the two phases using microfluidics, and replacing the buffered environment with PBS at pH 7.4 using dialysis or tangential flow. Adding sucrose serving as a freezing protective agent to obtain the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle pharmaceutical preparation.

Example 30

LNP @ mRNA was prepared by dissolving compound 37 with Dlin-KC2-DMA, DOPG, cholesterol, DSPC, tween-80 (30 mg total) in a molar ratio of 15:5:3:51.5:25:0.5 in a first solution of ethanol and a second solution of 50mM citric acid buffered saline at pH 4.0 in a volume ratio of 1:3, dissolving luciferase mRNA (1mg) in a second solution of ethanol, rapidly mixing the two phases using microfluidics, and replacing the buffered environment with PBS at pH 7.4 using dialysis or tangential flow. Adding sucrose serving as a freezing protective agent to obtain the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle pharmaceutical preparation.

It should be noted that, although the technical solutions of the present invention are described by specific examples, those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention should not be limited thereto. Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.